US3794014A - Hot-air furnace - Google Patents

Hot-air furnace Download PDF

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Publication number
US3794014A
US3794014A US00202126A US3794014DA US3794014A US 3794014 A US3794014 A US 3794014A US 00202126 A US00202126 A US 00202126A US 3794014D A US3794014D A US 3794014DA US 3794014 A US3794014 A US 3794014A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
chamber
flue
air
chamber wall
combustion chamber
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US00202126A
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English (en)
Inventor
D Mcvickar
A Wolf
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Lear Siegler Inc
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Lear Siegler Inc
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Publication date
Application filed by Lear Siegler Inc filed Critical Lear Siegler Inc
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Publication of US3794014A publication Critical patent/US3794014A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00—Air heaters
    • F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
    • F24H3/06—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being kept separate from the heating medium, e.g. using forced circulation of air over radiators
    • F24H3/065—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being kept separate from the heating medium, e.g. using forced circulation of air over radiators using fluid fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/0052—Details for air heaters

Definitions

  • a hot-air furnace comprising a cylindrical combustion chamber with a plurality of apertures in the lower end of the combustion chamber wall through which flame jets are radially discharged into a flue chamber having a plurality of radiating vertical fins.
  • An air chamber wall with a plurality of radiating vertical fins disposed therein surrounds the flue chamber.
  • a novel blower means is in communication with one end of the air chamber.
  • HOT-AIR FURNACE BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to furnaces, and, more particularly, to an improved hot-air furnace.
  • hot-air furnaces Although a wide variety of hot-air furnaces are commercially available today, there is a continuing need for new and improved hot-air furnaces. For example, with the recent increase in popularity of mobile homes and modular and apartment housing, there has been a great deal of interest in reducing the size of hot-air furnaces while maintaining high heat capacities. However, reducing the size of conventional hot-air furnaces while maintaining high heat capacities results in several problems. For example, one problem is durability, since as the size decreases, the high heat capacity tends to be more destructive to the structural components of the furnace.
  • an improved hotair furnace which can be manufactured in small sizes with high heat capacities, which is durable and which is versatile as to both the type of burner used and the air-flow direction required and which can accommodate optimum air conditioner cold air passage.
  • the improved hot-air furnace comprises a cylindrical combustion chamber having closed ends and a combustion chamber wall, and a plurality of apertures in the lower end of the combustion chamber .wall.
  • a flue chamber wall surrounds the combustion chamber wall and forms a flue chamber therebetween, the bottom of the flue chamber being closed.
  • a flue pipe is mounted on top of the flue chamber and is in communication therewith, and a plurality of radiating vertical fins are disposed in the flue chamber.
  • An air chamber wall surrounds the flue chamber wall and forms an air chamber therebetween, and a plurality of radiating vertical fins are disposed in the air chamber.
  • a blower means preferably an axial flow blower, is in communication with one end of the air chamber, and a burner means is adjacent the air chamber wall, with the burner nozzle being in communication with the combustion chamber through the air chamber wall, the flue chamber wall and the combustion chamber wall.
  • the combustion chamber wall, the flue chamber wall, and the air chamber wall are all annular, and the fins in the flue chamber extend from the top thereof to a position short of the bottom thereof, with the majority of the apertures in the combustion chamber wall being below the flue chamber fins.
  • FIG. 1 is a side elevation cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the hot-air furnace of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a top cross-sectional view of the hot-air furnace of FIG. I taken along the line llll of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a side elevational view of the heat exchanger of the furnace of FIG. 1 taken along the line Ill-III of FIG. ll;
  • FIG. 4 is a side cross-sectional view of an axial-flow blower which is preferred for use in the furnace of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of one of the rotor vanes of the axial flow blower of FIG. 4 taken along the line V ⁇ / of FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of one of the stator vanes of the axial-flow blower of FIG. 4 taken along the line VIVI of FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 7 is a plan view of the rotor of the axial-flow blower of FIG. 4.
