WO2009030099A1 - Bending resistance cu-al pipe connector, producing method thereof and special core bar - Google Patents
Bending resistance cu-al pipe connector, producing method thereof and special core bar Download PDFInfo
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- WO2009030099A1 WO2009030099A1 PCT/CN2008/001389 CN2008001389W WO2009030099A1 WO 2009030099 A1 WO2009030099 A1 WO 2009030099A1 CN 2008001389 W CN2008001389 W CN 2008001389W WO 2009030099 A1 WO2009030099 A1 WO 2009030099A1
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- copper
- aluminum
- tube
- pipe
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L13/00—Non-disconnectible pipe-joints, e.g. soldered, adhesive or caulked joints
- F16L13/02—Welded joints
- F16L13/0218—Welded joints having an inner or outer ring
- F16L13/0236—Welded joints having an inner or outer ring having an outer ring
Definitions
- the invention relates to a dissimilar metal welded joint, in particular a copper-aluminum welded joint.
- the invention also relates to a method of preparing the above welded joint and a dedicated mandrel. Background technique
- the melting point of copper tube and aluminum tube is about 400 °C, and because the inner surface of aluminum tube is covered with oxide layer, especially in the welding of thin-wall copper-aluminum tube, it is difficult for two materials to realize direct chemical bond between two metal atoms.
- a copper-aluminum eutectic transition layer is produced between the copper and aluminum materials.
- the eutectic structure referred to in the present specification means a copper-aluminum eutectic alloy formed of a copper-aluminum metal compound and aluminum at a high temperature.
- the socket joint inserted into the aluminum tube is suitable for welding thin-walled copper-aluminum tubes. It is welded by high-frequency welding and brazing. Due to unfavorable factors such as reactive pores, copper-aluminum eutectic structure and potential corrosion hazards, It is difficult to realize the mass-bonding of copper-aluminum chemical bonds.
- the resistance-pressure composite welding method can overcome the above problems, but the bending resistance of copper-aluminum joints is slightly insufficient, that is, the aluminum tube side is easily broken after the joint is bent more than 45 degrees. These technical defects have hindered the application of aluminum tubes in the refrigeration industry. Summary of the invention The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a copper-aluminum pipe joint which is resistant to bending, so that the joint does not crack and leak when the joint is bent at 90 degrees.
- Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method of producing the aforementioned copper-aluminum pipe joint and a special mandrel.
- the welded joint portion of the copper pipe has a tapered welded surface with a straight tubular guide portion, and the outer diameter of the guide portion is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the aluminum pipe.
- the length of the copper tube guide inserted into the aluminum tube shall be such that the position of the top end after welding exceeds the high temperature plastic deformation area of the aluminum tube side in the welded joint.
- the aluminum pipe is the high temperature plastic deformation zone.
- the inner surface of the guide portion has an evenly distributed slit in the axial direction. The rips can be indentations, scratches, or can be pressed through to penetrate the guide tube wall.
- the elongated guide end extends beyond the high-temperature plastic deformation region, thereby avoiding the poor performance of the aluminum pipe region, and the elongated guide tip is topped in plasticity.
- the copper pipe conical welding surface forms a direct chemical bond connection with the inner wall of the aluminum pipe, and there is no copper-aluminum eutectic structure in the weld seam. Therefore, when the copper-aluminum pipe joint is subjected to the tension, the crack of the guide portion can be expanded, but there is no common The copper-aluminum weld zone of the crystal structure does not crack.
- the eutectic structure referred to in the present specification means a low melting point eutectic alloy formed of a copper aluminum metal compound and aluminum at a high temperature.
- the mandrel is a multi-stage bead type
- the front end is a trimming portion having a ring-shaped hoop type protrusion, followed by The groove portion of the pointed projection is followed by the flared portion of the annular hoop type projection.
- the above problem is solved as follows: one copper pipe and one aluminum pipe are taken, and one end of the copper pipe is closed, and the length of the guiding portion at the closing point exceeds the high temperature plastic deformation of the aluminum pipe. region.
- the mandrel is placed in the copper tube from the direction of the copper tube and connected to the thrust link of the welder. Place the copper tube with the welded mandrel in the moving electrode group, fix the copper tube with the high pressure cylinder, place the aluminum tube in the fixed electrode and fix the aluminum tube, and install the high heat resistance at the welding position of the fixed electrode aluminum tube.
- the shape of the cavity of the mosaic block is consistent with the shape of the aluminum tube.
- the end of the aluminum tube is flush with the edge of the insert, and the push cylinder will have a copper tube.
- the moving electrode group is pushed to the aluminum tube, and the pressure is controlled in the range of 250kg ⁇ 550kg.
- the electric resistance is applied to the copper-aluminum bonding zone for resistance heating, and the copper tube continuously moves to the inside of the aluminum tube under the action of the pushing cylinder, during the moving process.
- the propulsion pressure and welding current of the copper pipe automatically adjust the current, voltage, air pressure and other parameters to control the temperature of the copper-aluminum weld.
- the mandrel preset inside the copper tube is pushed along the copper tube toward the aluminum tube under the push of the welding equipment.
