WO1992000068A1

WO1992000068A1 - Substituted histidines

Info

Publication number: WO1992000068A1
Application number: PCT/US1991/004561
Authority: WO
Inventors: John Gerald Gleason; Judith Hempel; David Taylor Hill; James Samanen; Joseph Weinstock
Original assignee: Smithkline Beecham Corporation
Priority date: 1990-06-28
Filing date: 1991-06-26
Publication date: 1992-01-09
Also published as: NZ238688A; KR930701411A; ZA914960B; EP0536262A4; US5444081A; CA2084776A1; IE912248A1; EP0536262A1; AU650890B2; AU8105991A; PT98143A; MX9100018A; US5565480A; JPH05508642A

Abstract

Angiotensin II receptor antagonists having formula (I) which are useful in regulating hypertension and in the treatment of congestive heart failure, renal failure, and glaucoma, pharmaceutical compositions including these antagonists, and methods of using these compounds to produce angiotensin II receptor antagonism in mammals.

Description

SUBSTITUTED HISTIDINES

The present invention relates to new substituted histidines which are angiotensin II receptor antagonists and are useful in regulating hypertension induced or exacerbated by angiotensin II and in the treatment of congestive heart failure, renal failure, and glaucoma.

This invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions containing substituted histidines and methods for using these compounds as antagonists of angiotensin II, as anti-hypertensive agents and. as agents for treating congestive heart failure, renal failure, and glaucoma.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The class of peptide pressor hormone known as

angiotensin is responsible for a vasopressor action that is implicated in the etiology of hypertension in man.

Inappropriate activity of the renin-angiotensin systems appears co be a key element in essential hypertension, congestive heart failure and in some forms of renal

disease. In addition to a direct action on arteries and arterioles, angiotensin II (AII), being one of the

mostpotent endogenous vasoconstrictors known, stimulates the release of aldosterone from the adrenal cortex.

Therefore, the renin-angiotensin system, by virtue of its participation in the control of renal sodium handling, plays an important role in cardiovascular homostasis.

Interruption of the renin-angiotensin system with converting enzyme inhibitors, such as captopril, has proved to be clinically useful in the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure (Abrams, W.B., et al., (1984), Federation Proc., 1314). The most direct approach towards inhibition of the renin- angiotensin system would block the action of All at the receptor. Compelling evidence suggests that All also contributes to renal vasoconstriction and sodium retention that is

characteristic of a number of disorders such as heart failure, cirrhosis and complications of pregnancy

(Hollenberg, N.K., (1984), J. Cardiovas. Pharmacol., 6, S176). In addition, recent animal studies suggest that inhibition of the renin-angiotensin system may be

beneficial in halting or slowing the progression of chronic renal failure (Anderson, S., et al., (1985), J. Clin.

Invest., 76, 612). Also, a recent patent application

(South African Patent Application Number 87/01,653) claims that All antagonists are useful as agents for reducing and controlling elevated intraocular pressure, especially glaucoma, in mammals.

The compounds of this invention inhibit, block and antagonize the action of the hormone All, and are therefore useful in regulating and moderating angiotensin induced hypertension, congestive heart failure, renal failure, glaucoma, and other disorders attributed to the actions of AII. When compounds of this invention are administered to mammals, the elevated blood pressure due to All is reduced and other manifestations based on All intercession are minimized and controlled. Compounds of this invention is also expected to exhibit diuretic activity.

Recognition of the importance of blocking and

inhibiting the actions of All has stimulated other efforts to synthesize antagonists of All. The following references have disclosed imidazole derivatives which are described as having All blocking activity and useful as hypotensive agents.

United States Patent Number 4,340,598 discloses substituted imidazol-5-yl alkanoic acids, and amido and lower-alkyl ester derivatives thereof, of the formula:

wherein R is lower alkyl or phenylC_1-2alkyl optionally substituted with halogen or nitro; R² is lower alkyl, cycloalkyl, or phenyl optionally substituted; one of R ³ and

R ⁴ is -(CH₂)_nCOR⁵, where R⁵ is amino, lower alkoxy or hydroxy and n is 0-2, and the other of R ³ and R⁴ is

hydrogen or halogen. Examples include 1-benzyl-2-n-butyl- 4-chloroimidazole-5-acetamide and 1-benzyl-2-n-butyl-5- chloroimidazole-4-acetic acid.

United States Patent number 4,355,040 discloses substituted 1-benzylimidazol-5-yl acetic acid derivatives having the formula:

wherein R¹ is lower alkyl, cycloalkyl, or phenyl optionally substituted; X ¹, X² and X³ are each hydrogen, halogen, nitro, amino, lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, benzyloxy, or hydroxy; Y is halogen and R² is hydrogen or lower alkyl. A compound specifically disclosed is 1-(2-chlorobenzyl)-2-n- butyl-4-chloro-imidazole-5-acetic acid.

European Patent Application 103,647 discloses

substituted 1-benzyl-2-phenyl-4-chloroimidazol-5-yl acetic acid derivatives of the formula:

wherein R is lower alkyl. Specifically, the disclosure includes 4-chloro-1-(4-methoxy-3-methylbenzyl)-2-phenyl-imidazole-5-acetic acid.

European Patent Application 245,637 discloses

substituted 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine derivatives of the formula:

wherein is a single or double bond; one of R is present and includes groups such as (CH₂)_1-6naphthyl,

(CH₂)_1-6heteroaryl, or (CH₂)_1-6Ph optionally substituted;

R² includes groups such as hydrogen, lower alkyl, and

(CH₂)_1-5Ph; R³ includes groups such as COC_1-15alkyl or

(CH₂)_1-6Ph optionally substituted; R⁴ includes CO₂R⁹, wherein R⁹ is hydrogen, lower alkyl or benzyl; and n is 0- 3. A compound specifically disclosed is 5-[(4-nitrophenyl)acetyl]-1-(phenylmethyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine-6-carboxylic acid.

European Patent Application 253,310 discloses

substituted 1-aralkylimidazoles having the general formula:

wherein R¹ includes groups such as phenyl optionally substituted or adamantylmethyl; R² includes groups such as hydrogen, halo, NO₂, C_1-4alkyl, or C_1-4alkoxy; R³ is hydrogen, halo, C_1-4alkyl, or C_1-4alkoxy; R⁶ includes groups such as C₂_₁₀alkyl, C_3-10alkenyl, C_3-8cycloalkyl, benzyl optionally substituted or Z(CH₂)_1-5-R⁵, wherein 2 is

O or S and R⁵ is hydrogen, C_1-6alkyl, C_3-6cycloalkyl or alkenyl; R⁷ is hydrogen, halo, NO₂, CF₃, or CN, and R⁸ includes groups such as C_1-10alkanoic acids, esters and amides and alkyl N-alkyl carbamates. Examples include 2-n- butyl-5-chloro-1-(4-nitrobenzyl)imidazole-4-acetic acid and 1-[(2'-carboxybiphenyl-4-yl)methyl]-2-n-butyl-4-chloro-5- (dimethylcarbamoyl) imidazole.

