WO2010117865A2 - Copper bromide humidity indicating card - Google Patents
Copper bromide humidity indicating card Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2010117865A2 WO2010117865A2 PCT/US2010/029567 US2010029567W WO2010117865A2 WO 2010117865 A2 WO2010117865 A2 WO 2010117865A2 US 2010029567 W US2010029567 W US 2010029567W WO 2010117865 A2 WO2010117865 A2 WO 2010117865A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- humidity
- bromide
- copper
- humidity indicator
- indicator
- Prior art date
Links
- ODWXUNBKCRECNW-UHFFFAOYSA-M bromocopper(1+) Chemical compound Br[Cu+] ODWXUNBKCRECNW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 150000003842 bromide salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cu2+ Chemical compound [Cu+2] JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910001431 copper ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium bromide Chemical group [Na+].[Br-] JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- KUNICNFETYAKKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid;pentahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.OS(O)(=O)=O KUNICNFETYAKKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 9
- JZCCFEFSEZPSOG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.[Cu+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O JZCCFEFSEZPSOG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- AJDUTMFFZHIJEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(9,10-dioxoanthracen-1-yl)-4-[4-[[4-[4-[(9,10-dioxoanthracen-1-yl)carbamoyl]phenyl]phenyl]diazenyl]phenyl]benzamide Chemical compound O=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C2=C1C=CC=C2NC(=O)C(C=C1)=CC=C1C(C=C1)=CC=C1N=NC(C=C1)=CC=C1C(C=C1)=CC=C1C(=O)NC1=CC=CC2=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C2=O AJDUTMFFZHIJEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001043 yellow dye Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004831 Hot glue Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000366 copper(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001044 red dye Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 41
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 11
- GVPFVAHMJGGAJG-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Co+2] GVPFVAHMJGGAJG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 7
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- -1 Cu2+ ions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000365 copper sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- QTMDXZNDVAMKGV-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(ii) bromide Chemical class [Cu+2].[Br-].[Br-] QTMDXZNDVAMKGV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- RZSYLLSAWYUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Fast green FCF Chemical group [Na+].[Na+].C=1C=C(C(=C2C=CC(C=C2)=[N+](CC)CC=2C=C(C=CC=2)S([O-])(=O)=O)C=2C(=CC(O)=CC=2)S([O-])(=O)=O)C=CC=1N(CC)CC1=CC=CC(S([O-])(=O)=O)=C1 RZSYLLSAWYUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229920002153 Hydroxypropyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229940006460 bromide ion Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000001049 brown dye Substances 0.000 description 2
- ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Cu]Cl ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002274 desiccant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000989 food dye Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001863 hydroxypropyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010977 hydroxypropyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000825 pharmaceutical preparation Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940127557 pharmaceutical product Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium bromide Chemical compound [K+].[Br-] IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNDYJBBGRKZCSX-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc bromide Chemical compound Br[Zn]Br VNDYJBBGRKZCSX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000004135 Bone phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910021594 Copper(II) fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920002907 Guar gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- MBBGGMYYARWHDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;ethene;ethenyl acetate Chemical compound C=C.CC(O)=O.CC(=O)OC=C MBBGGMYYARWHDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- SWLVFNYSXGMGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium bromide Chemical compound [NH4+].[Br-] SWLVFNYSXGMGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001649 bromium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001622 calcium bromide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WGEFECGEFUFIQW-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dibromide Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Br-].[Br-] WGEFECGEFUFIQW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000679 carrageenan Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010418 carrageenan Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001525 carrageenan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940113118 carrageenan Drugs 0.000 description 1
- CEZCCHQBSQPRMU-UHFFFAOYSA-L chembl174821 Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].COC1=CC(S([O-])(=O)=O)=C(C)C=C1N=NC1=C(O)C=CC2=CC(S([O-])(=O)=O)=CC=C12 CEZCCHQBSQPRMU-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromate(2-) Chemical class [O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001879 copper Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- LLFWWOQWOSKZPC-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper amino sulfate Chemical compound [Cu++].NOS([O-])(=O)=O.NOS([O-])(=O)=O LLFWWOQWOSKZPC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- XTVVROIMIGLXTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) nitrate Chemical class [Cu+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O XTVVROIMIGLXTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GWFAVIIMQDUCRA-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(ii) fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Cu+2] GWFAVIIMQDUCRA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- CZZBXGOYISFHRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;hydroiodide Chemical compound [Cu].I CZZBXGOYISFHRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HFKYIDIFIFHBCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;pentahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.[Cu+2] HFKYIDIFIFHBCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000576 food coloring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000417 fungicide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000665 guar gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010417 guar gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960002154 guar gum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002085 irritant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000021 irritant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- OTCKOJUMXQWKQG-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium bromide Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Br-].[Br-] OTCKOJUMXQWKQG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001623 magnesium bromide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000873 masking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- FWFGVMYFCODZRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxidanium;hydrogen sulfate Chemical compound O.OS(O)(=O)=O FWFGVMYFCODZRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003053 toxin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000765 toxin Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000230 xanthan gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010493 xanthan gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001285 xanthan gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940082509 xanthan gum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940102001 zinc bromide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- UHVMMEOXYDMDKI-JKYCWFKZSA-L zinc;1-(5-cyanopyridin-2-yl)-3-[(1s,2s)-2-(6-fluoro-2-hydroxy-3-propanoylphenyl)cyclopropyl]urea;diacetate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C([C@H]2[C@H](C2)NC(=O)NC=2N=CC(=CC=2)C#N)=C1O UHVMMEOXYDMDKI-JKYCWFKZSA-L 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/75—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated
- G01N21/77—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator
- G01N21/78—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator producing a change of colour
- G01N21/81—Indicating humidity
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N31/00—Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroup; Apparatus specially adapted for such methods
- G01N31/22—Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroup; Apparatus specially adapted for such methods using chemical indicators
- G01N31/222—Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroup; Apparatus specially adapted for such methods using chemical indicators for investigating moisture content
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N31/00—Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroup; Apparatus specially adapted for such methods
- G01N31/22—Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroup; Apparatus specially adapted for such methods using chemical indicators
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01W—METEOROLOGY
- G01W1/00—Meteorology
- G01W1/11—Weather houses or other ornaments for indicating humidity
Definitions
- the present invention relates to humidity indicators used for indicating the relative humidity in an environment, and more particularly, to copper bromide humidity indicators which change color at different relative humidities in an environment.
- One type of humidity indicator is a humidity indicating card, which is used for many purposes including, determining the relative humidity in shipping containers and packages, such as packaged electronics and telecommunication products.
- the humidity indicator cards are typically impregnated with a humidity sensitive composition and dried.
- Most humidity indicating cards made today use cobalt chloride as the indicator, which changes color based on the level of hydration of the cobalt chloride.
- Cobalt chloride can change from a blue color, when it has one water of hydration, to a pink color when it has six waters of hydration. That is, the blue color becomes increasingly red with each additional water of hydration. Therefore, one can determine the approximate humidity based on the color present on the card.
- An array of humidity indication areas can be included on the card, wherein increasing humidity levels are required to change different areas of indication on the card from blue to pink.
- a problem with humidity indicators using cobalt chloride is that the cobalt chloride is a known irritant and a toxin. Further, the use of cobalt chloride is subject to regulation when used with food and pharmaceutical products. Thus, cobalt chloride humidity indicators have limited applications and are not useful in the food and pharmaceutical industries.
- the present invention comprises a method of humidity indication comprising providing a substrate and an area of humidity indication comprising copper bromide, bromide salt, a dye, and cellulose fiber.
- the invention comprises a humidity indicator array comprising a substrate having a plurality of areas of humidity indication on the substrate, wherein each area comprises copper bromide, dye, and bromide salt, wherein the mole ratio of bromide ions to copper ions in the area is about 7.5: 1 .
- FIG. 1 is a top view of a humidity indicator card of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
- the present invention overcomes disadvantages of prior practices.
- the present invention provides a non-toxic humidity indicator.
- the invention also provides a device that can be used in food and pharmaceutical product packages. Further, the invention provides a device that indicates when a desiccant needs to be changed.
- the invention also provides a color change in areas of a card or other substrate that is easily detectable by a user. Further, the invention allows one to vary the color of the indicator areas.
- the present invention includes a humidity indicating device having at least one humidity indicating area.
