US2107917A - Shuttle tension - Google Patents

Description

Feb. 8, 1938. w. A. mo 2,107,917

SHUTTLE TENSION Filed March 3, 1936 ma? J2 71950 A TTORNEYS.

Patented Feb. 8, 1938 UNITED (STATES- PATENT OFFICE SHUTTLE TENSION William A. Tebo, Anthony, R. 1.

, Application March 3, 1936, Serial No. 66,839 I Claims. ;(01. 139-217) This invention relates to weaving shuttles and has for one of its objects the provision'of an improved yarn tension device for applying tension 7 to the filling yarn in such a Way as to permit the 5 yarn to be threaded into thefshuttle eye more easily than in any prior tensiondevic'es which provide, for an equivalent amount of tension. Another object of the invention is to provide "tension means which will not-tend to push the twist'back, when hardtwisted yarn is utilized; a

form dividing the total tension among a plurality of tension-applying units that, if one unit should become unthreaded or ineffective for its intended purpose, sufficient tension will still be applied to the yarn by the other unit or units to prevent serious defects in thefabric, and so that each such individual unit neednot grip the yarn so firmly as when a single unit only is employed whereby slubs or knots are enabled to enter and pass through the tension device without breaking the yarn or causing shiners in the cloth, defects comrnonly resulting from excessive tension such that knots or slubs catch in the tenion device and are retarded thereby. y I v Further objects of the invention are to provide toprovide tension means such as to prevent breakage of a filament or filaments when multifilament yarnis employed; to provide an improved tension device such that slack pickswill .not occur; to provides, tension device such that the fur tension, which is commonly provided in shuttles for weaving certain types 'of'goods, may be reducedinamount? or eliminated, thus .per- Jmitting the shuttle, especially when of automatic type, to be more easily threaded and also avoiding the necessity of combing up or rejuvenating thefur at frequent intervals, as. is necessary when a fur tension is used; and to provide a tension of a'type whichwill distribute thetension- 'ing'pressure upon the yarn over a substantial length of the yarn as it is drawn'from' the bobbin V 1; inithe shuttle chamber, instead of localizing the pressure at one point, as is common. Other objects and, advantages of the invention will be made manifest hereinafterin the I ffollowing more detailed description and by refv erence to the accompanying drawing in which:

' of an automatic shuttle with a modified form of of the shuttle or where inferior yarn is being used able in automatic shuttles where the yarn enters mechanical tension which exists in shuttles into a plurality of parts and cause each of these parts Fig. 5 is a perspective view of one of the tension members;

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the opposite surface of one of the tension members, a pair of tion of a regular shuttle, showing my tension mounted in the block inserted in the throat portion of the shuttle;

Fig. 9 is a top plan view of the threading block tension mounted therein;

Fig. 10. is a section on the line I 0l0 of Fig. 9; Fig. 11 is a section on the line I l-l I of Fig. 10; Fig. 12 is a perspective view of one of the tension members, showing its face-engaging surfaces for contacting the yarn, andthe bar connecting the members;

Fig. 13 is a sectional view similar to Fig. 3, but modified by showing springs on both of said pairs of tension members. m In the use of shuttles, considerable difiiculty has been experienced with the tension at the throat portion adjacent the bobbin chamber whichv sometimes interferes with the threading causes knots or slubs in the yarn to break the yarn or else to cause shiners in the cloth; also, some tenion may become unthreaded causing a slack pickwhich ruins the cloth. Such difliculty in threading is particularly detrimental and notice- 35 and threads automatically when one bobbin is transferred intothe shuttle to replace an empty bobbin, and various means have been experimented with to overcome these difiiculties. At 40 times some means have been inserted over which the yarn will'drag; but this is unsatisfactory when the yarn rises and is out of contact with such friction surface. At times a friction has been used so that the yarn will engage the same at the time of the first pick, but after the yarn becomes threaded in the shuttle such tension no longer acts. In order to overcome these difficulties and provide and improved tension, I have divided the to engage the yarn with less tension than a single mechanical unit heretofore provided, but the sum of the tension of the plurality of units or ,contacting surfaces .will be equal to the tension heretofore used or may, where cases require it;

