US20110088821A1 - Pneumatic tire - Google Patents
Pneumatic tire Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20110088821A1 US20110088821A1 US12/897,414 US89741410A US2011088821A1 US 20110088821 A1 US20110088821 A1 US 20110088821A1 US 89741410 A US89741410 A US 89741410A US 2011088821 A1 US2011088821 A1 US 2011088821A1
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- Prior art keywords
- edge
- tread
- wall
- equator
- radially outer
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C11/00—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts
- B60C11/03—Tread patterns
- B60C11/0302—Tread patterns directional pattern, i.e. with main rolling direction
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C11/00—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts
- B60C11/03—Tread patterns
- B60C11/13—Tread patterns characterised by the groove cross-section, e.g. for buttressing or preventing stone-trapping
- B60C11/1307—Tread patterns characterised by the groove cross-section, e.g. for buttressing or preventing stone-trapping with special features of the groove walls
- B60C11/1315—Tread patterns characterised by the groove cross-section, e.g. for buttressing or preventing stone-trapping with special features of the groove walls having variable inclination angles, e.g. warped groove walls
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C11/00—Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts
- B60C11/03—Tread patterns
- B60C11/13—Tread patterns characterised by the groove cross-section, e.g. for buttressing or preventing stone-trapping
- B60C11/1376—Three dimensional block surfaces departing from the enveloping tread contour
- B60C11/1392—Three dimensional block surfaces departing from the enveloping tread contour with chamfered block edges
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a pneumatic tire with tread blocks, more particularly to a configuration of the block capable of improving the block rigidity without sacrificing the drainage performance.
- an object of the present invention to provide a pneumatic tire, in which the block rigidity is increased to improve the steering stability, without sacrificing the drainage or while improving the drainage.
- a pneumatic tire has a unidirectional tread pattern and comprises a tread portion ( 2 ) provided on each side of the tire equator (C) with a plurality of blocks ( 5 ), each defined by
- an equator-side longitudinal groove ( 3 A), a tread-edge-side longitudinal groove ( 3 B), a heel-side transverse groove ( 4 A), and a toe-side transverse groove ( 4 B) to have an equator-side longitudinal wall surface ( 8 a ) with a first radially outer edge ( 9 a ) and a first radially inner edge ( 10 a ), a tread-edge-side longitudinal wall surface ( 8 b ) with a second radially outer edge ( 9 b ) and a second radially inner edge ( 10 b ), a heel-side transverse wall surface ( 8 c ) with a third radially outer edge ( 9 c ) and a third radially inner edge ( 10 c ), a toe-side transverse wall surface ( 8 d ) with a fourth radially outer edge ( 9 d ) and a fourth radially inner edge ( 10 d ), and a top surface ( 7 ), wherein
- FIG. 1 is a developed partial plan view of a pneumatic tire according to the present invention showing a tread pattern.
- FIG. 2 is a closeup of a part of FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 3 is a top view of a block configured according to the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of the block.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of the block from different angle.
- FIG. 6 is a developed partial plan view of a pneumatic tire according to the present invention showing a tread pattern which is a modification of that shown in FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 7 is a developed partial plan view similar to FIGS. 1 and 6 , showing a tread pattern used in the undermentioned comparison tests.
- pneumatic tire comprises a tread portion 2 provided on each side of the tire equator C with a plurality of blocks 5 in at least one circumferential row.
- Each of the blocks 5 is defined by an equator-side longitudinal groove 3 A, a tread-edge-side longitudinal groove 3 B, a heel-side transverse groove 4 A, and a toe-side transverse groove 4 B which grooves continue to surround the block 5 .
- the heel-side transverse groove 4 A and toe-side transverse groove 4 B are positioned on one side and the other side of the block 5 , respectively, in one circumferential direction.
- the tread portion 2 can be provided with other blocks. Further, aside from blocks (independent tread elements), a rib (circumferentially continuous tread element) may be disposed in the tread portion.
- FIG. 1 showing an embodiment of the present invention
- the tread pattern is a block pattern.
- the tread pattern is formed as a unidirectional tread pattern having an intended or designed rotational direction R for the tire.
- the longitudinal grooves 3 and transverse grooves 4 are arraigned substantially symmetrically about the tire equatorial line C. But, it is also possible to arrange the tread grooves 3 and 4 asymmetrically about the tire equatorial line C, for example such that the tread grooves on one side of the tire equator C are circumferentially sifted from those on the other side.
- the first longitudinal groove 3 a extends continuously in the tire circumferential direction.
- the second longitudinal grooves 3 b are inclined at a small inclination angle ⁇ with respect to the circumferential direction.
- the third longitudinal grooves 3 c are inclined at a larger inclination angle ⁇ than that of the longitudinal grooves 3 b.
- the inclining directions of the second and third longitudinal grooves 3 b and 3 c are such that, as the tire rotates in the above mentioned direction R, each groove 3 b , 3 c enters into the ground contacting patch from its axially inner end to axially outer end. Thus, the drainage from the axially inside to the axially outside of the tire is promoted.
- the transverse grooves 4 in this embodiment include: first transverse grooves 4 a extending between the first longitudinal grooves 3 a and the second longitudinal grooves 3 b ; second transverse grooves 4 b extending between the second longitudinal grooves 3 b and the third longitudinal grooves 3 c ; and third transverse grooves 4 c extending between the third longitudinal grooves 3 c and the tread edges Te.
- the first, second and third transverse grooves 4 a , 4 b and 4 c are inclined with respect to the tire axial direction at angles ⁇ 1 , ⁇ 2 and ⁇ 3 , respectively.
- the inclining directions of the first, second and third transverse grooves 4 a , 4 b and 4 c are such that, as the tire rotates in the above mentioned direction R, each groove 4 a , 4 b , 4 c enters into the ground contacting patch from its axially inner end to axially outer end. Thus, the drainage from the axially inside to the axially outside of the tire is promoted.