  • FIG. 3 is a plan view of the stator of the axial-flow blower of FIG. 4.
  • FIG. 1 represents a cross-sectional side elevational view of a hot-air furnace of the present invention positioned on base assembly 20 and containing heat exchanger 10.
  • Heat exchanger 10 comprises combustion chamber 1 I, and flue chamber wall 13 which supports inwardly radiating fins I5 and outwardly radiating fins I8.
  • Combustion chamber II has a plurality of apertures 12 in the lower end of the wall thereof. The number, size, spacing and pattern of apertures 12 will depend on the total heat transfer rate desired, since, as discussed more fully hereinafter, small jets of flame shoot out of apertures 12 into the flue chamber 14, one function of which is to add to the overall heat transfer of the heat exchanger.
  • apertures 1 .2 are of small size, e.g., about one-eighth inch diameter, and are located substantially around the entire circumference of the lower end of the wall of combustion chamber III for uniform heat transfer.
  • Combustion chamber 11 is closed at both ends.
  • Flue chamber wall 13 surrounds the wall of combustion chamber II to form a flue chamber 14 therebetween.
  • a plurality of radiating vertical fins 15 are disposed in flue chamber 14%, and, preferably, extend from the top of the flue chamber to a position short of the bottom thereof so that a majority of apertures 12 are below fins 15, as will be discussed more fully hereinafter.
  • Air chamber wall 16 surrounds flue chamber wall 13 to form an air chamber 17 therebetween.
  • a plurality of radiating vertical fins 18 are disposed in air chamber 17, and, preferably extend the entire length of the combustion chamber.
  • a flue pipe 30 is mounted at the top of flue chamber 14 and is in communication therewith for egress of the flue gases.
  • a conventional rotary blower 40 is mounted on blower deck 41 and is in communication with air chamber 17.
  • a burner unit 50 is mounted adjacent air chamber 17 in pouch 51 with the burner nozzle extending therethrough to be in commnication with combustion chamber 11.
  • Burner 50 can be any conventional type of power burner, e.g., gas or oil, and the simple mounting of the burner unit to and through pouch 51 permits various burners to be used interchangeably without any changes in the construction or operation of the furnace.
  • casing 60 which has return air louvered panels 61 and 62 in the vicinity of blower means 40.
  • a combustion air collector trough 63 which is in communication with combustion air vestibule 66 via combustion air tube 64 and base airway 65.
  • Combustion air collector trough 63 is used when combustion air is supplied through the roof of the dwelling. Combustion air can also be supplied through the floor of the dwelling via air chute 67 directly to base airway 65.
  • Base unit 20 also includes a transition duct 21 which is in communication with air chamber 17. Transition duct 21 is, in turn, in communication with feeder duct 22 for distribution of the hot air to the areas to be heated via conventional ducting.
  • FIG. 2 which is a top cross-sectional view of the furnace of FIG. 1 taken along the line II-Il of FIG. 1, the fin structure of flue chamber 14 and air chamber 17 is more clearly shown.
  • the wall of combustion chamber 11, flue chamber wall 13, and air chamber wall 16 are all annular, and flue chamber fins and air chamber fins 18 are disposed around the entire circumference of flue chamber 14 and air chamber 17, respectively.
  • FIG. 2 also more clearly shows the location of combustion air tube 64 and the mounting of burner unit 50 on and through pouch 51 so that the nozzle thereof and pilot 50a are in communication with combustion chamber 11.
  • FIG. 3 which is a side elevational view of the heat exchanger of the furnace of FIG. 1 taken along the line lII-Ill of FIG. 1, the location of flue pipe 30, pouch 51, and air chamber fins 18 are clearly shown.
  • FIGS. 4-8 an axial flow blower which is preferred for use with the furnace of the present invention is illustrated.
  • the blower comprises an annular stator 70 having a plurality of generally vertical curved vanes 71 on the periphery thereof.
  • Motor 72 is mounted axially in stator 70.
  • Rotatably mounted on motor 72 is an annular rotor 73 having a plurality of generally vertical curved vanes 74 on the periphery thereof.
  • shroud means 76 which is a continuous curved circular or doughnut-shaped member, is provided adjacent the rotor to maintain efficient and directional air flow created by the rotating rotor through the stator.
  • FIG. 5 which is a cross-sectional view of one of the vanes 74 of rotor 73 taken along the line V-V of FIG. 4, more clearly shows the configuration of the curved vanes 74.
  • FIG. 6 which is a cross-sectional view of one of the vanes 71 of stator 70 is taken along the line VI-VI of FIG. 4, more clearly shows the configuration of the stator vanes 71.
  • FIG. 7 which is a plan view of the rotor 73 of the axial flow blower of FIG. 4, also more clearly shows the configuration of the vanes 74 of rotor 73 and shows the arrangement thereof around the periphery of rotor 73.
