US2088592A - Recoil mechanism for guns - Google Patents

Description

Aug. 3, 1937. D. A. GURNEY 2,088,592

RECQIL MECHANISM FOR GUNS Filed June 19, 1955 Davtun Adj-21w w Attmrn Patented Aug. 3, 1937 STATES PATENT QFFEQE 2 Claims.

(Granted under the act of March 3, 1883, as amended April 30, 1928; 370 0. G. 757) The invention described herein may be manufactured and used by or for the Government for governmental purposes, without the payment to me of any royalty thereon.

This invention relates to a recoil mechanism for guns and more particularly it has reference to the regulator of such a mechanism.

In recoil mechanisms of the hydropneumatic type the retarding influence is exercised by means of a liquid which is obliged to pass through an orifice whose size is diminished as the movement proceeds, thereby checking the recoiling mass. The liquid acts through a floating piston to compress a gas whose expansive force is utilized to restore the gun into battery.

The regulator of this mechanism includes a spring-held valve which is opened by the liquid at the commencement of recoil and which is supposed to be closed by its spring at the commencement of counterrecoil. Due to the pressure in the system the valve is slow in closing and as a consequence the initial movement in counterrecoil is too rapid.

The object of this invention is to construct and arrange the valve so that it will be immediately closed at the proper time through the action of its spring supplemented by the liquid under pressure for the purpose of obtaining a smooth and regulated initial movement in counterrecoil.

3 To these and other ends, the invention consists in the construction, arrangement and combination of elements described hereinafter and pointed out in the claims forming a part of this specification.

35 A practical embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawing, where- Fig. 1 is a transverse longitudinal sectional view through the recoil mechanism.

Fig. 2 is a detail sectional View on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a detail sectional view on the line 3-3 of Fi 2.

There is shown a part of a gun cradle including parallel cylinders 5 and 6 which are in fluid communication through the port I. A piston 8 in the cylinder 5 has its rod extending through one end for attachment to a gun lug 9 so that on recoil of the gun the piston is retracted in the accustomed manner to force a fluid such as oil from the cylinder 5 into the cylinder 6.

The mechanism in the cylinder 6 consists essentially of a tubular regulator I0 having its rear end attached as at II to the cylinder in rear 55 of the port I and having an annular flange I2 adjacent its front end for carrying a sleeve I3 which constitutes a head fitting in the cylinder. A throttling bar I4 movable in the regulator passes through an orifice I5 in the front end It of the sleeve and is carried by a floating piston I! which is fitted in the cylinder in front of the sleeve. The piston I1 divides the cylinder 6 into a rear oil chamber I8 and a front air or gas chamber I9.

The annular flange I2 of the regulator is provided with passages 20 for conducting the oil to the floating piston H. An annular valve seat 2i is provided on the regulator in front of the passages 20 and is adapted to be engaged by a tubular valve 22.

The valve is supported and guided by a flange 23 on its rear end which fits in the sleeve I3 and by means of its front end 24 which flts in a recess 25 in the front end I8 of the sleeve I3. The valve is movably held in closed position by a spring 26 embracing the valve and confined between the flange 23 and the end I6 of the sleeve I3. The wall of the valve is provided with apertures 21 which serve to prevent trapping of the oil.

An annular rib 28 is formed on the inner. wall of the valve and is preferably positioned forward- 1y of the front end of the regulator when the valve is either opened or closed. An annular rib 29 is likewise formed on the front extremity of the valve and has a beveled rear face 30.

The inner Wall of the regulator is formed with grooves 3 I. For purposes of illustration fluid passages 32 are provided in the rear end of the regulater.

In operation, when the gun is fired it moves to the rear in recoil and retracts the piston B which forces the oil in the cylinder 5 through the port I and into the chamber I8 of the cylinder 6. The oil under pressure flows through the passages 20, unseats the valve 22, and is forced through the throttling orifice I5. The oil on leaving the regulator acts on the rear face of the floating piston I! and moves it forwardly to compress the air or gas in the chamber I9. The movement of the piston produces Withdrawal of the throttling bar It which gradually diminishes the effective opening of the orifice I5.

When the parts are brought to rest the compressed fluid in the chamber I9 reacts on the floating piston to drive it rearwardly and force the oil back through the orifice I5. At the commencement of the counterrecoil movement the spring 26 should immediately move the valve 22 to closed position but as it is necessarily slow in action due to the pressure in the system, the oil being forced rearwardly by the floating piston is used to assist in closing of the valve by acting on the rib 28 which serves as a bafile.

With the valve closed the oil is throttled through the grooves 31 and flows through the passages 32 whence it is available to act on the piston 8 and thereby return the gun into battery.

I claim:

1. In a recoil mechanism, a cylinder, at regulator within the cylinder and having a head fitting the cylinder, a valve seat in the head, a tubular valve supported at its front and rear ends in the head, a spring on the outside of the tubular valve for normally holding the valve on its seat, an internal annular rib on the sleeve positioned. intermediate its ends, and an internal rib on the end of the tubular valve and having a beveled face on the side towards: the valve seat. '2. In a recoil mechanism, a cylinder, a regulator within the cylinder and having a head fitting the cylinder, a valve seat in the head, a tubular valve supported at its front and rear ends in the head and having one end portion for engaging the valve seat, a spring on the outside of the tubular valve for normally holding the tubular valve on its seat, and an internal annular rib on the other end portion of the tubular valve.

DAYTON A. GURNEY.

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