WO2004082807A1 - セラミックフィルタ - Google Patents
セラミックフィルタ Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2004082807A1 WO2004082807A1 PCT/JP2004/003481 JP2004003481W WO2004082807A1 WO 2004082807 A1 WO2004082807 A1 WO 2004082807A1 JP 2004003481 W JP2004003481 W JP 2004003481W WO 2004082807 A1 WO2004082807 A1 WO 2004082807A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- opening
- flow path
- main flow
- porous body
- fluid
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000011001 backwashing Methods 0.000 description 23
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002612 dispersion medium Substances 0.000 description 5
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010433 feldspar Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052878 cordierite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimagnesium dioxido-bis[(1-oxido-3-oxo-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3-disila-5,7-dialuminabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-7-yl)oxy]silane Chemical compound [Mg++].[Mg++].[O-][Si]([O-])(O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2)O[Al]1O[Al]2O[Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])(O1)O2 JSKIRARMQDRGJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005388 borosilicate glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003002 pH adjusting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002459 porosimetry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005368 silicate glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D63/00—Apparatus in general for separation processes using semi-permeable membranes
- B01D63/06—Tubular membrane modules
- B01D63/066—Tubular membrane modules with a porous block having membrane coated passages
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
- B01D39/20—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of inorganic material, e.g. asbestos paper, metallic filtering material of non-woven wires
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
- B01D39/20—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of inorganic material, e.g. asbestos paper, metallic filtering material of non-woven wires
- B01D39/2068—Other inorganic materials, e.g. ceramics
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/24—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies
- B01D46/2403—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies characterised by the physical shape or structure of the filtering element
- B01D46/2418—Honeycomb filters
- B01D46/2451—Honeycomb filters characterized by the geometrical structure, shape, pattern or configuration or parameters related to the geometry of the structure
- B01D46/247—Honeycomb filters characterized by the geometrical structure, shape, pattern or configuration or parameters related to the geometry of the structure of the cells
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/54—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using ultra-fine filter sheets or diaphragms
- B01D46/543—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using ultra-fine filter sheets or diaphragms using membranes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/66—Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter
- B01D46/70—Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter by acting counter-currently on the filtering surface, e.g. by flushing on the non-cake side of the filter
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0039—Inorganic membrane manufacture
- B01D67/0046—Inorganic membrane manufacture by slurry techniques, e.g. die or slip-casting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/02—Inorganic material
- B01D71/024—Oxides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2313/00—Details relating to membrane modules or apparatus
- B01D2313/08—Flow guidance means within the module or the apparatus
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2325/00—Details relating to properties of membranes
- B01D2325/04—Characteristic thickness
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/24—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies
- B01D46/2403—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies characterised by the physical shape or structure of the filtering element
- B01D46/2418—Honeycomb filters
- B01D46/2498—The honeycomb filter being defined by mathematical relationships
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a ceramic filter used for fluid filtration of liquids and gases, and more particularly, to a ceramic filter capable of easily removing deposits deposited on the filter by backwashing.
- Ceramic filter is a filter that uses a porous ceramic material and has excellent physical strength, durability, corrosion resistance, etc. It is used to remove suspended substances, bacteria, dust, etc. from the inside.
- a porous ceramic body may be used as a filter medium as it is.
- a porous ceramic body base material
- a filtration membrane also made of ceramic, on the surface.
- the average pore size of the filtration membrane is configured to be as small as about 0.01 to 1.0 / m to ensure the filtration performance, while the average pore diameter of the base material is configured to be as large as about 1 to several hundred. Then, the flow resistance inside the base material is reduced, and the fluid permeation amount (that is, the processing capacity) is improved.
- the ceramic filter used is a substrate obtained by processing a base material into various shapes according to the purpose of filtration, and the base material has a tubular shape having a single flow path, or a honeycomb having a large number of parallel flow paths.
- the shape (including the monolith shape) is widely used.
- Such a ceramic filter periodically applies pressure in the direction opposite to that of normal use, and peels off the layered material (sediment) deposited in the flow channel in layers from the inner wall of the flow channel (cell). It is necessary to carry out backwashing to separate and discharge / remove from the end of the flow path.