- the inner hole of the welded joint is trimmed by the trimming portion of the mandrel, the groove portion presses the inner wall of the copper pipe guide portion out of the obvious groove, the flared portion enlarges the inner diameter of the guide portion, and the outer diameter of the guide portion is attached to the aluminum pipe On the inner wall, thereby increasing the flow level inside the pipe.
- the stress concentration factor is artificially increased. Therefore, several cracks appear in the guide portion after the diameter expansion, thereby weakening the resistance of the guide portion to the bending of the aluminum tube, and reducing the subsequent use. The risk of the welded joint aluminum tube being bent.
- the specially treated copper tube guide can prevent the aluminum tube from cracking caused by the joint bending during use;
- the preset mandrel at the closing end of the copper pipe welding portion has two functions, and a deep groove is pressed on the inner wall of the guiding portion, and the copper-aluminum joint after welding is expanded.
- the junction region While cleaning the aluminum tube oxide, the junction region is electrically resistively heated, and heated while being pressurized, reducing the amount of copper-aluminum eutectic structure generated, preventing deformation of the copper tube, and the resulting copper-aluminum eutectic structure is also between copper and aluminum. High pressure extrusion improves the overall performance of the joint;
- the aluminum tube at the joint forms a remelted aluminum metal on the outer surface of the copper tube under the combined action of high pressure and electric resistance heat, and forms a welded joint structure of the plugged copper and aluminum tube with a large fusion area;
- the groove step which is processed to increase the stress concentration factor of the guide portion may be pressed through the guide tube wall or may be completed before the welding assembly.
- the copper tube can be made of copper tube
- the aluminum tube can be made of pure aluminum tube or rustproof aluminum tube.
- Figure 1 is a bending-resistant copper-aluminum pipe joint diagram
- Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the anti-bending copper-aluminum pipe joint before welding.
- Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the welding end of the anti-bending copper-aluminum pipe joint
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of copper tube processing
- Thrust link 1 mandrel 2, copper tube 3, moving electrode 4, flared portion 5, grooved portion 6, trim portion 7, tapered welded surface 8, guide portion 9, fixed electrode 10, insert block 1.1, aluminum Tube 12, crack 13 Detailed embodiment 1
- the copper pipe and the aluminum pipe with the same outer diameter of the pipe are selected for preliminary processing, and the short copper pipe 3 and the aluminum pipe 12 are obtained.
- the welded portion of the copper tube 3 tube end is processed into a reduced diameter shape at the front end of the guide portion 9.
- the outer diameter of the guide portion 9 should be slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the aluminum tube 12. The diameter and wall thickness of the end face to be welded of the aluminum tube 12 remain unchanged.
- a mandrel 2 is placed in advance on the inside of the copper tube 3, and the copper tube 3 with the mandrel 2 is placed on the moving electrode 4 of the resistance pressure welding machine, and the core rod 2 is connected to the axial thrust link 1;
- the tube 12 port is not further processed, and the wall thickness and diameter are maintained as they are placed on the fixed electrode 10 of the resistance pressure welding machine.
- a hard ceramic insert 11 is embedded in the fixed electrode 10 to lower the thermal conductivity, increase the resistivity, and regulate the flow path of the welding current.
- the moving electrode 4 and the copper tube 3 on its electrode are horizontally moved into the aluminum tube 12 by a resistance pressure welding machine.
- the tapered welding surface 8 grinds off the oxide layer on the inner wall of the soft aluminum tube 12, and energizes the moving electrode 4 and the fixed electrode 10, and the aluminum tube 12 is welded under the action of resistance heat.
- the surface melts rapidly, and the internally melted aluminum liquid is filled between the aluminum tube 12 and the guide portion 9, until the tapered welding surface 8 is wrapped into the aluminum tube 12, the welding power source is disconnected, the thrust link 1 is actuated, and the mandrel is quickly moved. Pushing the direction of the aluminum tube, first, the guide portion 9 is trimmed and flanked by the trimming portion 7 on the mandrel 2, and the guide portion 9 in which the rounding deformation has occurred during the welding process is trimmed.
- the copper tube and the aluminum tube with the same outer diameter of the tube are selected for preliminary processing, and the short copper tube 3 and the aluminum tube 12 are obtained.
- the welded portion of the copper tube 3 tube end is processed into a front end having a guide portion 9
- the slot can also be cut or cut through to penetrate the guide tube wall.
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Abstract
A bending resistance Cu-Al pipe welding connector includes that a straight pipe guide (9) and a tape welding surface (8) are positioned on the Cu pipe (3) welding connector. The outer diameter of the guide (9) is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of Al pipe (12), and the guide (9) length of Cu pipe (3) is longer than the high temperature plastically deforming area of Al pipe (12). Grooves (13) are positioned axially on the inner surface of the guide (9), and can prevent Al pipe (12) from forming crack. A producing method for said Cu-Al pipe connector and a core bar (2) used in this method are disclosed.
Description
一种抗弯曲的铜铝管接头、 其制备方法及专用芯棒 技术领域 Anti-bending copper-aluminum pipe joint, preparation method thereof and special core rod
本发明涉及一种异种金属焊接接头， 尤其是铜铝管焊接接头。 The invention relates to a dissimilar metal welded joint, in particular a copper-aluminum welded joint.
