WO2003054290A1 - Rope made of synthetic fibers having a ferromagnetic element providing an incication of local strain - Google Patents
Rope made of synthetic fibers having a ferromagnetic element providing an incication of local strain Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2003054290A1 WO2003054290A1 PCT/US2002/036254 US0236254W WO03054290A1 WO 2003054290 A1 WO2003054290 A1 WO 2003054290A1 US 0236254 W US0236254 W US 0236254W WO 03054290 A1 WO03054290 A1 WO 03054290A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- ferromagnetic
- ferromagnetic element
- assembly
- cord
- fibers
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B7/00—Other common features of elevators
- B66B7/12—Checking, lubricating, or cleaning means for ropes, cables or guides
- B66B7/1207—Checking means
- B66B7/1215—Checking means specially adapted for ropes or cables
- B66B7/123—Checking means specially adapted for ropes or cables by analysing magnetic variables
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
- D07B1/14—Ropes or cables with incorporated auxiliary elements, e.g. for marking, extending throughout the length of the rope or cable
- D07B1/145—Ropes or cables with incorporated auxiliary elements, e.g. for marking, extending throughout the length of the rope or cable comprising elements for indicating or detecting the rope or cable status
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
- D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
- D07B2501/00—Application field
- D07B2501/20—Application field related to ropes or cables
- D07B2501/2007—Elevators
Definitions
- This invention generally relates to load bearing assemblies for elevator systems.
- Elevator systems typically include a cab and counterweight that are coupled together using an elongated load bearing member.
- Typical load bearing members include steel ropes and, more recently, synthetic ropes and multi-element ropes such as polymer coated, steel or synthetic cord reinforced belts. Synthetic ropes and polymer coated, synthetic cord reinforced belts are particularly attractive for elevator applications due to their greater strength-to-weight ratio compared with steel ropes or belts.
- this invention is a load bearing assembly for use in an elevator system.
- the inventive arrangement includes a plurality of non-ferromagnetic fibers arranged into at least one cord. At least one ferromagnetic element is associated with the cord.
- the ferromagnetic element is situated such that a physical characteristic of the ferromagnetic element changes responsive to strain on the non-ferromagnetic fibers. Such a change or changes in the ferromagnetic element can be detected.
- the ferromagnetic element therefore, provides an indication of a condition of the assembly.
- the ferromagnetic element breaks responsive to excessive strain on the non- ferromagnetic fibers.
- the breaks in the ferromagnetic element correspond to locations of the non- ferromagnetic elements that are strained.
- the ferromagnetic element preferably is chosen so that it breaks responsive to localized bending fatigue in the load bearing assembly.
- a method of determining the condition of a load bearing assembly according to this invention includes arranging a ferromagnetic element in a selected relationship with a cord, which comprises a plurality of non- ferromagnetic fibers.
- the ferromagnetic element preferably is positioned in a selected relationship with the cord such that a physical characteristic of the ferromagnetic element changes responsive to localized strain on the non-ferromagnetic fibers.
- the method includes determining a number of breaks in the ferromagnetic element. By locating the breaks and comparing the number of breaks to predetermined selection criteria, the condition of the assembly can be determined to make a decision regarding the condition of the assembly to determine whether repair or replacement is needed.
- Figure 1 schematically illustrates an elevator system.
- Figure 2 schematically illustrates an exemplary load bearing assembly designed according to an embodiment of this invention.
- Figure 3 schematically illustrates selected portions of the load bearing assembly of Figure 2.
- Figure 4 schematically illustrates a monitoring device and technique useful with an embodiment of this invention.
- Figure 5 schematically illustrates, in partial cross section, another example load bearing assembly designed according to an embodiment of this invention.
- Figure 6 schematically illustrates an alternative arrangement designed according to an embodiment of this invention.
- FIG. 1 schematically shows an exemplary elevator system 20 that includes a cab
- the load bearing assembly 26 couples the cab 22 and counterweight 24 together so that the cab 22 can be moved between landings in a building, for example, in a conventional fashion.
- the load bearing assembly 26 may take a variety of forms.
- One example is a flat belt containing polymer reinforced strands.
- Other examples include synthetic ropes and multi-element ropes.
- This invention is not limited to "belts" in the strictest sense.
- a flat belt is used as one example of a load bearing assembly designed according to this invention. Therefore, any reference to a "belt" within this description is not intended to be limiting in any sense.
