WO2011061810A1 - 車両および車両の制御方法 - Google Patents
車両および車両の制御方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011061810A1 WO2011061810A1 PCT/JP2009/069471 JP2009069471W WO2011061810A1 WO 2011061810 A1 WO2011061810 A1 WO 2011061810A1 JP 2009069471 W JP2009069471 W JP 2009069471W WO 2011061810 A1 WO2011061810 A1 WO 2011061810A1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
- B60L3/0046—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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- B60L1/00—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles
- B60L1/003—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles to auxiliary motors, e.g. for pumps, compressors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a vehicle and a vehicle control method, and more particularly to control of charging of a power storage device mounted on the vehicle.
- Vehicles such as hybrid vehicles, electric vehicles, and fuel cell vehicles include a power storage device for storing electric power and an electric motor.
- the electric motor generates driving force of the vehicle by electric power supplied from the power storage device.
- the electric motor performs regenerative power generation.
- the electric power generated by the regenerative power generation is supplied to the power storage device. Therefore, during the traveling of the vehicle, charging and discharging of the power storage device are controlled so that the index value (SOC) indicating the charging state of the power storage device is within an appropriate range.
- the SOC is defined as the ratio of the current charged amount to the charged amount in the fully charged state.
- the SOC of the power storage device in a fully charged state is 100 (%), and the SOC of the power storage device in a state where no power is stored is 0 (%).
- Patent Document 1 discloses a hybrid vehicle control system configured to be able to adjust the SOC management range of a power storage device in accordance with a travel section.
- the control system includes a road information acquisition unit that acquires road information of a planned travel route of the vehicle, a management width and a travel method determination processing unit that changes the SOC management range of the power storage unit and determines the travel method of the vehicle, A control execution processing unit that executes vehicle travel control according to the determined travel method.
- the management width and traveling method determination processing unit calculates the SOC of the power storage means (battery) in a predetermined section of the planned traveling route of the vehicle, and changes the management width of the SOC based on the SOC. Further, the management width and traveling method determination processing unit determines the traveling method of the hybrid vehicle so that the SOC at the end point of the predetermined section is within the management width.
- Patent Document 2 discloses a control device for controlling charging and discharging of a battery.
- This control device changes the management width of the SOC of the battery, thereby preventing overdischarge of the battery and avoiding the influence of the memory effect on the charging and discharging of the battery.
- the above control device increases both the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the SOC management width when the memory effect occurs.
- the cruising distance of the above vehicle is preferably as long as possible.
- the “cruising distance” means a distance that the vehicle can travel with the electric power stored in the power storage device.
- One solution for increasing the cruising distance is to increase the number of power storage devices or the number of cells constituting the power storage device.
- the number of power storage devices or the number of cells increases, not only the volume and weight of the power storage device increase but also the cost of the power storage device increases.
- the actual cruising distance may be shorter than the distance calculated based on the capacity of the power storage device.
- Patent Document 1 changes the SOC management range while the hybrid vehicle is traveling in order to collect a sufficient regenerative current in the battery. As a result, the fuel consumption of the hybrid vehicle can be reduced.
- Patent Document 1 discloses only a technique for reducing fuel consumption during vehicle travel performed at an arbitrary time.
- Patent Document 1 does not describe a specific method for suppressing a decrease in the capacity of the power storage device.
- Patent Document 2 describes a method for preventing a decrease in battery capacity due to the memory effect. However, Patent Document 2 does not explain the deterioration of the battery due to repeated traveling of the vehicle. In other words, Patent Document 2 does not disclose battery control in consideration of battery deterioration.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle capable of realizing both suppression of deterioration of a power storage device and securing of a cruising distance.
- a vehicle includes a power storage device configured to be rechargeable, an electric motor configured to generate a driving force of the vehicle by using electric power stored in the power storage device, and an outside of the vehicle
- a charging mechanism configured to supply power output from the power source to the power storage device
- a control device configured to control a charging state of the power storage device when the power storage device is charged.
- the control device is configured to increase an upper limit value of the index value when a state estimation unit configured to calculate an index value indicating the state of charge and a predetermined condition regarding deterioration of the power storage device is satisfied.
- the setting unit sets the amount of change in the upper limit value so that the upper limit value falls below a predetermined value.
- the setting unit can switch between the first mode in which the predetermined value is set as the upper limit value and the second mode in which the upper limit value can be adjusted, and sets the amount of change in the second mode. To do.
- the setting unit sets the amount of change so that the travelable distance of the vehicle is equal to or greater than the target distance and the upper limit value is less than a predetermined value.
- the vehicle further includes a command generation unit.
- the command generation unit is configured to switch between generation of a command for extending the use period of the power storage device and stop of the generation of the command by manual operation.
- the setting unit selects the second mode from the first and second modes when the command generation unit generates a command, while the command generation unit stops generating the command.
- the first mode is selected from the first and second modes.
- the predetermined condition is a condition determined in advance based on a usage period of the vehicle.
- the predetermined condition is a condition determined in advance based on a travel distance of the vehicle.
- control device further includes a distance calculation unit.
- the distance calculation unit is configured to estimate a travelable distance of the vehicle based on the upper limit value set by the setting unit.
- vehicle further includes a display device configured to be able to display the travelable distance estimated by the distance calculation unit.
- the travelable distance includes a first travelable distance that the vehicle can travel before the upper limit value is changed, and a second travelable distance that the vehicle can travel after the upper limit value is changed.
- the distance calculation unit estimates the first and second travelable distances.
- the display device is configured to be able to display the first and second travelable distances estimated by the distance calculation unit.
- the present invention is a vehicle control method.
- the vehicle includes a power storage device configured to be rechargeable, an electric motor configured to generate a driving force of the vehicle by using power stored in the power storage device, and power output from a power source external to the vehicle And a control device configured to control a charging state of the power storage device when the power storage device is charged.
- the control method includes a step of calculating an index value indicating the state of charge, and a step of increasing an upper limit value of the index value when a predetermined condition regarding deterioration of the power storage device is satisfied.
- the amount of change in the upper limit value is set so that the upper limit value falls below a predetermined value.
- the vehicle control method further includes a step of selecting one of a first mode in which a predetermined value is set as an upper limit value and a second mode in which the upper limit value can be adjusted.
- the step of increasing the upper limit value the amount of change is set when the second mode is selected.
- the amount of change is set in the second mode so that the travelable distance of the vehicle is equal to or greater than the target distance and the upper limit value is lower than the predetermined value.
