WO2006048043A1 - Secure authenticated channel - Google Patents
Secure authenticated channel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2006048043A1 WO2006048043A1 PCT/EP2004/052722 EP2004052722W WO2006048043A1 WO 2006048043 A1 WO2006048043 A1 WO 2006048043A1 EP 2004052722 W EP2004052722 W EP 2004052722W WO 2006048043 A1 WO2006048043 A1 WO 2006048043A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- key
- ephemeral
- public key
- calculating
- certificate
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
- H04L9/30—Public key, i.e. encryption algorithm being computationally infeasible to invert or user's encryption keys not requiring secrecy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
- H04L9/08—Key distribution or management, e.g. generation, sharing or updating, of cryptographic keys or passwords
- H04L9/0816—Key establishment, i.e. cryptographic processes or cryptographic protocols whereby a shared secret becomes available to two or more parties, for subsequent use
- H04L9/0838—Key agreement, i.e. key establishment technique in which a shared key is derived by parties as a function of information contributed by, or associated with, each of these
- H04L9/0841—Key agreement, i.e. key establishment technique in which a shared key is derived by parties as a function of information contributed by, or associated with, each of these involving Diffie-Hellman or related key agreement protocols
Definitions
- the invention relates generally to secure authenticated channels, and in particular to calculation of session keys for establishment of such channels for protection of digital content, for example in a digital television system.
- Secure authenticated channels well known in the art of cryptography, are established to allow two mutually authenticated devices (often called peers) to exchange information confidentially.
- a secure authenticated channel should preferably have the following characteristics:
- the protocols that do provide channels with the required characteristics all use a number of different cryptographic primitives: at least one asymmetric primitive (such as asymmetric encryption or digital signature), hash functions, Message Authentication Code (MAC), and, in some of them, other primitives such as symmetric encryption.
- asymmetric primitive such as asymmetric encryption or digital signature
- hash functions such as asymmetric encryption or digital signature
- MAC Message Authentication Code
- a problem with these protocols is that they are quite resource consuming and are as such difficult to implement in a device with limited computing capabilities, such as for example a portable security module, like a smart card.
- Another problem is that the use of many cryptographic primitives makes it difficult to prove that a protocol is secure.
- the present invention provides a secure access channel protocol that has the required characteristics and that is particularly suitable for implementation in a device with limited computing capabilities.
- the invention is directed to a method of calculating a session key common to a first and a second device (11, 21 ).
- the first device has a certificate (C 3 ) comprising a public key (g a ) and an identity corresponding to itself (ID 3 ), and knowledge of the identity corresponding to itself (IDg), a private key (a), and the public key (g a ).
- the second device has a corresponding certificate and knowledge.
- the first device chooses a first ephemeral private key (x), calculates a first ephemeral public key (g x ), and sends its certificate (C a ) and the first ephemeral public key (g x ) to the second device.
- the second device Upon reception of the certificate of the first device (C a ) and the first ephemeral public key (g x ), the second device verifies the certificate of the first device(Ca), chooses a second ephemeral private key (y), calculates a second ephemeral public key (g y ), calculates an ephemeral shared key (K ⁇ P h) from the first ephemeral public key (g x ) and the second ephemeral private key (y), calculates a permanent key (K p ⁇ r m) from the public key of the first device (g a ) and its own private key (b), calculates a first value (H(g y , K ⁇ p h, K pe rm, IDb)) from the second ephemeral public key (g y ), the ephemeral shared key (K ep h), the permanent key (K per m), and the identity corresponding to itself
- the first device Upon reception of the certificate of the second device (C b ), the second ephemeral public key (g y ) and the first value (H(g y , K ⁇ ph , K p ⁇ ⁇ m ⁇ lD b )) from trie second device, the first device verifies the certificate of the second device(Cb), calculates the ephemeral shared key (K ep h) from the second ephemeral public key (g y ) and the first ephemeral private key (x), calculates the permanent key (K per m) from the public key of the first device (g b ) and its own private key (a), verifies the first value (H(g y , K ⁇ P h, K p ⁇ rm, IDb)), calculates a second value (H(g x , K ⁇ P h, Kperm, ID 3 )) from the first ephemeral public key (g x ), the
- the second device Upon reception of the second value (H(g x , K ep h, IC pe rm, ID a )), the second device verifies the second value (H(g x , K ep h, K p ⁇ rm, ID 3 )), and calculates a session key (K seS s) as a function of the ephemeral shared key (K ep h). The first device also calculates the session key (Ks ⁇ S s) as a function of the ephemeral shared key (K eph ). [0009]
- the invention is directed to a first device (11 ) for participating, with a second device (21 ), in the calculation of a session key.
- the first device has a certificate (C a ) comprising a public key (g a ) and an identity corresponding to itself (ID 8 ), and knowledge Df the identity corresponding to itself (ID 3 ), a private key (a), and the public key (g a ).
- the first device comprises a processor (12) for choosing an ephemeral private key (x); calculating a first ephemeral public key (g x ); sending its certificate (Ca) and the first ephemeral public key (g x ) to the second devi ce; receiving a certificate of the second device (Cb), a second ephemeral public key (g y ) and a first value (H(g y , K ep h, K p ⁇ rm, IDb)) from the second device, the certificate (C b ) comprising a public key (g b ) and an identity of the second device (IDb), and the first value (H(g y , K ⁇ P h, K pe rm, IDb)) being calculated from the second ephemeral public key (g y ), an ephemeral shared key (Ke P h), a permanent key (Kperm), and the identity corresponding to the second device (ID
- the invention is directed to a second device (21) for participating, with a first device (11), in the calculation of a session key.
- the second device has a certificate (Cb) comprising a public key (g b ) and an identity corresponding to itself (ID b ), and knowledge of the identity corresponding to itself (ID b ), a private key (b), and the public key (g b ).
- the second device comprises a processor (22) for receiving a certificate of the first device (C 3 ) and a first ephemeral public key (g x ), the certificate comprising a public key (g a ) and an identity of the first device (ID 3 ); verifying the certificate of the first device (C 8 ); choosing an ephemeral private key (y); calculating a second ephemeral public key (g y ); calculating an ephemeral shared key (K ⁇ Ph ) from the first ephemeral public key (g x ) and the ephemeral private key (y); calculating a permanent key (K pe rm) from the public key of the first device (g a ) and its own private key (b); calculating a first value (H(g y , Keph, Kperm, ID b )) from the second ephemeral public key (g y ), the ephemeral shared key (K e
- Figure 1 illustrates the session key exchange according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 1 illustrates the session key exchange according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the first device 11 Before the start of the method, the first device 11 knows its identity ID 3 , its own private key a and public key g a .
- g a is a short notation for g a mod p, where a is the first device's private key, g is a known generator and p is a known prime number, as is well known in the art.
- the second device 21 has the corresponding knowledge: ID b , b, g b . Certificates for the devices comprise the public key and the identity; C a (g a , ID 3 ) and C b (g b , ID b ), respectively.
- the devices 11, 12 also have processors (CPU) 12, 22 adapted to effect the steps of the method.
- the first device 11 chooses, preferably randomly, a first ephemeral private key x and calculates an ephemeral public key g x , that it sends together with its certificate C a (g a , ID 3 ) to the second device 21 in message 254.
- the second device 21 calculates a first hash value H(g y , K ⁇ ph, Kperm, IDb) using the second ephemeral public key g y , the ephemeral shared key Ke P h, the Diffie-Hellman permanent key K pe rm, and its identity ID b , and a suitable hash function, for example one of the many functions known in the art. It should be known that other suitable functions than hash functions may be used for this and the following hash value calculations of the embodiment.
- the second device 21 then sends the second ephemeral public key g y , its certificate C b (g b , ID b ), and the first hash value H(g y , K ⁇ P h, Kp ⁇ rm , ID b ) to the first device 11 in message 262.
- the first device 11 verifies the certificate C b (g b , ID b ) of the second device 21 ; step 264. If the verification is unsuccessful, the first device 11 abandons the method. However, if the verification is successful, the first device 11 computes the ephemeral shared key K ep h and the Diffie-Hellman permanent key K pe rm in step 266.
- the first device 11 verifies the first hash value, using the same hash function as the second device 21 used in step 260. If the first hash value is not verified, then the first device 11 aborts the method, but if the first hash value is verified, then the first device 11 calculates a second hash value H(g x , K ep h, Kperm, ID 3 ) in step 270, using the first ephemeral public key g x , the ephemeral shared key K ep h, the Diffie-Hellman permanent key K P ⁇ rm and its identity ID a . The first device 11 sends the second hash value H(g x , K ⁇ P h, K per m, ID a ) to the second device 21 in message 272.
- the second device 21 Upon reception of the message 272, the second device 21 verifies the second hash value H(g x , K ep h, K per m, ID 3 ) in step 274, using the same hash function as the one used by the first device 10 in step 270.
- the second device 21 If the second hash value is not verified, then the second device 21 aborts the protocol, but if the second hash value is verified, then the second device 21 calculates, in step 276, a session key K sess by calculating the hash value of the ephemeral shared key K ⁇ P h- Then it sends a "ready" message 278 to the first device 11 to indicate that the second hash value H(g x , K ⁇ P h, K perm , ID 3 ) has been successfully verified and the session key K sess has been calculated.
- the first device 11 Upon reception of the "ready" message 278 from the second device 21 , the first device 11 calculates, in step 280, the same session key K s ⁇ SS by calculating the hash value of the ephemeral shared key K ep h, using the same hash function as that used by the second device 21 in step 276. Then the first device 11 sends a "ready" message 282 to the second device 21 to indicate that it too has calculated the session key K seS s- [0020] At this point, both the first device 11 and the second device 21 possess the session key K seS s that can be used to protect information sent between them. With the protocol according to the invention, the confidentiality of the private keys is assured, the authentication and the key confirmation are mutual.
- security module encompasses any kind of security module, portable or stationary, that comprises a processor and can be used to establish a secure authenticated channel according to the invention, such as for example smart cards, PC cards (formerly known as PCMCIA cards), and integrated circuits soldered to the Printed Circuit Board of an apparatus such as a television.
- the embodiment described hereinbefore is particularly suited for implementation in a digital television set and a security module.
- a person skilled in the art will appreciate that the invention may be implemented and used by any kind of device with the necessary resources, i.e. a processor and preferably a memory storing the necessary information.
- Non-limitative examples of other devices are DVD players, computers interacting with external accessories, and Automatic Teller Machines (ATMs) and bankcards.
- ATMs Automatic Teller Machines
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Computing Systems (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer And Data Communications (AREA)
- Storage Device Security (AREA)
- Management, Administration, Business Operations System, And Electronic Commerce (AREA)
- Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
- Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)
- Air Bags (AREA)
- Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)
- Information Retrieval, Db Structures And Fs Structures Therefor (AREA)
- Debugging And Monitoring (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (13)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
BRPI0419162-5A BRPI0419162A (en) | 2004-10-29 | 2004-10-29 | secure and authenticated channel |
KR1020077009716A KR101075334B1 (en) | 2004-10-29 | 2004-10-29 | Secure authenticated channel |
PCT/EP2004/052722 WO2006048043A1 (en) | 2004-10-29 | 2004-10-29 | Secure authenticated channel |
EP04822347A EP1805929B1 (en) | 2004-10-29 | 2004-10-29 | Secure authenticated channel |
AU2004324546A AU2004324546B2 (en) | 2004-10-29 | 2004-10-29 | Secure authenticated channel |
ES04822347T ES2348240T3 (en) | 2004-10-29 | 2004-10-29 | SAFE AUTHENTICATED CHANNEL. |
JP2007538278A JP4719749B2 (en) | 2004-10-29 | 2004-10-29 | Secure authentication channel |
CN2004800442942A CN101048970B (en) | 2004-10-29 | 2004-10-29 | Secure authenticated channel |
MX2007005037A MX2007005037A (en) | 2004-10-29 | 2004-10-29 | Secure authenticated channel. |
KR1020097022717A KR101075316B1 (en) | 2004-10-29 | 2004-10-29 | Secure authenticated channel |
DE602004028670T DE602004028670D1 (en) | 2004-10-29 | 2004-10-29 | SAFE AUTHENTICATED CHANNEL |
AT04822347T ATE477636T1 (en) | 2004-10-29 | 2004-10-29 | SECURE AUTHENTICATED CHANNEL |
RU2009102230/08A RU2488226C2 (en) | 2004-10-29 | 2009-01-23 | Secure authenticated channel |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2004/052722 WO2006048043A1 (en) | 2004-10-29 | 2004-10-29 | Secure authenticated channel |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2006048043A1 true WO2006048043A1 (en) | 2006-05-11 |
Family
ID=34959210
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2004/052722 WO2006048043A1 (en) | 2004-10-29 | 2004-10-29 | Secure authenticated channel |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1805929B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP4719749B2 (en) |
KR (2) | KR101075316B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN101048970B (en) |
AT (1) | ATE477636T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2004324546B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BRPI0419162A (en) |
DE (1) | DE602004028670D1 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2348240T3 (en) |
MX (1) | MX2007005037A (en) |
RU (1) | RU2488226C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2006048043A1 (en) |
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WO2009056048A1 (en) * | 2007-10-23 | 2009-05-07 | Yao Andrew C | Method and structure for self-sealed joint proof-of-knowledge and diffie-hellman key-exchange protocols |
EP2073430A1 (en) | 2007-12-21 | 2009-06-24 | Research In Motion Limited | Methods and systems for secure channel initialization transaction security based on a low entropy shared secret |
US7646872B2 (en) | 2004-04-02 | 2010-01-12 | Research In Motion Limited | Systems and methods to securely generate shared keys |
US20100281275A1 (en) * | 2008-01-09 | 2010-11-04 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Method of recording content on disc, method of providing title key, apparatus for recording content on disc, and content providing server |
US8336083B2 (en) | 2007-11-16 | 2012-12-18 | China Iwncomm Co., Ltd. | Trusted network access control system based ternary equal identification |
US8412943B2 (en) | 2007-11-08 | 2013-04-02 | China Iwncomm Co., Ltd. | Two-way access authentication method |
US8417955B2 (en) | 2007-12-14 | 2013-04-09 | China Iwncomm Co., Ltd. | Entity bidirectional authentication method and system |
US8452017B2 (en) | 2007-12-21 | 2013-05-28 | Research In Motion Limited | Methods and systems for secure channel initialization transaction security based on a low entropy shared secret |
US8495375B2 (en) | 2007-12-21 | 2013-07-23 | Research In Motion Limited | Methods and systems for secure channel initialization |
EP2073484B1 (en) * | 2007-12-21 | 2014-07-02 | BlackBerry Limited | Methods and systems for secure channel initialization |
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US9154827B2 (en) | 2009-01-12 | 2015-10-06 | Thomson Licensing | Method and device for reception of control words, and device for transmission thereof |
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- 2004-10-29 DE DE602004028670T patent/DE602004028670D1/en active Active
- 2004-10-29 AU AU2004324546A patent/AU2004324546B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2004-10-29 EP EP04822347A patent/EP1805929B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2004-10-29 AT AT04822347T patent/ATE477636T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-10-29 CN CN2004800442942A patent/CN101048970B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-10-29 ES ES04822347T patent/ES2348240T3/en active Active
- 2004-10-29 BR BRPI0419162-5A patent/BRPI0419162A/en active Search and Examination
- 2004-10-29 MX MX2007005037A patent/MX2007005037A/en active IP Right Grant
- 2004-10-29 WO PCT/EP2004/052722 patent/WO2006048043A1/en active Application Filing
- 2004-10-29 KR KR1020077009716A patent/KR101075334B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2004-10-29 JP JP2007538278A patent/JP4719749B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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US7646872B2 (en) | 2004-04-02 | 2010-01-12 | Research In Motion Limited | Systems and methods to securely generate shared keys |
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US8218773B2 (en) | 2004-04-02 | 2012-07-10 | Research In Motion Limited | Systems and methods to securely generate shared keys |
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WO2009056048A1 (en) * | 2007-10-23 | 2009-05-07 | Yao Andrew C | Method and structure for self-sealed joint proof-of-knowledge and diffie-hellman key-exchange protocols |
US8412943B2 (en) | 2007-11-08 | 2013-04-02 | China Iwncomm Co., Ltd. | Two-way access authentication method |
US8336083B2 (en) | 2007-11-16 | 2012-12-18 | China Iwncomm Co., Ltd. | Trusted network access control system based ternary equal identification |
US8417955B2 (en) | 2007-12-14 | 2013-04-09 | China Iwncomm Co., Ltd. | Entity bidirectional authentication method and system |
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US8495375B2 (en) | 2007-12-21 | 2013-07-23 | Research In Motion Limited | Methods and systems for secure channel initialization |
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EP2955657A1 (en) | 2014-06-12 | 2015-12-16 | Thomson Licensing | Apparatuses and methods for password authentication |
EP2955654A1 (en) | 2014-06-12 | 2015-12-16 | Thomson Licensing | Apparatus and method for password authentication |
US10025918B2 (en) | 2014-06-12 | 2018-07-17 | Thomson Licensing | Apparatus and method for password authentication |
EP3067811A1 (en) | 2015-03-12 | 2016-09-14 | Thomson Licensing | Apparatus and method for password authentication |
EP3086226A1 (en) | 2015-04-23 | 2016-10-26 | Thomson Licensing | Device and method for providing code blocks to a client during execution of software code |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN101048970A (en) | 2007-10-03 |
AU2004324546A1 (en) | 2006-05-11 |
ES2348240T3 (en) | 2010-12-01 |
KR101075334B1 (en) | 2011-10-19 |
EP1805929A1 (en) | 2007-07-11 |
DE602004028670D1 (en) | 2010-09-23 |
KR20070070198A (en) | 2007-07-03 |
JP2008518530A (en) | 2008-05-29 |
JP4719749B2 (en) | 2011-07-06 |
RU2009102230A (en) | 2010-07-27 |
CN101048970B (en) | 2012-05-23 |
ATE477636T1 (en) | 2010-08-15 |
BRPI0419162A (en) | 2007-12-11 |
AU2004324546B2 (en) | 2009-12-24 |
MX2007005037A (en) | 2007-06-19 |
EP1805929B1 (en) | 2010-08-11 |
KR20090119791A (en) | 2009-11-19 |
RU2488226C2 (en) | 2013-07-20 |
KR101075316B1 (en) | 2011-10-19 |
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