WO2002066638A1 - Gene recombinant contenant une sequence de repetition inversee et utilisation correspondante - Google Patents
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- WO2002066638A1 WO2002066638A1 PCT/JP2002/001554 JP0201554W WO02066638A1 WO 2002066638 A1 WO2002066638 A1 WO 2002066638A1 JP 0201554 W JP0201554 W JP 0201554W WO 02066638 A1 WO02066638 A1 WO 02066638A1
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- gene
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- human mammal
- inverted repeat
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
- C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
- C12N15/11—DNA or RNA fragments; Modified forms thereof; Non-coding nucleic acids having a biological activity
- C12N15/111—General methods applicable to biologically active non-coding nucleic acids
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K2217/00—Genetically modified animals
- A01K2217/07—Animals genetically altered by homologous recombination
- A01K2217/075—Animals genetically altered by homologous recombination inducing loss of function, i.e. knock out
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N2310/00—Structure or type of the nucleic acid
- C12N2310/10—Type of nucleic acid
- C12N2310/11—Antisense
- C12N2310/111—Antisense spanning the whole gene, or a large part of it
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
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- C12N2310/00—Structure or type of the nucleic acid
- C12N2310/10—Type of nucleic acid
- C12N2310/14—Type of nucleic acid interfering N.A.
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
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- C12N2310/00—Structure or type of the nucleic acid
- C12N2310/50—Physical structure
- C12N2310/53—Physical structure partially self-complementary or closed
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
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- C12N2330/00—Production
- C12N2330/30—Production chemically synthesised
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a recombinant gene containing an inverted repeat of a target gene. More specifically, the present invention relates to a recombinant gene into which an inverted repeat sequence of a target gene has been integrated so that it can be expressed in mammalian cells. The present invention also relates to a transgenic animal obtained using the above-mentioned recombinant gene. Background art
- the knockout method requires a lot of labor and time, and is not practical for analyzing a large number of drugs or candidate proteins to be targeted by the drug, and is therefore more effective and simpler than the conventional knockout method. There is a need for a method for suppressing gene function.
- RNAi is the transfer of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) from a part of mRNA encoding a part of a certain gene (called target gene) to a cell.
- dsRNA double-stranded RNA
- target gene a part of a certain gene
- RNAi inhibitory action has not been elucidated, genetic analysis in C. elegans indicates that ego-1, mut-2, mut-7, mut-8, mut-9, red-1, The involvement of genes such as rde-2 and rde-4 has been reported (Grishok et al., 2000).
- RNAi has been established as a gene knockout technology in C. elegans, and is a major tool for genome function analysis using whole nucleotide sequence information obtained from the C. elegans whole genome sequencing project. (Fraser et al., 2000; Gonczy et al., 2000). In the analysis of mammalian genome functions, it is expected to be an efficient method for suppressing gene expression as a method that is less time-consuming and labor-intensive than gene knockout.
- An object of the present invention is to improve the method of introducing dsRNA so that RNAi has a long-term effect in mammalian cells such as mice.
- the present inventors have conducted intensive studies in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and consequently found that the extrinsic ribator 1 "was a ubiquitous ribonuclease, and that Jinnanced green fluorescent protieh (EGFP) was used (Cormack et al., 1996). ), A part of chicken beta globin gene insulator rooster (240 base pairs), CMV enhancer, EGFP inverted repeat sequence downstream of human EFla promoter, and SV40 poly A addition signal. A transgene was constructed, and this gene was transfected into fertilized eggs of EGFP transgenic mice. The EGFP fluorescence during the early developmental stage was examined. The present invention has been completed based on these findings.
- EGFP Jinnanced green fluorescent protieh
- a recombinant gene containing an inverted repeat of a target gene that can be expressed in mammalian cells that can be expressed in mammalian cells.
- a recombinant gene comprising an inverted repeat of a target gene downstream of a promoter sequence operable in mammalian cells
- the target gene is a gene of an exogenous reporter protein or a mutant protein thereof;
- the recombinant gene of the present invention can preferably be used for the production of a transgenic non-human mammal, which is preferably a mouse, rat, hamster, guinea pig, egret, dog, It is a non-human mammal selected from the group consisting of cats, pomas, sea lions, sheep, pigs, goats and monkeys.
- a recombinant vector comprising the above-described recombinant gene of the present invention.
- transgenic non-human mammal or a progeny thereof, or a part thereof, which expresses an inverted repeat of a target gene.