- the vehicle further includes a command generation unit.
- the command generation unit is configured to switch between generation of a command for extending the use period of the power storage device and stop of the generation of the command by manual operation.
- the second mode is selected from the first and second modes, while the command generation unit stops generating the command. Selects the first mode from the first and second modes.
- the predetermined condition is a condition determined in advance based on a usage period of the vehicle.
- the predetermined condition is a condition determined in advance based on a travel distance of the vehicle.
- the vehicle further includes a display device.
- the control method further includes a step of estimating the travelable distance of the vehicle based on the upper limit value, and a step of outputting the travelable distance to the display device so that the travelable distance is displayed on the display device.
- the travelable distance includes a first travelable distance that the vehicle can travel before the upper limit value is changed, and a second travelable distance that the vehicle can travel after the upper limit value is changed. .
- first and second travelable distances are calculated.
- the present invention it is possible to suppress the deterioration of the power storage device mounted on the vehicle and to secure the cruising distance of the vehicle.
- FIG. 1 is an overall block diagram of a vehicle according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is the figure which showed the structural example of the monitoring unit shown in FIG. It is a functional block diagram of charge ECU shown in FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating the control range of SOC in a normal mode, and the control range of SOC in a long life mode.
- 3 is a flowchart for illustrating control of battery charging executed by a charging ECU shown in FIG. 1. It is a figure for demonstrating the correlation between the years of use of the vehicle which drive
- FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a cruising distance that can be achieved by control according to the first embodiment. It is a figure for demonstrating control of the upper limit of the control range based on the age of use of a battery. It is a figure for demonstrating control of the upper limit of the control range based on the travel distance of a vehicle.
- FIG. 10 is a flowchart for illustrating control executed according to the map shown in FIG. 9. FIG. It is a flowchart for demonstrating the control performed according to the map shown by FIG. It is a whole block diagram of the vehicle by Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the example of a display of the display apparatus shown in FIG. It is a functional block diagram of charge ECU shown in FIG.
- FIG. 16 is a flowchart for illustrating a display process executed by the charging ECU shown in FIG. 15.
- 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a hybrid vehicle that is an example of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is an overall block diagram of a vehicle according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- a vehicle 1 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention includes a battery 10, a system main relay (hereinafter also referred to as "SMR") 12, an inverter 16, and a motor generator (hereinafter referred to as "MG”). 20), drive wheels 22, and MG-ECU (Electronic Control Unit) 30.
- the vehicle 1 further includes a charging inlet 42, a sensor 43, a charger 44, a relay 46, a charging ECU 48, a switch 49, a current sensor 50, a monitoring unit 54, and an air conditioner 70.
- the battery 10 is a power storage device configured to be rechargeable.
- the battery 10 is constituted by an assembled battery in which a plurality of cells 11 are connected in series.
- battery 10 is a lithium ion battery.
- the battery 10 supplies the inverter 16 with power for driving the MG 20.
- the MG 20 When the electric power stored in the battery 10 is supplied to the MG 20, the MG 20 generates the driving force of the vehicle 1.
- the charger 44 supplies power to the battery 10.
- the battery 10 is charged by supplying power to the battery 10.
- the power source 60 is, for example, an AC power source.
- the SMR 12 is provided between the battery 10 and the inverter 16.
- the SMR 12 is connected to the battery 10 by a positive electrode line 13P and a negative electrode line 13N.
- SMR 12 is connected to inverter 16 by a positive line 15P and a negative line 15N.
- the SMR 12 is on.
- the SMR 12 is in an off state.
- the SMR 12 may be disposed between the battery 10 and the relay 46.
- the inverter 16 drives the MG 20 based on the control signal PWI1 from the MG-ECU 30.
- inverter 16 is configured by a three-phase bridge circuit including, for example, a U-phase arm, a V-phase arm, and a W-phase arm.
- Inverter 16 converts the DC power output from battery 10 into AC power and supplies the AC power to MG 20.
- the inverter 16 converts the AC power generated by the MG 20 into DC power and supplies the DC power to the battery 10.
- a voltage converter (DC / DC converter) may be provided between the battery 10 and the inverter 16 for conversion between the DC voltage of the battery and the DC voltage of the inverter.
- MG20 is an AC rotating electric machine, and is constituted by, for example, a three-phase AC synchronous motor having a rotor in which a permanent magnet is embedded.
- the rotation shaft of MG 20 is connected to drive wheel 22.
- the MG-ECU 30 generates a control signal PWI1 for driving the MG 20, and outputs the control signal PWI1 to the inverter 16.
- the connector 62 is provided outside the vehicle 1 and connected to the power source 60.
- the charging inlet 42 is connected to the input side of the charger 44 and is configured to be connectable to the connector 62.
- AC power from the power source 60 is input to the charging inlet 42.
- the sensor 43 detects the connection between the charging inlet 42 and the connector 62 and outputs a signal STR indicating that charging of the battery 10 can be started.
- the sensor 43 stops outputting the signal STR.
- the charger 44 is connected to the positive line 13P and the negative line 13N by the relay 46, and supplies the battery 10 with the electric power output from the power source 60.
- the charger 44 is configured by, for example, an AC / DC converter that converts AC power into DC power.
- the charger 44 converts AC power supplied from the power source 60 into DC power based on a control signal PWD from the charging ECU 48.
- the DC power output from the charger 44 is supplied to the battery 10 through the relay 46, the positive line 13P, and the negative line 13N. While the charger 44 charges the battery 10, the relay 46 is kept on.
- the charger 44 may be provided outside the vehicle 1.
- the charging inlet 42 receives DC power output from the charger 44.
- the electric power input to the charging inlet 42 is supplied to the battery 10 through the relay 46, the positive line 13P, and the negative line 13N.
- the charging inlet 42 and the relay 46 supply the electric power output from the power source 60 to the battery 10.
- the charging ECU 48 starts controlling the charger 44 based on the signal STR from the sensor 43. Specifically, the charging ECU 48 generates a control signal PWD for driving the charger 44 based on the detected values of current, voltage and temperature sent from the monitoring unit 54, and uses the control signal PWD as a charger. 44.
- the charger 44 converts AC power supplied from the power source 60 into DC power based on the control signal PWD.
- the charging ECU 48 controls the charger 44 based on an index value (SOC) indicating the charging state of the battery 10.
- SOC index value
- the SOC is defined as the ratio of the current charged amount of the battery 10 to the charged amount of the battery 10 in the fully charged state.