- each of the first transverse grooves 4 a is positioned near the axially inner end of one of the second transverse grooves 4 b , and
- each of the second transverse grooves 4 b is positioned near the axially inner end of one of the third transverse grooves 4 c.
- the steering stability may be improved.
- the angle ⁇ 1 of the first transverse grooves 4 a is not less than 50 degrees, more preferably not less than 60 degrees. If the angle ⁇ 1 is too large, the resistance of water flow towards the axially outside increases, therefore, the angle ⁇ 1 is preferably not more than 80 degrees, more preferably not more than 70 degrees.
- the widths w of the longitudinal grooves 3 and transverse grooves 4 are not less than 3 mm, preferably not less than 5 mm, but preferably not more than 20 mm, more preferably not more than 15 mm.
- the depths D of the longitudinal grooves 3 and transverse grooves 4 are not less than 1.5 mm, preferably not less than 3 mm, but preferably not more than 8 mm, more preferably not more than 6 mm.
- widths w and depths D can be changed in various ways.
- the tread portion 2 in this embodiment is provided on each side of the tire equator C with:
- first blocks 5 a defined by the first longitudinal groove 3 a , the second longitudinal grooves 3 b and the first transverse grooves 4 a and circumferentially arranged in a rows Br 1 ; second blocks 5 b defined by the second longitudinal grooves 3 b , the third longitudinal grooves 3 c and the second transverse grooves 4 b and circumferentially arranged in a rows Br 2 ; and third blocks 5 c defined by the third longitudinal grooves 3 c , the tread edge Te and the third transverse grooves 4 c and circumferentially arranged in a rows Br 3 .
- the equator-side longitudinal groove 3 A is the first longitudinal groove 3 a
- the equator-side longitudinal groove 3 A is one of the second longitudinal grooves 3 b
- the tread-edge-side longitudinal groove 3 B is one of the third longitudinal grooves 3 c
- the heel-side and toe-side transverse grooves 4 A and 4 B are two of the second transverse grooves 4 b.
- FIGS. 3 and 4 show the first block 5 a as an example of the block 5 according to the present invention.
- the blocks 5 has a top surface 7 contacting with the ground and four wall surfaces 8 which are:
- an equator-side longitudinal wall surface 8 a facing an equator-side longitudinal groove 3 A
- a tread-edge-side longitudinal wall surface 8 b facing a tread-edge-side longitudinal groove 3 B
- a heel-side transverse wall surface 8 c facing a heel-side transverse groove 4 A
- a toe-side transverse wall surface 8 d facing a toe-side transverse groove 4 B.
- the top surface 7 in this embodiment is substantially a parallelogram in the top plan view of the block.
- the equator-side longitudinal wall surface 8 a has
- first radially outer edge 9 a which is an intersection with the top surface 7
- first radially inner edge 10 a which is an intersection with the groove bottom 3 As of the equator-side longitudinal groove 3 A.
- first radially inner edge 10 a is defined by the intersection of the equator-side longitudinal wall surface 8 a with the surface of the chamfered part.
- a second radially inner edge 10 b which is an intersection with the groove bottom 3 Bs of the tread-edge-side longitudinal groove 3 B.
- the second radially inner edge 10 b is defined by the intersection of the tread-edge-side longitudinal wall surface 8 b with the surface of the chamfered part.
- the blocks 5 are formed to satisfy the following conditional expressions (1) and (2):
- ⁇ 1 U is the angle of the first radially outer edge 9 a
- ⁇ 1 L is the angle of the first radially inner edge 10 a
- ⁇ 2 U is the angle of the second radially outer edge 9 b
- ⁇ 2 L is the angle of the second radially inner edge 10 b, each with respect to the tire circumferential direction.
- the radially inner edges 10 a and 10 b extend at shallower angles with respect to the tire circumferential direction.
- Such configuration of the longitudinal wall surfaces can decrease the water flow resistance near the groove bottom in the equator-side longitudinal groove 3 A and the tread-edge-side longitudinal groove 3 B, and thereby the drainage is improved.
- the paired radially outer and inner edges 9 and 10 are intersect at a position outside the block.
- the height D of the block from each of the groove bottom surrounding the block is constant.
- Each of the longitudinal wall surfaces 8 a and 8 b is formed by a twisted curved surface.
- the equator-side block sidewall face 8 a becomes larger inclination angle, namely, gentler slope towards the toe side, but the tread-edge-side block sidewall face 8 b becomes larger inclination angle, namely, gentler slope towards the heel side.
- the first wall-surface slope angle ⁇ 1 formed between the equator-side longitudinal wall surface 8 a and a normal line (n) drawn to the top surface 7 at the first radially outer edge 9 a in a cross section of the block perpendicular to the first radially outer edge 9 a is gradually increased from the heel side to the toe side along the first radially outer edge 9 a.
- the second wall-surface slope angle ⁇ 2 formed between the tread-edge-side longitudinal wall surface 8 b and a normal line (n) drawn to the top surface 7 at the second radially outer edge 9 b in a cross section of the block perpendicular to the second radially outer edge 9 b is gradually increased from the toe side to the heel side along the second radially outer edge 9 b.
- an equator-side part of the block is increased in the bending rigidity gradually towards the toe side, and a tread-edge side part of the block is increased in the bending rigidity gradually towards the heel side. Therefore, the block rigidity is increased to improve the steering stability without deteriorating the drainage.
- the radially outer edges 9 a and 9 b and radially inner edges 10 a and 10 b are formed as straight lines.
- various nonlinear lines may be employed.
- the radially inner edges 10 a and 10 b can be formed as a curved line of which central portion slightly dents towards the inside of the block like a circular arc.