- the example load bearing assembly 26 shown in Figure 2 includes a plurality of strands 30 that are wound together in a known manner to form at least one cord 32.
- a number of cords preferably are aligned parallel to each other and a longitudinal axis of the belt.
- a single cord is shown in Figure 2 for discussion purposes.
- a non- ferromagnetic, polymer material preferably is used to form the strands 30.
- the illustrated strands are coated with a jacket 34, which protects the strands from wear and provides friction characteristics for driving the elevator system components as needed. This invention is not limited to coated belt arrangements.
- At least one ferromagnetic element 38 preferably is associated with the cord 32.
- the ferromagnetic element 38 is integrally placed within one of the strands 30 of the cord 32.
- a ferromagnetic element 38 is integrally placed within one of the strands 30 of the cord 32.
- ways of associating a ferromagnetic element 38 with a cord comprised of non-ferromagnetic fibers within the scope of this invention.
- a ferromagnetic element 38 is illustrated along with a plurality of non- ferromagnetic fibers 36 that are wound together in a conventional fashion to form a cord.
- a helical winding arrangement as known in the art, provides the desired structural characteristics of the strands and the cord.
- the ferromagnetic element 38 preferably is chosen to have physical characteristics that will not alter the performance of the load bearing assembly or interfere with the integrity of the assembly provided by the non-ferromagnetic fibers.
- a steel wire having an outside dimension that is similar to an outside dimension of the non-ferromagnetic fibers is used as the ferromagnetic element 38.
- the wire may be coated, depending on the needs of a particular situation.
- the ferromagnetic element 38 is associated with the cord 32 such that strain on the non- ferromagnetic fibers of the assembly causes a corresponding change in a physical characteristic of the ferromagnetic element.
- the ferromagnetic element breaks responsive to bending fatigue experienced by the non-ferromagnetic fibers.
- the cross sectional dimension of the ferromagnetic element is reduced in locations where the non-ferromagnetic fibers are strained.
- a magnetic flux leakage technique is used to determine the number of breaks or other changes in the ferromagnetic element 38 along the length of the assembly 26.
- An example arrangement utilizing this technique is schematically illustrated in Figure 4.
- a monitoring device 40 includes a permanent magnet 42 and a pair of Hall effect sensors 46.
- a permanent magnet 42 creates a magnetic field as is schematically shown by the magnetic flux lines 50 in Figure 4.
- a break in the ferromagnetic element 38 is schematically illustrated at 54.
- the controller 48 preferably is programmed to communicate with the sensors 46 and to record data indicating the number of detected breaks and information regarding the location of the breaks in the assembly 26.
- the non-ferromagnetic material used to form the structural, load bearing cords of the load bearing member assembly can be any one or more of a variety of commercially available materials.
- the structural material of the load bearing member may be, for example, PBO, which is sold under the trade name Zylon; liquid crystal polymers such as a polyester-polyarylate, which is sold under the trade name Vectran; p-type aramids such as those sold under the trade names Kevlar, Technora and Twaron; or an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, an example of which is sold under the trade name Spectra; and nylon. Given this description and the known properties of such available materials, those skilled in the art will be able to select appropriate materials to meet the needs of their particular situation.
- FIG. 5 Another example is shown in Figure 5.
- a plurality of cords 32 are aligned along the length of the load bearing assembly 26.
- Each of the cords 32 comprise a plurality of non-ferromagnetic fibers 36 that are wound together in a desired manner, such as in a known helical arrangement.
- the cords 32 are coated with an elastomeric jacket 34.
- the jacket 34 comprises polyurethane. Such coatings or jackets are known in the art.
- the example of Figure 5 includes a plurality of cords 32 supported within a single jacket 34 having a desired spacing between the cords across the width of the assembly 26.
- a ferromagnetic element 38 preferably is associated with each of the cords 32.
- the ferromagnetic elements 38 are supported within the jacket 34 in a selected position relative to each cord.
- the ferromagnetic elements 38 are supported immediately adjacent to the cords extending parallel to an axis of a respective cord 32.
- the ferromagnetic elements 38 are not integrated as part of the cords 32.
- FIG. 5 schematically shows selected portions of a monitoring device 40 having a plurality of Hall effect sensors 46 that are positioned to detect physical changes in the ferromagnetic elements 38 as the assembly 26 moves relative to the monitoring device 40.