- backwashing there is a problem that the material to be filtered is easily clogged at the end of the flow channel, and the backwashing is insufficient.
- the opening diameter of at least one end of the flow path is set to be smaller than the inner diameter of the flow path other than the end.
- a large-sized ceramic filter is disclosed (for example, see Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-210314).
- the present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the related art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a ceramic filter which can easily remove deposits deposited on a filter by backwashing. Is to do.
- a porous body having two end faces and an outer peripheral face, wherein a plurality of main flow paths of the fluid to be purified are formed penetrating from one end face to the other end face; And a filtration membrane disposed on the inner wall surface of the main flow path.
- the fluid to be purified which flows in from the opening (first opening) on the one end face side of the main flow path,
- a ceramic filter that is purified by being permeated through the inside thereof and is taken out as a purification fluid from the outer peripheral surface of the porous body, wherein a flow path diameter of a cross section of the main flow path in a cross section perpendicular to a flow direction of the fluid to be purified is defined.
- a ceramic filter is provided in which the size is continuously and gradually reduced from the opening diameter at the first opening to the opening diameter at the opening (second opening) on the other end surface side.
- the average value (A) of the opening diameter at the first opening and the average value (B) of the opening diameter at the second opening of the main flow path are (A ⁇ B) /B ⁇ 0.025 It is preferable to satisfy the requirements.
- a slit-shaped auxiliary flow path is formed in a portion including the outer peripheral surface of the porous body so that a predetermined main flow path (specific main flow path) of the main flow path communicates with the external space.
- the specific main flow path is formed by sealing the openings at both end faces thereof, and allows the fluid to be purified flowing from the opening on one end face side of the main flow path to pass through the inside of the porous body. It is preferable to purify and remove it as a purification fluid from the outer peripheral surface of the porous body and the outlet of the auxiliary flow path.
- FIG. 1 (a) and 1 (b) are drawings showing an embodiment of a ceramic filler according to the present invention
- FIG. 1 (a) is a perspective view
- FIG. 1 (b) is a partially enlarged sectional view. .
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the ceramic filter of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a drawing schematically showing an example of a film forming method.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the ceramic filter housed in the eight housing.
- FIG. 5 is a graph in which the number of main flow paths is plotted against the value of “ ⁇ (A ⁇ B) / B ⁇ ⁇ 100”, which shows the result of backwashing of the ceramic filter of Example 1.
- FIG. 6 is a graph showing the results of backwashing of the ceramic filter of Example 2, in which the number of main flow paths is plotted against the value of ⁇ (A ⁇ B) / B ⁇ ⁇ 100 J ”.
- FIG. 7 is a graph showing the result of backwashing of the ceramic filter of Example 3, in which the number of main flow paths is plotted against the value of “ ⁇ (A ⁇ B) / B ⁇ ⁇ 100 J”.
- FIG. 8 is a graph showing the results of backwashing of the ceramic filter of Example 4, in which the number of main channels is plotted against the value of ⁇ (A-B) / B ⁇ XI00 ".
- FIG. 9 is a graph showing the results of backwashing of the ceramic filter of Example 5, in which the number of main channels is plotted against the value of “ ⁇ (A ⁇ B) / B ⁇ ⁇ 100”.
- FIG. 10 is a graph showing the results of backwashing of the ceramic filter of Comparative Example 1, in which the number of main flow paths is plotted against the value of “ ⁇ (AB) ZB ⁇ XI00”.
- the present invention provides a porous body having two end faces and an outer peripheral face, and having a plurality of main flow paths for a fluid to be purified penetrating from one end face to the other end face, and an inner wall surface of the main flow path. From the first opening of the main flow path to purify the fluid to be purified by permeating the inside of the porous body, and from the outer peripheral surface of the porous body as a purified fluid.
- This is a ceramic filter to be taken out, and the size of the flow path diameter in the cross section of the main flow path perpendicular to the flow direction of the fluid to be purified continuously increases from the opening diameter at the first opening to the opening diameter at the second opening It gradually decreases.