- the present invention includes a humidity indicator array comprising a plurality of areas of humidity indication on a substrate.
- the humidity indication areas each have a composition capable of changing color at a certain relative humidity.
- the humidity indicating composition includes copper bromide, a bromide salt and a dye in effective combinations that will react with water vapor to provide [Cu(H2 ⁇ )e] 2+ ions.
- the composition can be made by mixing together copper (II) sulfate pentahydrate, sodium bromide, cellulose fiber, a dye and water.
- An array of solutions having increasing amounts of copper (II) pentahydrate and sodium bromide and the same amount of dye and cellulose fiber are cast onto separate areas of the substrate.
- the dye is generally absorbed into the paper and is only visible when the pale tan color of the [Cu(HzOJe] 2 f ions is present as described below.
- the copper Il sulfate pentahydrate and sodium bromide react to form copper bromide complexes, which in the anhydrous form provide a dark brown appearance and mask the dye.
- the copper bromide is exposed to a certain relative humidity, the water vapor molecules in the environment bind with the copper from the copper bromide complexes forming [Cu(HbOk] 2+ ions, which are pale tan in color and substantially colorless. These [Cu(H2 ⁇ )e] 2+ ions are not capable of masking the dye.
- the presence of the [Cu(H2 ⁇ )e] 2 f ions imparts a color change in the humidity indicating area from the dark brown color of the copper bromide complexes to the generally invisible light tan color. The dye color is then visible.
- the amount of copper Il sulfate and sodium bromide in the composition can be increased or decreased in each humidity indication area to control the relative humidity level at which the color change occurs. That is, increasing the amount of the copper bromide and sodium bromide present in the composition increases the relative humidity level at which the color change is observed, in part because the excess bromide in the composition competes with the water and delays the formation of the [Cu(H2 ⁇ )e] 2 f ions.
- the humidity level can be determined by comparing the color of the humidity indicating area to an area on the card having a set of dyes. This set of dyes shows what color should appear at particular relative humidities. For instance, an indicating area may change color from brown to yellow when a 30% relative humidity is reached in the environment. Thus, an area on the substrate would include a yellow dye spot and a brown dye spot that can be compared to the humidity indicating area.
- the substrate can include only one dye color, which shows the color the indicating area should be when a particular relative humidity is reached.
- the preferred copper sulfate for mixing with the bromide is copper Il sulfate pentahydrate because this material, when mixed with a bromide salt, forms a dark color when dry and a light tan color when a predetermined humidity level is reached, and does not react with food dyes.
- Other copper Il sulfate materials suitable for the invention are anhydrous copper II sulfate or copper Il sulfate hydrate. Typical of other copper sulfates are copper amino sulfate (copper sulfate, ammoniated) and copper sulfate tribasic.
- the preferred bromide salts for mixing with copper Il sulfate are sodium bromide or potassium bromide because these materials, when mixed with copper Il sulfate, provide a dark color when dry and a light tan color when a predetermined humidity level is reached, and do not react with food dyes.
- Other bromide salts suitable for the invention are calcium bromide, magnesium bromide, zinc bromide or ammonium bromide. Surprisingly, using copper bromide as the bromide salt did not produce a color change that was as easy to detect.
- Other typical salts that can be used include copper chloride, copper iodine, copper fluoride, copper nitrates, chromates and permanganates.
- FD&C dyes are preferred, because they are readily available and safe for use with foods, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals.
- the preferred dye is FD&C Yellow #5 in combination with FD&C Red #40 because it provides an easily detectible color change when a certain relative humidity is reached.
- Another preferred dye is FD&C Green #3 in combination with FD&C Yellow #5. In this instance, the substrate would change from brown to green when a certain relative humidity is reached.
- using only FD&C Yellow #5, FD&C Green #3, or FD&C Red #40 is suitable. It should be appreciated that other dyes, except for brown dyes, could be utilized in the invention as well.
- a cellulose solution is included in the humidity indicating solutions.
- Klucel ® hydroxypropylcellulose jf manufactured by Hercules, Inc.
- Klucel ® hydroxypropylcellulose jf is a powder having a particle size of 99% through a 20% mesh screen (851 microns) or 85% through a 30% mesh screen (600 microns).