- the angle ⁇ 1 L of the first radially inner edge 10 a with respect to the tire circumferential direction is set to be more than 0 degree. Further, it is desirable from a point of view of the block rigidity that the angle ⁇ 1 L is set to be 5 degrees or more.
- the angle ⁇ 1 U of the first radially outer edge 9 a with respect to the tire circumferential direction is set to be more than the angle ⁇ 1 L.
- the angle difference ⁇ 1 U- ⁇ 1 L is set in a range of not less than 5 degrees, but not more than 15 degrees.
- the angle ⁇ 2 L of the second radially inner edge 10 b with respect to the tire circumferential direction is set to be more than 0 degree. It is desirable from a point of view of the block rigidity that the angle ⁇ 2 L is not less than 10 degrees.
- the angle ⁇ 2 U of the second radially outer edge 9 b with respect to the tire circumferential direction is set to be more than the angle ⁇ 2 L.
- the angle ⁇ 2 U becomes excessively increased, the top surface 7 of the block is decreased in the area and the land ratio is decreased, therefore the block rigidity is decreased, and the steering stability is deteriorated.
- the angle ⁇ 2 U of the second radially outer edge 9 b with respect to the tire circumferential direction is set to be not more than 45 degrees, more preferably not more than 35 degrees.
- the angle difference ⁇ 2 U- ⁇ 2 L is not less than 5 degrees, but not more than 15 degrees.
- first wall-surface slope angle ⁇ 1 and the second wall-surface slope angle ⁇ 2 if the angles ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 are too large, there is a possibility that the steering stability is deteriorated due to decrease in the land ratio. If the angles ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 are too small, it becomes difficult to increase the block rigidity.
- the angle difference ⁇ 1 k - ⁇ 1 c between the first wall-surface slope angle ⁇ 1 c at the heel-side end 5 CA and the first wall-surface slope angle ⁇ 1 k at the toe-side end 5 CB is set in a range of not less than 2 degrees, more preferably not less than 5 degrees, but not more than 45 degrees, more preferably not more than 20 degrees.
- a fourth radially outer edge 9 d which is an intersection with the top surface 7 and a fourth radially inner edge 10 d which is an intersection with the groove bottom of the toe-side transverse groove 4 B.
- the third radially inner edge 10 c and fourth radially inner edge 10 d are formed as a curved line of which central portion slightly dents towards the inside of the block like a circular arc.
- the transverse grooves 4 A, 4 B are partially increased in the groove volume, and the drainage can be improved while preventing the decrease in the land ratio.
- the blocks 5 configured according to the present invention are arranged in four circumferential rows (Br 2 , Br 1 , Br 1 , Br 2 ) of the blocks 5 a and 5 b .
- the blocks 5 can be arranged in two circumferential rows, for example as shown in FIG. 6 , as the above-mentioned tow rows Br 1 of the first blocks 5 a.
- Test tires provided with tread patterns based on that of FIG. 1 and having specifications shown in Table 1 were prepared and tested for the drainage performance and wear resistance.
- Japanese-made 4WD passenger car of 3500 cc displacement provided on all of the four wheels with test tires inflated to 230 KPa was prepared as a test car.
- the test car was run along a 100 meter radius circle on an asphalt road partially provided with a 10 mm depth 20 m long water pool, and the lateral acceleration (lateral G) during running in the water pool was measured at the front wheels, gradually increasing the speed entering into the water pool, to obtain the average for the speed range of from 50 to 80 km/h.
- the results are indicated in Table 1 by an index based on Ref.1 being 100, wherein the larger the value, the better the drainage performance.
- the test car was run on the dry asphalt road for 3000 km running. Then, with respect to each of three blocks, the difference between the maximum wear amount and minimum wear amount was measured, and the average of three values of the difference was obtained.
- the results are indicated in Table 1 by an index based on Ref.1 being 100, wherein the larger value indicates the higher uneven wear resistance, namely, the higher block rigidity.
- variable*2 ⁇ 4 const. const. const. const. const. const. const. const. const. const. const. variable*3 Test results Uneven wear resistance 100 110 90 115 110 110 110 113 117 Drainage performance 100 95 110 90 102 105 100 103 104 *1Relative values are indicated in percent based on Ref. 1 being 100%. *2gradually increased from tire equator-side to tread edge side *3gradually increased from tread edge side to tire equator-side
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Abstract
Description
- The present invention relates to a pneumatic tire with tread blocks, more particularly to a configuration of the block capable of improving the block rigidity without sacrificing the drainage performance.
- In the pneumatic tires provided in the tread portion with a block pattern formed by a plurality of blocks, the following methods have been employed in order to increase the rigidity of the blocks to thereby improve the steering stability of the tire and the wear resistance of the tread portion:
-
- to increase the land ratio the block pattern (namely, to form the tread grooves with narrow widths);
- to form the tread grooves with shallow depths; and/or
- to form the wall surfaces (or side walls) of the blocks with gentle slopes.
- In each method, however, it is inevitable that the tread grooves' volume is decreased. Accordingly, there is a possibility that drainage of the tread grooves, specifically aquaplaning performance, is deteriorated. Thus, the block rigidity and drainage are antinomic, and it was difficult to satisfy both of them.
- It is therefore, an object of the present invention to provide a pneumatic tire, in which the block rigidity is increased to improve the steering stability, without sacrificing the drainage or while improving the drainage.