本发明还涉及上述焊接接头的制备方法及专用芯棒。 背景技术 The invention also relates to a method of preparing the above welded joint and a dedicated mandrel. Background technique
近几年， 由于铜价在不断上扬， 促进了铝材代铜材技术进步和相关产业 的巿场应用范围。 我国是铜资源相对短缺， 铝资源相对丰富的国家， 目前制 冷行业大量使用铜管， 铜改铝降低制造成本已成为十分重要的课题。 但制冷 行业涉及的铜管壁厚多数在 1.0mm 以下； 由于铜管在制冷管路生产加工、 售后维修等方面的特殊优势难以被铝管完全替代，全部采用铝管代替铜管会 带来诸多问题。 而中间是铝两端是铜的铜铝铜结构管路， 则由于连接性能与 铜管相同， 完全可以代替铜管。 In recent years, as copper prices have continued to rise, it has promoted the advancement of aluminum-based copper technology and the field of application of related industries. China is a country with relatively short copper resources and relatively abundant aluminum resources. At present, the copper industry is heavily used in the refrigeration industry. It has become an important issue to reduce the manufacturing cost of copper to aluminum. However, the thickness of the copper tube involved in the refrigeration industry is mostly below 1.0mm. Because the special advantages of the copper tube in the production and processing of refrigeration pipelines, after-sales maintenance, etc. are difficult to be completely replaced by aluminum tubes, all aluminum tubes instead of copper tubes will bring many problem. In the middle is a copper-aluminum-copper structure pipeline with copper at both ends of the aluminum. Because the connection performance is the same as that of the copper tube, it can completely replace the copper tube.
铜管与铝管熔点相差约 400 °C , 又因为铝管内表面布有氧化层， 尤其是 在薄壁铜铝管焊接中， 两种材质难以实现两种金属原子间的直接化学键连 接， 通常会在铜铝两种材质之间产生铜铝共晶组织过渡层。 本说明书所提及 的共晶组织是指高温下铜铝金属化合物与铝形成的铜铝共晶合金。 The melting point of copper tube and aluminum tube is about 400 °C, and because the inner surface of aluminum tube is covered with oxide layer, especially in the welding of thin-wall copper-aluminum tube, it is difficult for two materials to realize direct chemical bond between two metal atoms. A copper-aluminum eutectic transition layer is produced between the copper and aluminum materials. The eutectic structure referred to in the present specification means a copper-aluminum eutectic alloy formed of a copper-aluminum metal compound and aluminum at a high temperature.
对薄壁铜铝管焊接目前已知的各种焊接方法中，如果采用铜管***到铝 管中的套接接头， 如何获得铜铝之间的化学键连接， 并在焊缝中避免产生铜 铝共晶组织是关键技术。平面对接接头贮能焊和摩擦焊等方法虽然可以通过 焊接结束前的顶端力减少铜铝管焊缝的共晶组织，但其接头结构决定了该工 艺只能适合壁厚大于 1.25mm的厚壁铜铝管的焊接， 不能用于本发明所涉及 的薄壁铜铝管焊接。 铜管***到铝管中的套接接头适合薄壁铜铝管焊接， 采 用高频焊、 钎焊方法焊接， 由于存在反应性气孔、 铜铝共晶组织、 潜在的腐 蚀隐患等不利因素， 不能实现铜铝化学键结合， 实现批量生产难度也很大； 采用电阻压力复合焊接方法， 可以克服上述问题， 但铜铝接头抗弯曲性能略 显不足， 即对接头弯曲超过 45度后铝管侧容易折断， 这些技术缺陷都阻碍 了铝管在制冷行业的应用。 发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种抗弯曲的铜铝管接头，使接头在弯 曲 90度时接头不发生开裂渗漏现象。 For the welding methods of thin-walled copper-aluminum pipe welding, if a copper pipe is inserted into the socket joint of the aluminum pipe, how to obtain the chemical bond between the copper and aluminum, and avoid the copper-aluminum in the weld Eutectic organization is a key technology. Although the planar butt joint storage welding and friction welding can reduce the eutectic structure of the copper-aluminum pipe weld by the tip force before the end of welding, the joint structure determines that the process can only be applied to thick walls with a wall thickness greater than 1.25 mm. The welding of copper-aluminum tubes cannot be used for the welding of thin-walled copper-aluminum tubes according to the present invention. The socket joint inserted into the aluminum tube is suitable for welding thin-walled copper-aluminum tubes. It is welded by high-frequency welding and brazing. Due to unfavorable factors such as reactive pores, copper-aluminum eutectic structure and potential corrosion hazards, It is difficult to realize the mass-bonding of copper-aluminum chemical bonds. The resistance-pressure composite welding method can overcome the above problems, but the bending resistance of copper-aluminum joints is slightly insufficient, that is, the aluminum tube side is easily broken after the joint is bent more than 45 degrees. These technical defects have hindered the application of aluminum tubes in the refrigeration industry. Summary of the invention The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a copper-aluminum pipe joint which is resistant to bending, so that the joint does not crack and leak when the joint is bent at 90 degrees.
