US1566275A - Apparatus or system for drying, baking, etc. - Google Patents

Apparatus or system for drying, baking, etc. Download PDF

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US1566275A
US1566275A US682355A US68235523A US1566275A US 1566275 A US1566275 A US 1566275A US 682355 A US682355 A US 682355A US 68235523 A US68235523 A US 68235523A US 1566275 A US1566275 A US 1566275A
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air
oven
combustion
heater
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James M Harrison
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
    • F26B3/28—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by radiation, e.g. from the sun
    • F26B3/30—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by radiation, e.g. from the sun from infrared-emitting elements
    • F26B3/305—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by radiation, e.g. from the sun from infrared-emitting elements the infrared radiation being generated by combustion or combustion gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B15/00—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form
    • F26B15/10—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form with movement in a path composed of one or more straight lines, e.g. compound, the movement being in alternate horizontal and vertical directions
    • F26B15/12—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form with movement in a path composed of one or more straight lines, e.g. compound, the movement being in alternate horizontal and vertical directions the lines being all horizontal or slightly inclined
    • F26B15/14—Machines or apparatus for drying objects with progressive movement; Machines or apparatus with progressive movement for drying batches of material in compact form with movement in a path composed of one or more straight lines, e.g. compound, the movement being in alternate horizontal and vertical directions the lines being all horizontal or slightly inclined the objects or batches of materials being carried by trays or racks or receptacles, which may be connected to endless chains or belts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B23/00—Heating arrangements
    • F26B23/001—Heating arrangements using waste heat
    • F26B23/002—Heating arrangements using waste heat recovered from dryer exhaust gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
    • F26B25/008—Seals, locks, e.g. gas barriers or air curtains, for drying enclosures
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working