- transgenic non-human mammal its progeny, or a part thereof, wherein the inverted repeat sequence of the target gene is the inverted 'repeated sequence of the gene of the exogenous reporter protein or its mutant protein.
- the non-human mammal is selected from the group consisting of a mouse, a rat, a hamster, a monoremot, a penguin, a dog, a cat, a pen, a peony, a sheep, a pig, a goat and a sanole.
- a recombinant gene containing an inverted repeat sequence of a target potato under an enhancer sequence and a promoter sequence, or a recombinant vector containing the recombinant gene is introduced into cells of a non-human mammal.
- a method for suppressing stalking of a target gene comprising: BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
- FIG. 1 shows the construction of a plasmid containing the EGFP inverted repeat sequence gene.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the construction of a plasmid containing the EGFP inverted repeat sequence gene containing 5, INS240.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the construction of a plasmid containing the antisense strand EGFP.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the structure of an EGFP dsRNA expression transgene fragment (3.7 kb) (upper row) and the structure of an EGFP antisense RNA expression transgene fragment (3.0 kb) (lower row).
- Figure 5 shows the fluorescence image (left column) and visible light image (right column) of the embryo after transgene injection into the pronucleus of the fertilized egg.
- FIG. 6 shows mice with reduced EGFP fluorescence on the body surface.
- the offspring mice from day 1 to day after birth were irradiated with a 365 nm ultraviolet lamp and observed in a box, and mice with reduced EGFP fluorescence on the body surface were observed.
- the middle mouse among the three pups is the dimmed mouse.
- FIG. 7 shows EGFP fluorescence observation of mouse lymphocytes in which EGFP fluorescence has been reduced on the body surface.
- Mouse Nos. HIR-1-16L and HIR-7-238L are mice in which RAi expression was observed.
- a B6C3F1 mouse was used as a Q negative control, which was a mouse in which no RNAi effect was observed in each litter.
- FIG. 8 shows EGFP fluorescence observation (observation after long-term breeding) of mouse lymphocytes with reduced EGFP fluorescence on the body surface. Using the same mice as those used in FIG. 7, this analysis was performed 6 months after the analysis shown in FIG. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
- the recombinant gene of the present invention is characterized by containing an inverted repeat sequence of a target gene that can be expressed in mammalian cells.
- a recombinant gene having such a structure By introducing a recombinant gene having such a structure into mammalian cells, the inverted repeat sequence of the target gene can be expressed in the cells, thereby increasing the expression of the target gene by the RNAi (RNAinterference) effect. It becomes possible to suppress.
- RNAi RNAinterference
- An inverted repeat sequence refers to a sequence in which a target gene and its inverted sequence are juxtaposed via an appropriate sequence. Specifically, when the target gene has a double strand consisting of the following n base sequences,
- the reverse arrangement has the following arrangement:
- the inverted repeat sequence is a sequence in which the above two types of sequences are arranged via an appropriate sequence. Two types of inverted repeat sequences can be considered: a case where the sequence of the target gene is upstream of the sequence of the reverse sequence and a case where the sequence of the reverse sequence is upstream of the sequence of the target gene.
- the inverted repeat sequence used in the present invention may be any of the above, but preferably, the inverted sequence is present upstream of the sequence of the target gene.
- the sequence existing between the target gene sequence and its reverse sequence is a region that forms a hairpin loop when transcribed into R R.
- the length of this region is not particularly limited as long as a hairpin loop can be formed, but is generally from Otp to 700 bp, preferably about 0 to 300 bp, more preferably about 0 to 100 bp. is there.
- a restriction enzyme site may be present in this sequence.
- Any gene can be used as the target gene used in the present invention.
- the target gene is a gene intended to suppress the expression (knockout is intended). Gene).
- Such target genes include genes that have been cloned but whose functions are unknown.
- the target gene may be a gene for an exogenous reporter protein or a mutant protein thereof.
- the gene of such an exogenous reporter protein or its mutant protein is used as a target gene, the RNAi effect can be easily detected and evaluated by the transgenic technique using the recombinant gene of the present invention. be able to.
- mutant protein of the exogenous reporter protein one or more (for example, 1 to 20, preferably 1 to 10, more preferably 1 to 10) amino acid sequences in the above-described wild-type reporter protein are used. 5) amino acid substitutions, deletions, additions and
- the gene of the mutant protein of the reporter protein include a gene in which a part of the nucleotide sequence in the gene of the reporter protein is deleted, a gene in which the nucleotide sequence of the reporter gene is replaced with another nucleotide sequence, A gene in which another base sequence is inserted into a part of the reporter gene is used.
