WO2008055588A1 - Turbolader - Google Patents
Turbolader Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2008055588A1 WO2008055588A1 PCT/EP2007/009192 EP2007009192W WO2008055588A1 WO 2008055588 A1 WO2008055588 A1 WO 2008055588A1 EP 2007009192 W EP2007009192 W EP 2007009192W WO 2008055588 A1 WO2008055588 A1 WO 2008055588A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- turbocharger
- valve
- compressor
- angle
- reference surface
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
- F02B37/12—Control of the pumps
- F02B37/16—Control of the pumps by bypassing charging air
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/10—Cores; Manufacture or installation of cores
- B22C9/101—Permanent cores
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D17/00—Regulating or controlling by varying flow
- F01D17/10—Final actuators
- F01D17/105—Final actuators by passing part of the fluid
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D9/00—Stators
- F01D9/02—Nozzles; Nozzle boxes; Stator blades; Guide conduits, e.g. individual nozzles
- F01D9/026—Scrolls for radial machines or engines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
- F02B37/02—Gas passages between engine outlet and pump drive, e.g. reservoirs
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories relating to, driven charging or scavenging pumps, not provided for in groups F02B33/00 - F02B37/00
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2220/00—Application
- F05D2220/40—Application in turbochargers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2230/00—Manufacture
- F05D2230/20—Manufacture essentially without removing material
- F05D2230/21—Manufacture essentially without removing material by casting
- F05D2230/211—Manufacture essentially without removing material by casting by precision casting, e.g. microfusing or investment casting
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2250/00—Geometry
- F05D2250/30—Arrangement of components
- F05D2250/31—Arrangement of components according to the direction of their main axis or their axis of rotation
- F05D2250/314—Arrangement of components according to the direction of their main axis or their axis of rotation the axes being inclined in relation to each other
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Definitions
- the invention relates to a turbocharger according to the preamble of claim 1.
- the throttle valve mounted behind the compressor of the turbocharger in the air collector.
- the throttle closes and the compressor of the turbocharger would promote due to its inertia air against a nearly closed volume. This would mean that the compressor would no longer be able to pump continuously and backflows would form. The compressor would pump. The speed of the turbocharger would therefore decrease very quickly.
- turbochargers can be provided with a recirculation valve (also called a recirculation valve), which opens pressure-controlled from a certain negative pressure via a spring-loaded valve element, a connecting channel, which returns the air to the compressor inlet.
- a recirculation valve also called a recirculation valve
- the compressor housing which has a valve flange for the recirculation valve, mainly produced by chill casting or sand casting. Furthermore, it is also known to produce such a valve housing in die casting, but here several moldings must be joined together, since the geometry of the individual moldings is to be chosen so that they can be demoulded in the die casting. However, this increases the design effort and thus the manufacturing cost.
- Verbhdungskanal the compressor housing which leads from the compressor spiral to the compressor inlet and the flange of the valve flange for the recirculation valve at an angle of large 0 ° to the reference side of the compressor housing, it is possible to use in die casting so-called slide, the can be pulled out of the compressor housing due to the setting of said angle to values of more than 0 ° after the casting process, which makes it possible to the compressor housing of the turbocharger according to the invention cost-effective way to produce in one piece in the die-casting.
- a compressor housing according to the invention is defined as a self-negotiable object.
- Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a turbocharger according to the invention for explaining the basic structure thereof;
- FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the compressor housing according to the invention for a turbocharger according to FIG. 1.
- turbocharger 1 serves to illustrate the principal components of a turbocharger 1 according to the invention, which, as usual, has a turbine 2 and a compressor 3, which is connected to the turbine 2 via a bearing housing 4.
- a turbine 2 and a compressor 3 which is connected to the turbine 2 via a bearing housing 4.
- all other conventional components such as a rotor shaft, the compressor and the turbine wheel are provided, which will not be explained in more detail below, since they are not required for the explanation of the principles of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 the compressor housing 5 of the compressor 3 is shown in a sectional view.
- the compressor housing 5 has a reference surface BF, which is arranged perpendicular to the turbocharger axis A L and the coil axially limited to the bearing housing side.
- the compressor housing 5 has a valve flange 6, on which the recirculation valve explained in the introduction, which in FIG. 2 is not shown in detail, can be fastened.
- the valve flange 6 has a flange surface 8, in which an inlet opening 10 is arranged, to which a connecting channel 9 connects to the compressor inlet 7.