- According to the present invention, a pneumatic tire has a unidirectional tread pattern and comprises a tread portion (2) provided on each side of the tire equator (C) with a plurality of blocks (5), each defined by
- an equator-side longitudinal groove (3A),
a tread-edge-side longitudinal groove (3B),
a heel-side transverse groove (4A), and
a toe-side transverse groove (4B) to have
an equator-side longitudinal wall surface (8 a) with a first radially outer edge (9 a) and a first radially inner edge (10 a),
a tread-edge-side longitudinal wall surface (8 b) with a second radially outer edge (9 b) and a second radially inner edge (10 b),
a heel-side transverse wall surface (8 c) with a third radially outer edge (9 c) and a third radially inner edge (10 c),
a toe-side transverse wall surface (8 d) with a fourth radially outer edge (9 d) and a fourth radially inner edge (10 d), and
a top surface (7), wherein -
- the angle α1U of the first radially outer edge (9 a),
the angle α1 b of the first radially inner edge (10 a),
the angle α2U of the second radially outer edge (9 b) and
the angle α2L of the second radially inner edge (10 b),
each with respect to the tire circumferential direction,
satisfy the following four conditional expressions:
- the angle α1U of the first radially outer edge (9 a),
-
0≦α1L<α1U≦45, (1) -
0<α2L<α2U≦45, (2) -
α1L<α2L, and (3) -
α1U<α2U. (4) -
FIG. 1 is a developed partial plan view of a pneumatic tire according to the present invention showing a tread pattern. -
FIG. 2 is a closeup of a part ofFIG. 1 . -
FIG. 3 is a top view of a block configured according to the present invention. -
FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of the block. -
FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of the block from different angle. -
FIG. 6 is a developed partial plan view of a pneumatic tire according to the present invention showing a tread pattern which is a modification of that shown inFIG. 1 . -
FIG. 7 is a developed partial plan view similar toFIGS. 1 and 6 , showing a tread pattern used in the undermentioned comparison tests. - Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
- According to the present invention, pneumatic tire comprises a
tread portion 2 provided on each side of the tire equator C with a plurality ofblocks 5 in at least one circumferential row. - Each of the
blocks 5 is defined by an equator-sidelongitudinal groove 3A, a tread-edge-sidelongitudinal groove 3B, a heel-sidetransverse groove 4A, and a toe-sidetransverse groove 4B which grooves continue to surround theblock 5. - The meanings of the expressions “equator-side”, “tread-edge-side”, “heel-side” and “toe-side” are as follows:
- “equator-side”: axially inside with respect to the concerned block
- “tread-edge-side”: axially outside with respect to the concerned block
- “heel-side” and “toe-side”; one side and the other side with respect to the concerned block in one circumferential direction
Thus, the equator-sidelongitudinal groove 3A and tread-edge-sidelongitudinal groove 3B are positioned on the axially inside and axially outside of theblock 5, respectively. - The heel-side
transverse groove 4A and toe-sidetransverse groove 4B are positioned on one side and the other side of theblock 5, respectively, in one circumferential direction. - In addition to this type of
block 5, thetread portion 2 can be provided with other blocks. Further, aside from blocks (independent tread elements), a rib (circumferentially continuous tread element) may be disposed in the tread portion. - In
FIG. 1 showing an embodiment of the present invention, on each side of the tire equator C, there are disposed two rows Br1, Br2 of the blocks 5 (5 a, 5 b), and one row Br3 of anotherblocks 5 c. There is no rib, therefore, the tread pattern is a block pattern. - In this embodiment, the
tread portion 2 is provided with tread grooves including: longitudinal grooves 3 extending in the tire circumferential direction; and transverse grooves 4 extending in the tire axial direction, and thereby thetread portion 2 is divided into the blocks 5(5 a, 5 b) and 5 c. - In order to effectively derive drainage performance from the tread grooves, the tread pattern is formed as a unidirectional tread pattern having an intended or designed rotational direction R for the tire.
- In the example of the tread pattern shown in
FIG. 1 , the longitudinal grooves 3 and transverse grooves 4 are arraigned substantially symmetrically about the tire equatorial line C. But, it is also possible to arrange the tread grooves 3 and 4 asymmetrically about the tire equatorial line C, for example such that the tread grooves on one side of the tire equator C are circumferentially sifted from those on the other side. - The longitudinal grooves 3 in this embodiment include: a first
longitudinal groove 3 a disposed along the tire equator C; and axially inner secondlongitudinal grooves 3 b and axially outer thirdlongitudinal grooves 3 c disposed on each side of the tire equator C. - The first
longitudinal groove 3 a extends continuously in the tire circumferential direction. - The second
longitudinal grooves 3 b are inclined at a small inclination angle β with respect to the circumferential direction. The thirdlongitudinal grooves 3 c are inclined at a larger inclination angle β than that of thelongitudinal grooves 3 b. - The inclining directions of the second and third
longitudinal grooves groove - The transverse grooves 4 in this embodiment include: first
transverse grooves 4 a extending between the firstlongitudinal grooves 3 a and the secondlongitudinal grooves 3 b; secondtransverse grooves 4 b extending between the secondlongitudinal grooves 3 b and the thirdlongitudinal grooves 3 c; and thirdtransverse grooves 4 c extending between the thirdlongitudinal grooves 3 c and the tread edges Te. - The first, second and third
transverse grooves - Here, the angle γ is defined as that of the widthwise center line of the transverse groove at the groove bottom.
- The inclining directions of the first, second and third
transverse grooves groove - In order for smooth drainage from the tread center to the tread edges, the axially outer end of each of the first
transverse grooves 4 a is positioned near the axially inner end of one of the secondtransverse grooves 4 b, and - the axially outer end of each of the second
transverse grooves 4 b is positioned near the axially inner end of one of the thirdtransverse grooves 4 c. - It is desirable that the transverse grooves 4 (4 a, 4 b, 4 c) are decreased in the inclination angles γ(γ1, γ2, γ3) gradually from the axially inside to the axially outside of the tire (In this embodiment, γ1>γ2>γ3).
- Thereby, the water flow resistance is decreased, and the drainage from the axially inside to the axially outside is further promoted.
- Further, as the block rigidity is increased gradually from the axially inside to the axially outside, the steering stability may be improved.
