US1887855A - Furnace - Google Patents

Description

H. E. LEETY ET AL Noy...15, 1932.

FURNACE Filed May 11, 1926 4 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTORS I a Nov. 15, 1932. H. E. LEETY ETAL FURNACE 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed May 11, 1926 INVENTOR 5 M M, 11w? Nov. 15, 1932. H. E. LEETY ETAL FURNACE Fil ed May 11, 1926 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Patented Nov. 15, 1932 -.1',ss1,sss

U D ST T S PATENTOFFICEI HARRY E. LEETY AND JOHN A. ECKERT, PITTSBURGH, AND AUSTIN VL IPAGE, OF 'PENN TOWNSHIPQALLEGHENY" COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA, 'ASSIGNORS TO I. WALL MANUFACTURING 'C01.1ANY,'OE PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA, A CORPORATION OF PENNSYLVANIA particularly to burners of this type which are ordinarily designated blow torches or .furnaces, and especially suitable for use limited in'this respect.

by linemen, plumbers and the like where portable heating units capable'of operation under adverse circumstances are required, although the utility of the invention is not Throughout the specification and claims, apparatus of the general'character herein contemplated will be described by the general term furnaces, it being understood that the word is used as one of definition and not limitation, and is generically definitive of a general class of apparatus. I

At the present time a number of different kinds of furnaces is available for performing the general functions herein contemplated. Such furnaces, however, have been objectionable for many reasons, most of which are concernedchiefly with the question of efiiciency, the question of ease of operation, adjustment and repair, and the question of safety. a As ordinarily constructed, furnaces of this general'nature have not been generally capable of use in unfavorable weather or high wind conditions. The present invention has for one of its objects the provision of a furnace which may be efficiently used under such conditions, the invention contemplating among other things a restricted air supply as compared to that ordinarily permitted, and means for preheating the supplied'air.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an improved'burner of suchnature that complete mixing of the fuel and air occurs in the lower part of the burner,

thereby enabling higher temperatures to be obtainedby the burner, which higher temperatures are desirable not only 'from' the standpoint of the material being heated by the furnace but from the standpointof fuel vaporization, and more particularly'in cold weather.

lVith furnaces of usual construction,-the temperature conditions during operation have been such as to result in undue heating 7 nature that-the assembling operation is facilclaims.

I FURNACE 1926. Serial No. 108,283.

of the fuel reservoir, whereby bulging and explosions not infrequently result. 7 Thepres: ent invention contemplates improved, heat dissipating means intermediate between the burner and reservoirwhereby the temperature of the reservoir-can be-maintained; within'a much lower range. I Y

Another object of the invention is tolpro- Vide a valve and burner assembly of such it ated and possibility of stripping threads is l minimized. r V

- Still, another object of. the invention is to provide areservoir of improved construction whereby the strength thereof is increased, the possibility of bulging is eliminated and the chances of rupture or bursting limited to a predetermined zone or zones. Further objects of the invention are to provide an improved-pump construction and operating means therefor whereby operation of the pump is facilitated and the length of life thereof increased. f

Still further objects are to provide a furnace construction in which access tothe parts for repair. replacement or adjustment is facilitated. j r 1 I Other objects of the invention will be apparent from the following specification and drawings constituting a part thereof, the drawings showing for purposes of illustration only, certainpreferred embodiments of the invention, it being understood that the drawings do not define the limits of our inventionas changesin a construction and operation 'disclosedtherein may, be made without departing either. from the spirit of the invention-0r the scope of our broader In the drawings: m V Figure l is a side elevational view of one form of furnace constructed in accordance with the present invention; Figure 2 isfla vertical sectional view through a furnace constructed as shown in Fi ure 1, certain of the parts being shown in elevation or partly broken away for sake of clearness; s

Figure .3 is a detail sectional. View, onan enlarged scale, through a portion of the valve and burner assembly; I

Figure 4; is a side elevational view of the Figure 5 is a detail view partly broken away of a portion of the pump cylinder showing the clevis in position thereon;