- the switch 49 is mounted on the vehicle 1 as a switch operated by the user. By manual operation, the switch 49 switches its state between an on state and an off state. When the switch 49 is in the ON state, the switch 49 generates a command (signal SLF) for setting the charging mode of the battery 10 so that deterioration of the battery 10 is suppressed.
- the use period of the battery 10 can be extended by suppressing the deterioration of the battery 10. That is, the signal SLF is a command for extending the use period of the battery 10.
- a charging mode for suppressing deterioration of the battery 10 will be referred to as a “long life mode”.
- the switch 49 stops generating the signal SLF. Thereby, the setting of the long life mode is canceled, and the charging mode of the vehicle 1 is switched from the long life mode to the normal mode. That is, the user can select the charging mode of the vehicle 1 from the long life mode and the normal mode by operating the switch 49.
- the charging ECU 48 sets the SOC control range for charging the battery 10.
- the control range in the long life mode is narrower than the control range in the normal mode.
- the upper limit value of the control range in the long life mode is smaller than the upper limit value of the control range in the normal mode.
- the lower limit value of the control range in the long life mode is not less than the lower limit value of the control range in the normal mode. That is, the charging ECU 48 controls the state of charge of the battery 10 when the battery 10 is charged.
- the upper limit value of the control range may be referred to as “the upper limit value of the SOC” or simply “the upper limit value”.
- the current sensor 50 detects the current input to the battery 10 and the current output from the battery 10, and outputs an analog signal that changes according to the magnitude of the current to the monitoring unit 54.
- the monitoring unit 54 converts the analog signal output from the current sensor 50 into a digital signal indicating a current value.
- the monitoring unit 54 outputs the digital signal (current value) to the charging ECU 48. Further, the monitoring unit 54 detects the temperature and voltage for each battery block constituted by a predetermined number of cells 11. The monitoring unit 54 outputs a digital signal indicating the temperature and voltage of each block to the charging ECU 48.
- Auxiliary machines that are operated by electric power supplied from the battery 10 are connected to the positive electrode line 13P and the negative electrode line 13N.
- an air conditioner 70 is shown as a representative example of an auxiliary machine.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a configuration example of the monitoring unit shown in FIG.
- battery 10 includes a plurality of cells 11 connected in series.
- the plurality of cells 11 are divided into a plurality of battery blocks BB (1) to BB (n) (n: natural number).
- the monitoring unit 54 includes sensor groups 56 (1) to 56 (n) arranged corresponding to the battery blocks BB (1) to BB (n), respectively, and analog-digital arranged corresponding to the current sensor 50. And a converter (A / D) 58.
- Each of the sensor groups 56 (1) to 56 (n) detects the temperature and voltage of the corresponding block. Sensor groups 56 (1) to 56 (n) detect temperatures Tb (1) to Tb (n), respectively. Furthermore, the sensor groups 56 (1) to 56 (n) detect voltages Vb (1) to Vb (n), respectively. The detection values of the sensor groups 56 (1) to 56 (n) are output to the charging ECU 48.
- the analog-digital converter 58 converts an analog signal from the current sensor 50 into a digital signal.
- the digital signal indicates the value of the current Ib.
- the current Ib is a current input to the battery 10 and a current output from the battery 10.
- a monitor for monitoring the voltage of the cell 11 is provided for each cell 11. May be. For example, each monitor turns on a flag indicating an abnormality of the cell 11 when the voltage of the corresponding cell 11 is outside the normal range. When the flag is turned on, the charging ECU 48 can detect an abnormality in the battery 10.
- FIG. 3 is a functional block diagram of the charging ECU shown in FIG.
- charging ECU 48 includes an SOC estimation unit 101, a control range setting unit 111, a determination unit 112, and a signal generation unit 113.
- the SOC estimation unit 101 receives detection values of the current Ib, the voltages Vb (1) to Vb (n), and the temperatures Tb (1) to Tb (n) from the monitoring unit 54.
- the SOC estimation unit 101 calculates the total SOC of the battery 10 based on each detection value.
- the SOC estimation unit 101 calculates the SOC of the block based on the detection value of each block, and calculates the overall SOC based on the SOC of each block.
- a known method for calculating the SOC of a lithium ion battery can be used as a method for calculating the SOC of each block.
- the SOC of each block may be calculated based on the integrated value of the current Ib.
- the SOC of each block may be calculated at regular intervals based on the correlation between the open circuit voltage (OCV) and the SOC and the voltage value detected by the monitoring unit 54.
- the method for calculating the total SOC from the SOC of each block is not particularly limited.
- the total SOC may be an average value of the SOC of each block.
- the control range setting unit 111 sets the SOC control range. When the switch 49 is off, the switch 49 stops generating the signal SLF. In this case, the control range setting unit 111 sets the SOC control range to the first range and outputs the upper limit value UL1 of the first range. On the other hand, when the user turns on the switch 49, the switch 49 generates a signal SLF. In this case, control range setting unit 111 sets the SOC control range to the second range and outputs upper limit value UL2 of the second range.
- the first range is the SOC control range in the normal mode.
- the second range is the SOC control range in the long life mode.
- the determination unit 112 receives the SOC from the SOC estimation unit 101 and receives either the upper limit value UL1 or UL2 from the control range setting unit 111. Determination unit 112 determines whether or not the SOC has reached the upper limit value (UL1 or UL2). The determination unit 112 outputs the determination result to the signal generation unit 113.
- the signal generator 113 generates the control signal PWD based on the signal STR from the sensor 43.
- the signal generator 113 outputs the control signal PWD to the charger 44.
- the determination unit 112 determines that the SOC has reached the upper limit value
- the signal generation unit 113 stops generating the control signal PWD based on the determination result of the determination unit 112.
- the charger 44 is stopped.
- the charger 44 stops the charging of the battery 10 is completed.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the SOC control range in the normal mode and the SOC control range in the long life mode.
- first range R1 is an SOC control range in the normal mode.
- the second range R2 is the SOC control range in the long mode.
- UL1 is the upper limit value of the first range R1
- UL2 is the upper limit value of the second range R2.
- UL1 is a predetermined value.
- the lower limit value of the first range R1 and the lower limit value of the second range R2 are both LL. However, the lower limit value of the second range R2 may be larger than the lower limit value of the first range R1.
- the upper limit value UL2 is smaller than the upper limit value UL1. Therefore, the second range R2 is narrower than the first range R1.