- FIG. 1 (a) and 1 (b) are drawings showing an embodiment of a ceramic filler according to the present invention
- FIG. 1 (a) is a perspective view
- FIG. 1 (b) is a partially enlarged sectional view.
- the ceramic fill 1 of the present embodiment is provided on a porous body 2 in which a plurality of main flow paths 3 penetrating from one end face 4 a to the other end face 4 b are formed, and on an inner wall surface of the main flow path 3.
- a filtration membrane 5 5.
- the ceramic filter 1 to filter and purify fluids such as liquids and gases
- the fluid to be purified is passed through the opening () on one end face 4a side of the main flow path 3. Purification is performed by flowing through the first opening 11) and permeating the inside of the porous body 2, and is taken out as a purified fluid from the outer peripheral surface 6 of the porous body 2.
- the flow path diameter of the fluid to be purified that is, the size of the flow path diameter in a cross section perpendicular to the direction from one end face 4a to the other end face 4b is The diameter gradually decreases continuously from the opening diameter at one opening 11 to the opening diameter at the second opening 12. Therefore, normal backwash pressure is set using a general pressure supply system.
- the size of the flow path diameter in a cross section of the main flow path perpendicular to the flow direction of the fluid to be purified means a direct diameter when the cross section is circular, and a long axis when the cross section is elliptical or oblong. In the case of a polygon, the length of the longest diagonal line, and in the case of an irregular shape, the distance between the two points which is the longest when two points on the outer circumference of the cross-sectional shape are taken.
- the average value (A 1 ) of the opening diameter (a 1; a 2) a 3 ) of the main flow path 3 at the first opening 11 is shown.
- the average value (B) of the opening diameters (b, b 2 , b 3 ) in the second opening 12 preferably satisfy the relationship of (A ⁇ B) B ⁇ 0.025, AB) /B ⁇ 0.027 is more preferably satisfied .. (AB) ' ⁇ 0.028 is more preferably satisfied. If the value of “(A ⁇ ) / ⁇ ” is less than 0.025, it is not preferable because the ratio of the closed main channel remaining even after backwashing increases.
- the upper limit of the value of “(A ⁇ ) / ⁇ ” is not particularly limited, but may be ..1.5 or less from the viewpoints of substantial production and usability. .
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the ceramic filter of the present invention.
- a slit-shaped auxiliary flow is provided at a portion including the outer peripheral surface 26 of the porous body 22 so that the specific main flow path communicates with the external space.
- the specific main flow passage is formed by sealing the openings at both end faces thereof, and purifies the fluid to be purified flowing from the opening of the main flow passage 23 on the one end surface 24a side. It is preferable to purify by permeating the inside of the porous body 22, and to take out as a purification fluid from the outer peripheral surface 26 of the porous body 22 and the outlet 28 of the auxiliary flow path.
- the ceramic filter 21 of the present embodiment in which such a predetermined auxiliary flow path 25 is formed facilitates recovery of the purified fluid from the main flow path 23 near the center of the porous body 22. This is preferable because the filtration capacity of the ceramic filter 21 can be drastically improved to 10 times or more.
- the ceramic filter 2 It is also preferable in that the flow rate distribution and the backwash pressure distribution during backwash can be significantly improved.
- the ceramic filter of the present invention can be manufactured according to a conventionally known method for manufacturing a ceramic filter.
- a dispersion medium, an organic binder, and, if necessary, a surfactant and a plasticizer are added, and a molded body obtained by extrusion-molding the kneaded clay is obtained.
- the aggregate is a main component of the porous body, and is composed of ceramic particles having an average particle size of about 5 to 200 m.
- the material of the aggregate may be appropriately selected so as to be suitable for the purpose of filtration. For example, alumina, mullite, cordierite, silicon carbide, ceramic waste, and the like can be used.
- the sintering aid is an additive for strengthening the bond between the aggregates, and is made of ceramic particles having an average particle size of less than 5 am. By adding to the kneaded clay together with the aggregate, the bond between the aggregates is strengthened, and a strong porous body is formed.
