US1031862A - Dust collector or separator. - Google Patents

Description

O. M. MORSE, DEGD. s. e. moasn, SPECIAL ADMINISTRATRIX.

DUST COLLECTOR 0R, SEPARATOR.

APPLIOATION FILED SEPT. so, 1907.

Patented July 9, 1912. k

3 SHEETSSHEET l.

, aam ezu Patented July 9, 1912.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

0. M. MORSE, DEC'D. S. G. MORSE, SPECIAL ADMINISTBATRIX.

DUST CDLLEGTOR 0R SEPARATOR.

APPLIOATION FILED SEPT. 30, 1907- .ENSLSGQQ inocnfbc UruzZZa lffl fafciz? O. M. MORSE, DECD.

s. G. MORSE, SPECIAL ADMINISTRATRIX.

DUST COLLECTOR 0B. SEPARATOR.

LIOATION r 11w31s62 APP ILED SEPT 30 1907 Patented y 1912- 3 SHEETSSHEET 3.

purine snares PATENT omen ORVILLE M. MORSE, 01E JACKSON, MIdI-IIGAN; SARAH G. MORSE SPECIAL ADMINIS- TBATRIX 0F SAID ORVILLE M. MORSE, DECEASED.

DUST COLLECTOR 0R SEPARATOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 9, 1212.

Application filed September 30, 1907 Serial No. 695,125.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that l, ORvILLE M. Monsn, a citizen of the United I Jackson, in the county of Jackson and State of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Dust Collectors or Separators, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in dust collectors or separators, and more particularly to dust collectors or separators which operatein conjunction with an exhaust fan maintaining within such collector or separator a vacuum tendency or rarefied air condition.

One of the objects of my invention is to.

provide a machine of the character described, of upright construction, to occupy a relatively small amount of floor space.

A further object of my invention is to provide a tion is substantially equalized in an area 0 the machine axially beyond the end of the air outlet opening or exhaust stack.

A still further object of my invention is to provide an improved trapping deviceior permitting the constant discharge of material from the material outlet without admitting air to the interior of the machine.

section on line 9-9 vention I provide a casing,

Other and further objects of my invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein; p

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a machine embodying my invention; Fig. 2 is an ele-' vation of the skimmer wall construction; Fi 3 is a transverse section on line 33 of fi igx 1; Fig. 4.- is a detail of the equalizing plate construction, and Fig. 5 is a section on line 5-5 showing the delivery trap construction; Fig. 6 "s a section with parts in elevation of a. modified construction embodying my invention, and Fig. 7 is a section on line 7-7 of Fig; 6. Fig. 8 is a central vertical section of another embodiment of my invention, and Fig. 9 is a horizontal of Fig. 8.

views like nu- Throughout the several always, to like mera'ls of reference refer parts. I

In the venous embodiments of my inpreferably of States, residing at construction whereby the rarefac upright construction, involving'preferably a cylindrical,or nearly-cylindrical top and a conoidal bottom portion, provided in its top with a central air outlet for connection through suitable piping with an exhaust fan, and provided further with a tangential and preferably peripheral inlet, so that the exhaust fan acts to draw air in whirl or rotation through the casing, vided, without the path of travel of the flowing air a rarefied air chamber opening endwise to the whirl fonth'e reception 0 the reclaimable material escaping from the air stream, such rarefied area communi ating with an outlet through which accumulating material may be trapped, and such area being preferably partially separated from the whirl area proper by an equallzing member or plate, operating to prevent undue rarefaction in that portion of the dust collecting area aforesaid alining with the outlet opening. j

In the drawings, referring particularly to Figs. 1 to 5, 15 indicates in general a casing, comprising a deck 16, a generally cylindrical upper section 17 and a conoidal material receiving section 18 therebelow, provided with a material outlet 19.

20 indicates the outlet pipe or stack opening through the deck 16 endwise of the easing, preferably at the center of the deck, and

preferably pro ecting axially somewhat below the deck 16. v 21 indicates the inlet, preferably arranged at a level below the end of the outlet, or exhaust stack 20, and opening in a generally tangential direction to the interior of the casing. 22 indicates a perforated interior wall detachably secured to renewal, and extending preferably from the deck downward to or below the bottom of the inlet 21, separated somewhat from and concentric with the casing wall L7, at its upper end, and having in its lower end an opening to the inlet formed by a deflection of a part of the wall 22' into an eccentric or scroll-like curve contacting with the peripheral wall 17 at its point. of juncture with the outer wall of the tangential inlet 21, such eccentric portion being closed at top and-bottom. Thus'the inlet 21 vents into the area within the perforate wall 22.