- a permanent magnet is not illustrated in Figure 5 for simplicity.
- the example of Figure 6 includes integrating the ferromagnetic element 38 into the cords 32 of the load bearing assembly 26.
- the ferromagnetic elements 38 are at the center of each cord.
- a physical characteristic of the ferromagnetic element 38 changes in the regions where the assembly is strained.
- Example physical characteristics that change include the continuity of the ferromagnetic element 38.
- the ferromagnetic element 38 in some examples will break responsive to bending fatigue or other strain on the non-ferromagnetic fibers 36.
- the physical, cross-sectional dimension of the ferromagnetic element 38 will change as the ferromagnetic element 38 is stretched (but not quite broken) in a region that undergoes strain.
- Breaks in the ferromagnetic element 38 provide a detectable change that can be monitored using known magnetic flux " leakage techniques, for example.
- Other physical characteristic changes in the ferromagnetic element may be used, depending on the monitoring technique chosen for a particular situation. Those skilled in the art who have the benefit of this description will be able to make appropriate selections for their particular situation.
- a method of this invention preferably includes predetermining correlating factors between a detected number of physical changes (i.e., breaks or areas of reduced cross section) in the ferromagnetic element and the condition of the assembly 26.
- known testing devices and techniques can be used to subject the assembly 26 to desired amounts of strain to simulate known amounts of bending fatigue.
- the number of breaks or other physical changes in the ferromagnetic element 38 for a particular embodiment preferably are monitored at different stages of the testing.
- a belt section having a loss of belt breaking strength as derived from known bending fatigue tests can be utilized to provide a sample of a load bearing assembly that may not be fit for continued operation.
- the corresponding number of observed changes in the physical characteristic (i.e., cross-sectional dimension or continuity) of the ferromagnetic element within that section provides an indication of such a belt condition. . That measurement can be used for comparisons to actual measurements on belts in service to discern a condition of the belt.
- the correlating data provides information to compute a figure of merit or a belt condition index. Once a threshold figure is determined for a given belt configuration, that information can be used in -the field by elevator technicians to determine what a belt's current condition is and to make a decision whether replacement may be necessary.
- the belt condition index is based on a density of breaks in the element 38 (i.e., a number of breaks within a certain length of belt).
- Devices that utilize the advances of this invention preferably are programmed to provide a technician or mechanic with an output indicating a condition of the belt assembly so that determinations can be made in the field regarding belt condition to facilitate decisions regarding maintenance or replacement.
Landscapes
- Lift-Guide Devices, And Elevator Ropes And Cables (AREA)
- Ropes Or Cables (AREA)
- Maintenance And Inspection Apparatuses For Elevators (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Magnetic Means (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE60214769T DE60214769T2 (en) | 2001-12-19 | 2002-11-12 | ARTIFICIAL FIBER COMPONENT WITH FERROMAGNITIC ELEMENT THAT INDICATES A LOCAL TREATMENT |
JP2003554983A JP4271578B2 (en) | 2001-12-19 | 2002-11-12 | Method for determining the state of a load bearing assembly |
EP02789594A EP1461490B1 (en) | 2001-12-19 | 2002-11-12 | Rope made of synthetic fibers having a ferromagnetic element providing an indication of local strain |
HK05109485.8A HK1077605A1 (en) | 2001-12-19 | 2005-10-25 | Method of determining the condition of rope having a ferromagnetic element providing an indication of local strain |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/025,327 | 2001-12-19 | ||
US10/025,327 US20030062226A1 (en) | 2001-10-03 | 2001-12-19 | Elevator load bearing assembly having a ferromagnetic element that provides an indication of local strain |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2003054290A1 true WO2003054290A1 (en) | 2003-07-03 |