- the material of the sintering aid is not particularly limited. For example, alumina, silica, zirconia, titania, glass frit, feldspar, cordierite and the like can be used. Usually, about 10 to 35% by mass is added to the total mass of the aggregate and the sintering aid in order to secure the bonding strength between the aggregates and prevent the pores from blocking the porous body. Just fine.
- the molded body obtained by extrusion molding is dried, cut into a predetermined length perpendicular to the flow direction, and then fired to obtain a porous body.
- the average pore diameter of the obtained porous body is about 1 to 30 m.
- a filtration membrane is formed on the inner wall surface of the main channel of the obtained porous body.
- the filtration membrane referred to in the present invention refers to a thin film-shaped ceramic porous body having an average pore diameter smaller than that of a porous body, and in some cases, may be formed of two or more layers to form a multilayer structure.
- a filtration membrane refers to a member for securing the filtration function of a ceramic filter.
- the filtration membrane according to the present invention includes an intermediate layer (a layer other than the uppermost layer) in a multilayer structure. It is.
- the filtration membrane is made of a slurry containing ceramic particles having an average particle diameter of about 0.1 to 5 m, which has an average particle diameter smaller than that of the aggregate constituting the porous body. It can be formed by firing after forming a film. Specifically, The lamic particles are dispersed in a dispersion medium such as water, and a sintering aid, an organic binder, a pH adjuster, a surfactant, etc. are added as needed to obtain a slurry for a filtration membrane (slurry for membrane formation). Is prepared and used to form a film on the inner wall surface of the main flow path, and then dried and fired to form a filtration membrane. The average pore size of the filtration membrane is about 0.1 to 5111.
- the size of the flow path diameter in the cross section of the main flow path perpendicular to the flow direction of the fluid to be purified is from the opening diameter in the first opening to the opening diameter in the second opening. It is characterized by having a tapered structure, which is a structure that gradually decreases. To form such a tapered structure, the porous body itself may be extruded or the like so that the shape of the porous body itself becomes a tapered structure. However, the thickness of the filtration membrane formed on the inner wall surface of the main flow path is determined. It is preferable from the viewpoint of manufacturability and the like that the opening is adjusted to have a tapered structure by forming the opening so as to gradually decrease in thickness from the second opening toward the first opening.
- a method for forming the filtration membrane As a method for forming the thickness of the filtration membrane so as to gradually decrease from the second opening toward the first opening, for example, a membrane forming apparatus as shown in FIG. There can be mentioned a method using 37. Specifically, it is almost the same as preparing the above-mentioned film-forming slurry 33 and flowing the film-forming slurry 33 from the other end face 4b of the porous body 32 to the one end face 4a. At the same time, when the outer peripheral surface 36 side is depressurized by the vacuum pump P, the solids contained in the film forming slurry 13 are deposited in layers on the inner wall surface of the main flow path to form a film forming layer.
- the film thickness of the filtration film is gradually reduced from the second opening to the first opening. be able to.
- the film thickness of the formed film formation layer is changed from the other end face 4b into which the slurry for film formation 33 flows into one end face 4a. It is formed so as to become gradually thinner as it goes.
- An amount of the filtered water 34 corresponding to the desired thickness of the entire film forming layer is discharged from the outer peripheral surface 36 of the porous body 32.
- the slurry 3 3 for film formation flowing out from one end face 4 a side of the porous body 3 2 May be circulated. Thereafter, after the drainage of the filtered water 34 is completed, the porous body 32 is vacuum-dehydrated with the filtered water side under reduced pressure so that the shape of the film formation layer is maintained.
- a filtration membrane can be formed by drying and baking, and the ceramic filter of the present invention can be manufactured. '
- the ceramic filter of the present invention may be provided with a sealing material at a predetermined position as the case may be.
- the sealing material according to the present invention is used to prevent the fluid to be purified from entering the inside of the porous body 2 from the end face of the porous body, specifically, one end face 4a in FIG. 1 (b). It is a member, and is preferably formed so as to cover one end face 4a of the porous body 2 and the filtration membrane 5 near the one end face 4a.
- the sealing material can be formed by, for example, applying a glaze made of a glass-like substance (glass frit or the like) such as borosilicate glass, silicate glass, or feldspar glass to a predetermined location, and then firing the resultant.