Definitions

  • the system is used in conjunction with a multi-stage oven of the continuous or semi-continuous type, al-
  • the general purpose and object of the 1nvention is to provide a system or apparatus which will enable the heating of the articles to be realized in a articularly efiicient manner and one whic will result in a great saving of heat energy as compared with other and well known systems now on the market. Further and more limited objects of the invention will appear inconnection with the detailed description in the specification and will be accomplished through the conihi'inations set'forth inthe claims.
  • Fig. 1 represents a longitudinal sectional elevation through a multi-stage oven of the continuous or semicontinuous type having my-invention applied-thereto
  • Figs. 2 and 3 are details in section corresponding respectively to the lines 22 and 3-3 of Fig. 1
  • Fig. 4 a sectional elevation of the right-hand portion of the system shown in Fig. 1 and illustrating a modification of such system
  • Fig. 5 represents a longitudinal sectional elevation through a multi-stage oven of the continuous or semicontinuous type having my-invention applied-thereto
  • Figs. 2 and 3 are details in section corresponding respectively to the lines 22 and 3-3 of Fig. 1
  • Fig. 4 a sectional elevation of the right-hand portion of the system shown in Fig. 1 and illustrating a modification of such system
  • Fig. 5
  • Describing characters, A and B denote the first and second parts or sections of a multistage ovenof the continuous or semi-continuous type, only two such parts or sections being necessary to show the application of my system to ovens of this type.- "These sections are connected by an intermediate section C which constitutes aseal for preventing the mingling of the gases-or vapors 1n the sections A and B, the parts thus far described being of standard, ordinary construction.
  • the conveyor is indicated conventionally in Figs. 1 and 3 of the drawing, the side members being indicated at D,
  • the upper wall 5 of the'combustion chamber is the lower wall of the oven section B and is provided with perforations 6, distributed throughout the extent of such wall, enabling the products of combustion-and the heated air to pass into the section B.
  • the upper wall 7 of this section is also perforated, as shown at 8, and preferably uniformly throughout the extent thereof, and is arranged to discharge into a hood 9 thereabove. Projecting upwardly from and communicating with the hood is the casing 10 of an air heater having a flue'or stack 11.
  • FIG. 12 denotes an air blower which is shown as delivering air toa header 13 extending across the rear of the casing 10, said header communicating with a duct or a series of ducts 14 extending'therefrom to the front wall of the casing and there communicating and 20 arranged respectively beneath the top and above the bottom walls 21 and 22 of the oven section A.
  • These chambers preferably extend each the full width of the ovensec'tion A and are provided with openings 23 and 24 in their bottom wall 23 and top wall 24, respectively, which open ings are arranged to discharge the heated air supplied thereto by the pipe 18 to the articles within such section. These openings are arranged so as to discharge the heated air rearwardly, as indicated by the arrows.
  • the air heater is of such a type as to utilize in a very eflicient manner the hot gases (consisting of products of combustion and air) discharged into the hood 9.
  • Any type of heater that will secure an eflicient heat interchange between the air forced through the heater and the hot gases will answer the purpose; but I prefer a heater such as shown in my application No. 507,604, filed October 14, 1921, wherein the hot gases are conducted through enlongated narrow vertical flues provided between horizontal sheet metal flues through which the air is circulated.
  • the products of combustion mingled with heated air
  • Air, heated by such gases to a temperature of approximately 300 F. to 350 F. will be conducted through the pipe 18 to the distributing chambers 19 and 20 and will be supplied thence in contact with the articles being conveyed through the oven section A.
  • the air, laden with vapors or gases absorbed from the said articles and the'coatings thereon, will be removed through the pipes or flues 25 and 28.
  • Figs. 4 and 5 there is shown a modification of my invention in which the prod- .ucts of combustion from the chamber 1 are not delivered directly into the oven section B, but are used for the indirect heating of such ov-en section.
  • This indirect heating may be effected by conducting the products from said chamber through vertical radiating flues 30 extending upwardly along the opposite side walls of the oven section and projecting into such section.
  • the hot gases will be delivered from the lines 30 into the hood 9 and will operate to heat the air
  • the system described hereivithin may be' used for the efficient heating or drying of articles having coatings which, if subjected to the products of combustion in the first instance, will form therewith solvents, causing the coatings to run oli. In the operation or my system, the coatings are given their preliminary set by means of the hot air supplied. to the oven section A; and by.
  • the seal at the point C efiectively prevents the mingling of air in the section A with the products of combustion in the oven section B.
  • a system or apparatus compr sing a pair of oven sections communicating in series for the continuous conveyance of articles therethru, means for applying heat to the second oven section, an air heater arranged to be heated by the heated gases passing beyond such second oven section, means for forcing air thru such heater, and means for delivering the same into the first oven section.
  • a system or apparatus comprising a pair of oven sections communicating in series, means for applying heat to the second section of said even, an air heater arranged to be heated by the heated gases passing beyond such second oven section, means for forcing air thru such heater, means for delivering the same into the first oven section, and means reventing the intermingling of the atmosp eres' in such oven sections.
  • a system or apparatus comprising a pair of oven sections communicating in series for the continuous conveyance of articles therethru, a heater applied to the bottom of the second section and arranged to heat the same. an air heater adapted to receive the heated gases after the same have passed the second oven section, means for the drying and hardening.
  • a system or apparatus comprising a pair of horizontally arranged oven sections, with an air seal interposed therebetween, a
  • a system or apparatus comprising a pair of oven sections arranged in series and through which articles are adapted to be moved, a combustion chamber arranged beneath the second section, means for'burning fluid fuel within said combustion chamber to heat said second oven section, a'casing above the second oven section adapted to receive such products of combustion, means for forcing air through such casing, out of contact with the products of combustion, means for delivering such air to' the first oven section, and means preventing the intermingling of the atmospheres is such products of combustiommeans for forcing air through, such casing, out of contact with the products of combustion, and means for delivering the air thus heated to the first oven section.
  • a system or, apparatus comprising in' COmblIliLtlOIl a pair of oven sections arranged in a series and through which articles areadapted to be conducted, a combustion chamber arranged below the second own section, the top and bottom walls of suchsecond oven section having openings therethrough to permit the passage of the "products of combustion vertically through such section, an air heater above such second section and adapted to receive the products of combustion therefrom, means for forcing air through such heater, out of contact. with the products of combustion, and means for delivering such heated air to the first oven section.
  • system or apparatus comprising a pair of oven sections arranged in series and through which sections articles are adapted to be conducted, a combustion chamber arranged beneath and substantially co-extensive with the bottom wall of the second oven section, the said bottom wall having openings for the passage. of products of combustion from said chamber, an air heater arranged above such second section receiving the products of combustion therefrom,
  • a system or apparatus comprising a 7 pair of oven sections arranged in series with an interposed wall forming an air seal therebetween, and through which sections articles "are adapted to be conducted, a combustion chamber arranged beneath and substantially co-extensive With the bottom wall of the second oven section the said bottom wall having openings therethrough for the passage of products of combustion from said chamber, the upper wall of'the second oven section also having openings adapted to ermit the passage of the products of com ustion therethrough, a collecting hood arranged above such perforated upper wall, an air heater receiving the products of combustion from said hood, means for circulating air through such heater and means for delivering the same into the first oven section.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)