- the valve flange 6 has a valve seat 11 for the closing element, not shown, of the recirculation valve.
- the channel axis A K is arranged at an angle ⁇ to the valve seat.
- the flange 8 is arranged at an angle ⁇ to the reference surface BF, which, as the angle ß in the illustrated embodiment is greater than 0 ° and preferably formed as an acute angle.
- the line BF 1 represents a parallel displacement of the reference surface BF in order to be able to represent the position of the angle ⁇ in a simplified manner.
- valve housing 5 By choosing the angle ⁇ and ß with angular dimensions of more than 0 °, it is possible to produce the valve housing 5 in one piece by die casting, as it is possible by an appropriate choice of the angle ⁇ and ß greater than 0 °, in the range of to be cast compressor housing in which the connecting channel 9 is to arise to arrange a slide, which can be removed from the molded valve housing 5 after the casting process.
- A inner diameter of the valve opening 10
- a L ; G distance of the center of the valve opening 10 to the
- Turbocharger axis A L I distance between the reference side or the reference surface BF and the center of the valve opening 10; V: distance of the intersection of the valve flange axis A VF with the spiral cross-section center to the reference surface BF; R: distance of the inner wall of the inlet nozzle 7 of the
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Supercharger (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP07819253A EP2079908A1 (de) | 2006-11-09 | 2007-10-23 | Turbolader |
JP2009535591A JP5325786B2 (ja) | 2006-11-09 | 2007-10-23 | ターボチャージャ |
US12/444,757 US8161745B2 (en) | 2006-11-09 | 2007-10-23 | Turbocharger |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102006052944 | 2006-11-09 | ||
DE102006052944.8 | 2006-11-09 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2008055588A1 true WO2008055588A1 (de) | 2008-05-15 |
Family
ID=39066136
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2007/009192 WO2008055588A1 (de) | 2006-11-09 | 2007-10-23 | Turbolader |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8161745B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP2079908A1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP5325786B2 (de) |
KR (1) | KR20090087879A (de) |
CN (1) | CN101529062A (de) |
WO (1) | WO2008055588A1 (de) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102008047448A1 (de) * | 2008-09-16 | 2010-03-25 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Abgasturbolader |
DE102010013264A1 (de) | 2010-03-29 | 2011-09-29 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Turboladergehäuse mit einer Ventileinrichtung und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines solchen Turboladergehäuses |
US8919122B2 (en) | 2011-08-10 | 2014-12-30 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Compressor housing and exhaust gas turbine supercharger |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2013525685A (ja) * | 2010-04-27 | 2013-06-20 | ボーグワーナー インコーポレーテッド | 排気ガスターボチャージャのコンプレッサ |
DE112011102910T5 (de) * | 2010-10-11 | 2013-06-20 | Borgwarner Inc. | Abgasturbolader |
US20150044023A1 (en) * | 2012-03-06 | 2015-02-12 | Borgwarner Inc. | Exhaust-gas turbocharger |
JP6040727B2 (ja) * | 2012-11-21 | 2016-12-07 | 株式会社Ihi | 過給機 |
DE102012025411A1 (de) * | 2012-12-20 | 2014-07-10 | Borgwarner Inc. | Schubumluftventil eines Abgasturbolader-Verdichters |
US10344665B2 (en) * | 2016-01-22 | 2019-07-09 | Garrett Transportation I Inc. | Compressor recirculation system having compressor inlet recirculation duct configured to reduce noise from Rossiter excitation and cavity acoustic resonance |
DE102017209789B3 (de) * | 2017-06-09 | 2018-05-03 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Aufgeladene Brennkraftmaschine mit ansaugseitiger Bypassleitung und Verfahren zum Betreiben einer derartigen Brennkraftmaschine |
KR20210024336A (ko) * | 2019-08-22 | 2021-03-05 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 터보차저 |
EP3835590A1 (de) | 2019-12-11 | 2021-06-16 | BMTS Technology GmbH & Co. KG | Verdichter und verdichtergehäuse |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0123515A1 (de) * | 1983-04-22 | 1984-10-31 | The Garrett Corporation | Verdichter |