Figure 6 is adetail sectional view on an enlarged scale, illustrating one ofthe fastening means for the furnace guard;

Figure 7 is a top plan view of the structure shown in Figure 1;

Figure 8 is a top plan View of the heat dissipator;

Figure 9 is a transverse sectional view on the line IXIX of Figure 2 looking in the direction of the arrows; and

Figure 10 is a detail sectional view onan enlarged scale through a portion of the reservoir. 7 i

In accordance with the present invention, there may be provided a furnace having a reservoir 2 adapted to contain a predetermined supply of fuel and forming a base for effectively supporting the furnace. The

reservoir is preferably of novel construction with respect not only to the material from which it is constructed but with respect to the contour thereof. This reservoir preferably comprises an upper portion 3 comprising a single sheet of metal, the metal preferably being, or having the characteristics of drawn steel with a relatively low carbon content. The bottom 4, on the other hand,

i is preferably constructed of spring steel havin'gia much higher carbon content, the carbon content of the bottom ordinarily being many times greater than that of the top.

w The contour initially imparted to the plates from which the reservoir is constructed is preferably substantially that which parts of the dimensions generally indicated and of the characteristics described, will tend to assume; under high pressure conditions within the reservoir. This con tour is conveniently initially determined by constructing a reservoir of the desired metal and-then creating a pressure therein sufficient to produce a slight bulging. This contour is then measured, and a second reservoir constructed having such contour- The .pressure is then increased in this second reservoir 'to such an extent as to produce a bulging, and the contour again measured and a reservoir constructed. This operation is repeated until there is provided a reservoir having a contour conforming to the contour which the reservoir tends to assume under abnormal pressure conditions. We have found that such a reservoir has materially greater strength than a reservoir the construction and curvature of which are arbit'rarily produced.

The bottom 4, in accordance with the presentinvention ispreferably shaped'to provide in a downturned flange 7 embraced within the upturned edge 8 of the top plate of the reservoir. In actual practice, we have found that a reservoirof the general characteristics set forth will, in the event of extremely high pressure, tend to rupture substantially in the zone of the straight portion 5. This 7 is by far preferable to having the reservoir rupture through the upper portion thereof, inasmuch as this results in throwing the fuel downwardly away from the burner, witha corresponding decrease in the possibility of a serious explosion.

Eccentricallyformed in the top of the reservoir is an opening into which is secured an internally threaded bushing 9 adapted to receive the lower'threaded end 10of the valve body 11. This lower threaded end-is also preferably internally threaded to receive a fuel feeding tube'12 as understood in the art.

The tube, 12 discharges fuel into a port '13 intersecting a laterally extending passage 14. This passage is shaped to constitute a seat for'the conical end 15 of the controlling valve 16. Extending upwardly from the passage 14 is a second port 1 7 controlling-the delivery of fuel to the lower end of a burnertube 18. This burner tube may conveniently be threaded directly into an extension. 19 on the valve'body, the lower threaded :end preferably being tapered to provide a tight joint while permitting a slight turn in either direction to properly position the burner.

'We have found it to be desirable to construct the valve body in the form of a brass forging d'ue'to the homogeneous nature thereof. In order, however, to reinforce this forging, and. particularly the portion 1.9 receiving the lower end of .the burner tube, there-is threaded thereon a reinforcing sleeve 20 ofcold rolled steel or other desired material.