be increased without the detrimental effects which have heretofore been present in the increasing of the tension where a single mechanical unit has been used; and the following is a more detailed description of the present embodiment of this invention, illustrating the preferred means by which these advantageous results may be accomplished; f a I With reference to the drawing, I will first point out that the tension which is the subject of this invention, is applicable to the regular shuttle, the hand-threading shuttle and the automatic shuttle, and I have shown the invention in each one of these three types of shuttles, and have shown one modification in connection with an automatic shuttle, although it will be readily apparent that the same may be applied to the hand-threading or regular shuttle in a manner similar to that. illustrated and spoken of above. With reference to the drawing, designates the holy portion of the shuttle having a bobbin chamber 16 with a bobbin 11 positioned therein and a filling l8 wound on the bobbin. The eye of the shuttle is designated [9 in Fig. 4 with guide, posts 20 and 2| of porcelain or some wearresistin'g material, as is usual. 7

The threading block 22 is of a known type 'except that it may be extended to provide a somewhat long'er'extent at the throat portion :23 to accommodate a plurality of friction units which are the subject of this invention. In threading, the yarn 24 as it is drawn from the bobbin I1 is caused first to be drawn down under the horns 25 on the first pick andthen into the eye l6 of the shuttle on the second pick of the shuttle, in a known manner.

In thisextended portion 23 of the threading block 22there are arranged two or more thread tensioning devices. each comprising a pair of thread-engaging elements designed to contact opposite sides respectively of the thread on its" way from the bobbin chamber to the shuttle eye,

each such element being of substantially the structure shown in Fig. 5 and Fig. 6. The body portion of each element 26 is flanged as at 21 and provided with an'o'penin'g 28 of a sufficient size loosely to mount the elements 26 upon a pin 29 having an enlarged threaded head portion 30 ,slotted'as at 3|. bore 32 'inone side wall of the block 22, the oppo- Jsite'end entering "a bore 33 in the opposite. side This head engages a threaded wall for "firmly mounting this pin in position.

The upper end of each of the members 26 is r directed backwardlyas at 34 from the face 35 of the member and enters an opening 36 in a bushing 31 supported in a bore 38 in'the side wall of ,the block at its portions 23, and each of these backwardly extending portions 34 is flanged as at 39 so as to engage and both tosupport and guide the member and permit it to be movable to some extent in its mounted position.

One of the members 26 engages an abutment stud 40 to prevent its movement in one direc- I 'e' pair or members just described'const'itute one unit which I will designate generally and I multiply these units in any desired number, there being shown a second unit 46, see Fig. 2, although additional units may be provided whereby the tension is distributed rather than localized in one place.v

In Fig.7 the hand threading shuttle 52 is shown as having the throat portion 5! which is necessarily of a shape diiierent from; that of the shuttle using the automatic threading block, but the block 56 is also removable and contains tension units 45 and 46 which are substantially identical with the threading units just described.

In Fig. 8 I have illustrated a regular shuttle 54 having a block 56 for supporting the tension units 45 and 46 which are identical with the units 45 and. 46 of the automatic shuttle above described. Here, of course, the thread is passed into the throat 51 and a hook is used to draw the thread through the shuttle eye.

In Figs. 9, 10, 11 and 12 a different or modified form of tension is shown.- In this arrangement a duplex tension member is disposed at each side of the thread on its way through the shuttle, each such duplex tension member comprising a pair of spaced thread engaging elements 6'! and 62 which are rigidly joined together as by a bar60. The bar 66 is set back from the plane of the threadengaging surfaces of the elements 6! and 62 so as not to engage the thread. A threaded abutment stud 63 is provided to back up each of the elements 6| and 62 which are at one side of the thread while a single spring 64 is arranged to engage the bar on the other side and to force the two thread-engaging elements 6! and 62 to which it is attached toward their corresponding opposed members. This spring reacts between ablock 65 and the bar 66 and the block 65 may, if desired, 'be adjusted longitudinally of the shuttle by ascrew 66 having a slotted head 61. This screw passes through the block 65, and

its inner end is mounted for rotation in a suitable bore 68 in'"the side wall 23 of the block 22 and is held'in adjusted position by a set screw 69.