Description

J. M. HARRISON APPARATUS OR SYSTEM FOR DRYING, BAKING, ETC
Dec; 22 1925.
Filed Dec. 22, 1923 Patented Dec. 22, 1925.
1 UNITED STATES [P ATENT' OFFICE.
JAMES M. HARRISON, DIE-CLEVELAND, onro.
APPARATUS 0R SYSTEM FOR DRYING, BAKING, ETC.
Application filed December 22, 1923. Serial No. 682,355. i
To all whom it may concern: 1
Be it known that I, J AMES M. HARRISON, .a citizen of the United States, residing at Cleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented a certain new" and particularly the coatings thereon. In
the form shown herein, the system is used in conjunction with a multi-stage oven of the continuous or semi-continuous type, al-
though not limited in its application to the particular oven shown and described herein.
The general purpose and object of the 1nvention is to provide a system or apparatus which will enable the heating of the articles to be realized in a articularly efiicient manner and one whic will result in a great saving of heat energy as compared with other and well known systems now on the market. Further and more limited objects of the invention will appear inconnection with the detailed description in the specification and will be accomplished through the conihi'inations set'forth inthe claims.
In the drawings, Fig. 1 represents a longitudinal sectional elevation through a multi-stage oven of the continuous or semicontinuous type having my-invention applied-thereto, Figs. 2 and 3 are details in section corresponding respectively to the lines 22 and 3-3 of Fig. 1; Fig. 4: a sectional elevation of the right-hand portion of the system shown in Fig. 1 and illustrating a modification of such system; and Fig. 5
a detail in section corresponding to the line 55 of Fig. 4.
Describing characters, A and B denote the first and second parts or sections of a multistage ovenof the continuous or semi-continuous type, only two such parts or sections being necessary to show the application of my system to ovens of this type.- "These sections are connected by an intermediate section C which constitutes aseal for preventing the mingling of the gases-or vapors 1n the sections A and B, the parts thus far described being of standard, ordinary construction. The articles to be treated in the the various parts by reference oven-are conducted through the same from leftto right, in 'the usual manner, as b a conveyor. The conveyor is indicated conventionally in Figs. 1 and 3 of the drawing, the side members being indicated at D,
cross members at D, and the sprockets at B of the oven is a combustion chamber 1 the front wall 2 of which is provided with openings 3 for burners l, which burners may be adapted for the burning of gas or oil. The upper wall 5 of the'combustion chamber is the lower wall of the oven section B and is provided with perforations 6, distributed throughout the extent of such wall, enabling the products of combustion-and the heated air to pass into the section B. The upper wall 7 of this section is also perforated, as shown at 8, and preferably uniformly throughout the extent thereof, and is arranged to discharge into a hood 9 thereabove. Projecting upwardly from and communicating with the hood is the casing 10 of an air heater having a flue'or stack 11. 12 denotes an air blower which is shown as delivering air toa header 13 extending across the rear of the casing 10, said header communicating with a duct or a series of ducts 14 extending'therefrom to the front wall of the casing and there communicating and 20 arranged respectively beneath the top and above the bottom walls 21 and 22 of the oven section A. These chambers preferably extend each the full width of the ovensec'tion A and are provided with openings 23 and 24 in their bottom wall 23 and top wall 24, respectively, which open ings are arranged to discharge the heated air supplied thereto by the pipe 18 to the articles within such section. These openings are arranged so as to discharge the heated air rearwardly, as indicated by the arrows.
. The heated air, together with the vapors and the gases formed in the section A, will be removed by means of an oiftake flue or pipe 25 having openings therein for such vapors and gases, as indicated by the arrows 26, said pipe communicating with the casing of an exhaust fan, indicated at 27, from which casing leads the off-take pipe or flue 28. 29 indicates a conventional pulley for driving the fan (not shown).
The air heater is of such a type as to utilize in a very eflicient manner the hot gases (consisting of products of combustion and air) discharged into the hood 9. Any type of heater that will secure an eflicient heat interchange between the air forced through the heater and the hot gases will answer the purpose; but I prefer a heater such as shown in my application No. 507,604, filed October 14, 1921, wherein the hot gases are conducted through enlongated narrow vertical flues provided between horizontal sheet metal flues through which the air is circulated. With a heater of this construction, I am enabled to reduce the temperature of the hot gases 300 F. to 350 F.say from 450 F. to 150 F. or loWerin their passage between .and in contact with the series of horizontal air-circulating flues, with a corresponding elevation in the temperature of such air.
In operation, the products of combustion, mingled with heated air, will be delivered into the upper section B at approximately 900 F. and will be reduced by expansion and by contact with oven walls and the articles subjected thereto, to a temperature of 450 F. being discharged into the hood 9 at about the last-mentioned temperature. Air, heated by such gases to a temperature of approximately 300 F. to 350 F. will be conducted through the pipe 18 to the distributing chambers 19 and 20 and will be supplied thence in contact with the articles being conveyed through the oven section A. The air, laden with vapors or gases absorbed from the said articles and the'coatings thereon, will be removed through the pipes or flues 25 and 28.