- the number of bases subject to deletion, substitution or addition is not particularly limited, but is usually about 1 to 60, preferably about 1 to 30 and more preferably about 1 to 10. It is desirable that these mutant genes maintain their functions as the reporter gene '.
- the gene for the mutant protein can be produced by any method known to those skilled in the art, such as chemical synthesis, genetic engineering techniques, and mutagenesis.
- the mutagen can be mutated by contacting the mutagenic agent with DNA encoding the natural reporter protein, irradiating ultraviolet rays, or using genetic engineering techniques such as PCR.
- a gene encoding a protein can be obtained.
- Site-directed mutagenesis which is one of the genetic engineering techniques, is particularly useful because it is a technique that can introduce a specific mutation at a specific position.
- an inverted repeat sequence of the target gene exists downstream of the promoter sequence operable in mammals. With such a configuration, it becomes possible to express the inverted repeat sequence of the target gene in mammalian cells. That is, in the recombinant gene of the present invention, the inverted repeat sequence of the target gene is placed under the control of the above promoter.
- the promoter sequence used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it can operate in mammals.
- promoters examples include, for example, gene promoters derived from viruses (eg, cytomegalovirus, Moroni leukemia virus, JC virus, breast cancer virus), various mammals (eg, human, rabbit, etc.). , Dogs, cats, monoremots, /, musters, rats, mice, etc.).
- promoters derived from each mammal include, for example, albumin, endothelin, osteocalcin, muscle creatine kinase, collagen type I and type II, and italic AMP-dependent protein kinase ⁇ -subunit (The. Pyological 'The Journal of Biological Chemistry, Vol. 271,-No.
- promoters described in, for example, Molecular Medicine extra edition, manual disease model mouse; Kenichi Yamamura, 'Matsuya Katsuki, Shinichi Aizawa, Nakayama Shoten, etc.' can also be used.
- Preferred promoters for use in the present invention include the I-to-EFla promoter used in the examples of the present specification, and other examples include the following.
- CMV enhancer It is generally used as a combination of the CMV enhancer and the / 3 actin promoter.
- pCAGGS chicken beta-actin promoter and cytomega ⁇ virus enhancer, beta-actin intron and bovine globin poly-adenylation signal.
- Apolipoprotein E promoter Promoter intended for expression in fetal liver For references, see Simonet et al., 1993, J. Biol. Chem., 268, 8221-8229.
- a transgenic mouse may be prepared by introducing the gesom itself.
- a transgenic mouse see 0kamoto M., et al., J. Exp. Med., 175, 71 (1992).
- the recombinant gene of the present invention may contain an enhancer sequence upstream of the promoter sequence.
- enhancer sequence examples include the CMV enhancer described above.
- the recombinant gene of the present invention may contain an insulator sequence or a part thereof.
- An insulator sequence is a gene sequence that protects a transgenic animal from suppression of gene expression due to “position effects”. It is expected to be a committee for the effects of nearby cis-elements.
- the position of the insulator sequence or a part thereof is not particularly limited, it is preferably present on the 5 ′ side (upstream) of the transgene (that is, the inverted repeat sequence of the target gene) from the viewpoint of the effect. Most preferably, the insulator sequence or a portion thereof is upstream of the promoter sequence (or upstream of the enhancer sequence, if present).
- the recombinant gene of the present invention may include a poly A-attached caro signal sequence downstream of the inverted repeat sequence of the target gene. Insertion of the poly A additional signal sequence can terminate transcription of the desired messenger RNA.
- poly A additional signal sequence examples include, but are not limited to, SV40 poly A additional signal.
- the expression vector of the present invention can be produced according to a method known per se or a method analogous thereto.
- the present invention further relates to a recombinant vector containing the above-described recombinant gene according to the present invention and a transformant having the recombinant vector.
- butter in the case of using a bacterium as a host include, for example, pBTrP2, pBTacl, pBTac2 (all commercially available from Perlinger Mannheim), pKK233-2 (Pharmacia), pSE280 (Invitrogen), pGEMEX- 1 (Promega), pQE-8 (QIAGEN), pQE-30 (QIAGEN), pKYPIO (JP-A-58-110600), pKYP200 [Agrc. Biol. Chem., 48, 669 (1984)] ] PLSA1 [Agrc. Biol. Chem., 53, 277 (1989)], pGELl [Proc. Natl.