By this means a single springserves'to apply the tension to the several tension. devices, and

:the relative'tension exerted by the respectivepairs of opposed -thread-engaging elements may 'than'the other of the latter. Abutment studs 63 in'this'casemay be adjusted to vary the total tension. If desired, additional adjusting means may be interposed between the spring and the block 65. A vertical slot 10 in one side wall of the block facilitates the assembly'of the. tension device with the block. f V 1 As a modification'of the construction of Fig. 3, abutment springs'4l, adjustable by members 42,

may be positioned back of each of the members 26 at positions corresponding to those of the studs 46 or 63, which willassist in. easy threading of the tension'members and man-easier action when a slub or knot comes incontact with the tension members. 7

By-this arrangement of tension I mayadjust either pair, of members individuallyas shown in *Figs. 1 to 6, so as to provide-the same or difierent tensions. Itis somewhat preferable to have a.

gradually increasing tension, as this facilitates easy threading. However, in some cases it may be preferred to have the same tension at both pairs of units. The arrangement illustratedin Figs. I0 to 12 inclusive provides:v for relatively varying thetehsio'n between the "two tension 'devices by moving the single spring along the bar so as to exert more tension at one of the tension devices than at the other, thus permitting a gradually increasing or a gradually decreasing tension to be secured, as desired.

The improved constructions herein described not only make the shuttle easier to thread but are easier on the yarn, thereby resulting in less breakage, particularly when filament yarns of the artificial cellulose derivative type are employed for the reason, as above pointed out, that slubs or knots in the inferior grades of yarn are permitted to passv without breaking the yarn or causing shiners such as result from excessive friction and tension.

The foregoing description is directed solely towards the construction illustrated, but I desire it to be understood that I reserve the privilege of resorting to all the mechanical changes to which the device is susceptible, the invention being defined and limited only by the terms of the appended claims.

I claim:

1'. In a shuttle having a bobbin chamber, a thread eye, a plurality of spaced mechanical tenwsion devices for engaging the yarn in working position, each tension device comprising a pair of thread-engaging elements mounted for movement toward and from each other, spring means common to the several tension devices operative to urge the elements of each pair toward each other, means for adjusting the tension applied by the spring means so as simultaneously to vary to the same degree the tension exerted by each pair of elements upon the thread, and means for moving the point of application of said spring means with reference to the several pairs of elements thereby relatively to vary the tension exerted by the respective tension devices.

2. In a shuttle having a bobbin chamber, a thread eye, a plurality of spaced pairs of threadengaging elements having friction surfaces for engaging and squeezing the thread between them, a bar joining the several elements which are disposed at one side of the thread, and a second bar joining the several elements which are disposed at the other side of the thread, said bars being constructed and arrangedto receive applied force and to transmit it to each of the tension elements connected to the respective bar.

3. In a shuttle having a bobbin chamber, a thread eye, a plurality of spaced pairs of threadengaging elements having friction surfaces for engaging and squeezing the thread between them, a bar joining the several elements which are disposed at one side of the thread, a single spring engaging said bar, the spring being operative to urge both of the elements connected to the bar toward the opposed elements, and means for adjusting said spring longitudinally of the bar thereby relatively to vary the tension exerted by the several pairs of elements.

4. In a shuttle having a bobbin chamber, a thread eye, a plurality of spaced pairs of threadengaging elements having friction surfaces for engaging and squeezing the thread between them, bars rigidly joining the several elements which are disposed at opposite sides of the thread, respectively, whereby force applied to either bar is transmitted to the elements joined to said bar, resilient means engaging one bar, and adjustable but non-resilient means engaging the elements united by the opposite bar for varying the normal positions of said elements.

5. In a shuttle having a bobbin chamber and a thread eye, a plurality of pairs of spaced tension plates for engaging the yarn in working position, the plates of each pair being constructed and arranged to engage the opposite sides of one section of the yarn, and yieldable means for urging one of the plates of each pair toward the opposite plate, said means and the plates being arranged so that the plates impose different and progressively increasing tension on the yarn passing between the plates of successive pairs on its Way from the bobbin chamber to the eye.

WILLIAM A. TEBO.

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