Great Britain Patent 1,341,375 describes a series of substituted imidazoles which are useful due to their activity at H-1, H-2 and/or other histamine receptors. The substituted ammoalkylimidazole compounds disclosed therein are of the formula:

wherein A ic C_1-6 alkyl, optionally substituted by alkyl or aralkyl; R is a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, aryl or aralkyl group; R₁ is hydrogen alkyl, phenyl, phenylalkyl or imidazolylalkyl; R₂₀ is hydrogen, alkyl optionally

substituted by halo, OH, CN, CO₂H, NH₂ or CONH₂; or COY wherein Y is R₁₁O or R₁₁NH and R₁₁ is a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, aryl, aralkyl or amidino group; and X is 0-3. Examples include N-(2-(4(5)-imidazolyl)-ethyl)glycine and 1-benzyl-5-(2-aminoethyl)imidazole.

Woolley, et al., Biochemistry, 48, 709 (1962) relates to 2-benzylhistidine and derivatives thereof as pilots for the synthesis of peptides designed to have specific enzyme activity. Compounds exemplified in this article include 1,2-dibenzylhistidine and N-carbobenzoxy-1,2-dibenzylhistidine. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The compounds of the present invention that are blockers of angiotensin II receptors are represented by the following Formula (I) :

in which:

R¹ is adamantyl, or phenyl, biphenyl, or naphthyl, with each aryl group being unsubstituted or substituted by one to three substituents selected from Cl, Br, F, I, C₁-C₆alkyl, nitro, CO₂R⁷, tetrazol-5-yl, C.-Cgalkoxy, hydroxy, SC₁-C₆alkyl, SO₂NR⁷R⁷, NHSO₂R⁷, SO₃H, CONR⁷R⁷, CN,

SO₂C₁-C₆alkyl, or C_nF_2n+1;

R² is C₂-C₁₀alkyl unsubstituted or substituted by

CO₂H, OH, or NR⁷R⁷, C₃-C₁₀alkenyl, C₃-C₁₀alkynyl,

C₃-C₆Cycloalkyl, or (CH₂) _0-8phenyl unsubstituted or

substituted by one to three substituents selected from C₁-C₆alkyl, nitro, Cl, Br, F, I, hydroxy, C₁-C₆alkoxy,NR⁷R⁷ , CO₂R⁷, CN, or CONR⁷R⁷;

X is a single bond, S, or O;

3

R is hydrogen, Cl, Br, F, I, CHO, hydroxymethyl, COOR⁷, CONR⁷R⁷, NO₂, or C_nF_2n+1;

each n is 1-3;

m is 0-4;

R⁴ is CO₂R⁷, CONR⁷R⁷, or tetrazol-5-yl;

Y is a single bond or a carbonyl group;

R⁵ is hydrogen, C₁-C₈alkyl, C₃-C₆cycloalkyl,

(CH₂)_0-4phenyl, or (CH₂)_0-3CH-diphenyl wherein each phenyl group independently is unsubstituted or substituted by one to tϊ ree substituents selected from C₁-C₆alkyl, nitro, Cl,

Br, F, I, hydroxy, C₁-C₆alkyl, NR⁷R⁷, CO₂R⁷,or CONR⁷R⁷;

R⁶ is hydrogen or C_1-6alkyl; and

each R independently is hydrogen, C₁-C₄alkyl, or

(CH₂)_0-4phenyl; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. As used herein, the terms alkyl, alkenyl, alkoxy, and alkynyl mean carbon chains which are branched or unbranched with the length of the chain determined by the descriptor preceding the term.

Preferred compounds of the invention are represented by Formula (I) when:

R¹ is phenyl unsubstituted or substituted by one to three substituents selected from chloro, fluoro,

trifluoromethyl, nitro, methyl, methoxy, hydroxy,

sulfonamido, cyano, carboxy, carboC₁-C₄alkoxy, carbamoyl, or tetrazol-5-yl;

X is a single bond or S;

R² is C₂-C₈alkyl;

R³ is hydrogen, chloro, fluoro, or trifluoromethyl; m is 0-2;

R⁴ is CO₂R⁷; and

each R⁷ independently is hydrogen or C₁-C₄alkyl;

or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. Particular compounds of the invention include, but are not limited to, the following:

3-[(2-chlorophenyl)methyl]-2-n-butyl-N-butyryl-histidine,

3-[(2-chlorophenyl)methyl]-2-n-butyl-N-propionyl-histidine,

3-[(2-chlorophenyl)methyl]-2-propylthiohistidine, 3-[(2-chlorophenyl)methyl]-2-n-butyl-N-diphenyl-acetylhistidine,

3-[(2-chlorophenyl)methyl]-2-propylthio-N- [cyclopentyl)carbonyl]histidine,

3-[(2-chlorophenyl)methyl]-2-propylthio-N-acetyl-histidine,

3-[(2-chlorophenyl)methyl]-2-propylthio-N-isovalerylhistidine,

3-[(2-chlorophenyl)methyl]-2-propylthio-N-benzoylhistidine, and

3-[(2-chlorophenyl)methyl]-2-propylthiohistidine; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

The invention also relates to pharmaceutical

compositions comprising a pharmaceutical carrier and an effective amount of a compound of Formula (I).

Also included in the present invention are methods for antagonizing angiotensin II receptors which comprises administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of a compound of Formula (I). Methods of treating hypertension, congestive heart failure, renal failure, and glaucoma by administering these compounds are also included in this invention.

The compounds of this invention and of the

pharmaceutical compositions and methods of this invention are prepared by procedures described herein and illustrated by the examples. Reagents, protecting groups and

functionality on the imidazole and other fragments of the molecule must be consistent with the proposed chemical transformations. Steps in the synthesis must be compatible with the functional groups and the protecting groups on the imidazole and other parts of the molecule.

The following procedures are useful for the

preparation of Formula (I) compounds particularly where R¹ is 2-chlorophenyl or 4-carboxyphenyl, m is one, R ² is n-propyl or n-butyl, X is S or a single bond, R ³ is hydrogen, chloro, fluoro, or trifluoromethyl, R⁴ is CO₂H,

R⁶ is hydrogen, Y is a carbonyl group or a single bond, and

R⁵ is hydrogen, (CH₂)_0-2phenyl, or CH-diphenyl.

Scheme I outlines the synthesis of Formula (I)

compounds in which the 2-position substituent is R²S.

Benzylamines (1), unsubstituted or substituted by one to

three Z substituents selected from halo, C_1-6alkyl,

SO₂C_1-6alkyl, C_1-6alkoxy, CN, NO₂, CO₂C₁_₄alkyl,

SC_1-6alkyl, or C_nF_2n+1, wherein n is 1-3, are alkylated

with a C_1-6alkyl chloroacetate, for example, methyl

chloroacetate, in the presence of a base, such as

triethylamine, in a suitable solvent, such as

dimethylformamide. The resulting alkylaminoalkyl ester

compounds (2) are N-formylated with formic acid in the

presence of a suitable solvent, such as xylene, to give

formula (3) compounds. Formula (4) compounds are formed

by C-formylation of the carbon alpha to both the amino and

the ester groups of the formula (3) compounds in a

reaction with an alkyl formate, such as methyl formate, in

' *^• the presence of an alkali metal halide, such as sodium

hydride, in a suitable solvent, such as tetrahydrofuran.

