US3372539A - Hot-gas reciprocating engine - Google Patents

Hot-gas reciprocating engine Download PDF

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Publication number
US3372539A
US3372539A US560673A US56067366A US3372539A US 3372539 A US3372539 A US 3372539A US 560673 A US560673 A US 560673A US 56067366 A US56067366 A US 56067366A US 3372539 A US3372539 A US 3372539A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
duct
compressor
working space
medium
check valve
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US560673A
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English (en)
Inventor
Reinhoudt Jacobus Pieter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
US Philips Corp
North American Philips Co Inc
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US Philips Corp
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Publication date
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Publication of US3372539A publication Critical patent/US3372539A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02G1/00—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants
    • F02G1/04—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type
    • F02G1/043—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines
    • F02G1/045—Controlling
    • F02G1/047—Controlling by varying the heating or cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02G1/00—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants
    • F02G1/04—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type
    • F02G1/043—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines
    • F02G1/044—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines having at least two working members, e.g. pistons, delivering power output
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02G1/00—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants
    • F02G1/04—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type
    • F02G1/043—Hot gas positive-displacement engine plants of closed-cycle type the engine being operated by expansion and contraction of a mass of working gas which is heated and cooled in one of a plurality of constantly communicating expansible chambers, e.g. Stirling cycle type engines
    • F02G1/045—Controlling
    • F02G1/05—Controlling by varying the rate of flow or quantity of the working gas