- the cellulose solution increases the viscosity of the humidity indicating solutions, preventing the solution from migrating too far when the solution is cast onto the humidity indicating cards. It is believed that the cellulose also minimize aggregation of the copper bromide complex to provide a uniform color distribution and to prevent the formation of dark spots from the copper bromide complex.
- the cellulose fiber solution contains the humidity indicating solutions, such that each humidity indicating area is smaller, allowing a greater number of relative humidity detection areas to be included on the card. Further, the color changes are easier to detect, since the copper bromide complex and dye are in a more concentrated and uniform area.
- a preferred concentration range of cellulose fiber in the humidity indicating solutions is about 0.8%- 1 .2% because it provides a viscosity suitable for maintaining the copper Il sulfate and bromide salt solution in a desired area on the humidity indicator card. However, a suitable range of the cellulose fiber in the humidity indicating solutions is about 0.5%- 1 .5%.
- Other thickeners are suitable to increase the viscosity of the humidity indicating solution, including carboxymethyl cellulose, carboxypropyl cellulose carrageenan, guar gum, or xanthan gum.
- the substrate used is blotting paper because it easily absorbs the dye and dries rapidly.
- this humidity indicating chemistry can be used on other types of papers, adhesive stamps, sheets of plastic, films, or coating layers on a backing material, such as a polymer or fibrous coating on a substrate such as metal.
- the humidity indicating chemistry can be used in the solid form, or in materials, such as in resin polymers and hot melt adhesives. More specifically, polyvinyl acetate ethylene vinyl acetate, nylon, polypropylene, polyethylene, polyester, or polyacrylates can include the humidity indicating chemistry.
- the humidity indicating chemistry can be within the entire material or within a portion of the material.
- the material is generally transparent or colorless so the color change is more visible.
- This humidity indicating chemistry can also be included in a pressed part or a tablet that is made by pressing various powders or aggregates together with or without a binder. [0021 ] It should be appreciated that other additives can be included in the humidity indicating solution, such as surfactants, bacteriostats and fungicides.
- the color of the humidity indicating area is affected by the amount of the copper bromide and sodium bromide present in the composition. As the amount of copper bromide and sodium bromide present in the composition increases, the relative humidity level at which the color change is observed increases.
- the sodium bromide to copper (II) sulfate pentahydrate in solutions for detecting a relative humidity in the range of 10% to 60% is present in an amount such that the weigh ratio is in a range from about 3:1 to 5: 1 . More specifically, the preferred sodium bromide to copper (II) sulfate pentahydrate weight ratio for solutions that detect a relative humidity in the range of 10% to 50% is about 3:1 .
- the preferred sodium bromide to copper (II) sulfate pentahydrate weight ratio for solutions that detect a relative humidity above 60% is at least 5:1 because a greater excess of bromide is required to prevent the copper bromide from changing color before the 60% relative humidity level is reached.
- the relative humidity level at which the color change is observed increases. It has been found that, in solutions for detecting a relative humidity in the range of 10% to 60%, the mole ratio of bromide ions to copper ions ranges from about 7.5: 1 to 12.2: 1 .
- the preferred bromide ion to copper ion mole ratio for humidity indicating solutions that detect humidities ranging from 10% to 50% is about 7.5:1 and the bromide ion to copper ion mole ratio of humidity indicating solutions that detect humidities above 60% is at least 12.2: 1 .
- this invention is well described for use in many applications, such as for determining whether a desiccant material is still active.
- the invention can also determine a relative humidity in product packages and containers, including food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical packages and containers, and in environments requiring a preferred relative humidity, such as laboratories, manufacturing facilities, and animal enclosures and facilities.
- FIG. 1 shows a humidity indicating card 10 having six areas of relative humidity indication 1 2, 14, 16, 1 8, 20, 22.
- area 1 2 includes a solution having the least amount of copper Il sulfate pentahydrate and sodium bromide and area 22 includes a solution having the greatest amount of copper Il sulfate pentahydrate and sodium bromide.
- the relative humidity detection areas 12, 14, 16, 1 8, 20» 22 change colors from brown to yellow at increasing 10% intervals at 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50% and 60%, respectively.
- Each area 1 2 » 14, 16, 1 8, 20 and 22 is defined by a circle 24, which hides any solution that migrates beyond the inner area defined by the circle 24.