- Preferably, the angle γ1 of the first
transverse grooves 4 a is not less than 50 degrees, more preferably not less than 60 degrees. If the angle γ1 is too large, the resistance of water flow towards the axially outside increases, therefore, the angle γ1 is preferably not more than 80 degrees, more preferably not more than 70 degrees. - Preferably, the angle γ3 of the third
transverse grooves 4 c is not more than 40 degrees, more preferably not more than 20 degrees (inclusive of 0 degree). - In the case of passenger car tires, for example, the widths w of the longitudinal grooves 3 and transverse grooves 4 are not less than 3 mm, preferably not less than 5 mm, but preferably not more than 20 mm, more preferably not more than 15 mm.
- The depths D of the longitudinal grooves 3 and transverse grooves 4 are not less than 1.5 mm, preferably not less than 3 mm, but preferably not more than 8 mm, more preferably not more than 6 mm.
- These values are only for example. The widths w and depths D can be changed in various ways.
- By the longitudinal grooves 3 and transverse grooves 4, the
tread portion 2 in this embodiment is provided on each side of the tire equator C with: -
first blocks 5 a defined by the firstlongitudinal groove 3 a, the secondlongitudinal grooves 3 b and the firsttransverse grooves 4 a and circumferentially arranged in a rows Br1;
second blocks 5 b defined by the secondlongitudinal grooves 3 b, the thirdlongitudinal grooves 3 c and the secondtransverse grooves 4 b and circumferentially arranged in a rows Br2; and
third blocks 5 c defined by the thirdlongitudinal grooves 3 c, the tread edge Te and the thirdtransverse grooves 4 c and circumferentially arranged in a rows Br3. - Thus, in the case of the
first block 5 a, the equator-sidelongitudinal groove 3A is the firstlongitudinal groove 3 a, - the tread-edge-side
longitudinal groove 3B is one of the secondlongitudinal grooves 3 b, and
the heel-side and toe-sidetransverse grooves transverse grooves 4 a. - In the case of the
second block 5 b, - the equator-side
longitudinal groove 3A is one of the secondlongitudinal grooves 3 b,
the tread-edge-sidelongitudinal groove 3B is one of the thirdlongitudinal grooves 3 c, and
the heel-side and toe-sidetransverse grooves transverse grooves 4 b. -
FIGS. 3 and 4 show thefirst block 5 a as an example of theblock 5 according to the present invention. - As shown in
FIG. 3 , theblocks 5 has atop surface 7 contacting with the ground and four wall surfaces 8 which are: - an equator-side
longitudinal wall surface 8 a facing an equator-sidelongitudinal groove 3A,
a tread-edge-sidelongitudinal wall surface 8 b facing a tread-edge-sidelongitudinal groove 3B,
a heel-sidetransverse wall surface 8 c facing a heel-sidetransverse groove 4A, and
a toe-sidetransverse wall surface 8 d facing a toe-sidetransverse groove 4B. - The
top surface 7 in this embodiment is substantially a parallelogram in the top plan view of the block. - The equator-side
longitudinal wall surface 8 a has - a first radially
outer edge 9 a which is an intersection with thetop surface 7, and
a first radiallyinner edge 10 a which is an intersection with the groove bottom 3As of the equator-sidelongitudinal groove 3A. In the case that the corner between the groove bottom 3As and the equator-sidelongitudinal wall surface 8 a is rounded or chamfered, the above mentioned first radiallyinner edge 10 a is defined by the intersection of the equator-sidelongitudinal wall surface 8 a with the surface of the chamfered part. - The tread-edge-side
longitudinal wall surface 8 b has a second radiallyouter edge 9 b which is an intersection with thetop surface 7, and - a second radially
inner edge 10 b which is an intersection with the groove bottom 3Bs of the tread-edge-sidelongitudinal groove 3B. In the case that the corner between the groove bottom 3Bs and the tread-edge-sidelongitudinal wall surface 8 b is rounded or chamfered, the second radiallyinner edge 10 b is defined by the intersection of the tread-edge-sidelongitudinal wall surface 8 b with the surface of the chamfered part. - In this embodiment, the radially
outer edges inner edges - The
blocks 5 are formed to satisfy the following conditional expressions (1) and (2): -
0≦α1L<α1U≦45 (1) -
0<α2L<α2U≦45 (2) - wherein
α1U is the angle of the first radiallyouter edge 9 a,
α1L is the angle of the first radiallyinner edge 10 a,
α2U is the angle of the second radiallyouter edge 9 b, and
α2L is the angle of the second radiallyinner edge 10 b,
each with respect to the tire circumferential direction. - As explained above, in both of the equator-side
longitudinal wall surface 8 a and the tread-edge-sidelongitudinal wall surface 8 b, in comparison with the radiallyouter edges inner edges - Such configuration of the longitudinal wall surfaces can decrease the water flow resistance near the groove bottom in the equator-side
longitudinal groove 3A and the tread-edge-sidelongitudinal groove 3B, and thereby the drainage is improved. - In the top plan view of the block, the paired radially outer and inner edges 9 and 10 are intersect at a position outside the block.
- In this embodiment, the height D of the block from each of the groove bottom surrounding the block is constant.
- Each of the longitudinal wall surfaces 8 a and 8 b is formed by a twisted curved surface.