In Figs. 4 and 5 there is shown a modification of my invention in which the prod- .ucts of combustion from the chamber 1 are not delivered directly into the oven section B, but are used for the indirect heating of such ov-en section. This indirect heating may be effected by conducting the products from said chamber through vertical radiating flues 30 extending upwardly along the opposite side walls of the oven section and projecting into such section. The hot gases will be delivered from the lines 30 into the hood 9 and will operate to heat the air The system described hereivithin may be' used for the efficient heating or drying of articles having coatings which, if subjected to the products of combustion in the first instance, will form therewith solvents, causing the coatings to run oli. In the operation or my system, the coatings are given their preliminary set by means of the hot air supplied. to the oven section A; and by.
the time such articles reach the chamber B, the hot gases or products of combustion will not injure thecoatings but will serve to complete thereof.
The seal at the point C efiectively prevents the mingling of air in the section A with the products of combustion in the oven section B.
Because of the manner of utilizing the products of combustion to heat the air supplied to the oven section A, I am enabled to effect a great reduction in the amount of air necessary to be circulated in order to dry, heat or bake the articles and their coatings and am also enabled to effect. a very great saving in fuel consumption.
Having thus described my invention, what I claim is:
1. A system or apparatus compr sing a pair of oven sections communicating in series for the continuous conveyance of articles therethru, means for applying heat to the second oven section, an air heater arranged to be heated by the heated gases passing beyond such second oven section, means for forcing air thru such heater, and means for delivering the same into the first oven section.
2. A system or apparatus comprising a pair of oven sections communicating in series, means for applying heat to the second section of said even, an air heater arranged to be heated by the heated gases passing beyond such second oven section, means for forcing air thru such heater, means for delivering the same into the first oven section, and means reventing the intermingling of the atmosp eres' in such oven sections.
8. A system or apparatus comprising a pair of oven sections communicating in series for the continuous conveyance of articles therethru, a heater applied to the bottom of the second section and arranged to heat the same. an air heater adapted to receive the heated gases after the same have passed the second oven section, means for the drying and hardening.
circulating air thru said air heater, and means for delivering the same into the first oven section. v
4. A system or apparatus comprising a pair of horizontally arranged oven sections, with an air seal interposed therebetween, a
heater a plied to the second section, an air heater a apted to receive the hot gases after the same have-heated such second section,
means for circulating air through the second heater, an upper and lower heated air distributing chamber .within the first. oven section and communicating with the said air heater, and means for removing the heated air and vapors from the first oven section.
5. A system or apparatus" comprising a pair of oven sections arranged in series and through which articles are adapted to be moved, a combustion chamber arranged beneath the second section, means for'burning fluid fuel within said combustion chamber to heat said second oven section, a'casing above the second oven section adapted to receive such products of combustion, means for forcing air through such casing, out of contact with the products of combustion, means for delivering such air to' the first oven section, and means preventing the intermingling of the atmospheres is such products of combustiommeans for forcing air through, such casing, out of contact with the products of combustion, and means for delivering the air thus heated to the first oven section.
7. A system or, apparatus comprising in' COmblIliLtlOIl a pair of oven sections arranged in a series and through which articles areadapted to be conducted, a combustion chamber arranged below the second own section, the top and bottom walls of suchsecond oven section having openings therethrough to permit the passage of the "products of combustion vertically through such section, an air heater above such second section and adapted to receive the products of combustion therefrom, means for forcing air through such heater, out of contact. with the products of combustion, and means for delivering such heated air to the first oven section.
8. system or apparatus comprising a pair of oven sections arranged in series and through which sections articles are adapted to be conducted, a combustion chamber arranged beneath and substantially co-extensive with the bottom wall of the second oven section, the said bottom wall having openings for the passage. of products of combustion from said chamber, an air heater arranged above such second section receiving the products of combustion therefrom,
and means for circulating air through such heater and means for delivering the same into the first oven section. r 9.. A system or apparatus comprising a 7 pair of oven sections arranged in series with an interposed wall forming an air seal therebetween, and through which sections articles "are adapted to be conducted, a combustion chamber arranged beneath and substantially co-extensive With the bottom wall of the second oven section the said bottom wall having openings therethrough for the passage of products of combustion from said chamber, the upper wall of'the second oven section also having openings adapted to ermit the passage of the products of com ustion therethrough, a collecting hood arranged above such perforated upper wall, an air heater receiving the products of combustion from said hood, means for circulating air through such heater and means for delivering the same into the first oven section. In testimony. whereof, I hereunto aflix my signature.
JAMES M.- HARRISON.
US682355A 1923-12-22 1923-12-22 Apparatus or system for drying, baking, etc. Expired - Lifetime US1566275A (en)

