US4716984A - Automotive vehicle power train - Google Patents
Automotive vehicle power train Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US4716984A US4716984A US06/844,700 US84470086A US4716984A US 4716984 A US4716984 A US 4716984A US 84470086 A US84470086 A US 84470086A US 4716984 A US4716984 A US 4716984A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- engine
- vehicle
- center line
- crank shaft
- differential device
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K5/00—Arrangement or mounting of internal-combustion or jet-propulsion units
- B60K5/04—Arrangement or mounting of internal-combustion or jet-propulsion units with the engine main axis, e.g. crankshaft axis, transversely to the longitudinal centre line of the vehicle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
- F16H2200/0008—Transmissions for multiple ratios specially adapted for front-wheel-driven vehicles
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
- F16H3/02—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion
- F16H3/08—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts
- F16H3/087—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears
- F16H3/089—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion without gears having orbital motion exclusively or essentially with continuously meshing gears, that can be disengaged from their shafts characterised by the disposition of the gears all of the meshing gears being supported by a pair of parallel shafts, one being the input shaft and the other the output shaft, there being no countershaft involved
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T74/00—Machine element or mechanism
- Y10T74/18—Mechanical movements
- Y10T74/18416—Rotary to alternating rotary
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a power train for an automotive vehicle, and more particularly relates to a power train for an automotive vehicle, which is transversely mounted and has good compactness, as well as providing advantages relating to weight distribution.
- FIG. 1 of the accompanying drawings which is a side view thereof
- a FF car front engine front wheel drive automotive vehicle
- FIG. 1 of the accompanying drawings which is a side view thereof
- a power train for an automotive vehicle comprising a body with an engine compartment, comprising: (a) an engine comprising a crank shaft and at least one cylinder, mounted within said engine compartment with said crank shaft extending transversely to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle body and with said cylinder extending generally horizontally; (b) a transmission device comprising a power input shaft, coupled to said engine with said power input shaft substantially coaxial with and rotationally driven from said engine crank shaft; and (c) a differential device, driven from said transmission device, with an axial center line which is located generally below the center line of said crank shaft.
- the center of gravity of the power train as a whole including the engine can be brought to be generally above and close to the central axis of the driven wheels of the vehicle, i.e. the driven axle, and thereby engine overhang is minimized while vehicle wheel base is maximized.
- the length of the engine compartment is minimized, thus allowing the length and roominess of the vehicle passenger compartment to be maximized while maintaining a set vehicle length.
- the moments of inertia of the vehicle as a whole about its yaw and pitch axes are minimized, which results in various advantages with regard to vehicle handling and performance.
- the cylinder or cylinders of the engine are arranged as generally horizontal, it becomes possible to very much lower the vehicle hood line, which has beneficial advantages with regard to improvement of vehicle streamlining, particularly in the case of a FF vehicle. Also, since it becomes practicable to locate a carburetor, an ignition system, and other frequently serviced subassemblies on top of the cylinders of the engine and thus in an easily accessible position for maintenance, the servicability of the vehicle is greatly enhanced by a layout according to the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is a side view of the engine compartment of a vehicle equipped with a conventional transversely mounted power train;
- FIG. 2 is a side view of the engine compartment of a vehicle equipped with a transversely mounted power train according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 3 is a plan view of the engine compartment including said preferred embodiment power train.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of main parts of the preferred embodiment power train as seen from the upper left side of FIG. 3.
- the reference numeral 1 denotes an internal combustion engine, which has a cylinder head 2, two in line cylinders provided in a cylinder block 7 and equipped with pistons 8, a crank shaft 9, and a flywheel 10.
- This engine 1 is transversely mounted in the body 3 of a vehicle with its two parallel in line cylinders lying in a generally horizontal plane; the cylinder head 2 of the engine 1 is disposed towards the front of the vehicle.
- the engine 1 is displaced towards the left side of the vehicle body 3 from the longitudinal center line thereof, in order to accommodate a radiator 4 towards the right side of said vehicle body 3.
- an intake manifold 5 and a carburetor 6 are mounted on the upper side of said engine cylinder head 2, so as to be easily available for the frequent servicing inevitably required for such units.
- the reciprocating motion of the pistons 8 is converted into rotational motion of the crank shaft 9, and this motion, via the flywheel 10 secured to the end of said crank shaft 9 and via a friction plate 11 of a friction clutch assembly, rotationally drives the main shaft 13 of a transmission device 12 mounted on the side of the engine 1; thus said main shaft 13 functions as the rotational power input shaft of said transmission device 12, and said transmission device 12 is connected to said engine 1 with its rotational power input member 13 substantially coaxial with the crank shaft 9 of said engine 1.