- the fluid to be purified can pass through the end face of the porous body. It is also possible to prevent intrusion into the porous body.
- a method of manufacturing a ceramic filter 21 having a predetermined auxiliary flow path 25 as shown in FIG. 2 will be described.
- the slit-shaped auxiliary flow path 25 is formed by a blade such as a diamond electrodeposition power tool. What is necessary is just to break and form so that it may communicate.
- the openings at both end surfaces of the porous body 22 are sealed with plugging members or the like to prevent the purifying fluid from being mixed into the purifying fluid.
- a sealing portion 27 is formed. That is, it is not necessary to form a filtration membrane on the inner wall surface of the specific main channel.
- the ceramic filter 41 of the present embodiment has a predetermined filtration membrane 45 formed on the inner wall surface of the main flow path of the porous body 42, and one end face 4 of the porous body 2.
- a seal material 43 is formed on the filter membrane 45 in the vicinity of a, and the seal material 43 is accommodated in the housing 44 via a ring 46 at this seal material 43 portion.
- the water to be purified flows from the first opening on the one end face 4a side of the main flow path, and the inside of the filtration membrane 45 and the porous body 42 is formed. Then, the water is passed through the porous body 42 to be oxidized, and is taken out from the outer peripheral surface 6 of the porous body 42 as purified water.
- Alumina sieved to have a particle size of 5 to 300 um was used as the aggregate, and 0.5 to 5, "m feldspar was used as a sintering aid, and water was used as a dispersion medium. Then, methylcellulose was added as an organic binder, and the kneaded material obtained by kneading was extruded to obtain an 82-cam-shaped molded body having a plurality of main flow channels.
- a slurry for forming a film (a slurry for forming an intermediate film) is prepared, and a film is formed on the inner wall surface of the main flow path of the porous body 32 using a film forming apparatus 37 as shown in FIG. It was baked to form an intermediate film.
- a slurry for filtration membrane formation was prepared by adding water as a dispersion medium and a polysaccharide water-soluble gum and polyvinyl alcohol as an organic binder, and using a membrane formation device 37 as shown in FIG. After a film was formed on the surface of the intermediate film previously formed on the inner wall surface of the main flow path of the porous body 32, the film was dried and fired to form a filtration membrane, thereby producing ceramic filters (Examples 1 to 5).
- the outer peripheral surface 36 side was evacuated by the vacuum pump P simultaneously with the flow. At this time, the distribution flux and the degree of decompression of the outer peripheral surface are shown.
- the average pore size of the filtration membrane (including the intermediate membrane) measured by the mercury intrusion method was 0.1 x m.
- the slurry for forming an intermediate membrane and the slurry for forming a filtration membrane are allowed to flow from one end face 4a to the other end face 4b (see FIG. 3), and the flow flux and the degree of decompression of the outer peripheral face are determined.
- a ceramic filter (Comparative Example 1) was manufactured in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 5 except that the values shown in Table 1 were used.
- X (see Fig. 1 (b)), the thickness of the filtration membrane at the first opening (Y) (see Fig. 1 (b)), average film thickness, X-Y, average of the opening diameter at the first opening Table 2 shows the value ( ⁇ ), the average value of the opening diameter at the second opening ( ⁇ ), and ( ⁇ - ⁇ ) ⁇ ⁇ .
- the actual operation was performed using a water purification device configured to house the manufactured ceramic filters of Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Example 1 in a housing. Specifically, water was drawn from the inlet of the river in the Chubu district, subjected to coagulation treatment according to a conventional method, and then filtered using the ceramic filters of Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Example 1.
- Backwashing was performed every 4 hours at 2m / day.
- Backwashing consists of (1) flowing 1.5 1 / m 2 of water at a pressure of 500 kPa from the outer peripheral surface to the filtration membrane, and removing the filtration material accumulated in the flow passage from the filtration membrane.
- the sediment discharged per backwash was 25.2 to 152.1 g by dry weight.
- the reason why there is a range in the above numerical values is that there is a range in the amount of sludge contained in the treated water. After continuous operation for one month, the state of blockage of the main flow path at the ceramic fill was visually observed.