- the circle 24 is opaque, for example, black.
- the dye solution includes water, propylene glycol, FD & C Red No. 40, and FD & C Yellow # 5 in the concentrations shown in Table 2 herebelow:
- a method of making a solution for a humidity indication area for detecting a 10% relative humidity is set forth above is made as follows:
- the 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, and 60% solutions have increasing amounts of copper(ll) sulfate pentahydrate and sodium bromide, respectively, which causes the different areas on the card to change color at different humidity levels.
- a 10% humidity indicating area completely changes color, from brown to yellow, at 1 0% humidity and will remain yellow at any humidity level above 10%.
- a 50% humidity indicating area completely changes color at a 50% humidity and will remain yellow at any humidity level above 50%.
- the 50% humidity indicating area may begin to change color and exhibit a brown/yellow color before 50% relative humidity is reached, for example at a relative humidity of 45%, but this color change will be slight when compared to the lower humidity indicating areas.
- the areas change from brown to yellow when their planned relative humidity level is reached. For instance, at a 1 5% relative humidity level, the 10% relative humidity indication area is yellow and the 20%- 60% indication areas are brown. At a 35% relative humidity level, the 1 0%- 30% relative humidity indication areas are yellow and the 40%- 60% humidity indication areas are brown,
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (15)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR1020147024033A KR20140111053A (en) | 2009-04-06 | 2010-04-01 | Copper Bromide Humidity Indicating Card |
EP10762226.8A EP2417439A4 (en) | 2009-04-06 | 2010-04-01 | Copper bromide humidity indicating card |
SG2011071826A SG175031A1 (en) | 2009-04-06 | 2010-04-01 | Copper bromide humidity indicating card |
MA34317A MA33249B1 (en) | 2009-04-06 | 2010-04-01 | CARD COMPRISING HUMIDITY INDICATORS BASED ON COPPER BROMIDE |
AU2010234760A AU2010234760B2 (en) | 2009-04-06 | 2010-04-01 | Copper bromide humidity indicating card |
RU2011144868/28A RU2011144868A (en) | 2009-04-06 | 2010-04-01 | HYGROMETRIC CARD BASED ON COPPER BROMIDE |
CA2757825A CA2757825A1 (en) | 2009-04-06 | 2010-04-01 | Copper bromide humidity indicating card |
MX2011010566A MX2011010566A (en) | 2009-04-06 | 2010-04-01 | Copper bromide humidity indicating card. |
CN201080025848.XA CN102803937B (en) | 2009-04-06 | 2010-04-01 | copper bromide humidity indicating card |
JP2012503691A JP2012522991A (en) | 2009-04-06 | 2010-04-01 | Copper bromide humidity display card |
BRPI1013323A BRPI1013323A2 (en) | 2009-04-06 | 2010-04-01 | "Humidity indicator, humidity indicator matrix, humidity indication method, and method for preparing a humidity indicator." |
KR1020117026309A KR20120012463A (en) | 2009-04-06 | 2010-04-01 | Copper bromide humidity indicating card |
TNP2011000496A TN2011000496A1 (en) | 2009-04-06 | 2011-10-03 | Copper bromide humidity indicating card |
IL215522A IL215522A0 (en) | 2009-04-06 | 2011-10-04 | Copper bromide humidity indicating card |
ZA2011/07251A ZA201107251B (en) | 2009-04-06 | 2011-10-04 | Copper bromide humidity indicating card |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US12/419,116 | 2009-04-06 | ||
US12/419,116 US20100252779A1 (en) | 2009-04-06 | 2009-04-06 | Copper bromide humidity indicating card |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2010117865A2 true WO2010117865A2 (en) | 2010-10-14 |
WO2010117865A3 WO2010117865A3 (en) | 2011-01-13 |
Family
ID=42825429
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2010/029567 WO2010117865A2 (en) | 2009-04-06 | 2010-04-01 | Copper bromide humidity indicating card |