- a counter shaft or lay shaft 14 is provided generally parallel to and below the main shaft 13.
- a plurality of gear wheels G1 provided on the main shaft 13, and a plurality of gear wheels G2 on the lay shaft 14, are mutually and selectably mesh in a per se conventional manner according to the shift position of a shift lever which is not shown in the drawings, so as to provide any desired one of a plurality of transmission ratios.
- rotational power is taken out from the transmission device 12 via a power output gear wheel 15 fixed to the end of the lay shaft 14.
- This rotational power is supplied to a final drive or input gear wheel 19 of a per se conventional differential device 17, the casing 15 of which is integrally formed with the casing of the transmission device 12.
- the differential device 17 is coaxially received within the input gear wheel 19, and its axial center line 18 (see FIG. 2) is located below the cylinder block 7, slightly to the forward direction from the axial center line 20 of the crank shaft 9.
- a right side power output shaft of the differential device 17 is coupled to and drives a right vehicle wheel 22a via a universal joint 24a, a drive shaft 21a, and another universal joint 24a; and, similarly, a left side power output shaft of the differential device 17 is coupled to and drives a left vehicle wheel 22b via another universal joint 24b, another drive shaft 21b, and another universal joint 24b.
- These universal joints 24a and 24b are constant velocity joints. As shown in FIG.
- the front axle line 23 which joins the centers of the right and left wheels 22a and 22b when the vehicle steering is pointing straight ahead, lies below the axial center line 20 of the crank shaft 9, and, with respect to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, generally between said axial center line 20 of the crank shaft 9 and the axial center line 18 of the differential device 17.
- an exhaust manifold 25 is connected to the lower side of the cylinder head 2, and, after passing under one of the drive shafts 21a or 21b, is connected to an exhaust pipe 26 which leads to an opening at the rear of the vehicle.
- This arrangement is facilitated because of the presence of a space in front of the casing 16 of the differential device 17.
- This space also, advantageously, accomodates various other accessory equipment such as an alternator 27, an air conditioning compressor 28, and so on.
- the present invention is not to be considered as limited thereto; in fact, the present invention can also be applied to a RR configuration type vehicle (a rear engine rear wheel drive vehicle), to a midship engined vehicle, and the like.
- a RR configuration type vehicle a rear engine rear wheel drive vehicle
- the center of gravity of the power train as a whole including the engine 1 can be brought to be generally above and close to the central axis 23 of the driven wheels of the vehicle, i.e. to the driven axle, and thereby engine overhang is minimized while vehicle wheel base is maximized. Accordingly, the length of the engine compartment is minimized, thus allowing the length and roominess of the vehicle passenger compartment to be maximized while maintaining a set vehicle length.
- the cylinders and pistons 8 of the engine are arranged as generally horizontal, it becomes possible very much to lower the vehicle hood line, which has beneficial advantages with regard to improvement of vehicle streamlining, particularly in the shown case of a FF vehicle. Also, since it becomes practical to locate the carburetor 6, the engine ignition system (not particularly shown), and other frequently serviced subassemblies on top of the cylinders of the engine 1 and thus in an easily accessible position for maintenance, the servicability of the vehicle as a whole is greatly enhanced by a layout according to the present invention.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Arrangement Of Transmissions (AREA)
- Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP60-62351 | 1985-03-27 | ||
JP60062351A JPS61220932A (ja) | 1985-03-27 | 1985-03-27 | 自動車用パワ−ユニツト構造 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US4716984A true US4716984A (en) | 1988-01-05 |
Family
ID=13197611