- both the upper limit values UL1 and UL2 are smaller than 100 (%).
- the lower limit value LL is larger than 0 (%).
- FIG. 5 is a flowchart for explaining control of battery charging executed by the charging ECU shown in FIG. The process of this flowchart is executed at regular time intervals or whenever a predetermined condition is satisfied.
- step S1 charging ECU 48 determines whether or not signal STR has been generated.
- the signal generation unit 113 determines that the signal STR has been generated. In this case (YES in step S1), the process proceeds to step S2.
- the signal generation unit 113 determines that the signal STR is not generated. In this case (NO in step S1), the process is returned to the main routine.
- step S2 the charging ECU 48 determines whether or not the signal SLF has been generated.
- the control range setting unit 111 determines that the signal SLF is not generated. In this case (NO in step S2), the process proceeds to step S3.
- the control range setting unit 111 receives the signal SLF, the control range setting unit 111 determines that the signal SLF has been generated. In this case (YES in step S2), the process proceeds to step S4.
- charging ECU 48 sets the upper limit value of the SOC control range to UL1. Thereby, the charging mode is set to the normal mode.
- charging ECU 48 sets the upper limit value of the SOC control range to UL2. Thereby, the charging mode is set to the long life mode.
- the upper limit value (UL1 or UL2) set by the control range setting unit 111 is sent from the control range setting unit 111 to the determination unit 112.
- step S5 is executed.
- charging ECU 48 (signal generation unit 113) generates control signal PWD.
- the charger 44 converts AC power supplied from the power source 60 into DC power based on the control signal PWD.
- the battery 10 is charged by supplying DC power to the battery 10 from the charger 44.
- step S6 the charging ECU 48 calculates the SOC of the battery 10. Specifically, the SOC estimation unit 101 determines the battery 10 based on the current value Ib, voltage values Vb (1) to Vb (n) and temperatures Tb (1) to Tb (n) sent from the monitoring unit 54. Calculate the total SOC.
- step S7 the charging ECU 48 determines whether or not the SOC has reached the upper limit value (UL1 or UL2). Specifically, in step S7, determination unit 112 compares the SOC calculated by SOC estimation unit 101 with the upper limit value. Based on the comparison result, determination unit 112 determines whether or not the SOC has reached the upper limit value.
- the upper limit value UL1 or UL2
- step S7 If it is determined that the SOC has reached the upper limit (YES in step S7), the process proceeds to step S8. On the other hand, when it is determined that the SOC has not reached the upper limit value (NO in step S7), the process returns to step S5. Until the SOC reaches the upper limit value, the processes in steps S5 to S7 are repeatedly executed for charging the battery 10.
- step S8 the charging ECU 48 stops generating the control signal PWD. Specifically, when the determination unit 112 determines that the SOC has reached the upper limit value, the signal generation unit 113 stops generating the control signal PWD based on the determination result of the determination unit 112. Thereby, charging of the battery 10 is completed. When the process of step S8 ends, the entire process is returned to the main routine.
- the vehicle 1 shown in FIG. 1 travels with electric power stored in the battery 10. In order to extend the cruising distance of the vehicle 1, it is necessary to extract as much power as possible from the battery 10. When the capacity of the battery 10 is increased, the amount of power extracted from the battery 10 can be increased. However, increasing the capacity of the battery 10 can result in an increase in the weight and volume of the battery 10.
- the upper limit value of the SOC when the battery 10 is charged is maximized. Specifically, the upper limit value is determined in advance so that battery 10 is not overcharged when the SOC reaches the upper limit value.
- the lower limit value (LL) of the SOC is determined in advance as a value for preventing overdischarge of the battery 10. Thereby, a large amount of power can be taken out from the battery 10. Therefore, the cruising distance of the vehicle 1 can be extended.
- a lithium ion battery is used as the battery 10.
- a lithium ion battery is characterized by high energy density. By mounting the lithium ion battery on the vehicle 1, a large amount of electric power can be taken out from the battery 10, and the battery 10 can be reduced in size and weight.
- the lithium ion battery when the lithium ion battery is stored for a long time in a high SOC state (for example, in a fully charged state), the characteristics of the lithium ion battery deteriorate. For example, the capacity of a lithium ion battery is reduced. By storing the lithium ion battery in a low SOC state, deterioration of the characteristics of the lithium ion battery can be suppressed.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining a correlation between the years of use of a vehicle that runs on electric power stored in the lithium ion battery and the capacity maintenance rate of the lithium ion battery.
- the capacity retention rate when the lithium ion battery is new is defined as 100 (%).
- the capacity maintenance ratio decreases as the service life of the vehicle increases. That is, the capacity of the lithium ion battery is reduced.
- the higher the SOC at the completion of charging of the lithium ion battery the greater the degree of decrease in the capacity maintenance rate with respect to the service life.
- the period from when the charging of the battery 10 is completed to when the vehicle 1 starts running may vary depending on the user. For this reason, the battery 10 may be stored for a long time in a high SOC state. If the battery 10 is stored for a long time in a high SOC state, the capacity of the battery 10 may be reduced.
- the vehicle 1 has a long life mode for extending the usage period of the battery 10.
- Setting the long life mode narrows the SOC control range. Specifically, the upper limit value of the control range decreases. By narrowing the SOC control range, it is possible to lower the SOC when the charging of the battery 10 is completed. Therefore, a decrease in the capacity of the battery 10 can be suppressed.
- the decrease in the cruising distance of the vehicle 1 can be suppressed by suppressing the decrease in the capacity of the battery 10. As a result, the cruising distance of the vehicle 1 can be ensured.
- the vehicle can travel the target distance when the target age has elapsed.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining the cruising distance in the long life mode and the cruising distance in the normal mode.
- battery 10 when the degree of deterioration of battery 10 is small, battery 10 can store a large amount of power. Therefore, when the service life of the vehicle 1 is short, the cruising distance in the normal mode is longer than the cruising distance in the long life mode.
- deterioration of the battery 10 can be suppressed by charging the battery 10 in the long life mode. For this reason, when the battery 10 is charged in the long life mode, a decrease in the capacity of the battery 10 can be suppressed.
- the cruising distance in the long life mode can be made longer than the cruising distance in the normal mode. That is, when the battery 10 is charged in the long life mode, deterioration of the battery 10 can be suppressed and the cruising distance of the vehicle 1 can be secured.
- the vehicle 1 includes the switch 49 operated by the user.
- the charging mode of the battery 10 is selected from the normal mode and the long life mode.