本发明要解决的另一个技术问题是提供一种生产前述铜铝管接头的制 备方法及专用芯棒。 Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method of producing the aforementioned copper-aluminum pipe joint and a special mandrel.
对于本发明的抗弯曲的铜铝管接头来说， 上述问题是这样解决的： 铜管 的焊接接头部位有带直管状导向部的锥形焊接面，该导向部的外径稍小于铝 管内径，插到铝管内部的铜管导向部的长度应保证在焊接后其顶端位置超过 焊接接头中铝管侧高温塑性变形区域。 在焊接过程中， 受电阻热的作用和轴 向推力的共同作用， 距离铜铝焊缝外表面 10mm以内的铝管处于熔融状态， 在高温和高压的共同作用下这部分铝管发生强烈的塑性变形，冷却后机械性 能明显降低， 很容易折断， 铝管该部位即为高温塑性变形区域。 导向部的内 表面沿轴向有均匀分布的裂槽。 裂槽可以是压痕、 划痕， 也可以压透， 从而 贯穿导向部管壁。 在铜铝管焊接接头使用过程中受到弯曲力时， 加长的导向 部顶端延伸到了高温塑性变形区域以外， 从而避开了性能较差的铝管区， 加 长的导向部顶端顶在了塑性较好的铝管位置上， 不容易破坏铝管； 同时， 导 向部受到铝管弯曲的压力后， 由于裂槽的作用， 形成片状支撑， 导向部对铝 管的支撑明显降低， 因此不会顶裂铝管。 铜管锥形焊接面与铝管内壁之间形 成直接的化学键连接， 焊缝中无铜铝共晶组织， 所以在铜铝管接头受到涨力 时， 导向部的裂槽可以扩展， 但无共晶组织的铜铝焊缝区域不会发生裂紋。 本说明书所提及的共晶组织是指高温下铜铝金属化合物与铝形成的低熔点 共晶合金。 For the anti-bending copper-aluminum pipe joint of the present invention, the above problem is solved as follows: The welded joint portion of the copper pipe has a tapered welded surface with a straight tubular guide portion, and the outer diameter of the guide portion is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the aluminum pipe. The length of the copper tube guide inserted into the aluminum tube shall be such that the position of the top end after welding exceeds the high temperature plastic deformation area of the aluminum tube side in the welded joint. During the welding process, due to the interaction of the resistance heat and the axial thrust, the aluminum tube within 10 mm from the outer surface of the copper-aluminum weld is in a molten state. Under the joint action of high temperature and high pressure, the aluminum tube is strongly plasticized. Deformation, the mechanical properties are obviously reduced after cooling, and it is easy to break. The aluminum pipe is the high temperature plastic deformation zone. The inner surface of the guide portion has an evenly distributed slit in the axial direction. The rips can be indentations, scratches, or can be pressed through to penetrate the guide tube wall. When the bending force is applied during the use of the copper-aluminum pipe welded joint, the elongated guide end extends beyond the high-temperature plastic deformation region, thereby avoiding the poor performance of the aluminum pipe region, and the elongated guide tip is topped in plasticity. At the position of the aluminum tube, it is not easy to damage the aluminum tube; at the same time, after the guiding portion is subjected to the bending pressure of the aluminum tube, the sheet-like support is formed due to the action of the cracking groove, and the support of the guiding portion to the aluminum tube is remarkably lowered, so that the aluminum is not cracked. tube. The copper pipe conical welding surface forms a direct chemical bond connection with the inner wall of the aluminum pipe, and there is no copper-aluminum eutectic structure in the weld seam. Therefore, when the copper-aluminum pipe joint is subjected to the tension, the crack of the guide portion can be expanded, but there is no common The copper-aluminum weld zone of the crystal structure does not crack. The eutectic structure referred to in the present specification means a low melting point eutectic alloy formed of a copper aluminum metal compound and aluminum at a high temperature.
对于本发明的生产抗弯曲的铜铝接头用的专用芯棒来说，上述问题是这 样解决的， 芯棒为多级连珠式， 前端为有环状箍型突起的修整部， 其后为有 尖状突起的压槽部， 压槽部之后为环状箍型突起的扩口部。 For the special mandrel for producing a bending-resistant copper-aluminum joint of the present invention, the above problem is solved in that the mandrel is a multi-stage bead type, and the front end is a trimming portion having a ring-shaped hoop type protrusion, followed by The groove portion of the pointed projection is followed by the flared portion of the annular hoop type projection.