- As to the slope or inclination in the groove's depthwise direction or tire radial direction,
- the equator-side
block sidewall face 8 a becomes larger inclination angle, namely, gentler slope towards the toe side, but the tread-edge-sideblock sidewall face 8 b becomes larger inclination angle, namely, gentler slope towards the heel side. - More specifically, as shown in
FIG. 4 , - the first wall-surface slope angle θ1 formed between the equator-side
longitudinal wall surface 8 a and a normal line (n) drawn to thetop surface 7 at the first radiallyouter edge 9 a in a cross section of the block perpendicular to the first radiallyouter edge 9 a is gradually increased from the heel side to the toe side along the first radiallyouter edge 9 a. - The second wall-surface slope angle θ2 formed between the tread-edge-side
longitudinal wall surface 8 b and a normal line (n) drawn to thetop surface 7 at the second radiallyouter edge 9 b in a cross section of the block perpendicular to the second radiallyouter edge 9 b is gradually increased from the toe side to the heel side along the second radiallyouter edge 9 b. - As a result, an equator-side part of the block is increased in the bending rigidity gradually towards the toe side, and a tread-edge side part of the block is increased in the bending rigidity gradually towards the heel side. Therefore, the block rigidity is increased to improve the steering stability without deteriorating the drainage.
- In view of the water flow resistance, it is desirable that the radially
outer edges inner edges longitudinal grooves inner edges - In order to effectively derive the function to improve the drainage, the angle α1L of the first radially
inner edge 10 a with respect to the tire circumferential direction is set to be more than 0 degree. Further, it is desirable from a point of view of the block rigidity that the angle α1L is set to be 5 degrees or more. - The angle α1U of the first radially
outer edge 9 a with respect to the tire circumferential direction is set to be more than the angle α1L. - If the angle α1U is excessively increased, the
top surface 7 of theblock 5 becomes small and the land ratio decreases, therefor, there is a possibility that the block rigidity decreases and the steering stability deteriorates. - From this standpoint, the angle α1U of the first radially
outer edge 9 a with respect to the tire circumferential direction is set to be not more than 45 degrees. Preferably, the angle α1U is not more than 30 degrees. - As described above, in the equator-side
longitudinal wall surface 8 a, the difference between the angle α1U of the first radiallyouter edge 9 a and the angle α1L of the first radiallyinner edge 10 a can increase the block rigidity. Therefore, if the angle difference α1U-α1L becomes small, this effect relatively decreases. - On the other hand, if the angle difference α1U-α1L becomes large, the variation of the block rigidity in the tire circumferential direction increases, and as a result, uneven wear is liable to occur in the low-rigidity part of the block. From this standpoint, it is desirable that the angle difference α1U-α1L is set in a range of not less than 5 degrees, but not more than 15 degrees.
- The angle α2L of the second radially
inner edge 10 b with respect to the tire circumferential direction is set to be more than 0 degree. It is desirable from a point of view of the block rigidity that the angle α2L is not less than 10 degrees. - The angle α2U of the second radially
outer edge 9 b with respect to the tire circumferential direction is set to be more than the angle α2L. However, if the angle α2U becomes excessively increased, thetop surface 7 of the block is decreased in the area and the land ratio is decreased, therefore the block rigidity is decreased, and the steering stability is deteriorated. - From this standpoint, the angle α2U of the second radially
outer edge 9 b with respect to the tire circumferential direction is set to be not more than 45 degrees, more preferably not more than 35 degrees. - If the difference α2U-α2L between the angle α2U of the second radially
outer edge 9 b and the angle α2L of the second radiallyinner edge 10 b becomes small, the effect to improve the block rigidity tends to relatively decrease. - On the other hand, if the angle difference α2U-α2L becomes large, uneven wear tends to occur.
- From this standpoint, it is desirable that the angle difference α2U-α2L is not less than 5 degrees, but not more than 15 degrees.
- Further, the angles α1L, α2L, α1U and α2U satisfy the following conditional expressions (3) and (4):
-
α1L<α2L (3) -
α1U<α2U (4) - In other words, the first radially
outer edge 9 a and the first radiallyinner edge 10 a of the equator-sidelongitudinal wall surface 8 a extend in directions closer to the tire circumferential direction in comparison with the second radiallyouter edge 9 b and the second radiallyinner edge 10 b of the tread-edge-sidelongitudinal wall surface 8 b. - Thereby, the water flow resistance of the equator-side
longitudinal groove 3A is further decreased to facilitate the drainage on the tire equator side. - Further, by the above described angle limitations, a tread-edge-side part of the block is increased in the rigidity, and the steering stability is improved.
- In order to achieve the drainage and steering stability in a well-balanced manner, the above-mentioned angle differences α2L-α1L and α2U-α1U are preferably set in a range of not less than 5 degrees but not more than 20 degrees.
- Further, as to the first wall-surface slope angle θ1 and the second wall-surface slope angle θ2, if the angles θ1 and θ2 are too large, there is a possibility that the steering stability is deteriorated due to decrease in the land ratio. If the angles θ1 and θ2 are too small, it becomes difficult to increase the block rigidity.
- From this standpoint, the first wall-surface slope angle θ1 is preferably not less than 10 degrees, but not more than 45 degrees.
- The second wall-surface slope angle θ2 is preferably not less than 10 degrees, but not more than 45 degrees.
- In order to achieve the drainage and steering stability in a well-balanced manner, it is desirable that, in the equator-side
longitudinal wall surface 8 a, the angle difference θ1 k-θ1 c between the first wall-surface slope angle θ1 c at the heel-side end 5CA and the first wall-surface slope angle θ1 k at the toe-side end 5CB is set in a range of not less than 2 degrees, more preferably not less than 5 degrees, but not more than 45 degrees, more preferably not more than 20 degrees. - Similarly, it is desirable that, in the tread-edge-side
longitudinal wall surface 8 b, the angle difference θ2 c-θ2 k between the second wall-surface slope angle θ2 c at the heel-side end 5TA and the second wall-surface slope angle θ2 k at the toe-side end 5TB is set in a range of not less than 2 degrees, more preferably not less than 5 degrees, but not more than 45 degrees, more preferably not more than 20 degrees. - Further, it is desirable that the first wall-surface slope angle θ1 c at the heel-side end 5CA is less than the second wall-surface slope angle θ2 k at the toe-side end 5TB, Preferably, the difference θ2 k-θ1 c is set in a range of less than 5 degrees, but not more than 30 degrees.