- the long life mode is selected, the deterioration of the battery 10 can be suppressed, so that the cruising distance can be secured even if the vehicle has been used for a long time.
- the capacity of the battery 10 is sufficient (when the service life is short)
- the charge amount of the battery 10 can be increased by selecting the normal mode. Therefore, the running performance of the vehicle 1 can be improved. For example, the vehicle 1 can travel a cruising distance longer than a normal cruising distance.
- the convenience for the user can be improved.
- the SOC control range during travel is set independently of the control range during battery 10 charging.
- the SOC increases as a result of the battery 10 being charged by the regenerative power generation of the MG 20.
- the SOC may be higher than the upper limit value when the battery 10 is charged.
- the SOC decreases again. That is, when the vehicle 1 is traveling, the battery 10 is unlikely to be stored in a high SOC state for a long time. Therefore, the SOC control range during traveling can be set independently of the control range in the long life mode and the control range in the normal mode.
- the upper limit value (UL2) of the SOC control range is increased.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a cruising distance that can be achieved by the control according to the first embodiment.
- the upper limit value of the SOC control range increases at a predetermined timing based on the deterioration state of the battery.
- the cruising distance is decreasing (see the broken line 201).
- the amount of charge of the battery 10 can be increased by increasing the upper limit value (see the solid line 202). Therefore, the cruising distance can be extended.
- the capacity of the battery 10 decreases due to the deterioration of the battery 10.
- the upper limit value of the SOC control range is fixed, the amount of electric power that can be extracted from the battery 10 decreases as the number of years of use increases. For this reason, as shown by the broken line, the cruising distance decreases as the service life becomes longer.
- the cruising distance can be extended by increasing the upper limit value of the control range at an appropriate timing. Therefore, the target cruising distance can be secured when the target service life has elapsed.
- the causes of deterioration of the battery 10 include the years of use of the battery 10 and the travel distance of the vehicle 1. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the upper limit value of the control range is changed based on at least one of the years of use of battery 10 and the travel distance of vehicle 1. Below, the control of the upper limit value based on the years of use of the battery 10 and the control of the upper limit value based on the travel distance will be described.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining the control of the upper limit value of the control range based on the years of use of the battery.
- upper limit UL ⁇ b> 2 increases every time the battery 10 has been used for a certain number of years (y 0 ).
- the change amount of the upper limit value UL2 is constant. This amount of change is determined in advance such that the cruising distance of the vehicle 1 is equal to or greater than the target distance.
- the upper limit value UL2 is lower than the upper limit value UL1 of the control range in the normal mode. That is, the change amount of the upper limit value UL2 is set so that the upper limit value UL2 does not exceed the predetermined value (UL1).
- FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining the control of the upper limit value of the control range based on the travel distance of the vehicle.
- upper limit value UL2 increases every time the travel distance of the vehicle reaches a certain distance (x 0 ).
- the change amount of the upper limit value UL2 is constant.
- the change amount of the upper limit value UL2 is set so that the cruising distance of the vehicle 1 is equal to or greater than the target distance and the upper limit value UL2 does not exceed UL1 (predetermined value).
- the control pattern of the upper limit value UL2 shown in FIG. 9 or 10 is stored in the control range setting unit 111 as a map. In accordance with this map, the control range setting unit 111 changes the upper limit value UL2 of the control range.
- each of FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 shows the control pattern which raises the upper limit UL2 based only on either one of a travel distance and a use years.
- upper limit value UL2 may be increased based on both the travel distance and the years of use. That is, the upper limit value UL2 of the SOC control range may be increased either when the battery usage years reach a certain value or when the travel distance reaches a certain value. However, the upper limit value UL2 is smaller than the upper limit value UL1.
- the control range setting unit 111 calculates the travel distance of the vehicle based on the vehicle speed detected by a vehicle speed sensor (not shown), for example. Furthermore, the control range setting unit 111 measures, for example, a period in which the vehicle speed is different from 0 as the years of use of the vehicle.
- the above method is an example of a method for measuring the travel distance and age of a vehicle. The travel distance and age of the vehicle can be measured by various known methods.
- the upper limit value 8 to 10 show control patterns for increasing the upper limit value a plurality of times.
- the upper limit value may be increased once.
- the number of times to increase the upper limit value can be determined based on the standard years of use of the vehicle 1, the capacity of the battery 10, the target cruising distance, and the like.
- the charging ECU 48 suppresses the increase of the upper limit value. Specifically, the upper limit value is kept constant. However, if the SOC fluctuation range is small because the travel distance of the vehicle 1 is short, the charging ECU 48 may decrease the upper limit value of the battery 10 by learning the range. Even in this case, the charging ECU 48 increases the upper limit value when a predetermined condition regarding the deterioration of the battery 10 is satisfied. On the other hand, when the predetermined condition regarding the deterioration of the battery 10 is not satisfied, the increase in the upper limit value is suppressed.
- FIG. 11 is a flowchart for explaining the control executed in accordance with the map shown in FIG.
- the process of this flowchart is executed every predetermined time or every time a predetermined condition is satisfied.
- charging ECU 48 determines whether the age of battery 10 has reached a reference value (y 0 ).
- the charging ECU 48 (control range setting unit 111) measures, for example, the running years of the vehicle 1. The measured value is used as the service life of the battery 10. When the measured value reaches the reference value (y 0 ), the charging ECU 48 (control range setting unit 111) determines that the service life of the battery 10 has reached the reference value.
- step S101 If it is determined that the age of battery 10 has reached the reference value (YES in step S101), the process proceeds to step S102. On the other hand, when it is determined that the age of battery 10 has not reached the reference value (NO in step S101), the process proceeds to step S104.
- step S102 the charging ECU 48 (control range setting unit 111) increases the upper limit value UL2.
- the amount of change of upper limit value UL2 is, for example, a constant value.
- step S103 is executed.
- step S103 the charging ECU 48 (control range setting unit 111) returns the measured value of the running years of the vehicle 1 to zero.
- the entire process is returned to the main routine.
- step S104 the charging ECU 48 (control range setting unit 111) suppresses an increase in the upper limit value UL2. That is, the upper limit value UL2 does not change.
- the entire process is returned to the main routine.
- FIG. 12 is a flowchart for explaining control executed in accordance with the map shown in FIG.
- the process of this flowchart is executed every predetermined time or every time a predetermined condition is satisfied.