- PBluescrlptll SK +, pBluescriptII SK (-) (Stratagene PTrS30 (FERMBP-5407), pTrS32 (FERM BP-5408), pGEX (Pharmacia), pET-3 (Novagen), pTerm2 (US4686191, US4939094, US5160735), pSupex, pUB110, pTP5, pC194 PUC18 [Gene, 33, 103 (1985)], pUC19 [Gene, 33, 103 (1985)], pSTV28 (Takara Shuzo), PSTV29 (Takara Shuzo), pUC118 (Takara Shuzo), pPAl (Special ⁇ Showa 63-233798), pEG400 CJ. Bacteriol., 172, 2392 (1 990)] and pQE-30 (manufact
- vectors using yeast as a host include, for example, YEpl3 (ATCC37115), YEp24 (ATCC37051), Ycp50 (ATCC37419), pHS19, pHS15, and the like. It is not limited to.
- the vector using an animal cell as a host include, for example, pcDNAI, pcDM8 (commercially available from Funakoshi), pAGE107 [JP-A-3-22979; Cytotechnology, 3, 133, (1990)], PAS3-3 (Japanese Hei 2-227075), pCDM8 (Nature, 329, 840, (1987)), pcDNAI / AmP (Invitrogen), pREP4 (Invitrogen), pAGE103 (J. Blochem., 101, 1307 (1987)), Examples include, but are not limited to, pAGE210. Any host cell that can express the target gene can be used as a host cell for preparing a transformant.
- bacteria for example, Escherichia, Serratia, Corynepacterium, Plebipacterium, Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Micropacterium, etc.
- yeasts yeasts (Krybium sp., Saccharomyces) Genus, Schizosaccharomyces, Trichosporon, Schiziomyces, etc.
- animal cells Nonamarba cells, C0S1 cells, C0S7 cells, CH0 cells, etc.
- plant cells insect cells (Sf9 cells, Sf21 cells, High5 cells, etc.) Etc.
- Any method can be appropriately selected for introducing the recombinant vector into the host depending on the type of the host and the like.
- Examples of the method for introducing into a bacterial host include a method using calcium ions and a protoplast method.
- methods for introducing into yeast include an electroporation method, a spheroblast method, and a lithium acetate method.
- Examples of the method for introducing animal cells include an electroporation method, a calcium phosphate method, a ribofusion method and the like.
- the present invention further provides an embryo generated from a fertilized egg of a non-human mammal into which the above-described recombinant gene or recombinant vector of the present invention has been introduced, and the embryo or uterus or oviduct of a corresponding non-human mammal. It also relates to fetuses that have been transplanted and developed. These animals are transgenic non-human mammals that express inverted repeats of the target gene.
- non-human mammal examples include an organelle, a cell, a tissue, and an organ of a non-human mammal, as well as a head, a finger, a hand, a foot, an abdomen, and a tail.
- Non-human mammals include, for example, but are not limited to, mice, rats, hamsters, guinea pigs, egrets, dogs, cats, dogs, horseshoe, higgins, pusta, goats and monkeys It is not something to be done.
- Non-human mammals are preferably rodent mammals such as mice, rats and guinea pigs, and mice or rats are particularly preferred.
- mice examples include pure strains such as C57BL / 6 strain, DBA / 2 strain, BALB / c strain, and hybrid strains such as B6C3F1 strain and B6D2F1 strain, and closed colony strains such as ICR strain. And the like.
- Examples of rats include Wistar, SD, and the like.
- the transgenic non-human mammal of the invention may have a DNA that incorporates the inverted repeat of the target gene to be expressed at a particular site.
- to be expressed at a specific site means that the inverted repeat sequence of a target gene can be expressed at a specific site such as a specific site in a cell, an organelle, a cell, a tissue or an organ.
- An axon in a nerve cell or the like is fisted as the specific intracellular site.
- the organelle include nucleus, mitochondria, Golgi apparatus, endoplasmic reticulum, ribosome, cell membrane, and the like.
- Cells include, for example, mammalian hepatocytes, spleen cells, nerve cells, glial cells, knee ⁇ cells, bone marrow cells, mesangial cells, Langerhans cells, epidermal cells, epithelial cells, ( ⁇ skin cells, fibroblasts, Fibrocytes, muscle cells, fat cells, immune cells, megakaryocytes, synovial cells, chondrocytes, bone cells, osteoblasts, osteoclasts, breast cells, hepatocytes or stromal cells, or precursors of these cells And any cells such as stem cells or cancer cells, etc.