EP1400670A1 (de) * | 2002-09-23 | 2004-03-24 | ABB Turbo Systems AG | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Betreiben eines Abgasturboladers |
WO2005042941A1 (en) * | 2003-10-20 | 2005-05-12 | Honeywell International Inc. | Adjustable valve, in particular a recirculation valve for a turbocharger |
WO2005068803A1 (en) * | 2004-01-14 | 2005-07-28 | Lotus Cars Limited | A turbocharged internal combustion engine |
WO2006029814A1 (de) * | 2004-09-14 | 2006-03-23 | A. Kayser Automotive Systems Gmbh | Abblaseventil für einen turbolader |
DE102005008657A1 (de) * | 2005-02-25 | 2006-08-31 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Motorbremsverfahren für eine Brennkraftmaschine mit zwei in Reihe geschalteten Abgasturboladern |
Family Cites Families (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1503581B1 (de) * | 1965-05-04 | 1970-12-17 | Maschf Augsburg Nuernberg Ag | Mit Abgasturbo-Aufladung betriebene Zweitakt-Brennkraftmaschine |
US4008572A (en) * | 1975-02-25 | 1977-02-22 | Cummins Engine Company, Inc. | Turbine housing |
JPS56167813A (en) * | 1980-05-28 | 1981-12-23 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Surge preventing apparatus for turbocharger |
DE3504465C1 (de) * | 1985-02-09 | 1986-01-02 | M.A.N.-B & W Diesel GmbH, 8900 Augsburg | Vorrichtung zum Aufladen eines Verbrennungsmotors |
US5137003A (en) * | 1989-05-19 | 1992-08-11 | Mitsubishi Denki K.K. | Supercharged pressure control valve apparatus |
GB2234295B (en) * | 1989-07-21 | 1993-07-21 | Rolls Royce Plc | Gas turbine engine compressor assembly |
JPH0481523A (ja) * | 1990-07-20 | 1992-03-16 | Asahi Tec Corp | ターボチャージャ用タービンハウジングおよびその製造方法 |
GB2246395A (en) * | 1990-07-26 | 1992-01-29 | Garrett Automotive Limited | Noise attenuation in a turbocharger |
US5269144A (en) * | 1991-09-10 | 1993-12-14 | Detroit Diesel Corporation | Methanol fueled turbocharged diesel cycle internal combustion engine |
DE4334466A1 (de) * | 1993-10-09 | 1995-04-13 | Abb Management Ag | Abgasturbolader |
JP3553324B2 (ja) * | 1997-07-09 | 2004-08-11 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | 過給圧制御装置の取付構造 |
DE19836677C2 (de) * | 1998-08-13 | 2001-04-19 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Motorbremseinrichtung für eine Brennkraftmaschine mit einem Abgasturbolader |
DE50303860D1 (de) * | 2003-11-28 | 2006-07-27 | Borgwarner Inc | Gehäuse für Turbolader |
DE102004044140A1 (de) * | 2004-09-13 | 2006-03-30 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Impulslader im Ansaugtrakt einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine |
-
2007
- 2007-10-23 JP JP2009535591A patent/JP5325786B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2007-10-23 CN CNA2007800399221A patent/CN101529062A/zh active Pending
- 2007-10-23 KR KR1020097009407A patent/KR20090087879A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2007-10-23 WO PCT/EP2007/009192 patent/WO2008055588A1/de active Application Filing
- 2007-10-23 EP EP07819253A patent/EP2079908A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2007-10-23 US US12/444,757 patent/US8161745B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0123515A1 (de) * | 1983-04-22 | 1984-10-31 | The Garrett Corporation | Verdichter |
EP1400670A1 (de) * | 2002-09-23 | 2004-03-24 | ABB Turbo Systems AG | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Betreiben eines Abgasturboladers |
WO2005042941A1 (en) * | 2003-10-20 | 2005-05-12 | Honeywell International Inc. | Adjustable valve, in particular a recirculation valve for a turbocharger |
WO2005068803A1 (en) * | 2004-01-14 | 2005-07-28 | Lotus Cars Limited | A turbocharged internal combustion engine |
WO2006029814A1 (de) * | 2004-09-14 | 2006-03-23 | A. Kayser Automotive Systems Gmbh | Abblaseventil für einen turbolader |
DE102005008657A1 (de) * | 2005-02-25 | 2006-08-31 | Daimlerchrysler Ag | Motorbremsverfahren für eine Brennkraftmaschine mit zwei in Reihe geschalteten Abgasturboladern |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102008047448A1 (de) * | 2008-09-16 | 2010-03-25 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Abgasturbolader |
US8869525B2 (en) | 2008-09-16 | 2014-10-28 | Borgwarner Inc. | Exhaust-gas turbocharger |
