US1456754A - Gas burner - Google Patents

Description

May 29, 1923. 1,456,754

J. B. ANDERSON GAS BURNER Filed July 14, 1922 2 Sh eets-Sheet 1 FIG.I-

May 29, 1923. 1,456,754

' J. B. ANDERSON GAS BURNER Filed July 14 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet 2' 7 FIG. 1:. I /3 2E l 8 4' Patented May 29, 1923.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

arms 3. ANDERSON, F SEALER 'rowNsHrP, ALLEGHENY- COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA,

ASSIGNOR TO PEOPLES NATURAL GAS COMPANY,

A. GORPQRATION 01E WEST VIRGINIA.

GAS BUBNERr.

' Application filed July 14, 1922. Serial No. 575,103.

describe it; but it will be understood that the invention is applicable to gas burners generally, regardless of the particular pur' pose for which the gas .is consumed.

The particular feature of benefit and advantage of my gas'burner is that I cause the minutely proportioned stream of mingled gas and air to,fi'ow in sinuous course through the burner and I form the burner orifices at the crests of the sinuosities, with this end in view; that, when the stream of fuel delivered through the burner is small,-

the flame shall be concentrated within a relatively small area and, proportionately as the size of the stream increases, the flame shall be spread over' an increasingly larger area.

Incidentally, my burner in its construction is such as to permit its ready adaptation to varying conditions of installation, and particularly to cooking. oves of differing dimensions and proportions.

In the accompanying a view in plan from a ove of a burner for a cooking stove in which my present invention is embodied. Fig. wII is-a view in plan from beneath of the crown plate of this burner, detached. Fig. III is a view' in plan from above of the base plate, detached. Fig. IV is a view in vertical and medial section of the burner, the plane of section being indicatecLby the line IV'-IV, Fig. I. Fig. V is a view of the burner in end elevation, but lacking the gas nozzle. Fig. VI is a view in longitudinal and vertical section of a gas nozzle with its contained valve. Associated with Fig. VI are fragmentary- 50 illustrations of the delivery orifice of. the nozzle in elevation and of a certain tongue in the position it assumes as the valve is unseated. Fig. VII is a view in elevation of an adjustable disk which forms part of drawings Fig. I is the structure, detached from its associate parts. Fig; VIII is a view in side elevation illustrating the applicabiiity of my invention 'in certain features 0 gas nozzles 'of different types. Fig. IX is a fragmentary View in plan from above, illustrating a modification in detail.

Referring, first, to Fig. VI, a casing 1 is provided with an inlet lead 2 and a delivery orifice 3. The valve within the casing is in its-general features such as that desc ibed in myap lication for United States -Le' ters Patent fi ed March 30, 1921, Serial No. 456,798. It may howeveribe of different type, as for instance of the familiar rotary ipllgpt type sufliciently illustrated in Fig. The valve oft-Fig. vI (cf. Fig. IV) consists essentially of a cylindrical body 4 with conical end, .mounted for axial traverse in suitable ways'within chamber 1. An operating' stem 5 extends through a suitable packing gland in the wall of easing 1, and in a direction at right angles to the axis of the valve body. Connection between operating stem and valve body is throu h a pm 6, placed eccentrically on the end 0 the stem 5 and entering a transverse slot 7 in the valve body. The .cylindrical valve body is recessed'on one side as at 8, and the enlarged end 9 of the valve stem enters the or PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA,

recess. The proportions are such that, as

"the stem is turned and the valve body shifted, the, range of valve traverse is limited by abutment of the square end of the recess 8 in the valve body upon the cylindrical face of the enlarged end 9 of the-operating stem. The conical end of the valve'body is, as the valve is shifted, alternately seated and unseated in a properly formed orifice to con-- trol flow. The structure as thus far described is one in which accuracy and durability are combined. All of these matters are minutely described and ex lained in my earlier application for Letters atent alluded I I to above.

The valve, as. I preferably construct it, has a further and additional refinement, not shown in that prior patent application.

The delivery orifice 3 of easing 1 1s a con-- tracted orifice, and the valve body terminates in a tapered tongue 10 which, when the parts are assembled and the valve seated,

extends through and fills the delivery ori fice. As the valve recedes from its seat this tongue is to a greater and greater degree withdrawn (to the right as shown in Figure VI) and the delivery-orifice is left more or less completely unobstructed. The tongue is pivoted to the valve body, and when unrestrained droops from alignment in the.

ing properly proportioned, a most minute gradation in rate of fiow through delivery orifice 3 is obtained, from the cracking of v the valve all the way to its position of fullest opening.