This reinforcing sleeve at its upper end has an internal diameter preferably substantially equal tobut slightly greater than the external diameter of the burner tube, whereby with the reinforcing sleeve in position on the projection 19 itelfectively serves notv only as a'reinforcing means-but as a'guidingmeans .for guiding the burner :tube accurately into engagement with the threads in the projection 19. Conveniently the projection 19 has its upper edge :21 downwardly and inwardly beveled as clearly apparent from Figure?) of the drawings for assisting in the guiding and engagement of the-threads on the respective parts. In thismanne'r stripping or splitting of the threads andspl-itting ofthe projection 19 dueto the taper of the threads on the burner is prevented. f

The reinforcing sleeve 20 is preferably provided with an'outturned flange 22 at its lower end forming a shoulder adaptedto support a heat-dissipating plate'23. This plate, as indicated in Figure 8 of the drawings, is preferably of generally circular contour having eccentrically .formed therein'an opening 24 of a diameter permitting cooperation with the sleeve 20 and consequent movement of the-plate 23 downwardlythereover into engagement with the shoulder 22. This plate throughout substantially its entire areais formed with openings 25 preferably irregularly arranged relative to the contour of the .dissipator as illustrated for-example inFigure 8 of the drawings.

After the dissipator has been properly p0 sitioned, a spacing sleeve 26 isslipped over the reinforcing sleeve and a saucer 27 positioned around thereinforcing sleeve in such manner as to rest on the spacer. This saucer preferably has a diameter substantially equal to thediameter ofthe dissipator 23 and has an upturned peripheral edge 28 whereby it serves to collect foreign matter and prevent the same from dropping onto the upper surface of the reservoir. This is particularly desirable in the case of burning fuel or other inflammable material which, if permitted to reach the reservoir and burn thereon, might result in undue temperature conditions, as well as suflicient heat to ignite vapor in the reservoir with a resulting bulging or bursting thereof. The intermediateportions of the saucer 27 are preferably reinforced by means of a rib or corrugation 29.

The burner itself is conveniently constructed substantially as disclosed in the patent to Flitcroft No. 1,283,133 of October 29, 19l8, in that there is provided a casing 30 supported by the tube and preferably cast therearound and carrying an inlet 31.' The outlet nipple 32 of the burner tube is, however, located a greater distance from the inlet 31 than disclosed in the Flitcroft patent. The casing 30 has openings 30"therein toadmit air to the burner. In the drawings, the burner parts are shown substantially one-half full size, thereby providing a distance between the burner nipple and the inlet 31 which is great enough to permit complete mixing of the fuel in the lower part of the casing 30 in a manner not obtainable with the Flitcroft burner as constructed. This enables the creation of a higher temperature at the outlet of the burner and a better vaporization of the fuel in the burner tube. Surrounding the upper end of the casing 30 and extendingaround a substantial portion of the casing is a removable air preheating bell- 33.

Secured in any desired manner to the top of the-reservoir 2 is a bearing bracket 34 having bearings therein for a pintle 35 extending through openings in lugs 36 carried by the lower end of a guard and flue 37. This guard and flue at its lower edge. is slotted, as ind1- V cated in dotted lines in Figure 2, to provide a recess 38 to accommodate the valve stern 16 when the guard and flue is swung into and out of operative position about the pintle 35. At its front side the guard and flue car dotted lines in Figures 1 and 2. This hood tends to protect the'melting pot or other articles mounted on the plate. To accommodate the plate toarticles of'difl'erent'shapes and contours, as well assize, it may be provided with stepped supports 44, these supports be I ing effective for not only centering the pot but for preventing slipping or tilting thereof. I Formed in the top plate 41 substantially centrally thereof so as to overlie the burner is an opening 45 having a diameter which is preferably substantially equal to the eX- ternal diameter of the upper portion of the casing 30 whereby the passage of excess air into the guard and flue 37 is prevented. Surrounding the central opening 45 is a series of comparativelysmall openingsti' and 47, theseopenings, providing the necessary draft for operation under normal conditions and being small enough to prevent any disturbance with the operating conditions, in the event ofyextreme blasts of cold air having.

atendency to travel downwardly in oppositiou'to the natural draft, and thereby unduly chill thecasingto an extent sufficient to interfere with vaporization and proper burner operation. It will be'appar'ent that should any air pass downwardly through the series of openings 46 it will come'into contact with the air preheating bell 33 kept heated by flames emanating from the openings 33 whereby its temperature is materially raised to such an extent as to prevent interference with vaporization.