- step S101A charging ECU 48 (control range setting unit 111) determines whether or not the travel distance of vehicle 1 has reached the reference value (x 0 ). If it is determined that the travel distance of vehicle 1 has reached the reference value (YES in step S101A), the process proceeds to step S102A. On the other hand, when it is determined that the travel distance of vehicle 1 has not reached the reference value (NO in step S101A), the process proceeds to step S104A.
- step S102A the charging ECU 48 (control range setting unit 111) increases the upper limit value UL2.
- the amount of change of upper limit value UL2 is, for example, a constant value.
- step S103A the process of step S103A is executed.
- step S103A the charging ECU 48 (control range setting unit 111) returns the measured value of the travel distance of the vehicle 1 to zero.
- the entire process is returned to the main routine.
- step S104A the charging ECU 48 (control range setting unit 111) suppresses an increase in the upper limit value UL2. That is, the upper limit value UL2 does not change.
- the entire process is returned to the main routine.
- the charging ECU increases the upper limit value (UL2) of the SOC control range in the long life mode when a predetermined condition regarding the deterioration of the battery is satisfied. Thereby, the fall of cruising distance can be suppressed. Furthermore, the upper limit value (UL2) is smaller than the upper limit value (UL1) when the battery 10 is charged in the normal mode. Thereby, the effect which suppresses deterioration of the battery 10 can be acquired.
- FIG. 13 is an overall block diagram of a vehicle according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
- vehicle 1 ⁇ / b> A is different from vehicle 1 in that display device 72 is further provided, and charge ECU 48 ⁇ / b> A is provided instead of charge ECU 48.
- the charging ECU 48A causes the display device 72 to display both the cruising distance before the upper limit value of the SOC control range increases and the cruising distance after the upper limit value increases.
- the two types of cruising distances may be displayed on the display device 72 by a normal operation of the user. Alternatively, these two types of cruising distances may be displayed on the display device 72 by a special operation of the display device 72 during maintenance of the vehicle 1A.
- FIG. 14 is a diagram for explaining a display example of the display device shown in FIG. Referring to FIG. 14, original upper limit value ULa and cruising distance xa (km) corresponding to upper limit value ULa are displayed on the screen of display device 72. Further, the upper limit value ULb changed from the upper limit value ULa and the cruising distance xb (km) corresponding to the upper limit value ULb are displayed on the screen of the display device 72.
- FIG. 15 is a functional block diagram of the charging ECU shown in FIG. Referring to FIGS. 15 and 3, charge ECU 48 ⁇ / b> A is different from charge ECU 48 in that it further includes a storage unit 124 and a cruising distance calculation unit 125.
- the storage unit 124 stores the original upper limit value (hereinafter referred to as the upper limit value (1)) and the upper limit value changed from the original upper limit value (hereinafter referred to as the upper limit value (2)). Furthermore, the memory
- the upper limit value (1), the upper limit value (2), and the first and second cruising distances are associated with years of use or travel distance by a table (may be a map).
- the storage unit 124 stores the above table or map. In the following description, it is assumed that the storage unit 124 stores a table.
- the control range setting unit 111 increases the upper limit value of the SOC control range, and outputs the upper limit value (1) and the upper limit value (2) to the cruising distance calculation unit 125.
- the cruising distance calculation unit 125 receives the upper limit value (1) and the upper limit value (2) and refers to the table stored in the storage unit 124.
- the cruising distance calculation unit 125 acquires the first cruising distance based on the upper limit value (1) and the table. Further, the cruising distance calculation unit 125 acquires the second cruising distance based on the upper limit value (2) and the table.
- the cruising distance calculation unit 125 outputs the upper limit value (1) and the upper limit value (2), and the first cruising distance and the second cruising distance to the display device 72.
- the display device 72 displays the original upper limit value (upper limit value (1)) ULa and the cruising distance xa corresponding to the upper limit value ULa (see FIG. 9). Further, the display device 72 displays the changed upper limit value (upper limit value (2)) ULb and the cruising distance xb corresponding to the upper limit value ULb (see FIG. 9).
- FIG. 16 is a diagram for explaining a first example of a table stored in the storage unit illustrated in FIG. 15.
- an upper limit value (1), an upper limit value (2), a first cruising distance (cruising distance (1)), and a second cruising distance (cruising distance (2)) are predetermined. It is predetermined for each age y 0 of. For example, when the age reaches y 0 years, upper limit of the SOC rises ULb from ULa. Cruising distance when age is y 0 years is xa. As the upper limit value of the SOC increases from ULa to ULb, the cruising distance changes from xa to xb. xb> xa.
- the upper limit of the SOC is kept in ULb.
- the upper limit of the SOC rises to ULc from ULb.
- the cruising distance changes from xm to xc. xc> xm.
- the upper limit of SOC is kept at ULc.
- the upper limit value of the SOC increases from ULc to ULd.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram for describing a second example of the table stored in the storage unit illustrated in FIG. 15.
- the upper limit value of the SOC is increased.
- the cruising distance extends from Xa1 to Xb1.
- the cruising distance extends from Xm1 to Xc1 by changing the upper limit value of the SOC from ULb to ULc.
- FIG. 18 is a flowchart for explaining a display process executed by the charge ECU shown in FIG. This process is executed, for example, after the increase of the upper limit value of the SOC is completed. That is, it is executed after the control range setting unit 111 executes the control shown in the flowchart of FIG. 11 or FIG.
- step S111 cruising distance calculation unit 125 obtains an upper limit value (1) and an upper limit value (2).
- step S112 the cruising distance calculation unit 125 acquires the cruising distance (1) and the cruising distance (2) by referring to the table stored in the storage unit 124.
- step S113 the cruising distance calculation unit 125 outputs the upper limit value (1) and the upper limit value (2), and the cruising distance (1) and the cruising distance (2).
- the display device 72 displays these upper limit values and cruising distances.
- the same effect as in the first embodiment can be obtained. Further, according to the second embodiment, the cruising distance is displayed on the display device. Thereby, for example, the effects described below can be obtained.
- the cruising distance after the upper limit value of the SOC increases is displayed on the display device. Thereby, a user etc. can confirm that control for extending cruising distance was performed.
- both the cruising distance before the upper limit value of the SOC control range is increased and the cruising distance after the upper limit value is increased are displayed on the display device. For example, when the user is concerned about a decrease in cruising distance due to battery deterioration, cruising distance information can be provided to the user.
- a vehicle including only a motor as a driving source for generating a driving force is shown.