The gas nozzle delivers its stream axlally to an induction passageway formed through the induction member 11. The gas is delivered through the end of the induction member 11, and through this end and around the gas nozzle streams of air are drawn in by the rush of the gas to mingle with the gas in the passageway, and to form therein the combustible mixture. The gas nozzle is supported in the end of induction member 11 by a bridge 12.

Facin the bridge 12 is an adjustable ported isk 13 (cf. Figs. IV, V, and VII),

and facing disk 13 is a damper disk 14. The

two disks 13 and 14 are mounted for rotation on a bushing 15 carried by bridge 12 and encircling the gas nozzle. Disk 13 is manually adjustable, and provision is made, as through a segment 16 of a cylindrical shell integral with disk 13 and overlying the outer surface of the induction member 11, whereby thedisk when rotated to the desired position may be secured by a set screw 17. A latch 31 may be provided, for locking disk 13 against turning beyonda certain polnt. Such latch when present may con stitute a safeguard, to prevent turning by an unskilled person to a degree unsuited to the conditions of a particular installation.

Disk 14 is articulated with the gas valve,

to the end that as the gas valve is opened and closed the damper disk 14 will rotate,

. and the effective area of the ports through disk 13 will correspondingly vary. Manifestly the articulation here may take any suitable or convenient form. Figs. IV and VIII of the drawings show a crank pin 18 carried by the valve stem and making engagement with a crotch19 which extends from the perimeter of the damper disk 14.

Fig, IX indicates that damper disk 14 may be provided witha rack 19, and that this rack may be engaged by a pinion or pinion sector (I term it a quadrant ear) 18 borne concentrically by the stem 0 the valve.

In either case, turning of the valve stem effects a proportionate rotation of disk 14. In the specific form shown in Figs. I and IV the pin 18 is shown to be adjustable, so that it may swing on an arc of larger or smaller radius. This manifestly is a provision atfording possibility of very nice adjustment between valve opening and damper openmg.

The valve stem, as should have been remarked above, whatever be the particular form of the valve, is provided with an operating handle 20.

The induction lead 11 at the end opposite that where the gas and air enter, is widened. and concentric circular openings of unequal diameter 21 and 22 are formed in opposite walls. These opposite walls extend in parallel planes and in normal assembly are horizontally disposed.

The burner is so constructed as to cause the stream of gas to advance in sinuous course. At the crest of the successive sinuosities are delivery orifices for the mixture of gas and air. If the flow be small the combustible mixture will all escape through the orifices in the crest of the first sinuosity. and as the flow increases the excess of flow which does not find escape through the orifices in the first crest will flow on and escapev through the orifices of a succeeding crest or crests. Thus when the flow is small. the flame is concentrated, and as the flow increases the flame is'extended over wider space.

Turning again to the drawings and particularly to Figures I to IV, the construction here consists essentially of three parts.

-The induction member 11 has already been mentioned. Assembled with it are crown piece 23 and base piece 24. The construction of the crown piece will best be understood by comparing Figure II which shows it in plan from beneath with Figure IV which shows it in vertical section. It con sists of an extended tubular portion 25 and concentrically arranged annular folds 26. interconnected through shallow radial folds 27. At the turn of each fold a line of orifices a is formed through the substance of the casting of which this crown member is constituted. Fig. IV shows a plurality of concentric folds, and the orifices a are ar ranged, not exactly at the crest of the turn, but at a slight interval from the crest. The orifices of the first and the second folds are convergently directed. while those of the third fold are directed inwardly,

The base member consists of a (separable) tubular portion 30, of larger diameter than the tubular portion 25, of the crown piece,

plate 24 is further and an essentially flat and circular plate 24 (cf. Fig. III). This base member closes the folds of member 23,-and forms of each annular fold an annular chamber 6, and of each radial fold a radial passageway. The

base plate 24 carries one or more upstanding annular webs 28 and these, when the parts are assembled, entering the chambers b, form partitions within the chambers rising from chamber floor toward the peak of the cham-- ber, but not reaching the peak. The base provided with openings 0 which, when the parts are assembled, register with spaces at in the casting which constitutes the crown plate.