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US06/844,700 Expired - Lifetime US4716984A (en) | 1985-03-27 | 1986-03-27 | Automotive vehicle power train |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4716984A (de) |
EP (1) | EP0196871B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JPS61220932A (de) |
DE (1) | DE3675242D1 (de) |
Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4883024A (en) * | 1987-01-23 | 1989-11-28 | Kubota Limited | Water-cooling system for a water-cooled horizontal cylinder engine |
US5040634A (en) * | 1989-01-27 | 1991-08-20 | Mazda Motor Corporation | Motor vehicle with a transversely-disposed engine |
US5050701A (en) * | 1988-05-31 | 1991-09-24 | Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha | Engine manifolding and orientation for the engine compartment of a motor vehicle |
US5064017A (en) * | 1989-03-28 | 1991-11-12 | Mazda Motor Corporation | Four-wheel drive motor vehicle of transversely-disposed engine type |
US5074254A (en) * | 1987-05-29 | 1991-12-24 | Kubota Ltd. | Forced-circulation type water-cooling system for horizontal internal-combustion engine |
US5078230A (en) * | 1989-03-20 | 1992-01-07 | Mazda Motor Corporation | Front structure of a motor vehicle |
US5078229A (en) * | 1989-03-31 | 1992-01-07 | Mazda Motor Corporation | Four-wheel-drive motor vehicle of transversely-disposed engine type |
US5099945A (en) * | 1987-12-01 | 1992-03-31 | Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha | Engine unit for vehicle |
US5129476A (en) * | 1989-05-31 | 1992-07-14 | Mazda Motor Corporation | Four-wheel-drive motor vehicle of transversely-disposed engine type |
US5143167A (en) * | 1989-09-04 | 1992-09-01 | Mazda Motor Corporation | Four-wheel-drive motor vehicle of transversely-disposed engine type |
US5287942A (en) * | 1991-11-20 | 1994-02-22 | Mazda Motor Corporation | Vehicle power train structure |
US20090272545A1 (en) * | 2008-04-30 | 2009-11-05 | Altarock Energy, Inc. | System and method for use of pressure actuated collapsing capsules suspended in a thermally expanding fluid in a subterranean containment space |
Families Citing this family (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2582766B2 (ja) * | 1987-03-10 | 1997-02-19 | ブリティッシュ・テクノロジー・グループ・リミテッド | 自動車用動力ユニット |
JPS63193927U (de) * | 1987-05-30 | 1988-12-14 | ||
ES2040778T3 (es) * | 1987-06-16 | 1993-11-01 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Procedimiento para una instalacion de conmutacion controlada por ordenador, especialmente para una llamada instalacion de conmutacion telefonica-key. |
US5257674A (en) * | 1988-11-14 | 1993-11-02 | Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha | Engine construction for vehicle |
JPH02120232U (de) * | 1989-03-15 | 1990-09-27 | ||
JPH02310128A (ja) * | 1989-05-24 | 1990-12-25 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | エンジン及び動力伝達装置の配置構造 |
EP0653553B1 (de) * | 1989-07-06 | 1998-09-02 | Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha | Kühlungssystem für eine Brennkraftmaschine |
US5085186A (en) * | 1989-07-28 | 1992-02-04 | Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha | Crankshaft and journal arrangement for engine |
US5259347A (en) * | 1992-06-17 | 1993-11-09 | Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha | Engine output drive arrangement |
DE4326396C2 (de) * | 1993-08-06 | 2001-07-26 | Daimler Chrysler Ag | Kraftwagen mit einem in einem spitzen Winkel gegen die Horizontale geneigten Antriebsmotor |
DE4421926C2 (de) | 1994-06-23 | 1996-09-12 | Ford Werke Ag | Getriebeaggregat für Kraftfahrzeuge, insbesondere mit Frontantrieb |
US6896087B2 (en) * | 2000-09-01 | 2005-05-24 | Brp-Rotax Gmbh & Co. Kg | Component arrangement for an all terrain vehicle |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR864701A (fr) * | 1938-09-09 | 1941-05-03 | Porsche Kg | Véhicule automobile |
US2531268A (en) * | 1945-12-22 | 1950-11-21 | Marmon Herrington Co Inc | Power unit for vehicles |
US2927480A (en) * | 1957-01-24 | 1960-03-08 | William M Schweickart | Differential drive |
DE1962539A1 (de) * | 1969-12-13 | 1971-06-16 | Daimler Benz Ag | Antriebssystem |
US4431079A (en) * | 1981-04-30 | 1984-02-14 | Nissan Motor Company, Limited | Four-wheel vehicle drive system |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB623250A (en) * | 1947-04-21 | 1949-05-13 | Duncan Ind Engineers Ltd | Improvements in or relating to power plants for motor vehicles |