- tissue examples include any tissue in which the above cells are present, the brain (plano nucleus, basal sphere, hippocampus, hypothalamus, cerebral cortex, medulla, cerebellum, pineal gland, etc.) ), Spinal cord, pituitary, stomach, gonad, thyroid, gallbladder, bone marrow, adrenal gland, skin, muscle, lung, large intestine, small intestine, duodenum, rectum, blood vessels, thymus, submandibular gland, peripheral blood, prostate, testis Ovary, placenta, uterus, bone, joints, etc. skeletal muscle and the like, also may be in blood cells, or cultured cells of the cell.
- the organs heart, kidney, ⁇ , liver, spleen ani I can do it.
- the transgenic non-human mammal of the invention has incorporated the inverted repeat of the target gene to express at a particular time.
- specific time refers to a specific time from embryonic development, childbirth, development, etc., to death. Therefore, the specific period is any stage of embryo development, including the time when a foreign gene is introduced, and any time after the birth, which is hourly, daily, weekly, monthly, or yearly. Is also good.
- transgenic non-human mammal of the present invention in order to express the inverted repeat sequence of the target gene at a specific time, a promoter region capable of expressing a protein at a specific time, a protein at a specific time, A transgenic non-human mammal having an inverted repeat sequence of a target gene is produced using an expression vector into which a signal sequence capable of expressing the target gene has been incorporated.
- a protein expression induction system or to administer a protein expression inducer to a non-human mammal at a specific time. It is.
- an inducible expression system using tetracytaline ecdysone can be used.
- those administered are tetracycline or an analog thereof, respectively.
- Exdison or its analogs Exdison or its analogs.
- a cr e-1 o XP system using a recombinase is used.
- the aforementioned resistance gene to antibiotics such as tetracycline, kanamycin, hygromycin, and puromycin into the expression vector. It is.
- the arrangement of the resistance gene in the expression vector of the present invention is not particularly limited, it is usually preferable to arrange the resistance gene downstream of the reporter gene or its mutant gene, and upstream of the promoter region or signal sequence.
- the transgenic non-human mammal of the present invention comprises a plant operable on mammalian cells. It can be produced by introducing a recombinant gene (hereinafter, also referred to as a transgene) containing an inverted repeat sequence of a target gene downstream of an oral motor sequence into a subject animal. Specifically, by introducing the transgene into a fertilized egg, JK stem cell, somatic cell, sperm, or unfertilized egg of the target non-human mammal, all the cells including the germ cell Thus, a transgenic non-human mammal integrated on the chromosome can be obtained.
- a recombinant gene hereinafter, also referred to as a transgene
- transgenes in fertilized eggs, embryonic stem cells, somatic cells, sperm, and unfertilized eggs should be present on the chromosome of all cells, including germ cells and somatic cells, of the non-human mammals of interest. Must be secured.
- Progeny of this type of animal that has inherited the gene of a transgenic non-human mammal in which the gene has been integrated into the chromosome of all cells, including germ cells also have the gene.
- a homozygous animal having the transgene on both homologous chromosomes is obtained, and by crossing the male and female animals, it is confirmed that all offspring stably maintain the gene, and that they have the gene, It can be subcultured in normal breeding conditions.
- the transgenic non-human mammal of the present invention is preferably used for fertilized eggs, fertilized eggs, spermatozoa, germ cells including their progenitor cells, etc., preferably in the early stage of embryogenesis in the development of non-human mammals. (More preferably, at the stage of a single cell or a fertilized egg cell, and generally before the 8-cell stage).
- a fertilized egg used when a transgene is introduced into a fertilized egg of a target non-human mammal or its ancestor is obtained by crossing a male non-human mammal of the same species with a female non-human mammal.
- fertilized eggs can be obtained by natural mating, it is preferable to artificially regulate the estrous cycle of female non-human mammals and then mate them with male non-human mammals.
- Methods for artificially regulating the estrous cycle of female non-human mammals include, for example,
- a preferred method is to administer follicle-stimulating hormone (pregnant horse serum gonadotropin) and then luteinizing hormone (human chorionic gonadotropin), for example, by intraperitoneal injection.
- the preferable amount and interval of administration of the hormone can be appropriately determined depending on the type of the non-human mammal.
- transgene of the present invention can be obtained by introducing a transgene of interest into somatic cells by the above-described transfection method, and fusing this cell (or its nucleus) with the above-mentioned germ cell by a known cell fusion method.
- Non-human mammals can also be created. 'The construction and construction method of the transgene is as described above in this specification. Transgene transfer at the fertilized egg cell stage is ensured to be present in all germ and somatic cells of the target animal.