In assembly the tubular member which forms part of the crown plate extends through openings 21 and 22 in the induction member. Its end is threaded to receive the nut 29, and by such means the base member 24 with its tubular portion is clamped between the crown member 23 and the induction member 11, and the whole is integrated and secured.

- portion 30 of the base plate. Thisannular passageway is prolonged upwardly by the innermost of the upstanding cylindrical webs 28. Ascending .through this annular pas-.

sageway the stream of gas spreads radially with respect to the axis A-B, and as it spreads it flows sinuously up and down and up again. Atthe crests of the sinuositles the stream passes over the partition webs 28. In the trough of each sinubsity the tubular portion 30 of stream passes through the connecting passageways 27. At the crest of each sinuosity some of the gas which constitutes the stream escapes. It may be that all escapes, but such as does not escape goes on and ultimately reaches the crest of the next sinuosity. So long as the flow of gas is small,

it all will escape at the first and innermost crest; as the flow increases more and more will flow on to successive sinuosities, and so the extent of the flame will spread proportionately to the quantityof gas supplied.

The provisions adapting this burner for installation in stoves of difierent shapes and dimensions consist in forming the induction member 11 as a telescopic member, and in the clamp union between the induction member 11 on the one hand and the crown piece and base member of the burner on the other. This union admits of the introduction ofa any desired length. These features will be understood without greater elaboration.-

Consideration of Figure IV will show plainly the operation of this device. As the mixture of gas and air' flows from orifices a and burns, the flame is nourished by streams of air which ascend through the central tube 25 and through the aligned 0 enings c and d in base and crown plates. onvergence of the projected jets of flame, due to the particular correlation of orifices a, tends to spread the streams and to intensify combustion.

I claim as my invention:

1. In a gas burner a burner body within which a stream of gas is caused to spread horizontally and radially from a center and as it spreads to flow in sinuous course, the burner body being provided with orifices at the crests of the sinuosities in the stream of gas. v

' 2. In a gas burner structure a plurality of concentric annular chambers connected radially at their bases and ported at their tops, the innermost chamber being incompletely partitioned interiorly by a partition web rising from the bottom of thechamber but not reaching the top, and means for introducing gas to the innermost chamber and on the inner side of the web within.

' 3. In a gas burner structure a plurality of concentric annular chambers connected radially at their bases and provided at their tops with convergently directed orifices, the innermost chamber being incompletely partitioned interiorly'by a web rising from the bottom of the chamber but not reaching the top, and means for introducing gas to the innermost chamber on the inner side of the web within.

4. A gas burner comprising crownv piece, 7

base member, and induction member, the said crown piece being provided with a tubular extension and the induction member with opposite openings, and the base member with a separable tubular extension, andthe parts being adapted to be united, the tubular extension from the crown piece. extending through the'openings in the induction member, and the base member with its .tubular extension clamped by and between crown piece and induction member.

5. A gas burner comprising crown piece, base member, and induction member, said induction member being extensible and being provided at one end with opposite openings, said crown piece being provided with burner orifices, said crown piece and base member being provided each with a tubular extension, .said crown piece and said induction member constituting when the parts are assembled clamping members between which the base member is held in place and the whole integrated. and the two. tubular extensions, the one of the crown piece and the other of the base member entering whenthe parts are assembled the opposite openings of .said induction member and constituting inner and outer walls of an annular passageway leading from said induction member to the burner orifices.

- 6. A gas burner comprising crown piece, base, and induction member, said crown piece including a central tubular member and concentrically arranged annular folds ported at the turn and interconnected by radially extending shallower folds, said base including a plate adapted to engage the crown piece and close the folds thereof, and form therewith a succession of chambers with radial connecting passages, said base being provided with an outstanding annulus which when the parts are assembled incompletelypartitions the space within one of said chambers, and said base being further ported with openings which when the parts are assembled alternate with the said radial passages, said induction member being provided with a gas passageway and with a transverse bore adapted to receive the tubular-member of said crown piece, the outer surface of said tubular member of the crown piece and the inner surface of the annulus with which said base is provided constituting, when the parts are assembled, the opposite walls of'a passageway for gas, continuous with the passageway in the induction member.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

JAMES BI ANDERSON.

Witnessesz' BAYARD H. Cmus'rr, PEnoY A. ENGLISH.

Images