Reaction of this intermediate with acidic thiocyanate,

preferably potassium thiocyanate, in an inert organic

solvent, such as C, .alkanol, produces formula (5) 1- R¹CH₂-2-mercapto-5-alkanoate ester imidazoles. The free

thio group of formula (5) compounds is reacted with a

halo-R ⁸ compound, wherein R⁸ is C_2-10alkyl, C_3-10alkenyl,

C_3-6Cycloalkyl, or an optionally substituted

(CH₂)₀_₈phenyl, preferably propyl bromide, in the presence

of a suitable base, such as sodium carbonate, in an

appropriate solvent, such as ethyl acetate, to give

1-R ¹CH₂-2-R²S-5-alkanoate ester imidazoles (6). The

hydroxymethyl imidazoles of formula (7) are prepared from

formula (6) compounds by reduction with an appropriate

reagent, such as diisobutyl aluminum hydride, in a

suitable solvent, such as tetrahydrofuran, at a

temperature of about -78ºC to about 25ºC, preferably at

about -10ºC. The formula (8) chloromethyl compounds are

prepared by reacting formula (7) hydroxymethyl compounds

with a halogenating agent, such as refluxing thionyl

chloride. Reaction of formula (8) compounds with a diC_1-2alkyl R⁵-amidomalonate, wherein R⁵ is as defined for

Formula (I) compounds, which had been pre-treated with a deprotonating agent, for example, sodium hydride, yielded formula (9) compounds. Optionally, formula (9) compounds, wherein R⁶ is H, are alkylated with a C_1-6alkyl halide, such as methyl iodide, to give the formula (9) compounds, wherein R⁶ is C_1-6alkyl. Formula (10) compounds which are

Formula (I) compounds, are prepared from formula (9) ester compounds using aqueous base, such as aqueous sodium carbonate solution, in a suitable organic solvent, such as methanol or ethanol.

Scheme II depicts an alternate route to Formula (I) compounds. According to Scheme II, chloromethyl

imidazoles of formula (8) are converted to formula (11) compounds in a reaction with a N-diphenylmethylene glycine C_1-4alkyl ester in the presence of a base, such as lithium diisopropylamide, in a suitable solvent, such as

tetrahydrofuran, at a temperature of about -78ºC to about 25ºC, preferably at about -10ºC. The amine alkyl ester compounds of formula (12) are prepared from formula (11) compounds by hydrolysis with 'a suitable aqueous acid such as aqueous hydrochloric acid.

Formula (12) compounds, which are Formula (I)

compounds, are also useful intermediates in the preparation of other Formula (I) compounds. According to Scheme II, formula (14) amide compounds are prepared by reacting formula (12) amine compounds with an acylating agent R 5CO- halo in the presence of a base, such as triethylamine.

Alternately, formulae (12) amines are monoalkylated by reacting said amines with an appropriately substituted aldehyde, such as benzaldehyde, in the presence of sodium cyanoborohydride. Optionally, formulae (14) and (16) compounds, wherein R⁶ is H, are alkylated with a C_1-6alkyl, such as methyl iodide, to give the formulae (14) and (16) compounds, wherein R⁶ is C_1-6alkyl. The ester compounds of formulae (12), (14), and (16) are hydrolyzed to formulae (13), (15), and (17) compounds, for example, using base, such as potassium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, or sodium hydroxide, in a suitable solvent system, such as aqueous methanol or ethanol. Scheme II, formulae (12), (13), (14), (15), (16), and (17) are Formula (I) compounds.

Formula (I) compounds are also prepared by the procedures of Scheme III. The starting 2-R²X-imidazoles of formula (18) are known to the art (J. Org. Chem. 45:4038, 1980) or are synthesized by known procedures. For example, imidazole is converted to 2-n-butylimidazole by reacting imidazole with triethylorthoformate and p-toluenesulfonic acid to give 1-diethoxyorthoamide imidazole and then treating with n-butyl lithium to give the 2-lithium

derivative of the orthoamide and alkylating with n-butyl iodide in a suitable solvent, such as tetrahydrofuran.

The 1-R ¹(CH₂)_m-group is incorporated onto the 2-R²X- imidazole of formula (18) by known procedures, for example, by reaction with an R¹-(CH₂)_m halide, mesylate or acetate, such as 2-chlorobenzyl bromide, in a suitable solvent, such as dimethylformamide, in the presence of a suitable acid acceptor, such as sodium alkylate, potassium or sodium carbonate, or a metal hydride, preferably sodium hydride, at a reaction temperature of about 25ºC to about 100ºC, preferably at about 50ºC. The resulting formula (19) imidazole is hydroxymethylated in the 5-position, for example, by reacting with formaldehyde in the presence of sodium acetate in acetic acid to provide the 1-R¹(CH₂) -2- R²X-5-hydroxymethylimidazole intermediates of formula (20).

Chloromethyl formula (21) compounds are prepared from formula (20) these hydroxymethyl imidazoles in a reaction with a halogenating agent, for example, refluxing thionyl chloride. Formula (I) compounds are prepared from the chloromethyl imidazoles by the methods described in

Scheme II.

Alternatively, the 1-R¹(CH₂)_m-2-R²X-5-hydroxy- methylimidazole intermediates of formula (20) are prepared by reacting an imido ether, R²X-C (=NH) -O-alkyl, such as valeramidine methyl ether, or an amidine, such as

valeramidine, with dihydroxyacetone in liquid ammonia under pressure to give 2-R ²X-5-hydroxymethylιmιdazole. This intermediate is reacted with acetic anhydride to give 1- acetyl-5-acetoxymethyl-2-R ²X-imidazole. The diacetate intermediate is N-alkylated, for example, using 2- chlorobenzyl triflate and the resulting 1-R¹(CH₂)_m-2-R²X-5- acetoxymethylimidazole is treated with aqueous base, such as 10% sodium hydroxide solution, to give the 1-R¹(CH₂)_m-2-

R²X-5-hydroxymethylimidazole intermediate of formula (20).

Formula (I) compounds are prepared from the

hydroxymethylimidazoles by the procedures detailed above.

Formula (I) compounds wherein the alkylene bridge at the 5 position of the imidazole ring is defined as n equal to 2 or 3 are prepared from the corresponding alkanoic esters, which are disclosed in U.S. Patent Number

4,340,598, employing the methods hereinbefore described.

Compounds of Formula (I) in which the R substituent is substituted by hydroxy are formed from Formula (I) compounds in which the R¹ group is substituted by

C₁-C₄alkoxy using an ether-cleaving reagent, such as boron tribromide or hydrobromic acid.

Compounds of Formula (I) in which the R¹ substituent is substituted by carboxy are formed from Formula (I) compounds in which the R¹ group is substituted by

CO₂C₁-C₄alkyl using basic hydrolysis, such as aqueous sodium or potassium hydroxide in methanol or ethanol, or using acidic hydrolysis, such as aqueous hydrochloric acid. Compounds of Formula (I) m which the R¹ substituent is substituted by a tetrazol-5-yl group are prepared by the methods described in U.S. Patent Number 4,820,843.

Pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts of compounds of Formula (I) are formed with appropriate organic or inorganic acids by methods known in the art. For example, the base is reacted with a suitable inorganic or organic acid in an aqueous miscible solvent such as ethanol with isolation of the salt by removing the solvent or in an aqueous immiscible solvent when the acid is soluble therein, such as ethyl ether or chloroform, with the desired salt separating directly or isolated by

removing the solvent. Representative examples of suitable acids are maleic, fumaric, benzoic, ascorbic, pamoic, succinic, bismethylenesalicylic, methanesulfonic,

ethanedisulfonic, acetic, propionic, tartaric, salicylic, citric, gluconic, aspartic, stearic, palmitic, itaconic, glycolic, p-aminobenzoic, glutamic, benzenesulfonic, hydrochloric, hydrobromic, sulfuric, cyclohexylsulfamic, phosphoric and nitric acids.