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a hot-gas reciprocating engine, particularly a hot-gas motor, comprising a device for varying the quantity by Weight of medium in a working space, in which engine the working space can be made to communicate, through a medium inlet duct provided with a controllable cock and a check valve, with a storage container for working medium, a medium outlet duct comprising at least one check valve communicating with the working space, the other end of the said outlet duct communicating with the inlet aperture of a compressor, the outlet aperture of the compressor communicating through a duct with the storage container.
  • the medium outlet duct between the working space and the inlet aperture of the compressor also comprises a controllable cock.
  • a controllable cock is closed, so when the engine is in normal operation, the pressure in the medium outlet duct will decrease to a very low level dependent upon the compression ratio maximally to be reached.
  • the pressure in the Working space of the compressor varies between the very low pressure in the medium outlet duct and the high pressure in the storage container. This large pressure variation involves great drawbacks.
  • the object of the hot-gas reciprocating engine according to the invention is to mitigate the above-mentioned drawback and for that purpose it is characterized in that the duct between the outlet aperture of the compressor and the storage container also comprises a check valve, a duct communicating with said duct between the said valve and the outlet aperture of the compressor, the other end of the said duct opening into the medium outlet duct between the inlet aperture of the compressor and the check valve, a controllable cock which during the decrease of the quantity by weight of medium in the Working space can be closed and otherwise can be opened being provided in the said communication duct, the medium outlet duct having such a volume, that in the opened condition of the cock substantially no pressure variations occur therein.
  • the hot-gas reciprocating engine according to the invention which is provided with a buffer chamber, said buffer chamber forms part of the medium outlet duct, at least one check valve being arranged between the working space and the butter chamber, said valve opening in the direction of the butter chamber.
  • the volume of the medi um outlet duct is increased by that of the butter chamber. This requires such a volume that the volume variations caused by the piston which separates the buffer chamber from the working space together with those caused by the compressor piston produced only very low pressure variations.
  • the buffer chamber communicates with the working space through a check valve opening in the direction of the said chamber, the medium outlet duct again communicating with the buffer chamber through a check valve.
  • the volume of the outlet duct must be so large that the volume variations caused by the piston 0f the compressor substantially result in no pressure variations.
  • the outlet duct itself may already have a sufficiently large volume. Should this not be the case a container may be arranged in the outlet duct.
  • FIGURE 2 also diagrammatically shows a hot-gas motor with improved control device.
  • the hot-gas motor diagrammatically shown in FIG. 2, comprises a working space 201, which through a duct 202 communicates with a storage container 203.
  • a check valve 204 and a controllable cock 205 are arranged in the duct 202.
  • a medium outlet duct 206 comprising a check valve 207 communicates with the working space 201.
  • the duct 206 communicates with the intake aperture 209 of a compressor 210.
  • the outlet aperture 211 of the compressor communicates with the container 203 through a duct 212.
  • the duct 212 comprises a check valve 213.
  • the part of the duct 212 between the outlet aperture 211 and the check valve 213 communicates through a duct 214 with the part of the duct 206 between the intake aperture 209 and the check valve 207.
  • a controllable cock 215 is arranged in the duct 214.
  • the cock 215 is opened and the duct 206, the duct 212, the communication duct 214 and the working spaceof compressor 210 constitute one space.
  • the pressure in the duct 206 then lies 'between the maximum pressure in the working space of the hot-gas motor and the pressure in the storage container.
  • the volume of the duct 206 is so large that in this duct and in the spaces communicating therewith, substantially no pressure variations will occur.
  • a container 206' may be arranged in the duct 206 to increase the volume. As a result of the constant pressure level, no large force variations occur, so that the compressor will have a longer life and is less noisy.
  • the cock 215 is closed.
  • the compressor 210 now eX- hausts normally medium from the working space and supplies it in a compressed condition to the container 203.
  • FIGURE 3 diagrammatically shows how the system shown in FIGURE 2 can be constructed. Naturally, other structural embodiments are possible.
  • Reference numeral 320 denotes a cylinder of a hot-gas motor.
  • a piston 321 and a displacer 322 move with a phase difference. These members are coupled to a gear not shown.
  • the piston 321 and the lower face of the displacer 322 vary the volume of a compression space 323; the upper face of the displacer varies the volume of an expansion space 324.
  • These two spaces communicate with one another through a cooler 325, a regenerator 326 and a heater 327.
  • a burner 328 supplies the heat to the heater 327.
  • the medium outlet duct 302 opens into the storage container 303.
  • a medium outlet duct 306 comprising a check valve 307 communicates with the working space.
  • the duct 306 communicates at its other end with the intake aperture 309 of a compressor 310.
  • the outlet aperture 311 of the compressor 310 communicates with the container 303 through a duct 312 comprising a check valve 313.
  • the ducts 306 and 312 communicate with one 4 another through a duct 314 comprising a cOntr l cock 315.