the deck 16 for ready.

wherein is pro- Through the wall 22 are made openings 23, preferably extending vertically throughout the entire extent of the wall and arranged at suitable intervals, said openings affordingcommunication between the central area within the wall 22, indicated generally as 24 and the area 25 intermediate wall 22 and the casing wall 17. It will thus be seen that when the machine is in operation and a suitable exhaust fan is exhausting air through stack 21 the dust laden material entering at the inlet 21 flows in a narrowing whirl within the area 24, to the outlet-stack 20,

excluding from the path of air flow the area 26 above thelower end of air outlet 20.

the area 25 and the area 27 below the inlet 21. In these areas the air content is rarefied provided the fan be suitably proportioned to the machine, and the outlet 19 is constantly closed by suitable trapping devices such as those hereafter described.

I preferably further provide in the machine, between the dust-discharge hopper '18 and the whirl area 24, plate 28, which I arbitrarily term an equalizing plate, arranged transversely to the axis of exhaust stack and arranged with respect to. its surrounding parts to leave a peripheral space 29 for the passage of materlal.

For trapping material from the outlet 19 substantially without admitting air, I provide below the outlet 19 a slightly flaring spout 30, having secured to its lower edge throughout its entire periphery a flexible air tight tube 31 preferably .of fabric, having secured to diametrically opposite points at its lower edge wire links 32, normally stretched apart or separated to such. an ex-.

tent as to flatten the mouth of the tube 31 to into a straight line, as by means of a spreader 33 carried by the lower ends of links 32 provided with a weight 34. I have found in practice-that such construction affords a very effective, constantly operating grap for powdered material such as flour est.

In practical operation, it ismy belief, the

heavy particles of material having the greatest specific gravity are-centrifugally expelled from the air current and passing through the apertures 25 in the wall 22 drop down through the space 29 surrounding the equalizing plate 28 into the delivery hopper 18. Lighter dust particles, it is my belieflx be which have not sufficient momentum by reason of their low specific gravity to overcome at once the draft of the air current, escape from such air'current into the rarefied areas in the machine,particularly the areas 26 and 27', the dust entering area 26 finding its Way out through openings 23 into the peripheral area. 25, and thence downward into the -dust hopper 18. I have found that if the casing is open from the dust outlet 65 let, the rarefaction adjacent the dust outlet I coacti on with if desired, be su to the air out-- is too extreme for best practice, and causes the dust to collect at the outlet and tend to bridge. The plate 28 causes more equal distribution of the rarefaction and overcomes such difliculty.

In the embodiment of my invention shown in Figs; 6 and 7 the relative arrangement of the portions 17 and 18 of the casing, and the inlet 21 may be substantiallythe same as in Fig. 1, but through the deck 16 surrounding outlet stack 20' I provide an orifice 40 communicating with the chamber 41 superimposed upon the deck and preferably extending laterally beyond the limits of the cylindrical portion 16, of the casing. In the overhanging part of the chamber I provide a dust-outlet spout 42 having connected to its periphery adjacent its bottom a flexible fabric member 43 forming an automatic trap. Witl1in the casing 41 I provide a sweep construction 44, comprising a sheet metal hub 45 and a series of diverging arms 46 arranged when rotated in the direction of the arrow of Fig. 7 to sweep dust particles outward to the dust-outlet 42.- For driving the sweep construction 44 in rotation I provide an annular ring 47, mounted upon the arms 46, and havingv projecting pins 48 for a finger 49 eccentrically mounted on a head 50 carried by a shaft 51 projecting to the exterior of the casing and arranged to be suitably driven. Obviously each rotation of shaft 51 moves the sweep structure forward the distance of one tooth.. In this form of construction the interior of the cylindrical ortion 17 of the casing may, stantially free, and between the free chamber 24 within such cylindrical part of the casing, and the chamber member 27 Within the conoidal lower section of the casing, I provide a downwardly tapering apron 53, having a central opening 54 alin' ing with the outlet opening 20, there being provided below and in register with the opening 54 an equalizing supported from the wall 0 dust outlet from the base late 28 suitably the casing. The of the conoidal section 18, is preferably provided with a fabric trap of the character heretofore described.