- the present invention can be applied to a vehicle including a power storage device and an electric motor that generates a driving force by electric power stored in the power storage device. Therefore, for example, the present invention can be applied to a hybrid vehicle including an internal combustion engine and an electric motor as drive sources.
- FIG. 19 is a diagram showing a configuration of a hybrid vehicle which is an example of a vehicle according to the embodiment of the present invention.
- vehicle 1 ⁇ / b> B differs from vehicle 1 in that it further includes a converter (CONV) 14, an inverter 18, an MG 24, a power split device 26, and an engine 28.
- CONV converter
- the engine 28 generates power by burning fuel such as gasoline.
- Converter 14 mutually converts a DC voltage between positive electrode line 13P and negative electrode line 13N and a DC voltage between positive electrode line 15P and negative electrode line 15N based on control signal PWC received from MG-ECU 30.
- the inverter 18 has the same configuration as that of the inverter 16 and is constituted by, for example, a three-phase bridge circuit.
- the MG 24 is an AC rotating electric machine, and is constituted by, for example, a three-phase AC synchronous motor having a rotor in which a permanent magnet is embedded.
- Inverter 18 drives MG 24 based on control signal PWI 2 received from MG-ECU 30.
- the drive shaft of the MG 24 is connected to the power split device 26.
- Power split device 26 includes a planetary gear mechanism including a sun gear, a pinion gear, a planetary carrier, and a ring gear.
- a rotation shaft of MG 24, a crankshaft of engine 28, and a drive shaft coupled to drive wheel 22 are connected to power split device 26.
- the power split device 26 distributes the power output from the engine 28 to the MG 24 and the drive wheels 22. For this reason, the engine 28 can drive the vehicle 1B.
- the battery 10 can be charged by the power source 60 provided outside the vehicle 1B. Furthermore, the vehicle 1B can travel with the engine 28 stopped by the driving force of the MG 20. Therefore, the present invention can also be applied to the vehicle 1B having the configuration shown in FIG.
- the vehicle 1B may include a charging ECU 48A instead of the charging ECU 48.
- FIG. 19 shows a series / parallel type hybrid vehicle in which the power of the engine 28 can be transmitted to the drive wheels 22 and the MG 20 by the power split device 26.
- the present invention is also applicable to other types of hybrid vehicles.
- the present invention can be applied to a so-called series type hybrid vehicle that uses the engine 28 only to drive the MG 24 and generates the driving force of the vehicle only by the MG 20.
- the present invention can be applied not only to the battery 10 but also to a fuel cell vehicle equipped with a fuel cell as a DC power source.
- a lithium ion battery is applied as a power storage device for supplying electric power to an electric motor.
- the present invention is not limited to be applicable only to a vehicle having a lithium ion battery.
- the present invention can be applied to a vehicle as long as the vehicle includes a power storage device that is likely to deteriorate due to being stored in a high SOC state, and an electric motor that generates a driving force by the power storage device. .
- the charging mode may be automatically switched by the charging ECU.
- the charging ECU may switch the charging mode from the normal mode to the long life mode when the charging mode is set to the normal mode and the traveling distance exceeds a reference value until the traveling year reaches a predetermined number of years.
- Conditions for the charge ECU to switch the charge mode are not particularly limited.
- the charging ECU is configured to be able to switch the charging mode between the normal mode and the long life mode.
- the vehicle according to the present invention may have only the long life mode as the charging mode.
- the charging ECU increases the upper limit value of the SOC control range when a predetermined condition regarding the deterioration of the battery 10 is satisfied. Accordingly, it is possible to suppress a decrease in cruising distance (to ensure a cruising distance that is equal to or greater than the target distance) and to suppress deterioration of the battery 10.
- the change amount of the upper limit value can be set so that the upper limit value is lower than the predetermined value.
- the predetermined value is determined in consideration of overcharge of the battery, for example. In this case, the SOC reaches the upper limit value when the battery is charged, but the upper limit value does not exceed the predetermined value. Therefore, the battery can be prevented from being overcharged.
- 1, 1A, 1B vehicle 10 battery, 11 cell, 12 system main relay, 13N, 15N negative wire, 13P, 15P positive wire, 14 converter, 16, 18 inverter, 20, 24 motor generator, 22 drive wheels, 26 power Splitting device, 28 engine, 42 charging inlet, 43 sensor, 44 charger, 46 relay, 48, 48A charging ECU, 49 switch, 50 current sensor, 54 monitoring unit, 56 (1) to 56 (n) sensor group, 58 Analog-digital converter, 60 power supply, 62 connector, 70 air conditioner, 72 display device, 101 SOC estimation unit, 111 control range setting unit, 112 determination unit, 113 signal generation unit, 124 storage unit, 125 cruising distance calculation unit, BB (1) to BB (n) Battery block.