- the main flow path from which sediments are discharged and removed under the backwash conditions (1) and (2) is “unblocked main flow path”, and the sediments are discharged and removed even under the backwash conditions (1) and (2).
- the number of main flow paths for each ceramic filter was measured with the main flow paths that were not used as “closed main flow paths”.
- Table 2 shows the number of closed main channels and the ratio of the closed main channels (the ratio of the number of closed main channels to the number of main channels).
- Fig. 5 to Fig. 10 are graphs showing the backwashing results of each ceramic filter and plotting the number of main channels against the value of ⁇ (AB) / B ⁇ X100J.
- the average value (A) of the opening diameter at the first opening is larger than the average value (B) of the opening diameter at the second opening. That is, the size of the flow path diameter in the cross section perpendicular to the flow direction of the purified water in the main flow path is gradually reduced from the opening diameter at the first opening to the opening diameter at the second opening.
- the ceramic filters of Examples 1 to 5 have the following values: the value of the number of closed main passages after backwashing, and the main flow of blocked ceramics, compared to the ceramic filter of Comparative Example 1 in which the value of A is smaller than the value of B. It is clear that the ratio of the road is small and the sediment is easily removed.
- the size of the flow path diameter in the cross section of the main flow path perpendicular to the flow direction of the fluid to be purified is determined from the opening diameter in the first opening to the second opening. Since the diameter gradually decreases to the opening diameter, the sediment deposited on the filter can be easily removed by backwashing. Therefore, it is suitable as a filter for removing suspended substances, bacteria, dust and the like in liquids and gases in a wide range of fields such as water treatment / exhaust gas treatment or pharmaceutical / food fields.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Geometry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Filtering Materials (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Filtration Of Liquid (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/548,960 US20060175250A1 (en) | 2003-03-17 | 2004-03-16 | Ceramic filter |
EP04721000A EP1607129B1 (en) | 2003-03-17 | 2004-03-16 | Ceramic filter |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2003071746A JP4358538B2 (ja) | 2003-03-17 | 2003-03-17 | セラミックフィルタ |
JP2003-071746 | 2003-03-17 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2004082807A1 true WO2004082807A1 (ja) | 2004-09-30 |
Family
ID=33027702
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2004/003481 WO2004082807A1 (ja) | 2003-03-17 | 2004-03-16 | セラミックフィルタ |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20060175250A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1607129B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4358538B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100671867B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN100473443C (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2004082807A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2007004263A1 (ja) * | 2005-06-30 | 2007-01-11 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | 濾過器 |
US20110100910A1 (en) * | 2008-04-11 | 2011-05-05 | Cometas A/S | Ceramic dead-end filter, a filter system, a method of filtering and a method of producing a ceramic dead-end filter |
CN102378746A (zh) * | 2009-03-30 | 2012-03-14 | 住友化学株式会社 | 钛酸铝系陶瓷体的制造方法 |
WO2010113895A1 (ja) * | 2009-03-30 | 2010-10-07 | 住友化学株式会社 | チタン酸アルミニウム系セラミックス体の製造方法 |
EP2433703B1 (en) * | 2009-05-18 | 2021-04-28 | NGK Insulators, Ltd. | Ceramic pervaporation membrane and ceramic vapor-permeable membrane |