  • the valves of the cocks 305 and 315 are both connected to a lever 330 which is supported by a sp 331. By an upwards or downwards movement of sald lever, either the cock 315 or the cock 305 is opened, so that the required control is effected.
  • FIGURE 4 diagrammatically shows a hot-gas motor, of which the various components are denoted by the same reference numerals as in FIGURES 2 and 3.
  • This hot-gas motor is provided with a buffer chamber 400 below the compression piston 321.
  • the working space of the said hot-gas motor again communicates with the storage container 403 through a duct 402 comprising a check valve 404 and a cock 405.
  • the motor further comprises a compressor 410 the outlet aperture 411 of which communicates through a duct 412 comprising a check valve 413 with the container 403.
  • the buffer chamber 400 communicates through a duct 416 comprising a check valve 417 which can be opened in the direction of the buffer chamber with the working space.
  • a medium outlet duct 406 communicates with the buffer chamber.
  • the communication duct 414 with cock 415 communicates the ducts 406 and 412. So in this motor the bufier chamber 400 forms part of the medium outlet duct.
  • a space is available which is constituted by the buffer chamber 400, the duct 406, the working space of the compressor and the duct 412.
  • the volume of these spaces together is so large that the volume variations caused by the piston 321 and 'by the piston of the compressor substantially produce no pressure variations.
  • the cocks 405 and 415 can be operated again in the same manner as in the motor shown in FIGURE 3.
  • the compressor 410 will exhaust medium from the duct 406 and the buffer chamber 400 as a result of which the pressure decreases so that the check valve 417 opens and working medium flows from the working space to the buffer chamber.
  • a medium outlet duct 606 communicates with the buiTer chamber which duct communicates with the intake aperture 609 of the compressor 610.
  • the outlet aperture 611 communicates with the storage container 603 through the duct 612 including the check valve 613.
  • the ducts 606 'and 612 communicate with one another through a duct 614 with a controllable cock 615.
  • the container 603 communicates through a duct 602, controllable cocks 605 and check valves 604 with each of the four working spaces.
  • FIGURES 4, 5 and 6 the communication between the buffer space and the working space is constituted by a duct and ducts respectively including check valves.
  • FIGURE 7 may advantageously be used.
  • a piston ring 718 is arranged in the piston 321 which ring, on its side facing the buffer chamber 700, is provided with grooves 719 which prevent a full engagement of that side of the piston ring with the piston.
  • the piston ring 718 counteracts flow of medium in the direction of the working space but permits flow of medium in the direction of the buffer chamber.
  • compressor 710 exhausts medium from the buffer space because the cock 715 is closed, the medium in the Working space may force the piston ring downward-s so that medium can flow from the working space to the butter chamber.
  • This piston ring operating as a check valve provides a considerable simplification in construction.
  • An apparatus including 'a hot-gas reciprocating engine provided with a Working space and a working medium therein, comprising a compressor, a storage container for said working medium communicating with the working space of said engine, said communication being an inlet duct provided with a first check valve, a medium outlet duct provided with a second check valve communieating at one end with said working space and at the other end with an inlet aperture of said compressor, a first duct between said storage container and the outlet aperture of said compressor including a third check valve, a second duct communicating with said first duct and with said medium outlet duct between said inlet aperture of said compressor and said second check valve, a controllable valve arranged in said second duct, said controllable valve being closed when the quantity by weight of said medium in said working space decreases and otherwise being open, the medium outlet duct having such a volume that when said controllable valve is open substantially no pressure variations occur therein.
  • An apparatus including a hot-gas reciprocating engine as claimed in claim 1 further comprising a butter chamber forming part of said medium outlet duct, and said second check valve opening in the direction of said buffer chamber and arranged between said working space and said butter chamber.
  • An apparatus including a hot-gas reciprocating engine 'as claimed in claim 2 wherein said second check valve is located between said buffer chamber and said working space and is constituted by at least one piston and one piston ring therein.
  • An apparatus including a hot-gas reciprocating engine comprising 'a plurality of working spaces in said engine and a plurality of buffer chambers therein, a compressor, a storage container for said working medium communicating with the working space of said engine, said communication being an inlet duct provided with a first check valve, a medium outlet duct provided with a second check valve communicating at one end with said working space and at the other end with an inlet aperture of said compressor, a first duct between said storage container and an outlet aperture of said compressor including a third check valve, a second duct communicating with said first duct and with said medium outlet duct between said inlet aperture of said compressor and said second check valve, 'a controllable valve arranged in said second duct, said controllable valve being closed when the quantity by weight of said medium in said working space decreases and otherwise being open, the medium outlet duct having such a volume that when said con trollable valve is open substantially no pressure variations occur therein, each of said butter chambers com municating at least through one check valve opening in the direction