- the transgenic non-human mammal having the transgene is obtained by artificially transplanting and implanting the transgene into a female non-human mammal.
- LHRH luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone
- the method of artificially implanting and implanting is preferred.
- the dose of LHRH or an analog thereof and the timing of mating with the male nonhuman mammal after the administration can be appropriately selected depending on the type of the nonhuman mammal and the like. Whether or not the introduced gene has been integrated into the genomic DNA can be confirmed by extracting DNA from the tail of the offspring and testing by Southern hybridization or PCR.
- the presence of the transgene in the germ cells of the produced animal after the introduction of the transgene means that the progeny of the produced animal will retain the transgene in all of its germ cells and somatic cells.
- the offspring of this type of animal that has inherited the transgene have the transgene in all of its germ cells.
- transgenic animals For details of transgenic animals, see, for example, Manipulating the Mouse Embryo (Brigid Hogan et al, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 1986), Gene Targeting,-A Practical Approach, IRL Press at Oxford University Press ( 1993), Biomanual Series 8, Gene Targeting, Generation of Mutant Mice Using ES Cells, Yodosha (1995), Developmental Engineering Manual, Transgenic 'Mice Making, Kodansha (1987), etc. Can be referenced.
- RNAi effect In a transgenic non-human mammal that expresses the inverted repeat sequence of the target gene according to the present invention, expression of the target gene is expected to be suppressed by the RNAi effect. That is, the expression of a target gene is suppressed by introducing a recombinant gene containing an inverted repeat sequence of a target gene downstream of an enhancer sequence and a promoter sequence or a recombinant vector containing the recombinant gene into cells of a non-human mammal. A method for performing this is also within the scope of the present invention.
- the model animal in which the function of the target gene is knocked out as described above is useful for functional analysis of a novel gene.
- Example 1 Construction of transgene 5, INS 240 CE EGFP IR
- a vector was prepared from a vector having a 240-residue insulator of the same sequence on both the 5 'and 3' sides of the Kuguchi-Jungsite. Subsequently, the results of the model experiments showed that the best results were obtained when an insulator sequence was inserted only on the 5th side of the transgene. Therefore, pUC19 5,3 'INS240 CE EGFP which has an insulator of 240 residues of the same sequence on both 5', 3 and 3 sides and an inverted repeat of EGFP downstream of the CMV enhancer and EFla promoter. By removing the 3 'insulator sequence inserted into the 3' end of the transgene, a transgene, 5 'INS 240 CE EGFP IR was constructed as follows.
- PUC19 5 ', 3' INS240 Insulator sequence derived from chicken beta globin is divided into 10 fragments, chemically synthesized, and a 240 bp fragment ligated with DNA Ligase is multi-cloned into PUC19 vector.
- site pCE-EGFP-1 Literature name: Takada, T., et al., Selective production oi transgenic mice using green fluoresent protein as a marker. Nature Biotech. 15: 458-461, 1997), inserted in two steps, ligated, and transformed into Escherichia coli J1109 strain to obtain plasmid PUC195, 3 'INS240 CE EGFP (Fig. 1). ).
- the fragment containing the insulator sequence was cut from PUC195,, 3, and INS240 CE EGFP IR (Fig. 2) as follows.
- PUC19 5 ', 3' INS240 CE EGFP IR was treated with Kpnl and Swal. Approximately 5.4 kbp of the DNA fragment obtained by electrophoresis confirmed pUC195 ', 3, INS240 CE EGFP IR / Kpnl and Swal vectors. Furthermore, after dephosphorylation treatment with BAP to prevent self-ligation, phenol extraction, black-mouth extraction, and ethanol precipitation were performed to remove BAP.
- Plasmid pEGFP-1 SwL in which a Linker having a Swal restriction enzyme site was inserted into the Af III restriction enzyme site of pEGFP- ⁇ (Clontech) was treated with Kpnl and Swal, After electrophoresis on a gel, a DNA fragment of about 1. Okbp was cut out and used as a Kpnl-Swal fragment (Fig. 2).
- PUC195 5,, 3, INS240 CE EGFP IR / Kpnl, Swal vector and Kpnl-Swal fragment were ligated using DNA Ligation Kit ver. 2 (Takara), E. coli SURE2 strain was transformed, EcoT22I and Swal Positive clones were obtained by screening according to the fragment length of DNA treated with Notl. After confirming the DNA sequence, it was named PUC19 5 'INS240 CE EGFP I ⁇
- a transgene having an EGFP antisense sequence was constructed downstream of the same insulator, CMV enhancer, and EF-1 ⁇ promoter.