Pharmaceutically acceptable base addition salts of compounds of Formula (I) which have an acidic group are prepared by known methods from organic and inorganic bases, including nontoxic alkali metal and alkaline earth bases, for example, calcium, lithium, sodium, and potassium hydroxide; ammonium hydroxide, and nontoxic organic bases, such as triethylamine, butylamine, piperazine, meglumine, choline, diethanolamine, and tromethamine.

Angiotensin II antagonist activity of the compounds of Formula (I) is assessed by in vitro and in vivo methods.

In vitro antagonist activity is determined by the ability of the compounds to compete with ¹²⁵I-angiotensm II for binding to vascular angiotensin II receptors and by their ability to antagonize the contractile response to

angiotensin II in the isolated rabbit aorta, in vivo activity is evaluated by the efficacy of the compounds to inhibit the pressor response to exogenous angiotensin II in conscious rats and to lower blood pressure in a rat model of renin dependent hypertension.

Binding

The radioligand binding assay is a modification of a method previously described in detail (Gunther et al., Circ. Res. 47:278, 1980). A particular fraction from rat mesenteric arteries is incubated in Tris buffer with 80 pM of ¹²⁵I-angiotensm II wi.th or without angi.otensin II antagonists for 1 hour at 25ºC. The incubation is

terminated by rapid filtration and receptor bound 125I- angiotensin II trapped on the filter is quantitated with a gamma counter. The potency of angiotensin II antagonists is expressed as the IC₅₀ which is the concentration of antagonist needed to displace 50% of the total specifically bound angiotensin II. Exemplary of the IC₅₀ of compounds of the invention is about 1.0 to about 70 μm. Aorta

The ability of the compounds to antagonize angiotensin II induced vasoconstriction is examined in the rabbit aorta. Ring segments are cut from the rabbit thoracic aorta and suspended in organ baths containing physiological salt solution. The ring segments are mounted over metal supports and attached to force displacement transducers which are connected to a recorder. Cumulative

concentration response curves to angiotensin II are

performed in the absence of antagonist or following a 30-minute incubation with antagonist. Antagonist

disassociation constants (K_B) of compounds of the invention is about 0.05 to about 50 μM.

Inhibition of pressor response to angiotensin II in

conscious rats

Rats are prepared with indwelling femoral arterial and venous catheters and a stomach tube (Gellai et al., Kidney Int. 15:419, 1979). Two to three days following surgery the rats are placed in a restrainer and blood pressure is continuously monitored from the arterial catheter with a pressure transducer and recorded on a polygraph. The change in mean arterial pressure in response to intravenous injections of 250 mg/kg angiotensin II is compared at various time points prior to and following the

administration of the compounds intravenously or orally at doses of 3 to 300 mg/kg. The dose of compound needed to produce 50% inhibition of the control response to

angiotensin II (IC₅₀) is used to estimate the potency of the compounds. The IC₅₀ of 3- [(2-chlorophenyl)methyl]-2-n-butyl-N-butyrylhistidine is 10 mg/kg i.v.

Antihypertensive activity

The antihypertensive activity of the compounds is measured by their ability to reduce mean arterial pressure in conscious rats made renin-dependent hypertensive by ligation of the left renal artery (Cangiano et al., J.

Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 208:310, 1979). Renal artery ligated rats are prepared with indwelling catheters as described above. Seven to eight days following renal artery

ligation, the time at which plasma renin levels are

highest, the conscious rats are placed in restrainers and mean arterial pressure is continuously recorded prior to and following the administration of the compounds

intravenously or orally.

The intraocular pressure lowering effects employed in this invention may be measured by the procedure described by Watkins, et al., J. Ocular Pharmacol., 1 (2):161-168 (1985).

The compounds of Formula (I) are incorporated into convenient dosage forms, such as injectable preparations, or for orally active compounds, capsules or tablets. Solid or liquid pharmaceutical carriers are employed. Solid carriers include starch, lactose, calcium sulfate

dihydrate, terra alba, sucrose, talc, gelatin, agar, pectin, acacia, magnesium stearate, and stearic acid.

Liquid carriers include syrup, peanut oil, olive oil, saline, and water. Similarly, the carrier or diluent may include any prolonged release material, such as glyceryl monostearate or glyceryl distearate, alone or with a wax. The amount of solid carrier varies but, preferably, will be from about 25 mg to about 1 g per dosage unit. When a liquid carrier is used, the preparation will be in the form of a syrup, elixir, emulsion, soft gelatin capsule, sterile injectable liquid, such as an ampoule, or an aqueous or nonaqueous liquid suspension.

For topical ophthalmolgic administration, the

pharmaceutical compositions adapted include solutions, suspensions, ointments, and solid inserts. Typical

pharmaceutically acceptable carriers are, for example, water, mixtures of water and water-miscible solvents such as lower alkanols or vegatable oils, and water soluble ophthalmologically acceptable non-toxic polymers, for example, cellulose derivatives such as methyl cellulose. The pharmaceutical preparation may also contain non-toxic auxiliary substances such as emulsifying, preserving, wetting, and bodying agents, as for example, polyethylene glycols; antibacterial components, such as quarternary ammonium compounds; buffering ingredients, such as alkali metal chloride; antioxidants, such as sodium metabisulfite; and other conventional ingredients, such as sorbitan monolaurate.

Additionally, suitable ophthalmic vehicles may be used as carrier media for the present purpose including

conventional phosphate buffer vehicle systems.

The pharmaceutical preparation may also be in the form of a solid insert. For example, one may use a solid water soluble polymer as the carrier for the medicament. Solid water insoluble inserts, such as those prepared from ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, may also be utilized.

?.'he pharmaceutical preparations are made following conventional techniques of a pharmaceutical chemist

involving mixing, granulating, and compressing, when

necessary, for tablet forms, or mixing, filling and

dissolving the ingredients, as appropriate, to give the desired oral, parenteral, or topical products.

Doses of the compounds of Formula (I) in a pharmaceutical dosage unit as described above will be an efficacious, nontoxic quantity selected from the range of .01-200 mg/kg of active compound, preferably 1-100 mg/kg. The selected dose is administered to a human patient in need of angiotensin II receptor antagonism from 1-6 times daily, orally, rectally, topically, by injection, or continuously by infusion. Oral dosage units for human administration preferably contain from 1 to 500 mg of active compound. Lower dosages are used generally for parenteral administration. Oral administration, is used when safe, effective and convenient for the patient.

Topical formulations contain the active compound in an amount selected from 0.0001 to 0.1 (w/v%) , preferably from 0.0001 to 0.01. As a topical dosage unit form, an amount of active compound from between 50 ng to 0.05 mg,

preferably 50 ng to 5 mg, is applied to the human eye.

The method of this invention of antagonizing

angiotensin II receptors in mammals, including humans, comprises administering to a subject in need of such antagonism an effective amount of a compound of Formula (I). The method of this invention of producing

antihypertensive activity and the method of treating congestive heart failure, glaucoma, and renal failure comprise administering a compound of Formula (I) to a subject in need thereof an effective amount to produce said activity.

The following examples illustrate preparation of compounds and pharmaceutical compositions of this

invention. The examples are not intended to limit the scope of this invention as defined hereinabove and as claimed below.