Country Status (18)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20100252779A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2417439A4 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2012522991A (en) |
KR (2) | KR20140111053A (en) |
CN (1) | CN102803937B (en) |
AR (1) | AR076209A1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2010234760B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BRPI1013323A2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2757825A1 (en) |
CL (1) | CL2011002483A1 (en) |
IL (1) | IL215522A0 (en) |
MA (1) | MA33249B1 (en) |
MX (1) | MX2011010566A (en) |
RU (1) | RU2011144868A (en) |
SG (1) | SG175031A1 (en) |
TN (1) | TN2011000496A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2010117865A2 (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA201107251B (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2013038278A3 (en) * | 2011-09-12 | 2013-06-06 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Wetness indicator having varied hues |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9121831B2 (en) | 2011-08-24 | 2015-09-01 | Multisorb Technologies, Inc. | Copper, starch and iodide moisture indicator |
CN106859000B (en) * | 2015-12-14 | 2021-06-18 | 吉弟产品公司 | Hair brush capable of indicating humidity |
KR101765253B1 (en) | 2016-11-11 | 2017-08-07 | 한국건설기술연구원 | Variable traffic safety sign for displaying roadbed conditions corresponding to temperature and humidity |
TWI625525B (en) * | 2016-11-21 | 2018-06-01 | 國立臺灣大學 | Reagent for detecting glyphosate or metabolites thereof and a detecting method by using the same |
WO2018226406A1 (en) * | 2017-06-09 | 2018-12-13 | Clariant Corporation | Non-reversible humidity indicator card |
TWI654420B (en) | 2018-04-02 | 2019-03-21 | 英群邦生技股份有限公司 | Absorbent-type moisture sensing module and moisture sensing sticker thaving the same |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2002005772A1 (en) | 2000-07-13 | 2002-01-24 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Perfume composition and cleaning compositions comprising the perfume composition |
EP1705484A1 (en) | 2005-03-23 | 2006-09-27 | GP&E America, LLC | Composition for non-toxic, non-hazardous, and environmentally friendly humidity-indicating agent and its application |
CN101393134A (en) | 2008-10-23 | 2009-03-25 | 杨德成 | Humidity indicators |
Family Cites Families (21)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2460072A (en) * | 1949-01-25 | Copper chloride relative humidity | ||
US2249867A (en) * | 1938-01-15 | 1941-07-22 | Marjorie G Snelling | Dampness detecting and indicating device |
US2460067A (en) * | 1945-02-07 | 1949-01-25 | Davison Chemcial Corp | Copper bromide relative humidity indicators |
US3963442A (en) * | 1974-12-04 | 1976-06-15 | Bullard Wade A | Colorimetric indicator compositions and method of manufacture |
JPS597024U (en) * | 1982-07-02 | 1984-01-18 | 新越化成工業株式会社 | desiccant container |
US4931051A (en) * | 1987-02-06 | 1990-06-05 | Edge Enterprises, Inc. | Wetness indicator |
JP3312438B2 (en) * | 1993-08-20 | 2002-08-05 | 東洋インキ製造株式会社 | Water detection indicator |
JPH1090244A (en) * | 1996-09-20 | 1998-04-10 | Nof Corp | Moisture detection label |
EP0937245A1 (en) * | 1996-10-16 | 1999-08-25 | Environmental Test Systems, Inc. | Device and method for the determination of water |
JP2000107551A (en) * | 1998-10-05 | 2000-04-18 | Ooe Kagaku Kogyo Kk | Desiccant |
GB9909219D0 (en) * | 1999-04-22 | 1999-06-16 | Crosfield Joseph & Sons | Humidity indicators |
IT1313584B1 (en) * | 1999-07-30 | 2002-09-09 | Levosil S P A | HUMIDITY INDICATORS TO INDICATE THE ABSORBING CAPACITY OF A DEHYDRATING MATERIAL. |
IT1319669B1 (en) * | 2000-12-01 | 2003-10-23 | Levosil S P A | PAPER HUMIDITY INDICATORS WITH COLORED SUPPORT. |
GB0101381D0 (en) * | 2001-01-19 | 2001-03-07 | Crosfield Joseph & Sons | Silica-based indicating desiccants |
SE0104206D0 (en) * | 2001-12-12 | 2001-12-12 | Alf Andersen | Sensor |