- Methods include removal of the IR sequence from PUC19 5 'INS240 CE EGFP and introduction of a KpnI restriction enzyme site, and introduction of an EGFP antisense strand between EcoRI and KpnI. The method is described below.
- Plasmid DNA, pUC195 5 'INS240 CE EGFP IR was treated with Notl to obtain pUC195, INS240 CE EGFP IR / Notl vector. Furthermore, after dephosphorylation treatment with CIAP to prevent self-ligation, phenol extraction, extraction with chloroform, and ethanol precipitation were performed for purification.
- PUC195, INS 240 CE EGFP IR / Notl vector and Kpnl Linker with Kpnl restriction enzyme site were ligated with DNA Ligation Kit ver. 2 (Takara), E. coli JM109 was transformed, and Kpn I site was introduced.
- the plasmid pUC19 5 'INS240 CE KpL was obtained.
- pUC19 5 'INS240 CE KpL was treated with EcoRI and Kpnl, an agarose gel electrophoresis fragment was cut out and collected, and used as a PUC195 5' INS240 CE KpL / EcoRI, Kpnl vector.
- CIAP was dephosphorylated, followed by phenol extraction, black-mouthed form extraction, and ethanol precipitation to remove CIAP.
- LITMUS28 EGFP constructed by inserting an EGFP marker gene into Litmus28 was treated with EcoRI and Kpnl. After electrophoresis on an agarose gel, a LITMUS28 EGFP / EcoRI-Kpnl DNA fragment was obtained (FIG. 3).
- PUC195, INS240 CE EGFP IR plasmid DNA was prepared in large quantities by the alkaline lysis method. This plasmid was treated with EcoT22I and Swal, a DNA fragment of about 3.7 kbp was separated by agarose gel electrophoresis, and recovered by electroelution. Furthermore, purification was performed by extraction with phenolic lip form and lip form and ethanol precipitation. After further purification by ultracentrifugation, it was diluted to 1.5 ng / ml with PBS (-) '. This solution was filtered through a 0.22 m diameter filter to obtain a transgene fragment.
- PUC195, INS240 CE EGFP AS plasmid DNA was prepared in large quantities by the alkaline lysis method. This plasmid was treated with EcoT22I and Swal, a DNA fragment of about 2.9 kbp was separated by agarose gel electrophoresis, and recovered by electroelution. The product was further purified by phenol-form-form extraction, form-form extraction and ethanol precipitation. After further purification by ultracentrifugation, it was diluted to 1.2 ng / ml with PBS (-). This solution was filtered through a 0.22 ⁇ diameter filter to obtain a transgene fragment.
- Example 3 Examination of expression of RNAi effect in early mouse embryo
- RNAi effect in early mouse embryos was examined by the following method.
- (1) Production of fertilized eggs-Fertilized eggs were produced according to the method of Toyoda et al. (1971) In vitro fertilization. That is, female mice were intraperitoneally injected with PMSG and hCG (5 units) at 48-hour intervals, then eggs were collected at 16-18 hours, and EGFP transgenic mice (Masaru Okabe, et al, FEBS Letters 407 ( 1997) 313-319) Sperm (sperm collected about 1.5 hours before egg collection) was inseminated (about 100-150 sperm1).
- pronuclear stage fertilized eggs were cryopreserved by a simple vitrification method according to the method of Nakao et al. (1997).
- the frozen fertilized eggs were thawed before the experiment and subjected to a microinjection operation.
- Microinjection of the transgene into the fertilized egg pronucleus was performed according to the method of Katsuki et al. (1987).
- the fertilized eggs were transferred to droplets of modified Witten's medium (m ⁇ medium), and for intranuclear injection, the male pronucleus was confirmed under a phase-contrast microscope (Invert Scope D: Zeiss), and the purified DNA solution was washed. 2pl was injected.
- For intracytoplasmic injection approximately 2 pl of DNA solution was injected into the cytoplasm.
- Viable embryos are transferred to mWM medium and 5 ° /. C0 2, was further body outside cultured under conditions of 95% Air, 37 ° C.
- Fig. 5 shows the fluorescence image (left column) and visible light image (right column) of the embryo three days after the transgene was injected into the pronucleus of the fertilized egg.
- a is a fragment obtained by injecting an EGFP antisense sequence gene fragment
- b is a fragment obtained by injecting an EGFP antisense sequence gene fragment
- c is a fragment obtained by injecting no DNA.