DE934686C (de) * | 1952-11-27 | 1955-11-03 | Nsu Automobil Ag | Antriebsvorrichtung fuer Kraftfahrzeuge mit Einzelradaufhaengung der angetriebenen Raeder und einem liegenden Motor |
FR1397983A (fr) * | 1964-03-23 | 1965-05-07 | Simca Automobiles Sa | Dispositif de transmission pour véhicule automobile |
DE1948450A1 (de) * | 1969-09-25 | 1971-04-01 | Porsche Kg | Antriebsaggregat fuer Fahrzeuge |
JPS6123466Y2 (de) * | 1979-11-30 | 1986-07-14 |
-
1985
- 1985-03-27 JP JP60062351A patent/JPS61220932A/ja active Granted
-
1986
- 1986-03-26 EP EP86302242A patent/EP0196871B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-03-26 DE DE8686302242T patent/DE3675242D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1986-03-27 US US06/844,700 patent/US4716984A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR864701A (fr) * | 1938-09-09 | 1941-05-03 | Porsche Kg | Véhicule automobile |
US2531268A (en) * | 1945-12-22 | 1950-11-21 | Marmon Herrington Co Inc | Power unit for vehicles |
US2927480A (en) * | 1957-01-24 | 1960-03-08 | William M Schweickart | Differential drive |
DE1962539A1 (de) * | 1969-12-13 | 1971-06-16 | Daimler Benz Ag | Antriebssystem |
US4431079A (en) * | 1981-04-30 | 1984-02-14 | Nissan Motor Company, Limited | Four-wheel vehicle drive system |
Cited By (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4883024A (en) * | 1987-01-23 | 1989-11-28 | Kubota Limited | Water-cooling system for a water-cooled horizontal cylinder engine |
US5007383A (en) * | 1987-01-23 | 1991-04-16 | Kubota Limited | Water-cooling system for a water-cooled horizontal cylinder engine |
US5074254A (en) * | 1987-05-29 | 1991-12-24 | Kubota Ltd. | Forced-circulation type water-cooling system for horizontal internal-combustion engine |
US5099945A (en) * | 1987-12-01 | 1992-03-31 | Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha | Engine unit for vehicle |
US5050701A (en) * | 1988-05-31 | 1991-09-24 | Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha | Engine manifolding and orientation for the engine compartment of a motor vehicle |
US5040634A (en) * | 1989-01-27 | 1991-08-20 | Mazda Motor Corporation | Motor vehicle with a transversely-disposed engine |
US5078230A (en) * | 1989-03-20 | 1992-01-07 | Mazda Motor Corporation | Front structure of a motor vehicle |
US5064017A (en) * | 1989-03-28 | 1991-11-12 | Mazda Motor Corporation | Four-wheel drive motor vehicle of transversely-disposed engine type |
US5078229A (en) * | 1989-03-31 | 1992-01-07 | Mazda Motor Corporation | Four-wheel-drive motor vehicle of transversely-disposed engine type |
US5129476A (en) * | 1989-05-31 | 1992-07-14 | Mazda Motor Corporation | Four-wheel-drive motor vehicle of transversely-disposed engine type |
US5143167A (en) * | 1989-09-04 | 1992-09-01 | Mazda Motor Corporation | Four-wheel-drive motor vehicle of transversely-disposed engine type |
US5287942A (en) * | 1991-11-20 | 1994-02-22 | Mazda Motor Corporation | Vehicle power train structure |
US20090272545A1 (en) * | 2008-04-30 | 2009-11-05 | Altarock Energy, Inc. | System and method for use of pressure actuated collapsing capsules suspended in a thermally expanding fluid in a subterranean containment space |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0196871B1 (de) | 1990-10-31 |
DE3675242D1 (de) | 1990-12-06 |
EP0196871A3 (en) | 1988-05-18 |
EP0196871A2 (de) | 1986-10-08 |
JPS61220932A (ja) | 1986-10-01 |
JPH0112691B2 (de) | 1989-03-01 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AS | Assignment |
Owner name: HONDA GIKEN KOGYO KABUSHIKI KAISHA, NO. 1-1, 2-CHO Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST.;ASSIGNORS:HIRAMATSU, TAKEFUMI;ASHIKAWA, NOBORU;REEL/FRAME:004645/0726 Effective date: 19861020 |
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STCF | Information on status: patent grant |
Free format text: PATENTED CASE |
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FEPP | Fee payment procedure |
Free format text: PAYOR NUMBER ASSIGNED (ORIGINAL EVENT CODE: ASPN); ENTITY STATUS OF PATENT OWNER: LARGE ENTITY |
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FPAY | Fee payment |
Year of fee payment: 4 |
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Year of fee payment: 12 |