Family
ID=21825370
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2002/036254 WO2003054290A1 (en) | 2001-12-19 | 2002-11-12 | Rope made of synthetic fibers having a ferromagnetic element providing an incication of local strain |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US20030062226A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1461490B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP4271578B2 (en) |
CN (1) | CN100387772C (en) |
DE (1) | DE60214769T2 (en) |
HK (1) | HK1077605A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2003054290A1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2007532019A (en) * | 2003-07-16 | 2007-11-08 | レイセオン カンパニー | Radome with polyester-polyarylate fibers and method for producing the same |
WO2017068054A1 (en) | 2015-10-21 | 2017-04-27 | Teufelberger Fiber Rope Gmbh | High-strength fiber rope for lifting devices such as cranes |
EP3392404A1 (en) | 2017-04-20 | 2018-10-24 | Teufelberger Fiber Rope GmbH | High strength fibre cable for hoisting equipment such as cranes |
US10352683B2 (en) | 2014-04-02 | 2019-07-16 | Her Majesty The Queen In Right Of Canada As Represented By The Minister Of Natural Resources Canada | Device for analysis of synthetic rope or cable, and method of use |
Families Citing this family (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2004528488A (en) * | 2001-02-15 | 2004-09-16 | ナムローゼ・フェンノートシャップ・ベーカート・ソシエテ・アノニム | Structure composed of metal ropes and metal ropes |
US7117981B2 (en) * | 2001-12-19 | 2006-10-10 | Otis Elevator Company | Load bearing member for use in an elevator system having external markings for indicating a condition of the assembly |
MY134592A (en) * | 2002-10-17 | 2007-12-31 | Inventio Ag | Belt with an integrated monitoring mechanism |
ES2428374T3 (en) * | 2006-12-04 | 2013-11-07 | Inventio Ag | Synthetic fiber cable |
US7814804B2 (en) * | 2007-03-30 | 2010-10-19 | Brunswick Corporation | Methods and apparatus to determine belt condition in exercise equipment |
EP2396264B1 (en) * | 2009-02-12 | 2014-09-03 | Otis Elevator Company | Elevator tension member monitoring device |
CA2797020C (en) * | 2010-04-22 | 2015-11-24 | Thyssenkrupp Elevator Ag | Elevator suspension and transmission strip |
BR112013002462A2 (en) | 2010-09-01 | 2016-05-24 | Otis Elevator Co | monitoring system for a support structure, and methods for calibrating a monitoring system and for monitoring a support structure. |
US9599582B2 (en) | 2010-09-01 | 2017-03-21 | Otis Elevator Company | Simplified resistance based belt inspection |
EP2893330B1 (en) * | 2012-09-04 | 2022-11-16 | Teijin Aramid B.V. | Method for non-destructive testing of synthetic ropes and rope suitable for use therein |
CN102897625A (en) * | 2012-10-30 | 2013-01-30 | 吴江信谊精密五金有限公司 | Elevator traction steel wire rope fracture detecting device |
ES2550527B1 (en) * | 2014-05-09 | 2016-09-08 | Orona, S. Coop. | Suspension and traction element, lift and control procedure of the adhesion of said element to a pulley |
AT14635U1 (en) * | 2014-09-11 | 2016-02-15 | Teufelberger Holding Ag | fiber rope |
AT516444B1 (en) | 2014-11-05 | 2016-09-15 | Teufelberger Fiber Rope Gmbh | Rope made of textile fiber material |
CN105084142B (en) * | 2015-08-25 | 2017-06-13 | 上海新时达线缆科技有限公司 | The life detecting device and detection method of elevator cable |
EP3141513B1 (en) | 2015-09-08 | 2022-12-07 | Otis Elevator Company | Elevator tension member |
EP3336036B1 (en) * | 2016-12-16 | 2021-02-03 | KONE Corporation | Method and arrangement for condition monitoring of a hoisting rope of a hoisting apparatus |
US11884516B2 (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2024-01-30 | Otis Elevator Company | Health monitoring of elevator system tension members |
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DE303677C (en) * | ||||
DE2159995A1 (en) * | 1971-12-03 | 1973-06-14 | Otto Dipl Ing Busselmeier | ROPE WITH ACCIDENT PROTECTION |
US5890564A (en) * | 1996-12-20 | 1999-04-06 | Otis Elevator Company | Apparatus to inspect hoisting ropes |
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FR2410077A1 (en) | 1977-11-28 | 1979-06-22 | Seine & Lys | Ropes and belts for safety use - carries a marker yarn, of lower elasticity at break than the other yarns, to indicate strain |