Example 1

3-[(2-Chlorophenyl)methyl]-2-propylthio- N-acetylhistidine

(i) 5-carboxymethyl-1- (2-chlorophenyl) methyl-2-thio- 1H-imidazole A solution of 2-chlorobenzylamine (14.2 g, 0.1 mol) and triethylamine (13.9 mL, 0.1 mol) in dimethylformamide (100 mL) was treated with methyl chloroacetate (10.9 g, 0.1 mol). The mixture was heated at 50ºC for 3.5 hours. The cooled reaction mixture was diluted with diethyl ether, the solids filtered and the concentrated filtrate was flash chromatographed over silica gel with 6:4 hexane in ethyl acetate to provide 15.3 g (71%) of homogenous methyl 2-[N- (2-chlorophenyl)methyl]aminoacetate. This product (15.2 g, 0.071 mol) in xylene (100 mL) was treated with 98% formic acid (2.74 mL, 0.0711 mol) and the mixture was refluxed for 2.5 hours with a Dean-Stark water separator. Evaporation gave 17.1 g (99%) of methyl 2-[N-(2-chlorophenyl)methyl-N- formyl] aminoacetate. This formylated product (17.0 g,

0.071 mol) was dissolved in methyl formate (13.3 mL, 0.216 mol) and added dropwise to a sodium methoxide mixture prepared by adding sodium metal (1.79 g, 0.0778 g-atom) to tetrahydrofuran (325 mL) followed by slow addition of methanol (3.15 mL, 0.0778 mol). The combined mixture was stirred at room temperature for 18 hours, then evaporated to dryness. This crude product was dissolved in 50% aqueous methanol (200 mL), treated with charcoal, filtered and the solution was cooled in ice. Concentrated

hydrochloric acid (14.3 mL of 12 N, 0.171 mol) was added slowly to this solution followed by a solution of potassium thiocyanate (8.6 g, 0.0885 mol) in water (20mL) . The mixture was heated in an oil bath held at 90ºC for 2.5 hours, then cooled to -10ºC. The precipitated solid was filtered, washed with cold ethanol-water and dried at 60ºC to provide 14.7 g (74%) of 5-carboxymethyl-1-1-(2- chlorophenyl)methyl-2-thio-1H-imidazole; m.p. 72-74ºC.

(ii) 1-(2-chlorophenyl)methyl-5-hydroxymethyl-2- propylthio-1H-imidazole

A mixture of 5-carboxymethyl-1-(2-chlorophenyl)-methyl-2-thio-1H-imidazole (2 g, 7.08 mmol), ethyl acetate (20 mL), 5% sodium carbonate solution (40 mL) and

propylbromide (4 mL, 44 mmol) was heated at 60ºC for 18 hours. The organic layer was separated, dried over

magnesium sulfate and concentrated to 2.23 g of crude product. Trituration with diethyl ether provided 1.63 g (71%) of 5-carboxymethyl-1-(2-chlorophenyl)methyl-2-thiopropyl-1H-imidazole; m.p. 68-71ºC (from hexane).

The ester was hydrolyzed with aqueous sodium hydroxide solution to give 1-(2-chlorophenyl)methyl-2-thio-propyl-1H-imidazole-5-carboxylic acid; m.p. 158-159.5ºC (from

ethanol).

A solution of 5-carboxymethyl-1-1-(2-chloro-phenyl)-methyl-2-propylthio-1H-imidazole (3.74 g, 11.5 mmol) in dry tetrahydrofuran (50 mL) was cooled to -78ºC under argon, and a solution of diisobutyl aluminum hydride in toluene

(30 mL of 1 M) was added dropwise. The mixture was stirred at -78°C for 1.5 hours, then allowed to slowly warm to room temperature. The reaction was quenched by pouring onto iced dilute acetic acid, the product was extracted into methylene chloride and the organic extracts were washed with water, 5% sodium carbonate solution and brine. The dried, concentrated product was a light tan solid (3.32 g) . Crystallization from ethanol/water gave 1-(2-chlorophenyl)-methyl-5-hydroxymethyl-2-propylthio-1H-imidazole; m.p. 98-101ºC.

(iii) 3-(2-chlorobenzenemethyl)-2-propylthio-N- acetylhistidine A mixture of 1-(2-chlorophenyl)methyl-5-hydroxymethyl-2-propylthio-1H-imidazole (0.117 g, 0.393 mmol) in thionyl chloride (1 mL) was refluxed for 2 hours, evaporated in vacuo to an amorphous scJid and triturated with ether to provide 1-(2-chlorophenyl)methyl-5-chloro-methyl-2-thiopropyl-1H-imidazole hydrochloride (0.13 g, 94%).

Crude 1-(2-chlorophenyl)methyl-5-chloromethyl-2-propylthio-1H-imidazole hydrochloride (0.3 g, 0.853 mmole) in dimethyl formamide (2 mL) was added to sodium diethyl acetamidomalonate (prepared by introducing sodium hydride (2.84 mmol) to a solution of diethyl acetamidomalonate (0.415 g, 1.91 mmol) in dimethyl formamide (3mL) ). The mixture was stirred under argon at 25ºC for 18 hours, poured into water and the product was extracted into methylene chloride. The water-washed organic extracts were dried and concentrated in vacuo to a light orange product. This crude product was purified over silica gel with 1:1 hexane/ethyl acetate to afford 0.27 g of the malonate addition product. This product was hydrolyzed in 50% aqueous ethanol (20 mL) and sodium carbonate (0.85 g) in water (20 mL) on the steam bath for 3 hours. The reaction mixture was poured into water and extracted with methylene chloride. The washed, dried, concentrated product (0.23 g) was purified by prep TLC on silica gel with a system of 15% methanol in chloroform containing 0.5% of formic acid to provide 0.13 g of 3-[(2-chlorophenyl)methyl]-2-propylthio-N-acetylhistidine as an amorphous solid; m.p. 182-184ºC. Example 2

3-[(2-Chlorophenyl)methyl]-2-propylthio-N-butyrylhistidine

(i) 3-[(2-chlorophenyl)methyl]-2-propylthio-histidine ethyl ester

A solution of diisopropylamine (8.4 mL) in

tetrahydrofuran (100 mL) was cooled to -78ºC under argon and a solution of n-butyl lithium (30 mL of 2.5 M in hexane) was added. The mixture was stirred at -78ºC for 30 minutes and at 0ºC for 10 minutes. After being recooled to -78°C, a solution of N-(diphenylmethylene)-glycine ethyl ester (Tetra. Lett., (1978), 2541, 4625) (15.4 g) in tetrahydrofuran (50 mL) was added, the mixture was stirred for 1 hour at -78ºC and a solution of 1-(2-chloro-phenyl)methyl-5-chloromethyl-2-propylthio-1H-imidazole hydrochloride (Example 1 (iii) ) (9.4 g) in dry

dimethylformamide (20 mL) was added. The mixture was then stirred at ambient temperature for 18 hours, poured into saturated ammonium chloride solution and the aqueous layer was extracted with methylene chloride. The organic

extracts were washed with water, dried with magnesium sulfate concentrated and chromatographed over silica gel with 1% methanol in methylene chloride to afford 6.88 g of 3-[(2-chlorophenyl)methyl]-2-propylthio-N-(diphenylmethyl-ene)histidine ethyl ester. This product (2.59 g) was dissolved in methylene chloride (52 mL), aqueous 1N

hydrochloric acid solution (52 mL) was added and the mixture was stirred at 25ºC for 18 hours. The aqueous layer was separated, neutralized to pH 10.5 with sodium carbonate and the product was extracted into methylene chloride. The organic extract was dried with magnesium sulfate and concentrated to give 1.29 g (71%) of 3-[(2-chlorophenyl)-methyl]-2-propylthiohistidine ethyl ester as an oil.