US8523974B2 (en) * | 2011-08-18 | 2013-09-03 | General Electric Company | Filter core for use with pleated filter cartridges |
FR2996778A1 (fr) * | 2012-10-16 | 2014-04-18 | Air Liquide Medical Systems | Filtre bacteriologique pour ventilateur medical |
FR3074060B1 (fr) | 2017-11-30 | 2023-04-28 | Saint Gobain Ct Recherches | Structure filtrante membranaire monolithique |
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JPS6133209A (ja) * | 1984-07-24 | 1986-02-17 | Nippon Denso Co Ltd | 多孔質セラミツク構造体 |
JPH06506138A (ja) * | 1991-01-10 | 1994-07-14 | セラメム コーポレーション | 逆フラッシュ可能なろ過装置およびこの装置の形成および使用方法 |
JP2001232625A (ja) * | 2000-02-23 | 2001-08-28 | Yutaka Electronics Industry Co Ltd | コンクリート製電柱の製造時に使用されるプレートのリクリーニング方法及びリクリーニングシステム |
JP2001269921A (ja) * | 2000-03-24 | 2001-10-02 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | スリット付きハニカム構造体の製造方法及び製造装置 |
JP2002210314A (ja) | 2001-01-16 | 2002-07-30 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | セラミックフィルタ |
JP2002349231A (ja) | 2001-05-24 | 2002-12-04 | Isuzu Motors Ltd | ディーゼルパティキュレートフィルタ |
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DE4324347A1 (de) * | 1992-07-23 | 1994-01-27 | Noritake Co Ltd | Monolithischer Keramikfilter |
JPH0699039A (ja) * | 1992-09-21 | 1994-04-12 | Noritake Co Ltd | モノリス型セラミックフィルター |
EP0787524B1 (en) * | 1996-01-31 | 2002-08-14 | Corning Incorporated | Filter and method for using the same |
DE870534T1 (de) * | 1997-04-09 | 1999-05-20 | Societe Des Ceramiques Techniques, Bazet | Makroporöser Träger mit einem Permeabilitätsgradient und Methode zu dessen Herstellung |
JP3067740B2 (ja) * | 1997-08-20 | 2000-07-24 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | セラミックス製フィルターモジュール |
JPH11169679A (ja) * | 1997-12-17 | 1999-06-29 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | モノリス形セラミックフィルタ |
FR2797198B1 (fr) * | 1999-08-04 | 2002-05-03 | Tami Ind | Membrane pour filtration tangentielle et son procede de fabrication |
JP4298116B2 (ja) * | 2000-02-23 | 2009-07-15 | 日本碍子株式会社 | スリット付きハニカム構造体の製造方法及び製造装置 |
JP2001259326A (ja) * | 2000-03-23 | 2001-09-25 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | ハニカムフィルタ |
US6898930B2 (en) * | 2001-08-08 | 2005-05-31 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Exhaust gas purification device |
-
2003
- 2003-03-17 JP JP2003071746A patent/JP4358538B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2004
- 2004-03-16 KR KR1020057017475A patent/KR100671867B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2004-03-16 WO PCT/JP2004/003481 patent/WO2004082807A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2004-03-16 CN CNB2004800071942A patent/CN100473443C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-03-16 US US10/548,960 patent/US20060175250A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-03-16 EP EP04721000A patent/EP1607129B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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JPS6133209A (ja) * | 1984-07-24 | 1986-02-17 | Nippon Denso Co Ltd | 多孔質セラミツク構造体 |
JPH06506138A (ja) * | 1991-01-10 | 1994-07-14 | セラメム コーポレーション | 逆フラッシュ可能なろ過装置およびこの装置の形成および使用方法 |
JP2001232625A (ja) * | 2000-02-23 | 2001-08-28 | Yutaka Electronics Industry Co Ltd | コンクリート製電柱の製造時に使用されるプレートのリクリーニング方法及びリクリーニングシステム |
JP2001269921A (ja) * | 2000-03-24 | 2001-10-02 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | スリット付きハニカム構造体の製造方法及び製造装置 |
JP2002210314A (ja) | 2001-01-16 | 2002-07-30 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | セラミックフィルタ |
JP2002349231A (ja) | 2001-05-24 | 2002-12-04 | Isuzu Motors Ltd | ディーゼルパティキュレートフィルタ |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2004275906A (ja) | 2004-10-07 |
KR100671867B1 (ko) | 2007-01-22 |
US20060175250A1 (en) | 2006-08-10 |
EP1607129A4 (en) | 2008-01-09 |
CN100473443C (zh) | 2009-04-01 |
KR20050116379A (ko) | 2005-12-12 |
JP4358538B2 (ja) | 2009-11-04 |
EP1607129A1 (en) | 2005-12-21 |
CN1761512A (zh) | 2006-04-19 |
EP1607129B1 (en) | 2012-11-21 |
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