EP0044849A1 (en) | 1980-02-08 | 1982-02-03 | PAYNE, Reginald Kenneth | Monitoring and controlling lift positions |
DE3230213A1 (en) | 1982-08-13 | 1984-02-23 | Bayerische Bühnenbau GmbH, 8480 Weiden | MEASURING AND CONTROL DEVICE FOR LOADS ATTACHED TO ROPES, ESPECIALLY FOR THEATER POINTS |
GB2152088B (en) | 1983-12-20 | 1986-11-12 | Bridon Plc | Detection of deterioration in rope |
US4602476A (en) | 1984-12-03 | 1986-07-29 | Amsted Industries Incorporated | Plastic filled wire rope with strand spacer |
JPH0256397A (en) | 1988-08-22 | 1990-02-26 | Toshiba Corp | Checking device for crane wore rope |
US5015859A (en) | 1989-09-25 | 1991-05-14 | General Electric Company | Method and apparatus for detecting wear |
FR2676814B1 (en) | 1991-05-24 | 1993-08-06 | Elf Aquitaine | FIBER OPTICAL MONITORING AND CHECKING SYSTEM. |
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CA2169431C (en) * | 1995-03-06 | 2005-07-12 | Claudio De Angelis | Equipment for recognising when synthetic fibre cables are ripe for being discarded |
US6080982A (en) | 1998-05-13 | 2000-06-27 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Embedded wear sensor |
IL133050A (en) | 1998-12-07 | 2003-12-10 | Inventio Ag | Device for identification of need to replace synthetic fiber ropes |
JP4371515B2 (en) * | 1999-01-22 | 2009-11-25 | インベンテイオ・アクテイエンゲゼルシヤフト | Detection of damage to a rope sheath of a synthetic fiber rope |
US6633159B1 (en) * | 1999-03-29 | 2003-10-14 | Otis Elevator Company | Method and apparatus for magnetic detection of degradation of jacketed elevator rope |
JP2001072383A (en) * | 1999-09-02 | 2001-03-21 | Tokyo Seiko Co Ltd | Wire rope with self-diagnosing function |
-
2001
- 2001-12-19 US US10/025,327 patent/US20030062226A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2002
- 2002-11-12 DE DE60214769T patent/DE60214769T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-11-12 WO PCT/US2002/036254 patent/WO2003054290A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2002-11-12 EP EP02789594A patent/EP1461490B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-11-12 CN CNB028255593A patent/CN100387772C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-11-12 JP JP2003554983A patent/JP4271578B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2003
- 2003-04-03 US US10/406,146 patent/US6684981B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2005
- 2005-10-25 HK HK05109485.8A patent/HK1077605A1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE303677C (en) * | ||||
DE2159995A1 (en) * | 1971-12-03 | 1973-06-14 | Otto Dipl Ing Busselmeier | ROPE WITH ACCIDENT PROTECTION |
US5890564A (en) * | 1996-12-20 | 1999-04-06 | Otis Elevator Company | Apparatus to inspect hoisting ropes |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2007532019A (en) * | 2003-07-16 | 2007-11-08 | レイセオン カンパニー | Radome with polyester-polyarylate fibers and method for producing the same |
US10352683B2 (en) | 2014-04-02 | 2019-07-16 | Her Majesty The Queen In Right Of Canada As Represented By The Minister Of Natural Resources Canada | Device for analysis of synthetic rope or cable, and method of use |
WO2017068054A1 (en) | 2015-10-21 | 2017-04-27 | Teufelberger Fiber Rope Gmbh | High-strength fiber rope for lifting devices such as cranes |
US11008702B2 (en) | 2015-10-21 | 2021-05-18 | Teufelberger Fiber Rope Gmbh | High-strength fiber rope for lifting devices such as cranes |
EP3392404A1 (en) | 2017-04-20 | 2018-10-24 | Teufelberger Fiber Rope GmbH | High strength fibre cable for hoisting equipment such as cranes |
US10808355B2 (en) | 2017-04-20 | 2020-10-20 | Teufelberger Fiber Rope Gmbh | High-strength fibre rope for hoisting equipment such as cranes |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP4271578B2 (en) | 2009-06-03 |
CN100387772C (en) | 2008-05-14 |
JP2005512922A (en) | 2005-05-12 |
US20030062226A1 (en) | 2003-04-03 |
HK1077605A1 (en) | 2006-02-17 |
CN1630755A (en) | 2005-06-22 |
EP1461490B1 (en) | 2006-09-13 |
US6684981B2 (en) | 2004-02-03 |
DE60214769D1 (en) | 2006-10-26 |
EP1461490A1 (en) | 2004-09-29 |
US20030205434A1 (en) | 2003-11-06 |
DE60214769T2 (en) | 2007-09-20 |
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