For maintaining the guard and flue in position on the reservoir to prevent accidental swinging movement thereof, it may be provided with any desired number of clips't8 iaving a pivotal connection 49 with the guard, and slotted to pass around bolts 50 carrying clamping means preferably in the forin'of wing nuts 51. In' order to'prevent loss of the wing nuts the bolts 50 may be drilled and retaining means 52 inserted through the openings. When it is desired to swing the guard and flue to-inoperative position, the wing nuts may be loosened, the'clips swung away from the bolts by means of the thumb pieces 53, and the guard andflue moved as desired. With.the combined guard'and flue impositionythe furnace is ready'for use, or

may be rcarriedfrom point to. point by means 1' of a .bail 54: carried by suitable-trunnions 55 onthe top plate. Y i

The reservoir may have the usual filling opening closedby azdrop forged steel filler plug-56 and may also be provided with a pump57 having: a general construction dis-' closed in Flitcroft Patent 1,030,465 of June- 25,1912. Conveniently, however,'the pump cylinder has-mounted therein a. piston rod- 57, the upper end of which carries an operatinghandle 58 extending laterally wherebyit may be conveniently gripped by an operator. For holding the parts normally in a position illustrated in full lines in Figures 1 and-2, there may beprovided a clevis 59 carrying a coiled spring 60 adapted to cooperate with-a-depression 61 in the handle. The clevis isconveniently carriedv by trunnions 62 formed integrally with the pump forging which carriesthe pump cylinder and projecting laterally therefrom. These trun: nions are preferably internally threaded to receive screws 63 preventing theclevis from accidentally becoming disengaged from the.

trunnions-,"while permitting removal and replacement of thecleviswhen desired. The" upper end of the pump forgingis preferably externally threaded to cooperate with a main nut 64 adapted to receive a secondary nut 65 threaded thereinto and removable independ ently thereof. This secondary-nut is pref.-

erably extended into the pump cylinder, as shown, to providea guidingand wearing; duringxopextension 66 for the piston rod 57 eration ofth'epump. V

Heretofore, considerable difficulty has been experienced in attempting toswing tL'hOlCl." ing clevis of the general type shown herein into inoperative position to permit operation of the pump. In accordance withthepresent-inventlon such operation 1s facilitated by shaping the handle 58 so that it not only err-- tends laterally but also upwardlyas clearly shown in the drawings. lVhen so constructed, the act of swinging-the handle from its full line position in either direction,.as indicated in dotted lines, will tend :to cam off the clevis and automatically throw it to inoperative position. At the same time, the

handle will be brought around to such a posit.

a plurality of openings irregularly'positioned1 with respect to the contour of the plate is extremely important and insures asbetter operation than can be obtained in a construction in which the openings are regularly arranged or in which the plate h'asa peripheraledge or border of regular or uniform characteristics. definitely determine the reasonsfor such improved operation, it is believed that the irregular arrangement of openings more elfeG- tively breaks up and distributes thelimited amount of air which passes to the interior: of

the combined guard and flue-37, through the recess 38, through the space below the door 39, and below thecombined guardnand flue 37 at such points at which tight contactawiththetop of the reservoir is not made.

It-will be-understood that in'starting, the burner in operation it is-customary to cause a body offuel-to accumulate within the drip. cup-67. Not infrequently this; fuel is per-- mittcd to accumulate to a point substantially even with the top of thecup, and occasionally the cup. is permitted to overflow. In such" cases, when the fuel is-ignited the resulting expansion or boiling of'thefuel causes it to further overrun theedges of the. drip-cup. Thepossi-bility of an accumulation of fuel under. these'conditions-on the top ofa reser-- voir isprevented byreason of thesaucer 27. The heat generated, however, if directly transmitted to the'reservoir might'produce a: temperature therein which would be objeo tionablyyhigh. The dissipatoreffectively cooperates with the'bu'rner parts to directly dissipate heat therefrom, not only by reason. of the large radiating surface provided, but by reasonfurther ofthe intimate contact between the various portions thereof and the entering air. It also prevents the existence of a comparatively still body of air below 'the saucer capable of conducting heat downwardly therefrom.