(ii) 3-[(2-chlorophenyl)methyl]-2-propylthio-N- butyrylhistidine ethyl ester

A solution of 3-(2-chlorophenyl)methyl-2-propylthiohistidine ethyl ester (0.4 g, 1.05 mmol) in methylene chloride (20 mL) was treated wtih triethylamine (0.17 mL) and butyryl chloride (0.12 mL). The mixture was stirred at 25ºC for 18 hours. The reaction was partitioned between ethyl acetate and water, and the organic layer was washed with water, dried, concentrated and chromatographed over silica gel with 1 to 3% of methanol in methylene chloride to give 0.367 g (77%) of 3-[(2-chlorophenyl)-methyl]-2-ρropylthio-N-butyrylhistidine ethyl ester as an oil.

(iii) 3- (2-chlorobenzenemethyl)-2-propylthio-N- butyrylhistidine

A mixture of 3-[(2-chlorophenyl)methyl-2-propylthio-N-butyrylhistidine ethyl ester (0.37 g, 0.819 mmole), ethanol (4 mL), water (4 mL) and potassium hydroxide pellets (0.098 g, 1.75 mmole) was stirred at 25ºC for 1 hour. The

reaction was then diluted with water and the pH was

adjusted to 4 with 1N aqueous hydrochloric acid solution. The product was extracted into methylene chloride, washed with water, dried and concentrated to an orange solid. Two crystallizations from chloroform provided 0.22 g of 3-[(2- chlorophenyl)methyl]-2-propylthio-N-butyrylhistidine; m.p. 178º-181ºC.

Example 3

3-[(2-Chlorophenyl)methyl]-2-propylthio-N- isovalerylhistidine

The procedure of Example 2 (ii-iii) was followed using isovaleryl chloride in place of butyryl chloride to give 3- [(2-chlorophenyl)methyl]-2-propylthiohistidine. The title compound is a white solid obtained in 58% overall yield; m.p. 151º-154ºC.

Example 4

3-[(2-Chlorophenyl)methyl]-2-propylthio-N-benzoylhistidine

The procedure of Example 2 (ii-iii) was followed using benzoyl chloride in place of butyryl chloride. The title compound is a white solid; m.p. 210º-212ºC (from methanol) . Example 5

3-[(2-Chlorophenyl)methyl]-2-propylthio-N- [(cyclopentyl)carbonyl]histidine The procedure of Example 2 (ii-iii) was followed using cyclopentanecarbonyl chloride in place of butyryl chloride. The title compound is white solid; m.p. 173º-175ºC (from ethanol) . Example 6

3-[(2-Chlorophenyl)methyl]-2-propylthio-N-hexanoylhistidine

The procedure of Example 2 (ii-iii) was followed using hexanoyl chloride in place of butyryl chloride. The title compound is a white solid; m.p. 118º-121ºC (from ethyl acetate).

Example 7 3-[(2-Chlorophenyl)methyl]-2-propylthiohistidine A solution of 3-[(2-chlorophenyl)methyl]-2-propylthiohistidine ethyl ester (Example 2 (i)) (0.48 g, 1.26 mmol), ethanol (4 mL) , water (4 mL) and potassium hydroxide (0.111 g, 1.97 mmol) was stirred at 25ºC for 1 hour. The mixture was treated with concentrated

hydrochloric acid to pH 4.0 and cooled. The resulting precipitate was collected and triturated with ethanol to give 0.34 g (77%) of 3-[(2-chlorophenyl)methyl]-2-propylthiohistidine; m.p. 227º-228ºC. Example 8

3-[(2-Chlorophenyl)methyl]-2-N-butyl-N-bulyrylhistidine

(i) 2-n-butyl-1-(2-chlorophenyl)methyl-1H-imidazole

Imidazole was converted to the 1-diethoxyortho-amide derivative by the method of Curtis and Brown, J. Org.

Chem., (1980), 45, 20. Imidazole (12.8 g, 0.19 mol) and 118.4 g (0.8 mol) of triethylorthoformate were reacted in the presence of 1 g of p-toluenesulfonic acid to give 20.6 g (61%), bp 65-70ºC (0.1 mm) of 1-diethoxyorthoamide imidazole. This product (20.0 g, 0.14 mol) was dissolved in dry tetrahydrofuran (250 mL) , cooled to -40ºC and n- butyl lithium (0.14 mol, 56.4 mL of 2.5 M in hexane) was added at --40ºC to -35ºC. After 15 minutes n-butyl iodide (31.1 g, 0.169 mol) was added at -40ºC, and the reaction was stirred overnight at ambient temperature. The reaction was partitioned between ether and 0.3 N hydrochloric acid, and the organic layer was repeatedly extracted with dilute hydrochloric acid. The combined aqueous extracts were neutralized with sodium bicarbonate solution, extracted with methylene chloride, dried over magnesium sulfate and concentrated. A flash distillation on a Kugelrohr

apparatus provided 14.8 g (85%) of 2-n-butylimidazole.

2-n-Butylimidazole (9.7 g, 0.078 mol) was dissolved in methanol (50 mL) and added dropwise to a solution of sodium methoxide (from sodium hydride (2.31 g, 0.0934 mol) in methanol (250 mL) ). After one hour the solution was evaporated to dryness, and the sodium salt was taken up in dry dimethylformamide (150 mL) and 2-chlorobenzyl bromide (16.3 g, 0.079 mol) was added. The mixture was heated at 50ºC for 17 hours under argon, poured onto ice water and the product was extracted into ethyl acetate. The extract was washed, dried, and concentrated to give 18.5 g of crude product which was chromatographed over silica gel with 2 : 1 ethyl acetate/hexane to provide 11.9 g (61%) of 2-n-butyl-1-(2-chloro-phenyl)methyl-1H-imidazole as an oil. Thin layer chromatography on silica gel with 4 : 1 ethyl

acetate/hexane gave an R_f value of 0.59.

(ii) 2-n-butyl-1-(2-chlorophenyl)-methyl-5- hydroxymethyl-1H-imidazole

Method 1

A mixture of 2-n-butyl-1-(2-chlorophenyl)methyl-1H-imidazole (95.5 g, 0.384 mol), 37% formaldehyde (500 mL), sodium acetate (80 g) and acetic acid (60 mL) was heated to reflux for 40 hours under argon. The reaction was

concentrated in vacuo, and the residue was stirred with 500 mL of 20% sodium hydroxide solution for 4 hours, diluted with water and extracted with methylene chloride. The extract was washed, dried, and concentrated. The crude product (117 g) was flash chromatographed over 600 g of silica gel with a gradient of ethyl acetate to 10% of methanol in ethyl acetate to give 8.3 g of starting

material, 24.5 q of a mixture of starting material and product, and 44 g (41%) of 2-n-butyl-1-(2-chlorophenyl)-methyl-5-hydroxymethyl-1H-imidazole; mp 86-88ºC (from ethyl acetate). Further elution provided the bis (4,5-hydroxymethyl) derivative; mp 138-140ºC (from ethyl

acetate).