对于上述抗弯曲的铜铝管接头的制备方法， 上述问题是这样解决的： 取 铜管、 铝管各一根， 将铜管一端作收口处理， 收口处的导向部长度超过铝管 高温塑性变形区域。 焊接时， 从铜管方向将芯棒放入铜管内， 连接在焊机的 推力连杆上。 将带有焊接芯棒的铜管放置在移动电极组中， 用高压气缸固定 铜管， 将铝管放置在固定电极中并固定铝管， 在固定电极铝管的焊接位置上 安装有用高耐热性且低传热效率的材料制作的镶嵌块，镶嵌块内腔形状与铝 管外形相吻合。 焊接时将铝管端部与镶嵌块边缘齐平， 顶推气缸将带有铜管
的移动电极组推向铝管， 压力控制在 250kg〜550kg为宜， 同时'通电对铜铝结 合区进行电阻加热， 铜管在顶推气缸的作用下不断向铝管内部移动， 在移动 过程中， 铜管的推进压力和焊接电流自动调整电流、 电压、 气压等参数， 控 制铜铝焊缝的温度。 断电后， 预置在铜管内部的芯棒在焊接设备的推动下， 快速沿铜管推向铝管方向。 利用芯棒的修整部将焊接接头内孔进行修整， 压 槽部将铜管导向部的内壁压出明显的压槽， 扩口部将导向部的内径扩大， 导 向部的外径贴在铝管的内壁上， 从而扩大管路内部的流量水平。 在扩径过程 中由于导向部表面存在压槽， 人为提高了应力集中系数， 因此扩径后在导向 部会出现数条裂槽， 从而消弱了导向部对铝管弯曲的抵抗力， 降低后续使用 中焊接接头铝管被弯裂的危险。 For the preparation method of the above-mentioned anti-bending copper-aluminum pipe joint, the above problem is solved as follows: one copper pipe and one aluminum pipe are taken, and one end of the copper pipe is closed, and the length of the guiding portion at the closing point exceeds the high temperature plastic deformation of the aluminum pipe. region. During welding, the mandrel is placed in the copper tube from the direction of the copper tube and connected to the thrust link of the welder. Place the copper tube with the welded mandrel in the moving electrode group, fix the copper tube with the high pressure cylinder, place the aluminum tube in the fixed electrode and fix the aluminum tube, and install the high heat resistance at the welding position of the fixed electrode aluminum tube. Inlay blocks made of materials with low heat transfer efficiency, the shape of the cavity of the mosaic block is consistent with the shape of the aluminum tube. When welding, the end of the aluminum tube is flush with the edge of the insert, and the push cylinder will have a copper tube. The moving electrode group is pushed to the aluminum tube, and the pressure is controlled in the range of 250kg~550kg. At the same time, the electric resistance is applied to the copper-aluminum bonding zone for resistance heating, and the copper tube continuously moves to the inside of the aluminum tube under the action of the pushing cylinder, during the moving process. The propulsion pressure and welding current of the copper pipe automatically adjust the current, voltage, air pressure and other parameters to control the temperature of the copper-aluminum weld. After the power is cut off, the mandrel preset inside the copper tube is pushed along the copper tube toward the aluminum tube under the push of the welding equipment. The inner hole of the welded joint is trimmed by the trimming portion of the mandrel, the groove portion presses the inner wall of the copper pipe guide portion out of the obvious groove, the flared portion enlarges the inner diameter of the guide portion, and the outer diameter of the guide portion is attached to the aluminum pipe On the inner wall, thereby increasing the flow level inside the pipe. In the process of expanding the diameter, due to the presence of the groove on the surface of the guide portion, the stress concentration factor is artificially increased. Therefore, several cracks appear in the guide portion after the diameter expansion, thereby weakening the resistance of the guide portion to the bending of the aluminum tube, and reducing the subsequent use. The risk of the welded joint aluminum tube being bent.
上述方法具备如下有益效果： The above method has the following beneficial effects:
经过特殊处理的铜管导向部在使用过程中可以防止对接头弯曲造成的' 铝管开裂； The specially treated copper tube guide can prevent the aluminum tube from cracking caused by the joint bending during use;
在铜管焊接部位的收口端预设的芯棒有两个作用，在导向部的内壁上压 出深深的压槽、 对焊接后得铜铝接头进行扩径处理。 The preset mandrel at the closing end of the copper pipe welding portion has two functions, and a deep groove is pressed on the inner wall of the guiding portion, and the copper-aluminum joint after welding is expanded.
• 利用铜铝两种材料在硬度上的差异， 即利用铜管***铝管时的高压作 用， 将铝管内表面的氧化物清理干净， 从而避免使用任何助剂； • The difference in hardness between copper and aluminum materials, that is, the high pressure effect when the copper tube is inserted into the aluminum tube, the oxide on the inner surface of the aluminum tube is cleaned, thereby avoiding the use of any additives;
在清理铝管氧化物的同时通电对结合区进行电阻加热， 边加压边加热， 减少铜铝共晶组织的生成量、 防止铜管变形， 产生的铜铝共晶组织也被铜铝 间的高压挤出， 提高了接头的综合性能； While cleaning the aluminum tube oxide, the junction region is electrically resistively heated, and heated while being pressurized, reducing the amount of copper-aluminum eutectic structure generated, preventing deformation of the copper tube, and the resulting copper-aluminum eutectic structure is also between copper and aluminum. High pressure extrusion improves the overall performance of the joint;
接头处的铝管在高压、 电阻热的合成作用下， 形成铜管外表面上的重熔 铝金属， 形成熔合面积大的插接式铜铝管焊接接头结构； The aluminum tube at the joint forms a remelted aluminum metal on the outer surface of the copper tube under the combined action of high pressure and electric resistance heat, and forms a welded joint structure of the plugged copper and aluminum tube with a large fusion area;
在 100倍显微镜下观察，在接头的铝管侧形成了没有铜铝共晶组织的铜 铝焊缝， 焊缝中铜铝之间形成的是化学键连接； Observed under a 100-fold microscope, a copper-aluminum weld without copper-aluminum eutectic structure was formed on the aluminum tube side of the joint, and a chemical bond was formed between the copper and aluminum in the weld;
为提高导向部应力集中系数而加工的压槽工序， 也可以压透， 从而贯穿 导向部管壁， 也可以在焊接装配之前完成。 The groove step which is processed to increase the stress concentration factor of the guide portion may be pressed through the guide tube wall or may be completed before the welding assembly.