  • FIG. 8 which is a plan view of stator 71 more clearly shows the construction of stator with the arrangement of stator vanes 71 around the periphery of stator 70 and the location of motor mount 75 in the center thereof.
  • the axial flow blower of FIGS. 4-8 provides efficient and high-capacity directional air flow while being of small size, and thus is ideally suited for use with furnaces where small size and high heat capacities are desired such as in the furnace of the present invention.
  • combustion chamber 11 As burner 50 is ignited by means of pilot 50a, the flames are directed into combustion chamber 11, the air for complete combustion being supplied to combustion chamber 1] through base airway 65 via either combustion air tube 64 or air chute 67.
  • Apertures 12 in the lower portion of the wall of combustion chamber 11 serve several purposes. First, they permit the egress of flue gases out of combustion chamber 11 into flue chamber 14 to be carried out via flue pipe 30. Second, jets of flame shoot out of apertures 12 and cause a very effective jet heat transfer to flue chamber wall 13.
  • the described construction permits a high and efficient rate of heat transfer.
  • a furnace of small size e.g., on the order of between about 3 to 4 feet high, 1 to 2 feet wide, and 1% to 2 feet deep
  • heat inputs of between about 60,000 to about 200,000 BTU s per hour are possible.
  • the construction is very durable since the absence of large temperature gradients, i.e., the absence of regions of abrupt and extreme heat changes, results in low stress levels giving long life to the metallic components of the furnace.
  • the preferred annular construction of the combustion chamber, the flue chamber and the air chamber produces optimum heat transfer and eliminates the undesirable booming noises of conventional rectangular constructions.
  • the construction is interchangeable between an upward air flow and a downward air flow furnace by merely switching the location of the blower and the ducting.
  • the streamlined and unobstructed air chamber 17 allows the blower, the air chamber, and the ducting to be used for high capacity air conditioning cold air passage.
  • a hot-air furnace comprising:
  • combustion chamber having closed ends and a combustion chamber wall, and a plurality of apertures in the lower end of said wall;
  • a flue chamber wall surrounding said combustion chamber wall and forming a flue chamber therebetween located immediately adjacent to said combustion chamber, the bottom of said flue chamber being closed, said combustion chamber wall forming the only wall between said combustion and flue chambers whereby the apertures in said combustion chamber wall permit jets of flame to shoot out of said combustion chamber into said flue chamher;
  • blower means in communication with one end of said air chamber
  • burner nozzle of said burner being in communication with said combustion chamber through said air chamber wall, said flue chamber wall and said combustion chamber wall.
  • a hot-air furnace comprising:
  • combustion chamber having closed ends and a combustion chamber wall, and a plurality of apertures in the lower end of said wall;
  • said fins including fins which extend radially a substantial distance between said flue chamber wall and said air chamber wall and longitudinally from the top of said flue chamber to a position short of the bottom of said flue chamber, and a majority of said apertures in said combustion chamber wall being below said position;
  • blower means in communication with one end of said air chamber
  • burner nozzle of said burner being in communication with said combustion chamber through said air chamber wall, said flue chamber wall and said combustion chamber wall.
  • a hot-air furnace according to claim 6 wherein said apertures are of small size and are located substantially around the entire circumference of the lower end of said combustion chamber wall whereby jets of flame are permitted to shoot out of said combustion chamber into said flue chamber via said apertures to uniformly supplement the heat transfer between said combustion chamber and said flue chamber.
  • a hot-air furnace comprising:
  • combustion chamber having closed ends and a combustion chamber wall, and a plurality of apertures in the lower end of said wall;
  • blower means in communication with one end of said air chamber
  • burner nozzle of said burner being in communication with said combustion chamber through said air chamber wall, said flue chamber wall and said combustion chamber wall; said apertures in said combustion chamber wall being of small size and located substantially around the entire circumference of the lower end of said combustion chamber wall whereby jets of flame are permitted to shoot out of said combustion chamber into said flue chamber via said apertures to uniformly supplement the heat transfer between said combustion chamber and said flue chamber.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)
  • Direct Air Heating By Heater Or Combustion Gas (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
US00202126A 1971-11-26 1971-11-26 Hot-air furnace Expired - Lifetime US3794014A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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US20212671A 1971-11-26 1971-11-26