Method 2

A mixture of valeramidine methyl ether hydrochloride (250 g, 1.66 mol) and dihydroxyacetone (150 g, 0.83 mol) dissolved in liquid ammonia was allowed to stand overnight at room temperature in a pressure vessel, and then heated at 65ºC for 4 hours at 375 psi. The ammonia was allowed to evaporate, and the residue was dissolved in methanol (3L). The resulting slurry was refluxed with added acetonitrile (1L). The solution was decanted from the solid ammonium chloride while hot. This procedure was repeated, and the combined acetonitrile extracts were treated with charcoal, filtered hot and the filtrate was concentrated in vacuum to give the dark oil, 2-n-butyl-5-hydroxymethylimidazole (253 g, 1.63 mol, 98%).

This crude alcohol (253 g) was treated with acetic anhydride (400 mL) at -15ºC and then was allowed to warm to ambient temperature with stirring, and then stirred an additional 19 hours. The acetic anhydride was evaporated at reduced pressure, the residue taken up in methylene chloride, and the organic phase was washed with 5% sodium bicarbonate solution and water. The extract was dried over sodium ^ulfate and concentrated to give 323 g (83%) of 1-acetyl-4-acetoxymethyl-2-n-butylimidazole.

This diacetate was N-alkylated by the following procedure. To a solution of triflic anhydride (120 mL, 0.71 mol) in methylene chloride (200 mL) at -78ºC under argon was added a solution of diisopropyl ethylamine (128 mL, 0.73 mol) and 2-chlorobenzyl alcohol (104 g, 0.72 mol) in methylene chloride (350 mL) over a period of 20 minutes. After being stirred an additional 20 minutes at -78ºC, this solution was then treated with 1-acetyl-4-acetoxymethyl-2- n-butylimidazole (146 g, 0.61 mol) dissolved in methylene chloride (300 mL) over a 20-minute interval. The mixture was then stirred at ambient temperature for 18 hours and the solvents were evaporated. The residual 2-n-butyl-5- acetoxymethyl-1-(2-chlorophenyl)methyl-1H-imidazole was used without purification for the hydrolysis of the acetate group.

A solution of crude 2-n-butyl-5-acetoxymethyl-1-(2- chlorophenyl)methyl-1H-imidazole (250 g) in methanol (200 mL) was treated with 10% sodium hydroxide solution (700 mL) and the mixture was heated on a steam bath for 4 hours.

After cooling, methylene chloride was added, the organic phase was separated, washed with water, dried and

concentrated. The residue was dissolved in ether, cooled, and seeded to give the crude product. Recrystallization from ethyl acetate gave 176 g of 2-n-butyl-1-(2-chloro-phenyl)methyl-5-hydroxymethyl-1H-imidazole; mp 86-88ºC.

This material was identical in all respects to the product prepared by Method 1. (iii) 3-[(2-chlorophenyl)methyl]-2-n-butyl- histidine ethyl ester

A mixture of 2-n-butyl-1-(2-chlorophenyl)methyl-5-hydroxymethyl-1H-imidazole (1 g) was refluxed with thionyl chloride (20 mL) for 2 hours. The reaction mixture was evaporated in vacuo and the residue was triturated with diethyl ether to give 1.08 g of 2-n-butyl-1-(2-chlorophenyl) methyl-5-chloromethyl-1H-imidazole

hydrochloride.

(iv) 3- [ (2-chlorophenyl) methyl] -2-n-butyl-N- butyrylhistidine The procedure of Example 2 (ii-iii) was followed using 2-n-butyl-3-(2-chlorophenyl)methylhistidine ethyl ester in place of 3-[(2-chlorophenyl)methyl]-2-propylthio-histidine. The title compound is a white solid obtained in 74% overall yield; m.p. 199-201ºC (from ethyl acetate).

Example 9 3-[(2-Chlorophemyl)methyl]-2-n-butyl-N-propionylhistidine

The procedure of Example 8 was followed using

propionyl chloride in place of butyryl chloride to give 2-n-butyl-3-(2-chlorophenyl)methylhistidine ethyl ester. The title compound is a white solid; m.p. 203-205ºC (from ethyl acetate/hexane).

Example 10

3-[( 2-Chlorophenyl)methyl]-2-n-butyl-N- diphenylacetylhistidine

The procedure of Example 8 was followed using

diphenylacetyl chloride in place of butyryl chloride to give 2-n-butyl-3-(2-chlorophenyl)methylhistidine. The title compound is a white powder; m.p. 222-225ºC (from methanol).

Exaτnp!e 11 3-[(2-Chlorophenyl)methyl]-2-n-butyl-N-3- phenylpropionylhistidine

The procedure of Example 8 was followed using 3-phenylpropionyl chloride in place of butyryl chloride to give 2-n-butyl-3-(2-chlorophenyl)methylhistidine. After trituration with cyclohexane, the title compound (as the hydrochloride salt) is a white solid; m.p. 194-196ºC. Example 12

3-[(2-Chlorophenyl)methyl]-2-n-butyl-N- (phenylacetyl)histidine

The title compound is prepared according to Example 8 using phenylacetyl chloride in place of butyl chloride.

Example 13

3-[(2-Chlorophenyl)methyl]-2-n-butyl-N-benzy]histidine

The title compound is prepared by reductive alkylation of 2-n-butyl-3-(2-chlorophenyl)methylhistidine ethyl ester with benzaldehyde in the presence of sodium

cyanoborohydride to give 3-[(2-chlorophenyl)methyl]-2-n- butyl-N-benzylhistidine ethyl ester. Hydrolysis of the ester group is accomplished according to Example 2 (iii) to provide the title compound.

Example 14

3-[(2-Chlorophenynmethyl]-2-n-bntyl-N-benzyl-N- methylhistidine

3-[(2-chlorophenyl)methyl]-2-n-butyl-N-benzyl-histidine (prepared in Example 13) is reacted with methyl iodide to give the title compound. Example 15

The following compounds are prepared by the procedures hereinbefore described:

3-[(4-carboxyphenyl)methyl]-2-n-butyl-N-butyrylhistidine,

3-[(4-carboxy-2-chlorophenyl)methyl]-2-n-butyl-N-butyrylhistidine,

3-[(4-carboxy-3-chlorophenyl)methyl]-2-n-butyl-N- butyrylhistidine,

3-[(4-carboxy-2,3-dichlorophenyl)methyl]-2-n-butyl-N-butyrylhistidine,

3-[(4-carboxyphenyl)methyl]-2-(1-butenyl)-N-butyrylhistidine,

3-[(4-carboxyphenyl-3-trifluoromethylphenyl)methyl]-2-n-butyl)-N-butyrylhistidine,

3-[(4-carboxyphenyl)methyl]-2-n-propy1-N-butyryl-histidine,

3-[(4-carboxyphenyl)methyl]-2-n-hexyl-N-butyryl-histidine,

3-[(4-carboxy-2-nitrophenyl)methyl]-2-n-butyl-N-butyrylhistidine,

3-[(4-nitrophenyl)methyl]-2-n-butyl-N-butyrylhistidine, and

3- [(4-[1H-tetrazol-5-yl]phenyl)methyl]-2-n-butyl-N-butyrylhistidine.

Example 16 An oral dosage form for administering orally active Formula (I) compounds is produced by screening, mixing and filling into hard gelatin capsules the ingredients in proportions, for example, as shown below.

Ingredients Amounts

3-[(2-chlorophenyl)methyl]-2-n- 100 mg

butyl-N-butyrylhistidine

magnesium stearate 10 mg

lactose 100 mg

Example 17

The sucrose calcium sulfate dihydrate and orally active Formula (I) compounds are mixed and granulated with a 10% gelatin solution. The wet granules are screened, dried, mixed with the starch, talc and stearic acid, screened and compressed into a tablet. Ingredients Amounts

3-[(2-chlorophenyl)methyl]-2-n- 75 mg

butyl-N-propionylhistidine

calcium sulfate dihydrate 100 mg

sucrose 15 mg

starch 8 mg

talc 4 mg

stearic acid 2 mg

Example 18

3-[(2-chlorophenyl)methyl]-2-n-butyl-N-butyryl- histidine, 50 mg, is dispersed in 25 ml of normal saline to prepare an injectable preparation.