为获得更好的焊接质量， 铜管可以选用紫铜管， 铝管可以选用纯铝管或 防锈铝管。 附图说明 In order to obtain better welding quality, the copper tube can be made of copper tube, and the aluminum tube can be made of pure aluminum tube or rustproof aluminum tube. DRAWINGS
图 1 是抗弯曲的铜铝管接头图
图 2 是抗弯曲的铜铝管接头焊接前装配示意图 Figure 1 is a bending-resistant copper-aluminum pipe joint diagram Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the anti-bending copper-aluminum pipe joint before welding.
图 3 是抗弯曲的铜铝管接头焊接结束示意图 Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the welding end of the anti-bending copper-aluminum pipe joint
图 4 是铜管加工示意图 Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of copper tube processing
附图中标号的含义： The meaning of the numbers in the drawings:
推力连杆 1、 芯棒 2、 铜管 3、 移动电极 4、 扩口部 5、 压槽部 6、 修整部 7、 锥形焊接面 8、 导向部 9、 固定电极 10、 镶嵌块 1.1、 铝管 12、 裂槽 13 具体实施方式 具体实施例一： Thrust link 1, mandrel 2, copper tube 3, moving electrode 4, flared portion 5, grooved portion 6, trim portion 7, tapered welded surface 8, guide portion 9, fixed electrode 10, insert block 1.1, aluminum Tube 12, crack 13 Detailed embodiment 1
根据管路长度设计要求， 选取管外径相同的铜管和铝管进行初加工， 得 到短铜管 3和铝管 12。首先将铜管 3管端的焊接部位加工成前端有导向部 9 的缩径形状， 为便于铜管 3***铝管 12中， 导向部 9的外径应略小于铝管 12的内径。 铝管 12待焊端面的直径和壁厚保持不变。 According to the design requirements of the pipe length, the copper pipe and the aluminum pipe with the same outer diameter of the pipe are selected for preliminary processing, and the short copper pipe 3 and the aluminum pipe 12 are obtained. First, the welded portion of the copper tube 3 tube end is processed into a reduced diameter shape at the front end of the guide portion 9. In order to facilitate insertion of the copper tube 3 into the aluminum tube 12, the outer diameter of the guide portion 9 should be slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the aluminum tube 12. The diameter and wall thickness of the end face to be welded of the aluminum tube 12 remain unchanged.
在铜管 3的内部事先放入一根芯棒 2 , 将带有芯棒 2的铜管 3置于电阻 压力焊接机移动电极 4上， 芯棒 2连接在轴向推力连杆 1上； 铝管 12端口 不做进一步的加工， 保持壁厚和直径原状， 置于电阻压力焊接机的固定电极 10上。 在固定电极 10上镶嵌有硬质陶瓷镶嵌块 11 , 以降低导热系数、 提高 电阻系数， 规范焊接电流的流动路径。 通过电阻压力焊接机将移动电极 4及 其电极上的铜管 3水平移动***铝管 12 中。 在插接过程中， 锥形焊接面 8 将软质的铝管 12内壁上的氧化层磨削掉， 同时对移动电极 4、 固定电极 10 通电， 在电阻热的作用下， 铝管 12的焊接面迅速熔化， 内部熔化的铝液填 到铝管 12和导向部 9之间，直至锥形焊接面 8包进到铝管 12中后断开焊接 电源， 推力连杆 1动作， 快速将芯棒推向铝管方向， 首先利用芯棒 2上的修 整部 7对导向部 9进行修整扩口，对焊接过程中已经发生失圆变形的导向部 9进行修整。 然后， 利用芯棒 2上的压槽部 6对导向部 9的内壁进行压槽处 理、最后利用芯棒 2上的扩口部 5对铜管 3的锥形焊接面 8及导向部 9的内 壁部位进行扩口， 抽出芯棒 2完成铜管与铝管的焊接。 具体实施例二： A mandrel 2 is placed in advance on the inside of the copper tube 3, and the copper tube 3 with the mandrel 2 is placed on the moving electrode 4 of the resistance pressure welding machine, and the core rod 2 is connected to the axial thrust link 1; The tube 12 port is not further processed, and the wall thickness and diameter are maintained as they are placed on the fixed electrode 10 of the resistance pressure welding machine. A hard ceramic insert 11 is embedded in the fixed electrode 10 to lower the thermal conductivity, increase the resistivity, and regulate the flow path of the welding current. The moving electrode 4 and the copper tube 3 on its electrode are horizontally moved into the aluminum tube 12 by a resistance pressure welding machine. During the plugging process, the tapered welding surface 8 grinds off the oxide layer on the inner wall of the soft aluminum tube 12, and energizes the moving electrode 4 and the fixed electrode 10, and the aluminum tube 12 is welded under the action of resistance heat. The surface melts rapidly, and the internally melted aluminum liquid