DE102010013264A1 (de) | 2010-03-29 | 2011-09-29 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Turboladergehäuse mit einer Ventileinrichtung und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines solchen Turboladergehäuses |
WO2011120825A1 (de) | 2010-03-29 | 2011-10-06 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Turboladergehäuse mit einer ventileinrichtung und verfahren zur herstellung eines solchen turboladergehäuses |
US9677568B2 (en) | 2010-03-29 | 2017-06-13 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Turbocharger housing having a valve device, and method for manufacturing a turbocharger housing of said type |
US8919122B2 (en) | 2011-08-10 | 2014-12-30 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Compressor housing and exhaust gas turbine supercharger |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR20090087879A (ko) | 2009-08-18 |
JP2010509530A (ja) | 2010-03-25 |
US20100047054A1 (en) | 2010-02-25 |
JP5325786B2 (ja) | 2013-10-23 |
US8161745B2 (en) | 2012-04-24 |
EP2079908A1 (de) | 2009-07-22 |
CN101529062A (zh) | 2009-09-09 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
WO2008055588A1 (de) | Turbolader | |
EP2147216B1 (de) | Abgasturbolader | |
EP2715089B1 (de) | Abgasturbolader mit einem kugelhahn-wastegate-ventil mit spannungsentlastetem kurbelarm | |
DE102004055571A1 (de) | Abgasturbolader für eine Brennkraftmaschine | |
WO2011086069A1 (de) | Frischgasversorgungsvorrichtung für eine verbrennungsmaschine und verfahren zum betrieb einer solchen frischgasversorgungsvorrichtung | |
EP2859190B1 (de) | Turbinengehäuse für einen abgasturbolader | |
EP2553275B1 (de) | Turboladergehäuse mit einer ventileinrichtung und verfahren zur herstellung eines solchen turboladergehäuses | |
WO2012062407A1 (de) | Einsatzelement für eine turbine eines abgasturboladers, abgasturbolader sowie turbine für einen abgasturbolader | |
DE10335261A1 (de) | Verdichterrad und/oder Turbinenrad für eine Sekundärluftfördereinrichtung | |
WO2017102041A1 (de) | Ventilelement für eine turbine eines abgasturboladers | |
WO2017025235A1 (de) | Verdichter eines turboladers mit einem schubumluftventil sowie turbolader und kraftfahrzeug mit einem solchen verdichter | |
DE102007048852B4 (de) | Verdichtergehäuse für den Verdichter eines Turboladers und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines solchen Verdichtergehäuses | |
DE102008051981A1 (de) | Turboladeranordnung | |
DE102014007181B4 (de) | Abgasturbolader für ein Antriebsaggregat | |
DE202009014443U1 (de) | Schaltvorrichtung | |
DE102005032002A1 (de) | Abgasturbolader für eine Brennkraftmaschine und Brennkraftmaschine mit einem Abgasturbolader | |
WO2017153025A1 (de) | Ventilelement für eine turbine eines abgasturboladers | |
EP2405111A1 (de) | Verbrennungskraftmaschine mit einer Aufladevorrichtung zum Verdichten eines Betriebsgases | |
DE102015012726A1 (de) | Turbine für einen Abgasturbolader | |
WO2016184549A1 (de) | Radialverdichter, insbesondere für einen abgasturbolader einer verbrennungskraftmaschine | |
DE10244536A1 (de) | Brennkraftmaschine mit einem Verdichter und Verfahren hierzu | |
EP2432979B1 (de) | Gehäuse einer frischgasversorgungseinrichtung für eine verbrennungsmaschine und frischgasversorgungseinrichtung | |
DE102018111560A1 (de) | Verdichter, Brennkraftmaschine und Kraftfahrzeug | |
DE102015012727A1 (de) | Ventilelement für eine Turbine eines Abgasturboladers | |
DE102015008426A1 (de) | Ventilelement, insbesondere Wastegate, für eine Turbine eines Abgasturboladers |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 200780039922.1 Country of ref document: CN |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 07819253 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 12444757 Country of ref document: US |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2009535591 Country of ref document: JP Kind code of ref document: A |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 1020097009407 Country of ref document: KR |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 1719/KOLNP/2009 Country of ref document: IN |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2007819253 Country of ref document: EP |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |