WO2006013679A1 - 菌数測定方法、菌数測定装置及びこの装置に用いられるセル - Google Patents
菌数測定方法、菌数測定装置及びこの装置に用いられるセル Download PDFInfo
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- WO2006013679A1 WO2006013679A1 PCT/JP2005/011062 JP2005011062W WO2006013679A1 WO 2006013679 A1 WO2006013679 A1 WO 2006013679A1 JP 2005011062 W JP2005011062 W JP 2005011062W WO 2006013679 A1 WO2006013679 A1 WO 2006013679A1
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- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 241000588724 Escherichia coli Species 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 101
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 claims description 83
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 43
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000002503 metabolic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007671 pyg medium Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 17
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 15
- 238000011088 calibration curve Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 8
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 5
- 241000222122 Candida albicans Species 0.000 description 4
- 229940095731 candida albicans Drugs 0.000 description 4
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012136 culture method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000001072 colon Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002538 fungal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008272 agar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000112 colonic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/10—Investigating individual particles
- G01N15/1031—Investigating individual particles by measuring electrical or magnetic effects
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/02—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving viable microorganisms
- C12Q1/04—Determining presence or kind of microorganism; Use of selective media for testing antibiotics or bacteriocides; Compositions containing a chemical indicator therefor
- C12Q1/06—Quantitative determination
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/02—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving viable microorganisms
- C12Q1/04—Determining presence or kind of microorganism; Use of selective media for testing antibiotics or bacteriocides; Compositions containing a chemical indicator therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/02—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving viable microorganisms
- C12Q1/04—Determining presence or kind of microorganism; Use of selective media for testing antibiotics or bacteriocides; Compositions containing a chemical indicator therefor
- C12Q1/10—Enterobacteria
Definitions
- Bacteria count measuring method Bacteria count measuring method, bacteria count measuring apparatus, and cell used in this apparatus
- the present invention relates to a method for measuring the number of bacteria, a device for measuring the number of bacteria, and a cell used in the apparatus, and in particular, a method for measuring the number of bacteria using an oxygen electrode, and a device for measuring the number of bacteria. And the cell used in this device.
- the time required for the current flowing in the liquid medium containing the specimen having an unknown initial number of bacteria to decrease to a predetermined threshold can be obtained, and the initial number of bacteria corresponding to this required time can be specified.
- the initial bacterial count can be accurately measured in a short time.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2000-287699
- the oxygen concentration does not decrease sharply by performing normal culture with a low fungal respiration rate. There was a problem that could not be measured accurately.
- the fungus has a slow growth rate. If it does not grow for about a week, it cannot be determined by the conventional oxygen electrode method.
- the present invention provides a method for measuring the number of bacteria, a device for measuring the number of bacteria, and a cell used in this device, capable of accurately and reproducibly measuring the initial number of bacteria using the oxygen electrode method.
- the purpose is to do.
- the present invention provides a method for measuring the number of bacteria, a device for measuring the number of bacteria, and a cell used in this device, which can measure the initial number of bacteria with respect to fungi with high accuracy and a greatly reduced measurement time. The purpose is to do.
- the solving means according to claim 1 of the present invention includes the step (a) of adding a sample to be measured containing a predetermined bacterial species to a predetermined medium, a predetermined temperature, and a predetermined constant voltage. Using the oxygen electrode, the step (b) of measuring the current value flowing in the medium to which the sample has been added, and the current value once decreased after starting the measurement in step (b) Measuring a required time until the predetermined threshold value is exceeded, and (d) calculating an initial number of bacterial species included in the sample based on the required time.
- the method for measuring the number of bacteria according to claim 1 of the present invention includes a step (a) of adding a sample to be measured containing a predetermined bacterial species to a predetermined medium, a predetermined temperature, and a predetermined A step (b) of measuring the current value flowing in the medium to which the sample has been added using an oxygen electrode at a constant voltage, and the current value that has decreased since the measurement in step (b) was started. Then, the step (c) of measuring the time required for the subsequent rise to exceed a predetermined threshold value, and the step (d) of calculating the initial number of bacterial species contained in the sample based on the required time. Therefore, it is possible to improve the accuracy of the initial bacterial count by utilizing the newly discovered phenomenon that the current value rises after a drop. In addition, there is an effect that measurement with reproducibility can be performed.
- the solving means according to claim 2 of the present invention is the method of measuring the number of bacteria according to claim 1, wherein the current value decreases and then increases after the bacterial species contained in the sample. Caused by metabolic activity.
- the current value once decreases and then increases because of the metabolic activity of the bacterial species contained in the sample. There is an effect that a good and reproducible measurement can be performed.
- the solving means according to claim 3 of the present invention is the method of measuring the number of bacteria according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the medium is a medium used in the specific enzyme substrate medium method, The species is coliform or coliform.
- the current value is once This is one of the conditions under which the newly discovered phenomenon of rising after a decrease can be used, and has the effect of making it possible to accurately and reproducibly measure the initial bacterial count.
- the solution according to claim 4 of the present invention is the method of measuring the number of bacteria according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the medium is a PYG medium and the bacterial species is a fungus. .
- the culture medium is a PYG medium
- the bacterial species is a fungus. This is one of the conditions in which the phenomenon can be used, and has the effect that the initial number of bacteria can be measured with high accuracy and reproducibility.
- the method for measuring the number of bacteria according to claim 4 of the present invention can use a newly discovered phenomenon, there is an effect that the measurement time can be greatly shortened as compared with the conventional method.
- the solution according to claim 5 of the present invention includes a cell containing a sample to be measured containing a predetermined bacterial species and a predetermined medium, an oxygen electrode provided in the cell, and a predetermined temperature.
- the current measurement unit that measures the current value flowing in the culture medium to which the sample is added using the oxygen electrode at a predetermined constant voltage, and the current value that has once decreased after the measurement in the current measurement unit is started.
- the required time measurement unit that measures the time required to rise and exceed the predetermined threshold value, and based on the required time, calculate the initial number of bacteria contained in the sample.
- the bacteria count calculator Is provided.
- the bacterial count measuring apparatus includes a cell containing a sample to be measured containing a predetermined bacterial species and a predetermined medium, an oxygen electrode provided in the cell, and a predetermined At a predetermined temperature and at a predetermined constant voltage, a current measurement unit for measuring the current value flowing in the medium to which the sample was added using an oxygen electrode, and the measurement at the current measurement unit was started and decreased.
- the required time measurement unit that measures the time required for the current value to rise and then exceed a predetermined threshold, and the number of bacteria that calculates the initial number of bacterial species contained in the sample based on the required time Since the calculation unit is provided, there is an effect that the initial bacterial count can be measured with high accuracy and reproducibility by using a newly discovered phenomenon that the current value rises after being reduced.
- the solving means according to claim 6 of the present invention is the bacterial count measuring apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the current value decreases and then increases after the bacterial species contained in the sample. It is characterized by metabolic activity.
- the current value once decreases and then increases because of the metabolic activity of the bacterial species contained in the sample. There is an effect that a good and reproducible measurement can be performed.
- the solving means according to claim 7 of the present invention is the bacterial count measuring apparatus according to claim 5 or claim 6, wherein the culture medium is a culture medium used in the specific enzyme substrate culture method, The species is coliform or coliform.
- the culture medium is a culture medium used in the specific enzyme substrate culture method, and the bacterial species is Escherichia coli or coliforms. This is one of the conditions under which the newly discovered phenomenon of rising after a decrease can be used, and has the effect of making it possible to accurately and reproducibly measure the initial bacterial count.
- the solution according to claim 8 of the present invention is the bacterial count measuring apparatus according to claim 5 or claim 6, wherein the culture medium is a PYG culture medium and the bacterial species is a fungus. .
- the bacterial count measuring apparatus according to claim 8 of the present invention has been newly discovered that the current value rises once decreased because the culture medium is a PYG culture medium and the bacterial species is a fungus. This is one of the conditions in which the phenomenon can be used, and the initial number of bacteria can be measured accurately and reproducibly. There is an effect that can be determined. In addition, since the bacterial count measuring apparatus according to claim 8 of the present invention can use a newly discovered phenomenon, there is an effect that the measurement time can be greatly shortened as compared with the conventional method.
- the solving means according to claim 9 of the present invention is a cell that contains a sample to be measured containing a predetermined bacterial species and a predetermined medium, and an oxygen electrode is provided on the inner wall of the cell. Measure the value of the current flowing in the medium that decreases and then rises at a predetermined temperature and at a predetermined constant voltage.
- the cell according to claim 9 of the present invention is a cell containing a sample to be measured containing a predetermined bacterial species and a predetermined medium, and an oxygen electrode is provided on the inner wall of the cell, The current value that flows through the medium that decreases and then increases at a predetermined temperature and at a predetermined constant voltage is measured. Therefore, the newly discovered phenomenon that the current value rises once decreases is used. Thus, the initial number of bacteria can be measured with high accuracy and reproducibility.
- the solving means according to claim 10 of the present invention is the cell according to claim 9, wherein the current value decreases and then increases due to the metabolic activity of the bacterial species contained in the sample. to cause.
- the current value decreases and decreases, and the subsequent increase is due to the metabolic activity of the bacterial species contained in the sample.
- the solution according to claim 11 of the present invention is the cell according to claim 9 or claim 10, wherein the medium is a medium used in the specific enzyme substrate medium method, and the bacterial species is Escherichia coli. Or a group of coliforms.
- the culture medium is a culture medium used in the specific enzyme substrate culture method, and the bacterial species is Escherichia coli or coliforms, the current value rises after once decreasing. This is one of the conditions under which the newly discovered phenomenon can be used, and has the effect of enabling accurate and reproducible measurement of the initial bacterial count.
- the solving means according to claim 12 of the present invention is the cell according to claim 9 or claim 10, wherein the medium is a PYG medium, and the bacterial species is a fungus.
- the invention's effect [0031]
- the cell according to claim 12 of the present invention utilizes a newly discovered phenomenon in which the current value rises once decreased because the medium is a PYG medium and the bacterial species is a fungus. This is one of the conditions that can be used, and has the effect of enabling accurate and reproducible measurement of the initial number of bacteria.
- the cell according to claim 12 of the present invention can use a newly discovered phenomenon, there is an effect that the measurement time can be greatly shortened as compared with the conventional method.
- FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method for measuring the number of bacteria according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the bacterial count measuring apparatus according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional perspective view of a cell according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a change in current value of the bacterial count measuring apparatus according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a change in current value of the bacterial count measuring apparatus according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a calibration curve of the bacterial count measurement apparatus according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a change in current value of the bacterial count measuring apparatus according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 8 is a diagram showing changes in current value of the bacterial count measuring apparatus according to the first embodiment.
- FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a change in current value of the bacterial count measuring apparatus according to the second embodiment.
- the dissolved oxygen concentration decreases due to the respiration (metabolic activity) of the bacterial species, and the current value flowing between the working electrode and the counter electrode, which is the V-oxygen electrode (hereinafter simply referred to as the current value).
- the current value which is the V-oxygen electrode (hereinafter simply referred to as the current value).
- ⁇ ⁇ decreases.
- the present invention relates to a method for measuring the number of bacteria using the above phenomenon, a device for measuring the number of bacteria, and a cell used in this device in the oxygen electrode method.
- a medium used in the specific enzyme substrate medium method (hereinafter simply referred to as a specific enzyme substrate medium) is used as the specific medium.
- the specific enzyme substrate medium include Corilate (registered trademark).
- Escherichia coli or coliforms are used as the specific bacterial species.
- stainless steel (SUS) is used as the base material of the oxygen electrode.
- FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing a method for measuring the number of bacteria according to the present embodiment.
- a sample (specimen) containing E. coli or coliforms is added to the specific enzyme substrate medium.
- the specific enzyme substrate medium is a liquid
- a sample containing Escherichia coli or colon bacteria is added to the liquid medium after pulverizing and stirring with a stocker.
- FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of the bacterial count measuring apparatus according to the present embodiment.
- the cell count apparatus is provided with a cell 1 and contains a medium to which a sample is added.
- an oxygen electrode 2 used for the oxygen electrode method is provided in the cell 1.
- FIG. 3 shows a perspective sectional view of the cell 1.
- Three electrodes, a counter electrode 21, a working electrode 22, and a reference electrode 23 constituting the oxygen electrode 2 are provided on the side wall near the bottom surface of the cell 1.
- the cell 1 is provided with an output terminal 24 electrically connected to the counter electrode 21, the working electrode 22, and the reference electrode 23.
- the oxygen electrode 2 is connected to the current measuring unit 3 via the output terminal 24.
- the counter electrode 21, the working electrode 22, and the reference electrode 23 are made of stainless steel as an electrode base material.
- the surface of the electrode base material is gold plated.
- the electrode base material of the oxygen electrode 2 used in the present invention is not limited to stainless steel, but may be other metal materials (for example, copper). However, even if the electrode base material is another metal material, the surface thereof is plated with gold.
- the value of the current flowing through the medium to which the sample is added is measured by the oxygen electrode 2 (step b).
- the current flowing through the medium is measured at the counter electrode 21 and the working electrode 22.
- the current flowing through the medium is the current flowing when the dissolved oxygen in the medium is reduced to water at the working electrode 22 as described in the background art. Therefore, the medium When the dissolved oxygen concentration is high, the current value is high, and when the dissolved oxygen concentration is low, the current value is low.
- the amount of oxygen consumed increases with the growth of E. coli or coliforms contained in the sample.
- the dissolved oxygen concentration in the medium decreases, and the current value also decreases as the dissolved oxygen concentration decreases. Therefore, in the conventional oxygen electrode method, if the threshold value is set to a current value close to zero (for example, ⁇ ), the time until the current value decreases and the threshold value intersects (hereinafter also referred to as the required time) is determined. We were able to.
- FIG. 4 is a graph showing changes in the current value according to the present embodiment.
- coliform bacteria in the specific enzyme substrate medium (collate) are measured with an oxygen electrode.
- the change in the current value in Fig. 4 shows that the current value of about 1, OOOnA flows and stabilizes until the force is about 400 minutes after the start of measurement, but the dissolved oxygen concentration starts to decrease with the growth of the coliform group after that, The current value drops to about 650nA in about 500 minutes.
- the threshold is set at 1,500 nA, exceeding the threshold at about 540 minutes. Therefore, the required time shown in Figure 4 is about 540 minutes.
- the required time is measured at step c2. This required time is measured by the required time measuring unit 4 of the bacterial count measuring apparatus shown in FIG. During step b, step cl, and step c2, E. coli or colon bacteria are cultured at about 30 ° C.
- step d of FIG. 1 the initial number of bacteria contained in the sample is calculated.
- Figure 2 In the bacterial count calculation unit 5 of the bacterial count measurement apparatus shown, the initial bacterial count included in the sample is calculated based on the measured required time. In order to calculate the initial number of bacteria, it is necessary to obtain a calibration curve in advance as explained in the background art. Hereinafter, a description will be given based on a specific example.
- Figure 5 shows the change in the current value of a sample with a known initial bacterial count. In Fig.
- FIG. 7 and 8 show examples of measurement using the same medium and the same bacterial species but using different electrode base materials. 7 and 8, the horizontal axis is the measurement time (minutes) and the vertical axis is the current value (nA).
- corilate is used as a specific medium, coliform bacteria as a specific bacterial species, and stainless steel as an electrode base material.
- corilate is used as a specific medium, coliform bacteria as a specific bacterial species, and copper as an electrode base material.
- the step (a) of adding the sample to be measured to the medium used for the specific enzyme substrate medium method, and using the oxygen electrode, the sample is added to the medium.
- the current value is decreased by the metabolic activity of E. coli or coliform contained in the sample after starting the measurement in step (b) and step (b).
- the threshold value is set to a current value that is higher than that at the start of measurement.
- the threshold value can be set to a lower current value than at the start of measurement.
- a PYG (batatopeptone 'yeast stratato' glucose) medium is used as the specific medium, and a fungus is used as the specific bacterial species.
- fungi Examples include yeast, cocoon, and Candida albicans (IFO 1594).
- the bacterial count measurement method used in Embodiment 1 is applied to the above combinations. Therefore, the bacterial count measurement method will be described based on the flowchart shown in FIG.
- the following work is required as a preparation work.
- the passage of colony powers fungi eg yeast.
- the adjusted bacterial solution is inoculated into the fruit preparation.
- step a add lml of the precultured sample to lml of PYG medium.
- step b the value of the current flowing through the medium to which the sample is added is measured.
- the bacterial count measuring apparatus according to the present embodiment is also the same as the bacterial count measuring apparatus described in the first embodiment, and FIG. 2 shows a block diagram.
- This cell counting device is provided with a cell 1 and contains a medium in which a sample is added to the cell 1.
- an oxygen electrode 2 used for the oxygen electrode method is provided in the cell 1.
- the cell 1 according to the present embodiment is also the same as the cell 1 described in the first embodiment, and a cross-sectional perspective view of the cell 1 is shown in FIG.
- Three electrodes, a counter electrode 21, a working electrode 22, and a reference electrode 23 constituting the oxygen electrode 2 are provided on the side wall near the bottom surface of the cell 1.
- the electrode base material of the counter electrode 21, the working electrode 22, and the reference electrode 23 is made of stainless steel.
- the surface of the electrode base material is gold plated.
- the electrode base material of the oxygen electrode 2 used in the present invention is not limited to stainless steel, but may be other metal materials (for example, copper). However, even if the electrode base material is another metal material, the surface thereof is plated with gold.
- the cell 1 is provided with an output terminal 24 that is electrically connected to the counter electrode 21, the working electrode 22, and the reference electrode 23. Is connected to the current measuring section 3 shown in FIG.
- the counter electrode 21 and the working electrode 22 are used to measure the current flowing through the culture medium. Also in this embodiment, the current value decreases as fungi consume dissolved oxygen in the medium, but the current value increases thereafter.
- the phenomenon in which the current value changes in this way is the same as the phenomenon in which the current value of the coliform group shown in Fig. 4 changes. Like the coliform group, the detailed mechanism is unknown at this stage.
- Figure 9 shows changes in fungal current values. It is a graph which shows conversion.
- Figure 9 shows changes in current values for three types of fungi: food-separating yeast, Candida albicans, and food-separating rice cake.
- the horizontal axis in Fig. 9 is the measurement time (time), and the vertical axis is the current value (nA).
- the food-separated yeast has a current value that hardly decreases and then increases rapidly.
- the threshold is set to 1500 nA as in the first embodiment
- the food-isolating yeast crosses the threshold after about 20 minutes (0.33 hours). In other words, the time required for the food-separating yeast is about 20 minutes.
- Candida albicans rose rapidly after a slight decrease in current.
- Candida albicans crosses the threshold after about 30 minutes (0.5 hours), and the time required is about 30 minutes.
- the food material separation basket rises after the current value once decreases. It can be seen that the food separator crosses the threshold after about 135 minutes (2.25 hours), and the required time is about 135 minutes.
- FIG. 9 also shows the change in the current value measured for a cell that does not contain fungi (blank cell). In the blank cell, the current value gradually decreases with the measurement time, but no sudden change is observed.
- the required time is measured by the required time measuring unit 4 shown in FIG. In the flow chart shown in FIG. 1, it is determined whether or not the current value has risen and exceeded the threshold value in step cl. If it is determined that the threshold value has been exceeded, the required time is measured in step c2. During step 1), step cl and step c2, fungi are cultured at about 30 ° C.
- step d the initial number of bacteria contained in the sample is calculated based on the measured required time.
- the bacterial count measuring apparatus shown in FIG. In order to calculate the initial number of bacteria, it is necessary to obtain a calibration curve in advance as in the first embodiment. The specific description for obtaining the calibration curve has been described in Embodiment 1, and is therefore omitted.
- the initial number of fungi is calculated from the required time. The time required to obtain the initial number of fungi is about one day, which is the time required to set the sample in the cell plus the time required for measurement. In this embodiment, even if 2 days of pre-culture are added, the initial number of fungi can be obtained in about 3 days, and the time can be greatly shortened compared with the case where it was conventionally required for about 1 week. It is.
- Step (b) where the current value flowing through the medium to which the sample is added is measured using the oxygen electrode (a) and the step (b) and the measurement in step (b) is started.
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Abstract
Description
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Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP05751469A EP1780286B1 (en) | 2004-08-02 | 2005-06-16 | Bacterium counting method, bacterium counter, and cell used for the counter |
CA2575640A CA2575640C (en) | 2004-08-02 | 2005-06-16 | Method of measuring the number of bacteria, device of measuring the number of bacteria and cell used in the device |
AT05751469T ATE491037T1 (de) | 2004-08-02 | 2005-06-16 | Verfahren zum zählen von bakterien, bakterienzählgerät und für das zählgerät vewendete zelle |
DE602005025226T DE602005025226D1 (de) | 2004-08-02 | 2005-06-16 | Verfahren zum zählen von bakterien, bakterienzählgerät und für das zählgerät vewendete zelle |
US11/573,081 US7955493B2 (en) | 2004-08-02 | 2005-06-16 | Method of measuring the number of bacteria, device of measuring the number of bacteria and cell used in the device |
DK05751469.7T DK1780286T3 (da) | 2004-08-02 | 2005-06-16 | Bakterietællingsmetode, bakterietæller og celle anvendt til tælleren |
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US (1) | US7955493B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1780286B1 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100892624B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN100455672C (ja) |
AT (1) | ATE491037T1 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2575640C (ja) |
DE (1) | DE602005025226D1 (ja) |
DK (1) | DK1780286T3 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006013679A1 (ja) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1816210A1 (en) * | 2004-11-24 | 2007-08-08 | Daikin Industries, Ltd. | Microbe counting method and microbe counting device |
JP2007289004A (ja) * | 2006-04-20 | 2007-11-08 | Nisshin Kagaku Kenkyusho:Kk | 生菌数測定方法、生菌数測定装置、スライムモニター方法およびスライムコントロール剤添加システム |
JP2014068613A (ja) * | 2012-09-28 | 2014-04-21 | Daikin Ind Ltd | 細菌数測定装置 |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101339153B (zh) * | 2008-07-28 | 2013-03-13 | 浙江工商大学 | 一种示踪食品致病性细菌生长的检测方法 |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPS6315150A (ja) * | 1986-07-08 | 1988-01-22 | Terumo Corp | 生菌数測定装置 |
JPH05123186A (ja) * | 1991-10-31 | 1993-05-21 | Shimadzu Corp | 好気性微生物の測定法および測定装置 |
JP2000287699A (ja) | 1999-04-07 | 2000-10-17 | Daikin Ind Ltd | 細菌数測定方法およびその装置 |
Family Cites Families (3)
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JP2712677B2 (ja) | 1989-12-27 | 1998-02-16 | 株式会社島津製作所 | 好気性微生物の測定法及び測定装置 |
JP3240953B2 (ja) | 1997-04-10 | 2001-12-25 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | 生理活性測定方法およびその装置 |
EP1775579A4 (en) * | 2004-08-02 | 2009-07-15 | Daikin Ind Ltd | OXYGEN ELECTRODE |
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2005
- 2005-06-16 CN CNB2005800013458A patent/CN100455672C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-06-16 DK DK05751469.7T patent/DK1780286T3/da active
- 2005-06-16 DE DE602005025226T patent/DE602005025226D1/de active Active
- 2005-06-16 AT AT05751469T patent/ATE491037T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-06-16 CA CA2575640A patent/CA2575640C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-06-16 KR KR1020067026019A patent/KR100892624B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-06-16 US US11/573,081 patent/US7955493B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-06-16 EP EP05751469A patent/EP1780286B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2005-06-16 WO PCT/JP2005/011062 patent/WO2006013679A1/ja active Application Filing
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS6315150A (ja) * | 1986-07-08 | 1988-01-22 | Terumo Corp | 生菌数測定装置 |
JPH05123186A (ja) * | 1991-10-31 | 1993-05-21 | Shimadzu Corp | 好気性微生物の測定法および測定装置 |
JP2000287699A (ja) | 1999-04-07 | 2000-10-17 | Daikin Ind Ltd | 細菌数測定方法およびその装置 |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1816210A1 (en) * | 2004-11-24 | 2007-08-08 | Daikin Industries, Ltd. | Microbe counting method and microbe counting device |
EP1816210A4 (en) * | 2004-11-24 | 2008-10-29 | Daikin Ind Ltd | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR COUNTING MICROBES |
JP2007289004A (ja) * | 2006-04-20 | 2007-11-08 | Nisshin Kagaku Kenkyusho:Kk | 生菌数測定方法、生菌数測定装置、スライムモニター方法およびスライムコントロール剤添加システム |
JP2014068613A (ja) * | 2012-09-28 | 2014-04-21 | Daikin Ind Ltd | 細菌数測定装置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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DK1780286T3 (da) | 2011-03-14 |
CN100455672C (zh) | 2009-01-28 |
EP1780286A4 (en) | 2008-03-26 |
KR100892624B1 (ko) | 2009-04-09 |
EP1780286B1 (en) | 2010-12-08 |
ATE491037T1 (de) | 2010-12-15 |
CN1898393A (zh) | 2007-01-17 |
US7955493B2 (en) | 2011-06-07 |
CA2575640A1 (en) | 2006-02-09 |
EP1780286A1 (en) | 2007-05-02 |
US20080197023A1 (en) | 2008-08-21 |
DE602005025226D1 (de) | 2011-01-20 |
KR20070027577A (ko) | 2007-03-09 |
CA2575640C (en) | 2010-06-29 |
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