An apparatus'of the character herein con-, templated must-be capable of operation without adjustmentiin weather and wind conditions of all diiferentkinds-and degrees.- The heat dissipator is an important-factor tin-insurin'g such operation, as it, to a'considerable extent, breaks up the draft which would normally be produced by the combined flue'and guard and effects delivery of air in broken up condition only, andlargely preheated to the burner. 1

Certain features of the present invention, and'more particularly rthe swinging guard and flue structure, are disclosed and claimed in our c-opending: application, Serial No. 48,97 8, filed AugustS, 1925, in which there is also claimed the provision of aqsaucer and drip cup intermediate-the-burner and reservoir. The present application constitutes a continuation in part of such-oopendingaps plication. f v

VVhile'we have not been able to;

Certain advantages of the present invention arise-from the improved reservoir construction and contour whereby greater strength and safety are insured. 7

Other advantages of the invention arise from the improved burner construction in which mixing is completed in the lower portion of the burner casing, and from the pro vision of heat dissipating means intermediate the burner and reservoir and preferably provided in addition to the safetysaucer.

Still other advantages arise from the improved top plate construction whereby the air supply is controlled, broken up and preheated; I

Further advantages of the invention arise from the improved valve and burner assembly and from the improved pump structure in which increased bearing surface is provided and in which the pump handle is effective for caming off the clevis.

We claim:

1. In a furnace, an enclosed fuel reservoir, a burner, fuel feeding connections between said burner and reservoir, a reinforced shield for said burner, and heat'dissipating means carried'by said connections intermediate said shield and reservoir for dissipating heat from said connections, said heat dissipating means being perforated, said heat dissipating means being pos1t1oned exter orly of said reservoir. 2. In afurnace, a fuel reservoir, a fuel valve carried thereby, a burner having a threaded connection with said valve, a reinforclng sleeve for said burner carried by said valve intermediate sald threaded connection and said burner, and heat dissipating means intermediate the burner and the reservoir, said heat dissipating means being carried by and supported on said reinforcing sleeve.

. 3. In a furnace, a fuel reservoir, a fuel valve carried thereby, a burner threaded directly to said valve, and a reinforcing sleeve for said burner surrounding a portion of said valve, sald sleeve serving to reinforce the valve.

4;. In a furnace, a fuel reservo1r, a burner, connections for dehvermg fuel from the reservoir to theburner, a drip cup carried by said connections, a collecting'saucercarried by said connections, and heat dissipating means intermediate the reservoir and said saucer.

5. In a furnace, a fuel reservoir, a burner, connections for delivering fuel from the reservoir to the burner, a drip cup carried by said connections, a collecting saucer carried by said connections, and heat dissipating means intermediate the reservoir and said saucer, said heat dissipating, means being said connections, a collecting saucer carried by said connections, and heat dissipatin means intermediate the reservoir and sai saucer, said heat dissipating means comprising a perforated disk through which air for said burner is adapted to pass. v

7 In a furnace, a burner, .a guard enclosing said burner and having a plurality of openings therein above the burner, and a removable baflle of bell-shape carried by said said burner, said top having a plurality'of draft openings therein, and a baflie of substantially bell-shape carried bythe burner,

the skirt of the baffle extending below and frameports disposed in aring therearound, v a cylindrical guard having a top enclosing from the openings in the top of'the c linder above the burner from striking said urner.

In testimony whereof wehave hereunto set our hands. I

. HARRY E. LEETY.

JOHN A. ECKERT; 1 AUSTINW. PAGE.

perforated to distribute incoming air over substantially the entire area of said saucer.

6. In a furnace, a fuel reservoir, a burner, connections for delivering fuel from the reservoir to the burner, a drip cup carried by

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