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
  • Compressor (AREA)
US560673A 1965-07-19 1966-06-27 Hot-gas reciprocating engine Expired - Lifetime US3372539A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL6509299A NL6509299A (fr) 1965-07-19 1965-07-19

Publications (1)

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US3372539A true US3372539A (en) 1968-03-12

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Family Applications (1)

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US560673A Expired - Lifetime US3372539A (en) 1965-07-19 1966-06-27 Hot-gas reciprocating engine

Country Status (6)

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US (1) US3372539A (fr)
BE (1) BE684285A (fr)
DE (1) DE1476665B2 (fr)
GB (1) GB1166261A (fr)
NL (1) NL6509299A (fr)
SE (1) SE320845B (fr)

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3458994A (en) * 1967-12-19 1969-08-05 Gen Motors Corp Hot gas engine with improved gas pressure control
US3472037A (en) * 1967-01-25 1969-10-14 Philips Corp Hot-gas reciprocating engine
US3527049A (en) * 1967-11-03 1970-09-08 Vannevar Bush Compound stirling cycle engines
US3546877A (en) * 1967-12-01 1970-12-15 Philips Corp Hot-gas piston engine
US3699770A (en) * 1971-05-27 1972-10-24 Gen Motors Corp Stirling engine control system
DE2220454A1 (de) * 1971-05-04 1972-11-16 N. V. Philips Gloeilampenfabrieken, Eindhoven (Niederlande) Heißgaskolbenmaschine mit einem Kompressor
US3756018A (en) * 1970-11-21 1973-09-04 S Hakansson Varying the power output of stirling cycle engines
US3817035A (en) * 1971-07-07 1974-06-18 United Stirling Ab & Co Valve control means for changing working space volume in stirling cycle engine
US3859792A (en) * 1973-05-15 1975-01-14 Philips Corp Hot-gas reciprocating apparatus with power control device
US4375749A (en) * 1980-10-29 1983-03-08 Aisin Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha Multiple cylinder refrigeration apparatus
US4616479A (en) * 1985-11-26 1986-10-14 Goethberg Yngve R Power control system for a double-acting hot gas engine
US4677824A (en) * 1985-09-26 1987-07-07 Aisin Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha Output control apparatus for Stirling engines
US4706457A (en) * 1985-06-28 1987-11-17 Aisin Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha Apparatus for controlling working gas pressure in stirling engines
US4732000A (en) * 1986-03-27 1988-03-22 Aisin Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha Output control apparatus for stirling engines
US4738106A (en) * 1986-03-31 1988-04-19 Aisin Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha Starting apparatus for stirling engines
FR3022585A1 (fr) * 2014-06-19 2015-12-25 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Moteur a combustion de vehicule automobile a rendement ameliore

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2421398C2 (de) * 1974-05-03 1983-11-24 Audi Nsu Auto Union Ag, 7107 Neckarsulm Wärmekraftmaschine für den Antrieb eines Kraftfahrzeuges
DE2440889C2 (de) * 1974-08-27 1983-04-14 M.A.N. Maschinenfabrik Augsburg-Nürnberg AG, 8900 Augsburg Vorrichtung zur Regelung der von einer Heißgaskolbenmaschine abgegebenen Leistung

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2746241A (en) * 1951-05-12 1956-05-22 Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co Hot-gas reciprocating engine
US3036427A (en) * 1959-02-12 1962-05-29 Philips Corp Speed regulator for a hot gas reciprocating machine

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2746241A (en) * 1951-05-12 1956-05-22 Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co Hot-gas reciprocating engine
US3036427A (en) * 1959-02-12 1962-05-29 Philips Corp Speed regulator for a hot gas reciprocating machine

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3472037A (en) * 1967-01-25 1969-10-14 Philips Corp Hot-gas reciprocating engine
US3527049A (en) * 1967-11-03 1970-09-08 Vannevar Bush Compound stirling cycle engines
US3546877A (en) * 1967-12-01 1970-12-15 Philips Corp Hot-gas piston engine
US3458994A (en) * 1967-12-19 1969-08-05 Gen Motors Corp Hot gas engine with improved gas pressure control
US3756018A (en) * 1970-11-21 1973-09-04 S Hakansson Varying the power output of stirling cycle engines
DE2220454A1 (de) * 1971-05-04 1972-11-16 N. V. Philips Gloeilampenfabrieken, Eindhoven (Niederlande) Heißgaskolbenmaschine mit einem Kompressor
US3699770A (en) * 1971-05-27 1972-10-24 Gen Motors Corp Stirling engine control system
US3817035A (en) * 1971-07-07 1974-06-18 United Stirling Ab & Co Valve control means for changing working space volume in stirling cycle engine
US3859792A (en) * 1973-05-15 1975-01-14 Philips Corp Hot-gas reciprocating apparatus with power control device
US4375749A (en) * 1980-10-29 1983-03-08 Aisin Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha Multiple cylinder refrigeration apparatus
US4706457A (en) * 1985-06-28 1987-11-17 Aisin Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha Apparatus for controlling working gas pressure in stirling engines
US4677824A (en) * 1985-09-26 1987-07-07 Aisin Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha Output control apparatus for Stirling engines
US4616479A (en) * 1985-11-26 1986-10-14 Goethberg Yngve R Power control system for a double-acting hot gas engine
US4732000A (en) * 1986-03-27 1988-03-22 Aisin Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha Output control apparatus for stirling engines
US4738106A (en) * 1986-03-31 1988-04-19 Aisin Seiki Kabushiki Kaisha Starting apparatus for stirling engines
FR3022585A1 (fr) * 2014-06-19 2015-12-25 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Moteur a combustion de vehicule automobile a rendement ameliore

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1476665A1 (de) 1969-10-16
BE684285A (fr) 1967-01-18
DE1476665B2 (de) 1976-10-21
GB1166261A (en) 1969-10-08
NL6509299A (fr) 1967-01-20
SE320845B (fr) 1970-02-16

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