- As shown in
FIG. 5 , the heel-sidetransverse wall surface 8 c has: - a third radially
outer edge 9 c which is an intersection with thetop surface 7; and
a third radiallyinner edge 10 c which is an intersection with the groove bottom of the heel-sidetransverse groove 4A. - The toe-side
transverse wall surface 8 d has - a fourth radially
outer edge 9 d which is an intersection with thetop surface 7 and
a fourth radiallyinner edge 10 d which is an intersection with the groove bottom of the toe-sidetransverse groove 4B. - In the case that the corner between the groove bottom and
transverse wall surface inner edge transverse wall surface - In this embodiment, further, the third wall-surface slope angle θ3 formed between the heel-side
transverse wall surface 8 c and a normal line (n) drawn to thetop surface 7 at the third radiallyouter edge 9 c in a cross section of the block perpendicular to the third radiallyouter edge 9 c is gradually increased from the tire equator side to the tread edge side along the third radiallyouter edge 9 c. - Furthermore, the fourth wall-surface slope angle θ4 formed between the toe-side
transverse wall surface 8 d and a normal line (n) drawn to thetop surface 7 at the fourth radiallyouter edge 9 d in a cross section of the block perpendicular to the fourth radiallyouter edge 9 d is gradually increased from the tread edge side to the tire equator side. Thereby, in cooperation with the above described configurations of the equator-sidelongitudinal wall surface 8 a and tread-edge-sidelongitudinal wall surface 8 b, the drainage and block rigidity can be further improved. - In this embodiment, the third radially
inner edge 10 c and fourth radiallyinner edge 10 d are formed as a curved line of which central portion slightly dents towards the inside of the block like a circular arc. Thereby, thetransverse grooves - As having been explained, in the embodiment shown in
FIG. 1 , theblocks 5 configured according to the present invention are arranged in four circumferential rows (Br2, Br1, Br1, Br2) of theblocks blocks 5 can be arranged in two circumferential rows, for example as shown inFIG. 6 , as the above-mentioned tow rows Br1 of thefirst blocks 5 a. - Test tires provided with tread patterns based on that of
FIG. 1 and having specifications shown in Table 1 were prepared and tested for the drainage performance and wear resistance. - Common specifications are as follows:
-
- tire size: 205/55R16
- groove width w: 4 to 8 mm
- groove depth D: 7.5 to 8.5 mm
- land ratio: 65% (Ref.1)
- angle γ1: 50 degrees
- angle γ2: 35 degrees
- angle γ3: 20 degrees
- Drainage Performance Test:
- Japanese-made 4WD passenger car of 3500 cc displacement provided on all of the four wheels with test tires inflated to 230 KPa was prepared as a test car. The test car was run along a 100 meter radius circle on an asphalt road partially provided with a 10 mm depth 20 m long water pool, and the lateral acceleration (lateral G) during running in the water pool was measured at the front wheels, gradually increasing the speed entering into the water pool, to obtain the average for the speed range of from 50 to 80 km/h. The results are indicated in Table 1 by an index based on Ref.1 being 100, wherein the larger the value, the better the drainage performance.
- Uneven Wear Resistance Test (Block Rigidity Test):
- The test car was run on the dry asphalt road for 3000 km running. Then, with respect to each of three blocks, the difference between the maximum wear amount and minimum wear amount was measured, and the average of three values of the difference was obtained. The results are indicated in Table 1 by an index based on Ref.1 being 100, wherein the larger value indicates the higher uneven wear resistance, namely, the higher block rigidity.
-
TABLE 1 Tire Ref. 1 Ref. 2 Ref. 3 Ref. 4 Ex. 1 Ex. 2 Ex. 3 Ex. 4 Ex. 5 Tread pattern FIG. 7 FIG. 7 FIG. 7 FIG. 7 FIG. 6 FIG. 1 FIG. 1 FIG. 1 FIG. 1 Land ratio*1 (%) 100 110 90 100 100 100 100 100 100 Groove volume*1 (%) 100 90 110 80 100 100 100 100 100 Inclination angle α1U (deg.) 10 10 10 10 10 10 30 15 15 α1L (deg.) 10 10 10 10 5 5 25 5 5 α2L (deg.) 15 15 15 15 10 10 30 15 15 α2U (deg.) 15 15 15 15 15 15 35 25 25 Slope angle θ1k-θ1c (deg.) 0 0 0 0 10 10 10 20 20 θ2c-θ2k (deg.) 0 0 0 0 10 10 10 20 20 θ3 const. const. const. const. const. const. const. const. variable*2 θ4 const. const. const. const. const. const. const. const. variable*3 Test results Uneven wear resistance 100 110 90 115 110 110 110 113 117 Drainage performance 100 95 110 90 102 105 100 103 104 *1Relative values are indicated in percent based on Ref. 1 being 100%. *2gradually increased from tire equator-side to tread edge side *3gradually increased from tread edge side to tire equator-side - It was confirmed from the test results that the tires according to the present invention can be improved in the block rigidity and drainage performance.
- While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described using specific terms, such description is for illustrative purposes only, and it is to be understood that changes and variations may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the following claims.