GB2401072B (en) * | 2003-03-19 | 2006-04-26 | Ineos Silicas Ltd | Silica-based indicating desiccants |
JP2006017599A (en) * | 2004-07-02 | 2006-01-19 | Piatekku Kk | Humidity sensing material |
JP4385161B2 (en) * | 2006-05-31 | 2009-12-16 | Apテック株式会社 | Combined unit of humidity indicator and desiccant pack |
JP4853247B2 (en) * | 2006-11-16 | 2012-01-11 | 凸版印刷株式会社 | Oxygen indicator |
JP4930997B2 (en) * | 2007-02-20 | 2012-05-16 | 独立行政法人産業技術総合研究所 | COLOR TYPE TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY SENSOR, METHOD OF USING COLOR TYPE TEMPERATURE AND HUMIDITY SENSOR |
JP2008261681A (en) * | 2007-04-11 | 2008-10-30 | Kyodo Printing Co Ltd | Humidity indicator |
-
2009
- 2009-04-06 US US12/419,116 patent/US20100252779A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2010
- 2010-04-01 AU AU2010234760A patent/AU2010234760B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2010-04-01 KR KR1020147024033A patent/KR20140111053A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2010-04-01 CA CA2757825A patent/CA2757825A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2010-04-01 EP EP10762226.8A patent/EP2417439A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2010-04-01 WO PCT/US2010/029567 patent/WO2010117865A2/en active Application Filing
- 2010-04-01 MX MX2011010566A patent/MX2011010566A/en active IP Right Grant
- 2010-04-01 CN CN201080025848.XA patent/CN102803937B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2010-04-01 SG SG2011071826A patent/SG175031A1/en unknown
- 2010-04-01 KR KR1020117026309A patent/KR20120012463A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2010-04-01 BR BRPI1013323A patent/BRPI1013323A2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2010-04-01 MA MA34317A patent/MA33249B1/en unknown
- 2010-04-01 JP JP2012503691A patent/JP2012522991A/en active Pending
- 2010-04-01 RU RU2011144868/28A patent/RU2011144868A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2010-04-06 AR ARP100101150A patent/AR076209A1/en unknown
-
2011
- 2011-10-03 TN TNP2011000496A patent/TN2011000496A1/en unknown
- 2011-10-04 IL IL215522A patent/IL215522A0/en unknown
- 2011-10-04 ZA ZA2011/07251A patent/ZA201107251B/en unknown
- 2011-10-06 CL CL2011002483A patent/CL2011002483A1/en unknown
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2002005772A1 (en) | 2000-07-13 | 2002-01-24 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Perfume composition and cleaning compositions comprising the perfume composition |
EP1705484A1 (en) | 2005-03-23 | 2006-09-27 | GP&E America, LLC | Composition for non-toxic, non-hazardous, and environmentally friendly humidity-indicating agent and its application |
CN101393134A (en) | 2008-10-23 | 2009-03-25 | 杨德成 | Humidity indicators |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2013038278A3 (en) * | 2011-09-12 | 2013-06-06 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Wetness indicator having varied hues |
US8911681B2 (en) | 2011-09-12 | 2014-12-16 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Wetness indicator having varied hues |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20100252779A1 (en) | 2010-10-07 |
CL2011002483A1 (en) | 2012-05-25 |
WO2010117865A3 (en) | 2011-01-13 |
MX2011010566A (en) | 2011-10-19 |
KR20120012463A (en) | 2012-02-10 |
AU2010234760A1 (en) | 2011-11-03 |
CN102803937B (en) | 2016-06-29 |
AR076209A1 (en) | 2011-05-26 |
CA2757825A1 (en) | 2010-10-14 |
JP2012522991A (en) | 2012-09-27 |
EP2417439A4 (en) | 2014-12-31 |
BRPI1013323A2 (en) | 2016-03-29 |
SG175031A1 (en) | 2011-11-28 |
IL215522A0 (en) | 2011-12-29 |
CN102803937A (en) | 2012-11-28 |
AU2010234760B2 (en) | 2014-01-23 |
KR20140111053A (en) | 2014-09-17 |
MA33249B1 (en) | 2012-05-02 |
RU2011144868A (en) | 2013-05-20 |
EP2417439A2 (en) | 2012-02-15 |
ZA201107251B (en) | 2012-12-27 |
TN2011000496A1 (en) | 2013-05-24 |
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