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US3794014A true US3794014A (en) 1974-02-26

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US00202126A Expired - Lifetime US3794014A (en) 1971-11-26 1971-11-26 Hot-air furnace

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US (1) US3794014A (de)
JP (1) JPS4863570A (de)
CA (1) CA965323A (de)
DE (2) DE2257982A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2163090A5 (de)
GB (1) GB1367828A (de)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3880140A (en) * 1974-01-28 1975-04-29 Clifford A Scogin Room heater
US3955552A (en) * 1974-04-18 1976-05-11 Heat Research Corporation Heater for large flows at low pressure losses
US3965885A (en) * 1974-04-18 1976-06-29 Heat Research Corporation Heater for large flows at low pressure losses
US3985115A (en) * 1973-12-17 1976-10-12 Lear Siegler, Inc. Hot air furnace
US4011903A (en) * 1975-03-24 1977-03-15 Lear Siegler, Inc. Damper for heating/cooling system
US4162887A (en) * 1977-05-23 1979-07-31 Greenmace Limited Oil burner
US5992410A (en) * 1998-05-08 1999-11-30 Nordyne, Inc. High-efficiency furnace for mobile homes
US20110185986A1 (en) * 2009-12-01 2011-08-04 International Thermal Investments Ltd. Propane or diesel powered heater with common burner opening
CN110411018A (zh) * 2019-08-02 2019-11-05 张德忠 一种秸秆整包直燃无助风无换热双腔回旋热风锅炉
WO2023183106A1 (en) * 2022-03-22 2023-09-28 Rheem Manufacturing Company Heating element assemblies for air handling units

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2460294C3 (de) * 1974-12-19 1981-07-30 Bosch-Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH, 7000 Stuttgart Garbehälter zum Backen, Braten und Grillen mit einem Heißluft-Umwälzgebläse, insbesondere Back- und Bratrohr mit pyrolytischer Selbstreinigung

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2386746A (en) * 1941-09-29 1945-10-09 Selas Corp Of America Heater
US2620787A (en) * 1946-10-28 1952-12-09 John S Zink Forced air flow unit air-heating furnace
US2625150A (en) * 1949-02-23 1953-01-13 Coleman Co Space heating hot-air furnace for house trailers and the like
US2857906A (en) * 1954-09-13 1958-10-28 Dravo Corp Space heater

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2386746A (en) * 1941-09-29 1945-10-09 Selas Corp Of America Heater
US2620787A (en) * 1946-10-28 1952-12-09 John S Zink Forced air flow unit air-heating furnace
US2625150A (en) * 1949-02-23 1953-01-13 Coleman Co Space heating hot-air furnace for house trailers and the like
US2857906A (en) * 1954-09-13 1958-10-28 Dravo Corp Space heater

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3985115A (en) * 1973-12-17 1976-10-12 Lear Siegler, Inc. Hot air furnace
US3880140A (en) * 1974-01-28 1975-04-29 Clifford A Scogin Room heater
US3955552A (en) * 1974-04-18 1976-05-11 Heat Research Corporation Heater for large flows at low pressure losses
US3965885A (en) * 1974-04-18 1976-06-29 Heat Research Corporation Heater for large flows at low pressure losses
US4011903A (en) * 1975-03-24 1977-03-15 Lear Siegler, Inc. Damper for heating/cooling system
US4162887A (en) * 1977-05-23 1979-07-31 Greenmace Limited Oil burner
US5992410A (en) * 1998-05-08 1999-11-30 Nordyne, Inc. High-efficiency furnace for mobile homes
US20110185986A1 (en) * 2009-12-01 2011-08-04 International Thermal Investments Ltd. Propane or diesel powered heater with common burner opening
CN110411018A (zh) * 2019-08-02 2019-11-05 张德忠 一种秸秆整包直燃无助风无换热双腔回旋热风锅炉
WO2023183106A1 (en) * 2022-03-22 2023-09-28 Rheem Manufacturing Company Heating element assemblies for air handling units

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB1367828A (en) 1974-09-25
JPS4863570A (de) 1973-09-04
DE2257982A1 (de) 1973-05-30
CA965323A (en) 1975-04-01
FR2163090A5 (de) 1973-07-20
DE2264387A1 (de) 1973-07-26

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