Claims (15)
0<α1L<α1U<45; 0<α2L<α2U<45;
α1L<α2L; and α1U<α2U.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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JP2009-238625 | 2009-10-15 | ||
JP2009238625A JP4996661B2 (en) | 2009-10-15 | 2009-10-15 | Pneumatic tire |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US20110088821A1 true US20110088821A1 (en) | 2011-04-21 |
US9085199B2 US9085199B2 (en) | 2015-07-21 |
Family
ID=43447055
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US12/897,414 Expired - Fee Related US9085199B2 (en) | 2009-10-15 | 2010-10-04 | Pneumatic tire having unidirectional tread pattern |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9085199B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2311661B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP4996661B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR101596523B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN102039786B (en) |
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US20130263988A1 (en) * | 2010-12-23 | 2013-10-10 | Claudio Minoli | Tyre for heavy load vehicle wheels |
US20140326379A1 (en) * | 2013-05-02 | 2014-11-06 | Sumitomo Rubber Industries, Ltd. | Heavy duty tire |
EP2905149A3 (en) * | 2014-02-07 | 2015-11-25 | Sumitomo Rubber Industries Limited | Pneumatic tire |
CN105324253A (en) * | 2013-07-05 | 2016-02-10 | 住友橡胶工业株式会社 | Pneumatic tire |
USD780673S1 (en) * | 2016-01-08 | 2017-03-07 | Sumitomo Rubber Industries, Ltd. | Tire for automobile |
USD781216S1 (en) * | 2016-01-08 | 2017-03-14 | Sumitomo Rubber Industries, Ltd. | Tire for automobile |
USD781215S1 (en) * | 2016-01-08 | 2017-03-14 | Sumitomo Rubber Industries, Ltd. | Tire for automobile |
US20170305198A1 (en) * | 2014-10-09 | 2017-10-26 | The Yokohama Rubber Co. Ltd. | Pneumatic Tire |
US20180065416A1 (en) * | 2015-02-27 | 2018-03-08 | Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin | Tire With A Directional Tread Comprising Alternate Curved Blocks And Grooves |
US10245889B2 (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2019-04-02 | Bridgestone Corporation | Pneumatic tire having lug grooves forming a direction tread pattern |
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US20200062044A1 (en) * | 2018-08-21 | 2020-02-27 | Sumitomo Rubber Industries, Ltd. | Pneumatic tire |
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US20210268839A1 (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2021-09-02 | The Yokohama Rubber Co., Ltd. | Pneumatic Tire |
US11298980B2 (en) * | 2015-02-27 | 2022-04-12 | Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin | Tire with a directional tread comprising curved blocks with chamfers |
US12049109B2 (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2024-07-30 | The Yokohama Rubber Co., Ltd. | Pneumatic tire |
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US20220402307A1 (en) * | 2019-11-06 | 2022-12-22 | Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin | Tire Comprising a Tread |
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US20130263988A1 (en) * | 2010-12-23 | 2013-10-10 | Claudio Minoli | Tyre for heavy load vehicle wheels |
US9914329B2 (en) * | 2010-12-23 | 2018-03-13 | Pirelli Tyre S.P.A. | Tyre for heavy load vehicle wheels |
US10245889B2 (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2019-04-02 | Bridgestone Corporation | Pneumatic tire having lug grooves forming a direction tread pattern |
US20140326379A1 (en) * | 2013-05-02 | 2014-11-06 | Sumitomo Rubber Industries, Ltd. | Heavy duty tire |
US9701162B2 (en) * | 2013-05-02 | 2017-07-11 | Sumitomo Rubber Industries, Ltd. | Heavy duty tire |
US10202007B2 (en) * | 2013-07-05 | 2019-02-12 | Sumitomo Rubber Industries, Ltd. | Pneumatic tire |
CN105324253A (en) * | 2013-07-05 | 2016-02-10 | 住友橡胶工业株式会社 | Pneumatic tire |
EP2905149A3 (en) * | 2014-02-07 | 2015-11-25 | Sumitomo Rubber Industries Limited | Pneumatic tire |
US20170305198A1 (en) * | 2014-10-09 | 2017-10-26 | The Yokohama Rubber Co. Ltd. | Pneumatic Tire |
US11298980B2 (en) * | 2015-02-27 | 2022-04-12 | Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin | Tire with a directional tread comprising curved blocks with chamfers |
US20180065416A1 (en) * | 2015-02-27 | 2018-03-08 | Compagnie Generale Des Etablissements Michelin | Tire With A Directional Tread Comprising Alternate Curved Blocks And Grooves |
US11090981B2 (en) * | 2015-12-29 | 2021-08-17 | Pirelli Tyre S.P.A. | Tyre for vehicle wheels |
USD781215S1 (en) * | 2016-01-08 | 2017-03-14 | Sumitomo Rubber Industries, Ltd. | Tire for automobile |
USD781216S1 (en) * | 2016-01-08 | 2017-03-14 | Sumitomo Rubber Industries, Ltd. | Tire for automobile |
USD780673S1 (en) * | 2016-01-08 | 2017-03-07 | Sumitomo Rubber Industries, Ltd. | Tire for automobile |
US20190389255A1 (en) * | 2017-02-14 | 2019-12-26 | The Yokohama Rubber Co., Ltd. | Pneumatic Tire |
US20210268839A1 (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2021-09-02 | The Yokohama Rubber Co., Ltd. | Pneumatic Tire |
US12049109B2 (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2024-07-30 | The Yokohama Rubber Co., Ltd. | Pneumatic tire |
US20200062044A1 (en) * | 2018-08-21 | 2020-02-27 | Sumitomo Rubber Industries, Ltd. | Pneumatic tire |
US11667160B2 (en) * | 2018-08-21 | 2023-06-06 | Sumitomo Rubber Industries, Ltd. | Pneumatic tire |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN102039786A (en) | 2011-05-04 |
JP4996661B2 (en) | 2012-08-08 |
EP2311661A1 (en) | 2011-04-20 |
US9085199B2 (en) | 2015-07-21 |
EP2311661B1 (en) | 2012-12-12 |
KR101596523B1 (en) | 2016-02-22 |
JP2011084173A (en) | 2011-04-28 |
CN102039786B (en) | 2015-01-21 |
KR20110041396A (en) | 2011-04-21 |
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