is filled between the aluminum tube 12 and the guide portion 9, until the tapered welding surface 8 is wrapped into the aluminum tube 12, the welding power source is disconnected, the thrust link 1 is actuated, and the mandrel is quickly moved. Pushing the direction of the aluminum tube, first, the guide portion 9 is trimmed and flanked by the trimming portion 7 on the mandrel 2, and the guide portion 9 in which the rounding deformation has occurred during the welding process is trimmed. Then, the inner wall of the guide portion 9 is grooved by the groove portion 6 on the mandrel 2, and finally the tapered welded surface 8 of the copper pipe 3 and the inner wall of the guide portion 9 by the flared portion 5 on the mandrel 2 are used. The part is flanked, and the mandrel 2 is extracted to complete the welding of the copper tube and the aluminum tube. Specific embodiment 2:
根据管路长度设计要求， 选取管外径相同的铜管和铝管进行初加工， 得 到短铜管 3和铝管 12。首先将铜管 3管端的焊接部位加工成前端有导向部 9
的缩径形状， 为减轻弯曲接头时导向部 9对铝管的破坏作用， 需要在导向部 开槽， 导向部 9 内壁均匀预制了 4条深度裂槽 13， 以增加该部 的应力集 中系数。 另外， 开槽也可以划透或割透， 从而贯穿导向部管壁。 其余焊接步 驟与实施例 1相同。 本发明参照附图和实施例进行说明， 但保护范围不限于此， 在本发明技 术范围内具有普通技术人员可以经过简单的变换， 而获得本发明同样的技术 效果， 同样在本发明的保护范围内。
According to the design requirements of the pipeline length, the copper tube and the aluminum tube with the same outer diameter of the tube are selected for preliminary processing, and the short copper tube 3 and the aluminum tube 12 are obtained. First, the welded portion of the copper tube 3 tube end is processed into a front end having a guide portion 9 In order to reduce the damage of the aluminum tube by the guide portion 9 when the bent joint is reduced, it is necessary to form a groove in the guide portion, and four deep cracks 13 are uniformly prefabricated on the inner wall of the guide portion 9 to increase the stress concentration factor of the portion. In addition, the slot can also be cut or cut through to penetrate the guide tube wall. The remaining welding steps are the same as in the first embodiment. The present invention is described with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but the scope of protection is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art can obtain the same technical effects of the present invention through simple conversion, and also in the protection scope of the present invention. Inside.
Claims
1、 一种抗弯曲的铜铝管接头， 其特征在于铜管的焊接接头部位有直管 状导向部和锥形焊接面， 导向部长度超过铝管高温塑性变形区域， 导向部的 内表面沿轴向分布有裂槽。 1. A bending-resistant copper-aluminum pipe joint characterized in that a welded joint portion of a copper pipe has a straight tubular guiding portion and a tapered welding surface, the length of the guiding portion exceeds a high temperature plastic deformation region of the aluminum pipe, and the inner surface of the guiding portion is along the axis There is a crack in the distribution.
2、 一种如权利要求 1所述的抗弯曲的铜铝管接头， 其特征在于所述裂 槽中至少有一个是贯穿所述铜管导向部管壁的。 A bending-resistant copper-aluminum pipe joint according to claim 1, wherein at least one of said cleavage grooves extends through said copper pipe guide wall.
3、 一种如权利要求 1或 2所述的抗弯曲的铜铝管接头， 其特征在于所 述铜管为紫铜管， 所述铝管为纯铝管或防锈铝管。 A bending-resistant copper-aluminum pipe joint according to claim 1 or 2, wherein said copper pipe is a copper pipe, and said aluminum pipe is a pure aluminum pipe or a rustproof aluminum pipe.
4、 一种如权利要求 1或 2所述的抗弯曲的铜铝管接头， 其特征在于： 所述锥形焊接面与铝管内壁之间形成直接的化学键连接。 A bending-resistant copper-aluminum pipe joint according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: said tapered welded surface forms a direct chemical bond with the inner wall of the aluminum tube.