- the microinjected fertilized eggs are transferred to mWM medium, cultured at 5% CO 2 , 95% Air, and 37 ° C for 10 days.At the 2-cell stage, they are transferred to the oviduct of a pseudopregnant female ICR strain mouse. Transplanted. A cesarean section was performed 18 days later to obtain pups. ⁇ In the box (UVP, C-10), the obtained pups were irradiated with a 365 nm ultraviolet lamp (UVL, UVL-56) and EGFP fluorescence observation was performed. Microinjection of EGFP dsRA-expressing gene was performed. Among the pups obtained from the fertilized eggs, pups with reduced EGFP fluorescence were observed by visual observation of the body surface (Fig.
- mice were bred under SPF environment.
- blood was partially collected from the orbital venous plexus using heparin-attached blood collection tubes, peripheral blood mononuclear cells were separated using Lynholite M (CEDARLA E), and FACScan (BD)
- CEDARLA E Lynholite M
- BD FACScan
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Cited By (12)
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WO2003042382A1 (fr) * | 2001-11-14 | 2003-05-22 | Gencom Corporation | Cellules es a effet arni accru |
WO2003046186A1 (en) * | 2001-11-28 | 2003-06-05 | Toudai Tlo, Ltd. | siRNA EXPRESSION SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING FUNCTIONAL GENE KNOCK-DOWN CELLS USING THE SYSTEM |
WO2003070932A1 (fr) * | 2002-02-22 | 2003-08-28 | Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. | Polynucleotide pour gene cible |
WO2004009813A1 (ja) * | 2002-07-18 | 2004-01-29 | Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation | パピローマウイルスベクターを用いたRNAi表現型を有する非ヒト哺乳動物の作製方法 |
WO2004048583A3 (en) * | 2002-11-22 | 2004-11-11 | Inst Clayton De La Rech | Compositions and systems for the regulation of genes |
WO2005028646A1 (ja) * | 2003-09-22 | 2005-03-31 | Riken | 効率的なdna逆位反復構造の調製方法 |
WO2005028655A1 (fr) * | 2003-09-23 | 2005-03-31 | Ning Li | Procede d'augmentation de l'efficacite d'un animal transgenique |
US7629153B2 (en) | 2001-08-02 | 2009-12-08 | Research Development Foundation | Methods and compositions relating to improved lentiviral vector production systems |
US7893036B2 (en) | 2001-07-12 | 2011-02-22 | University Of Massachusetts | In vivo production of small interfering RNAs that mediate gene silencing |
US8551773B2 (en) | 2000-11-13 | 2013-10-08 | Research Development Foundation | Methods and compositions relating to improved lentiviral vectors and their applications |
US8748169B2 (en) | 2001-10-02 | 2014-06-10 | Research Development Foundation | Methods and compositions relating to restricted expression lentiviral vectors and their applications |
JP2016208845A (ja) * | 2015-04-28 | 2016-12-15 | 国立大学法人広島大学 | 哺乳動物細胞内で目的遺伝子の発現を高める方法およびキット、並びに、その利用 |
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JP2004180641A (ja) * | 2002-12-06 | 2004-07-02 | Gencom Co | RNAi表現型を有する非ヒト哺乳動物の作製方法 |
AR064985A1 (es) | 2007-01-22 | 2009-05-06 | E Vision Llc | Lente electroactivo flexible |
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WO2003042382A1 (fr) * | 2001-11-14 | 2003-05-22 | Gencom Corporation | Cellules es a effet arni accru |
WO2003046186A1 (en) * | 2001-11-28 | 2003-06-05 | Toudai Tlo, Ltd. | siRNA EXPRESSION SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING FUNCTIONAL GENE KNOCK-DOWN CELLS USING THE SYSTEM |
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WO2004048583A3 (en) * | 2002-11-22 | 2004-11-11 | Inst Clayton De La Rech | Compositions and systems for the regulation of genes |
WO2005028646A1 (ja) * | 2003-09-22 | 2005-03-31 | Riken | 効率的なdna逆位反復構造の調製方法 |
WO2005028655A1 (fr) * | 2003-09-23 | 2005-03-31 | Ning Li | Procede d'augmentation de l'efficacite d'un animal transgenique |
JP2016208845A (ja) * | 2015-04-28 | 2016-12-15 | 国立大学法人広島大学 | 哺乳動物細胞内で目的遺伝子の発現を高める方法およびキット、並びに、その利用 |
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