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Abstract
Description
好ましくは、設定部は、所定値が上限値として設定された第1のモードと、上限値を調整可能な第2のモードとを切替可能であり、かつ、第2のモードにおいて変化量を設定する。
好ましくは、所定の条件は、車両の走行距離に基づいて予め定められた条件である。
好ましくは、所定の条件は、車両の走行距離に基づいて予め定められた条件である。
図1は、本発明の実施の形態1による車両の全体ブロック図である。図1を参照して、本発明の実施の形態1による車両1は、バッテリ10と、システムメインリレー(以下「SMR」とも称する。)12と、インバータ16と、モータジェネレータ(以下「MG」とも称する。)20と、駆動輪22と、MG-ECU(Electronic Control Unit)30とを備える。車両1は、さらに、充電インレット42と、センサ43と、充電器44と、リレー46と、充電ECU48と、スイッチ49と、電流センサ50と、監視ユニット54と、エアコン70とを備える。
図13は、本発明の実施の形態2による車両の全体ブロック図である。図13および図1を参照して、車両1Aは、表示装置72をさらに備える点、および充電ECU48に代えて充電ECU48Aを備える点において、車両1と異なる。
実施の形態1および2では、駆動力を発生させる駆動源としてモータのみを備える車両を示した。しかしながら本発明は、蓄電装置と、その蓄電装置に蓄えられた電力により駆動力を発生させる電動機とを備える車両に適用可能である。したがって、たとえば内燃機関と電動機とを駆動源として備えるハイブリッド車両に本発明を適用できる。
Claims (18)
- 車両であって、
再充電可能に構成された蓄電装置(10)と、
前記蓄電装置(10)に蓄えられた電力を用いることによって前記車両の駆動力を発生させるように構成された電動機(20)と、
前記車両の外部の電源(60)から出力された電力を、前記蓄電装置(10)に供給するように構成された充電機構(44)と、
前記蓄電装置(10)が充電されるときの前記蓄電装置(10)の充電状態を制御するように構成された制御装置(48,48A)とを備え、
前記制御装置(48,48A)は、
前記充電状態を示す指標値を算出するように構成された状態推定部(101)と、
前記蓄電装置(10)の劣化に関する所定の条件が成立したときに、前記指標値の上限値を上昇させるように構成された設定部(111)とを含む、車両。 - 前記設定部(111)は、前記上限値が所定値を下回るように、前記上限値の変化量を設定する、請求の範囲第1項に記載の車両。
- 前記設定部(111)は、前記所定値が前記上限値として設定された第1のモードと、前記上限値を調整可能な第2のモードとを切替可能であり、かつ、前記第2のモードにおいて前記変化量を設定する、請求の範囲第2項に記載の車両。
- 前記設定部(111)は、前記第2のモードにおいて、前記車両の走行可能距離が目標距離以上となり、かつ、前記上限値が前記所定値を下回るように、前記変化量を設定する、請求の範囲第3項に記載の車両。
- 前記車両は、
手動操作によって、前記蓄電装置(10)の使用期間を延ばすための指令の発生と、前記指令の発生の停止とを切換えるように構成された指令発生部(49)をさらに備え、
前記設定部(111)は、前記指令発生部(49)が前記指令を発生させた場合には、前記第1および第2のモードの中から前記第2のモードを選択する一方で、前記指令発生部(49)が前記指令の発生を停止した場合には、前記第1および第2のモードの中から前記第1のモードを選択する、請求の範囲第4項に記載の車両。 - 前記所定の条件は、前記車両の使用期間に基づいて予め定められた条件である、請求の範囲第1項に記載の車両。
- 前記所定の条件は、前記車両の走行距離に基づいて予め定められた条件である、請求の範囲第1項に記載の車両。
- 前記制御装置(48A)は、
前記設定部(111)によって設定された前記上限値に基づいて、前記車両の走行可能距離を推定するように構成された距離算出部(125)をさらに含み、
前記車両は、
前記距離算出部(125)によって推定された前記走行可能距離を表示可能に構成された表示装置(72)をさらに備える、請求の範囲第1項に記載の車両。 - 前記走行可能距離は、
前記上限値が変更される前に前記車両が走行可能な第1の走行可能距離と、
前記上限値が変更された後に前記車両が走行可能な第2の走行可能距離とを含み、
前記距離算出部(125)は、前記第1および第2の走行可能距離を推定し、
前記表示装置(72)は、前記距離算出部(125)によって推定された前記第1および第2の走行可能距離を表示可能に構成される、請求の範囲第8項に記載の車両。 - 車両の制御方法であって、前記車両は、
再充電可能に構成された蓄電装置(10)と、
前記蓄電装置(10)に蓄えられた電力を用いることによって前記車両の駆動力を発生させるように構成された電動機(20)と、
前記車両の外部の電源(60)から出力された電力を、前記蓄電装置(10)に供給するように構成された充電機構(44)と、
前記蓄電装置(10)が充電されるときの前記蓄電装置(10)の充電状態を制御するように構成された制御装置(48,48A)とを備え、
前記制御方法は、
前記充電状態を示す指標値を算出するステップ(S6)と、
前記蓄電装置(10)の劣化に関する所定の条件が成立したときに、前記指標値の上限値を上昇させるステップ(S102,S102A)とを備える、車両の制御方法。 - 前記上限値を上昇させるステップ(S102,S102A)は、前記上限値が所定値を下回るように、前記上限値の変化量を設定する、請求の範囲第10項に記載の車両の制御方法。
- 前記所定値が前記上限値として設定された第1のモードと、前記上限値を調整可能な第2のモードとのいずれか一方を選択するステップ(S3,S4)をさらに備え、
前記上限値を上昇させるステップ(S102,S102A)は、前記第2のモードが選択されたときに前記変化量を設定する、請求の範囲第11項に記載の車両の制御方法。 - 前記上限値を上昇させるステップ(S102,S102A)は、前記第2のモードにおいて、前記車両の走行可能距離が目標距離以上となり、かつ、前記上限値が前記所定値を下回るように、前記変化量を設定する、請求の範囲第12項に記載の車両の制御方法。
- 前記車両は、
手動操作によって、前記蓄電装置(10)の使用期間を延ばすための指令の発生と、前記指令の発生の停止とを切換えるように構成された指令発生部(49)をさらに備え、
前記選択するステップ(S3,S4)は、前記指令発生部(49)が前記指令を発生させた場合には、前記第1および第2のモードの中から前記第2のモードを選択する一方で、前記指令発生部(49)が前記指令の発生を停止した場合には、前記第1および第2のモードの中から前記第1のモードを選択する、請求の範囲第13項に記載の車両の制御方法。 - 前記所定の条件は、前記車両の使用期間に基づいて予め定められた条件である、請求の範囲第10項に記載の車両の制御方法。
- 前記所定の条件は、前記車両の走行距離に基づいて予め定められた条件である、請求の範囲第10項に記載の車両の制御方法。
- 前記車両は、表示装置(72)をさらに備え、
前記制御方法は、
前記上限値に基づいて、前記車両の走行可能距離を推定するステップ(S112)と、
前記表示装置(72)に前記走行可能距離が表示されるように、前記走行可能距離を前記表示装置(72)に出力するステップ(S113)とをさらに備える、請求の範囲第10項に記載の車両の制御方法。 - 前記走行可能距離は、
前記上限値が変更される前に前記車両が走行可能な第1の走行可能距離と、
前記上限値が変更された後に前記車両が走行可能な第2の走行可能距離とを含み、
前記推定するステップ(S112)は、前記第1および第2の走行可能距離を算出する、請求の範囲第17項に記載の車両の制御方法。
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Also Published As
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EP2502775A4 (en) | 2017-08-23 |
US8798833B2 (en) | 2014-08-05 |
EP2502775B1 (en) | 2021-05-12 |
US20120283903A1 (en) | 2012-11-08 |
CN102648105B (zh) | 2014-10-29 |
CN102648105A (zh) | 2012-08-22 |
EP2502775A1 (en) | 2012-09-26 |
JP5370492B2 (ja) | 2013-12-18 |
JPWO2011061810A1 (ja) | 2013-04-04 |
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