Example 19

A topical opthamological solution for administering Formula (I) compounds is produced by mixing under sterile conditions the ingredients in proportions, for example, as shown below.

Ingredients Amounts

3-[(2-chlorophenyl)methyl]-2- 1.0 mg

propylthio-N-butyrylhistidine

dibasic sodium phosphate 10.4 mg

monobasic sodium phosphate 2.4 mg

chlorobutanol 5.0 mg

hydroxypropanol methylcellulose 5.0 mg

sterile water q.s.ad 1.0 mL

1.0 N sodium hydroxide q.s.ad pH 7.4

It is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the embodiments illustrated hereabove and the right to the illustrated embodiments and all modifications coming within the scope of the following claims is

reserved.

Claims

What is claimed is:

A compound of the formula:

in which:

R¹ is adamantyl, or phenyl, biphenyl, or naphthyl, with each aryl group being unsubstituted or substituted by one to three substituents selected from Cl, Br, F, I,

C₁-C₆alkyl, nitro, CO₂R⁷, tetrazol-5-yl, C₁-C₆alkoxy, hydroxy, SC₁-C₆alkyl, SO₂NR⁷R⁷, NHSO₂R⁷, SO₃H, CONR⁷R⁷, CN, SO₂C₁-C₆alkyl, or C_nF_2n+1;

R² is C₂-C₁₀alkyl unsubstituted or substituted by

CO₂H, OH, or NR⁷R⁷, C₃-C₁₀alkenyl, C₃-C₁₀alkynyl,

C₃-C₆Cycloalkyl, or (CH₂)_0-8phenyl unsubstituted or

substituted by one to three substituents selected from C₁-C₆alkyl, nitro, Cl, Br, F, I, hydroxy, C₁-C₆alkoxy, NR⁷R⁷, CO₂R⁷, CN, or CONR⁷R⁷;

X is a single bond, S, or O;

R ³ is hydrogen, Cl, Br, F, I, CHO, hydroxymethyl,

COOR⁷, CONR⁷R⁷, NO₂, or C_nF_2n+1;

each n is 1-3;

m is 0-4;

R⁴ is C0₂R⁷, CONR⁷R⁷, or tetrazol-5-yl;

Y is a single bond or a carbonyl group;

R is hydrogen, C₁-C₈alkyl, C₃-C₆Cycloalkyl,

(CH₂)_0-4phenyl, or (CH₂)_n-3CH-diphenyl wherein each phenyl group independently is unsubstituted or substituted by one to three substituents selected from C₁-C₆alkyl, nitro, Cl, Br, F, I, hydroxy, C₁-C₆alkyl, NR⁷R⁷, CO₂R⁷,or CONR⁷R⁷;

R⁶ is hydrogen or C_1-6alkyl; and

each R⁷ independently is hydrogen, C₁-C₄alkyl, or (CH₂)_0-4phenyl; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

2. A compound of claim 1 in which:

trifluoromethyl, nitro, methyl, methoxy, hydroxy,

sulfonamido, cyano, carboxy, carboC₁-C₄alkoxy, carbamoyl, or tetrazol-5-yl;

X is a single bond or S;

R² is C₂-C₈alkyl;

R³ is hydrogen, chloro, fluoro, or trifluoromethyl; m is 0-2;

R⁴ is CO₂R⁷; and

each R⁷ independently is hydrogen or C₁-C₄alkyl; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

3. A compound of claim 2 which is 3-[(2-chloro- phenyl)methyl]-2-n-butyl-N-butyrylhistidine or a

pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

4. A compound of claim 2 which is 3-[(2-chloro-phenyl)methyl]-2-n-butyl-N-propionylhistidine or a

pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

5. A compound of claim 2 which is 3-[(2-chloro-phenyl)methyl]-2-propylthio-N-butyrylhistidine or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

6. A compound of claim 2 which is:

3-[(2-chlorophenyl)methyl]-2-n-butyl-N-diphenylacetylhistidine;

3-[(2-chlorophenyl)methyl]-2-propylthio-N- [(cyclopentyl)carbonyl]histidine;

3-[(2-chlorophenyl)methyl]-2-propylthio-N-acetylhistidine;

3-[(2-chlorophenyl)methyl]-2-propylthio-N-isovalerylhistidine;

3-[(2-chlorophenyl)methyl]-2-propylthio-N-benzoylhistidine; or

7. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of claim 1 and a suitable pharmaceutical carrier.

8. A pharmaceutical composition of claim 7 wherein the compound is 3-[2-chlorophenyl)phenyl)methyl-2-n-butyl-N-butyrylhistidine.

9. A pharmaceutical composition of claim 7 wherein the compound is 3-[(2-chlorophenyl)methyl]-2-n-butyl-N-propionylhistidine.

10. A pharmaceutical composition of claim 7 wherein the compound is 3-[(2-chlorophenyl)methyl]-2-propylthio-N-butyrylhistidine.

11. A pharmaceutical composition of claim 7 wherein the compound is:

3-[(2-chlorophenyl)methyl]-2-n-butyl-N-diphenylacetylhistidine;

3-[(2-chlorophenyl)methyl]-2-propylthio-N- [(cyclopentyl)carbonyl]histidine;

3-[(2-chlorophenyl)methyl]-2-propylthio-N-acetylhistidine.

3-[(2-chlorophenyl)methyl]-2-propylthio-N-isovalerylhistidine;

3-[(2-chlorophenyl)methyl]-2-propylthio-N-benzoylhistidine; or

3-[(2-chlorophenyl)methyl]-2-propylthiohistidine.

12. A method of antagonizing angiotensin II receptors in mammals which comprises administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of a compound of claim 1.

13. A method of claim 12 wherein the compound is 3- [(2-chlorophenyl)methyl]-2-n-butyl-N-butyrylhistidine.

14. A method of claim 12 wherein the compound is 3- [(2-chlorophenyl)methyl]-2-n-butyl-N-propionylhistidine.

15. A method of claim 12 wherein the compound is 3- [(2-chlorophenyl)methyl]-2-propylthio-N-butyrylhistidine.

16. A method of claim 12 wherein the compound is: 3-[(2-chlorophenyl)methyl]-2-n-butyl-N- diphenylacetylhistidine;

3-[(2-chlorophenyl)methyl]-2-propylthio-N- [(cyclopentyl)carbonyl]histidine;

3-[(2-chlorophenyl)methyl]-2-propylthio-N- acetylhistidine.

3-[(2-chlorophenyl)methyl]-2-propylthio-N- isovalerylhistidine;

3-[(2-chlorophenyl)methyl]-2-propylthio-N-benzoylhistidine; or

3-[(2-chlorophenyl)methyl]-2-propylthiohistidine.

17. A method of treating hypertension in mammals which comprises administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of a compound of claim 1.

18. A method of treating congestive heart failure in mammals which comprises administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of a compound of claim 1.

19. A method of treating renal failure in mammals which comprises administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of a compound of claim 1.

20. A method of treating glaucoma in mammals which comprises administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of a compound of claim 1.