5、 一种制备权利要求 1所述抗弯曲的铜铝管接头的方法， 其特征在于 取外径相同铜管、 铝管各一根， 将铜管一端作收口处理， 将芯棒放入铜管内 并连接在焊机的轴向推力连杆上， 将带有芯棒的铜管放置在移动电极中， 用 高压气缸固定铜管， 将铝管放置在固定电极中并用气缸固定铝管， 在固定电 极铝管的焊接位置上安装有镶嵌块， 镶嵌块内腔形状与铝管外形相吻合， 焊 接时将铝管端部与镶嵌块边缘齐平，顶推气缸将带有铜管的移动电极推向铝 管， 同时通电对铜铝结合区进行电阻加热， 铜管在顶推气缸的作用下不断向 铝管内部移动， 在移动过程中， 铜管的推进压力和焊接电流自动调整电流、 电压、 气压等参数， 断电后， 芯棒在焊接设备的推动下， 快速沿铜管推向铝 管方向。 . A method for preparing a bending-resistant copper-aluminum pipe joint according to claim 1, characterized in that each of the copper pipe and the aluminum pipe having the same outer diameter is taken, and one end of the copper pipe is closed, and the core rod is placed in copper. The tube is connected to the axial thrust link of the welder, the copper tube with the mandrel is placed in the moving electrode, the copper tube is fixed by the high pressure cylinder, the aluminum tube is placed in the fixed electrode and the aluminum tube is fixed by the cylinder. A mosaic block is mounted on the welding position of the fixed electrode aluminum tube, and the shape of the cavity of the mosaic block is consistent with the shape of the aluminum tube. When welding, the end of the aluminum tube is flush with the edge of the mosaic block, and the push cylinder is moved with the copper tube. The electrode is pushed to the aluminum tube, and at the same time, the copper-aluminum bonding region is electrically resistively heated, and the copper tube continuously moves to the inside of the aluminum tube under the action of the pushing cylinder. During the moving process, the pushing pressure and the welding current of the copper tube automatically adjust the current, Voltage, air pressure and other parameters, after power off, the mandrel is pushed along the copper tube toward the aluminum tube under the push of the welding equipment. .
6、 一种如权利要求 5所述的制备抗弯曲的铜铝管接头的方法， 其特征 在于焊接前在铜管导向部进行压槽。 A method of producing a bend-resistant copper-aluminum pipe joint according to claim 5, wherein the copper pipe guide portion is grooved before welding.
7、 一种如权利要求 5或 6所述的制备抗弯曲的铜铝管接头的方法， 其 特征在于顶推气缸将带有铜管的移动电极组推向铝管， 压力控制在 150kg~250kg„ 7. A method of preparing a bending-resistant copper-aluminum pipe joint according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the pushing cylinder pushes the moving electrode group with the copper pipe toward the aluminum pipe, and the pressure is controlled at 150 kg to 250 kg. „
8、 一种如权利要求 5所述的制备抗弯曲的铜铝管接头的方法所用的专 用芯棒， 其特征在于芯棒为多级连珠式， 前端为有尖状突起的压槽部， 压槽 部之后为环状箍型突起的扩口部。 8. A special mandrel for use in a method for producing a bend-resistant copper-aluminum pipe joint according to claim 5, wherein the mandrel is of a multi-stage bead type, and the front end is a grooved portion having a pointed projection, pressure The groove portion is followed by a flared portion of the annular hoop type projection.
9、 根据权利要求 8所述的制造抗弯曲的铜铝管接头的方法所用的专用 芯棒， 其特征在于压槽部前端设置有环状箍型突起的修整部。
A special mandrel for use in a method of producing a bend-resistant copper-aluminum pipe joint according to claim 8, wherein the front end of the groove portion is provided with a trim portion of the annular hoop type projection.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN200710145756.5 | 2007-09-05 | ||
| CN2007101457565A CN101382216B (en) | 2007-09-05 | 2007-09-05 | Counter bending copper-aluminium tube joint, method for producing same and special core rod |
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| WO2009030099A1 true WO2009030099A1 (en) | 2009-03-12 |
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| PCT/CN2008/001389 WO2009030099A1 (en) | 2007-09-05 | 2008-07-29 | Bending resistance cu-al pipe connector, producing method thereof and special core bar |
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| CN (1) | CN101382216B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2009030099A1 (en) |
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| CN103343847A (en) * | 2013-07-09 | 2013-10-09 | 扬州红人实业有限公司 | Copper aluminum tube and welding process thereof |
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| CN103363243B (en) * | 2013-08-07 | 2015-07-22 | 重庆望江工业有限公司 | Device for dressing candlestick inner pipe |
| CN107775167A (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2018-03-09 | 浙江康盛股份有限公司 | A kind of Cu-AL pipe thermal resistance composite connecting method |
| CN106425067A (en) * | 2016-10-14 | 2017-02-22 | 合肥太通制冷科技有限公司 | Resistance butt welding machine die provided with core rod |
| JP6928804B2 (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2021-09-01 | 奥村金属株式会社 | Joining body of copper pipe and aluminum pipe and its joining method |
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| US5549335A (en) * | 1994-04-06 | 1996-08-27 | Peerless Of America, Incorporated | Solderless metallurgical joint |
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| WO1997001057A1 (en) * | 1995-06-20 | 1997-01-09 | Nauchno-Issledovatelsky I Konstruktorsky Institut Energotekhniki | Fitting for use in welding stainless steel pipes with zirconium alloy pipes |
| CN1299038C (en) * | 2005-02-24 | 2007-02-07 | 左铁军 | Copper-aluminium combined pipeline for refrigerating system and its preparing method |
| CN1959171A (en) * | 2006-09-20 | 2007-05-09 | 左铁军 | Welded joint of thin wall copper aluminum pipe with no eutectic structure, and preparation method |
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| CN101382216B (en) | 2010-08-11 |
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