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2526189A (en) * 1946-04-15 1950-10-17 United Wallpaper Inc Moisture removing apparatus
US2755505A (en) * 1951-08-06 1956-07-24 Mechanical Handling Sys Inc Molding plant
US2978528A (en) * 1956-02-13 1961-04-04 Clyde Batteries Pty Ltd Charged accumulator plates in a continuous operation
WO1993005355A1 (en) * 1991-08-29 1993-03-18 Abb Flakt, Inc. Method and apparatus for distributing airflow in a paint baking oven convection zone
WO1995006229A1 (en) * 1993-08-26 1995-03-02 Heat-Win Limited Method and apparatus for continuous drying in superheated steam
WO2003014644A1 (en) * 2001-08-11 2003-02-20 Dunne, Terence, Patrick Processing of organic material

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2526189A (en) * 1946-04-15 1950-10-17 United Wallpaper Inc Moisture removing apparatus
US2755505A (en) * 1951-08-06 1956-07-24 Mechanical Handling Sys Inc Molding plant
US2978528A (en) * 1956-02-13 1961-04-04 Clyde Batteries Pty Ltd Charged accumulator plates in a continuous operation
WO1993005355A1 (en) * 1991-08-29 1993-03-18 Abb Flakt, Inc. Method and apparatus for distributing airflow in a paint baking oven convection zone
US5235757A (en) * 1991-08-29 1993-08-17 Abb Flakt, Inc. Method and apparatus for distributing airflow in a paint baking oven convection zone
WO1995006229A1 (en) * 1993-08-26 1995-03-02 Heat-Win Limited Method and apparatus for continuous drying in superheated steam
US5711086A (en) * 1993-08-26 1998-01-27 Heat-Win Limited Method and apparatus for continuous drying in superheated steam
WO2003014644A1 (en) * 2001-08-11 2003-02-20 Dunne, Terence, Patrick Processing of organic material
US20040220435A1 (en) * 2001-08-11 2004-11-04 Stubbing Thomas John Processing of organic material
EA008518B1 (en) * 2001-08-11 2007-06-29 Данн, Теренс Патрик Processing of organic material
CN100422681C (en) * 2001-08-11 2008-10-01 特伦斯·帕特里克·邓尼 Processing of organic material

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