In operation it will be understood that when an exhaust fan is connected with the stack 20 to draw air therethrough, the dust laden air entering the casing sets up a. narrowing whirl within the unobstructed area 24', the heavy dust particles being thrown centrifugally against the casing wall 17 and finding the way down over the inclined,

apron 53 and laterally down through the opening between the lower edge .of the apron 53 and the plate 28, into therarefied area 27 and thence being 't-rappedout of the dust outlet in a manner heretofore described,

Other light dust particles tending to be carried by the draft into the outlet sack 2O menses escapes through the annular opening surrounding the outlet stack into the chamber 41, wherein rarefaction ismaintained, an the dustaccumulating in said chamber 41, which will invariably be of a light quality is swept outward by the arms 46 to pass through the throat 42, and to be trapped outthrough the fabric trap 43 in a manner well understood in the art:

In the embodiment of myrinvention shown in Figs. 8 and 9, the casing is generally of the character shown in Fig. 6, but between the area 2% within the cylindrical section and the area 27 within the conoidal base of the casing is provided a generally horizontal apron 53 having therein a central opening 54" preferably overlain an equalizing plate 28" suitably supported thcreabove out of contact therewith. At a suitable point in the casing wall, preferably adjacent the heel of the inlet 21 is provided a longitudinal slot 56 opening into a small vertical chamber 57 having at its bottom an outlet 58 normally maintained. closed against the ingress of air by a suitable trap 59. In order that the air within the collection chamber 57 may be rarefied, I provide an opening 60 between said chamber and the inlet 21" and to-prevent the escape of dust through said inlet I provide a guard 61 disposed between the orifice 60 and the peripheral opening 56 of the casing wall, In the operation of this construction of machine embodying my invention itwill be understood that ivhen a suction fan is applied to the outlet stack 22 the air whirls from they inlet 21 to the outlet 22 and a condition or rare-faction is set up in the interior of the casing outside of the path of air flow. The heavier dust particles are thrown out tangentially and against the casing wall and escape through the skimmer opening'56 into the dust chamber 57. Lighter dust particles seeking the area of least pressure find their way through the lateral opening between the equalizing late 28 and the apron 53 into the area 27 and is trapped out in the man- I ner heretofore described,

to 9 also ifiaking provision It will thus be seen that the constructions all provide for the collection of both fine and heavy dust, the forms shown in I igs. 6

v for maintaining a separation of the dust into two grades oat diiierent qualities.

While I have herein described in some detail several specific embodiments of my invention, it will be understood that I do not intend to limit my invention in its broader aspect to one or all of such particular constructions, as the various modifications are shown as illustrative of the tact that the embodiment of my invention is not limited in narrow bounds of construction, and that widely various constructions may be employed to embody the gist of my invention.

' rial, positioned remote dust outlet in the invention, what I claim and desire to secure d ent of the United States is:

1. In a machine of the character described, a casing providing an enhaust outlet, a tangential inlet to the casing located suitably to exclude from the air whirl path between said inlet areas of the casing wherein a rarefied air condition may be maintained'by the exhaustion of air through the outlet, and a dust outlet from such area of raretaction alining with the air outlet, an equalizing "device interposed in alinement between the dust and air outlets, and means for trapping dust through said dust outlet substantially withoutadmitting air.

2. In --a machine of the character described, an upright casing having an air axial exhaust outlet in the top thereof for connection with an exhausting means, an axial dust outlet in its bottom, a tangential inlet thereto for air and materialpositioned remote from the dust outlet, whereby said bottom end of the casing is excluded from the path of the air current for rarefaction of its air-content, a trapping means for permitting escape of dust from said dust outlet substantially plate interposed in alinement between said dust outlet and the air outlet for equalizin pressure in the rarefied area adjacent said dust outlet.

3. In a machine of the character described, a casing, an axial air outlet therefrom for connection with an exhaust means, a tangential inlet thereto for air and matefrom the end of the casing opposite said outlet, whereby said end of the casing is excluded from the path of air current for raretaction of its air content, an axial dust outlet from said area for rarefaction, a trapping means permitting escape of dust from said outletsubstantially without admitting air, and a plate interposed transversely across the direct line between the dust outlet and the air outlet.

4-, In a machine of the character de-.

having a tapering scribed, a vertical casing base, an air and material inlet above the base, an exhaust air outlet in the top, a dust outlet in the smaller end of the base, means associated with said dust outlet for trapping material therefrom substantially without admitting air, and a transverse plate interposed between the dust outlet and air outlet.

5. In a machine of the character-described a vertical casing comprising a cylindrical upper portion and a tapering base, having an air-andnmaterials inlet above the base and an exhaust air, outlet in its top and a bottoni'ot the base, means associated with said dust outlet fortrap ing material therefrom substantially witiiout admitting air, and an interior apertured and the exhaust outlet cab casing through which the inlet opens dividing the upper portion of the casing into a central area for the passage of air from the inlet to the outlet, and a peripheral area for rarefaction by exhaustion of air through the outlet, said peripheral area communicating directly with the tapering base for delivery of material thereto. a

6. In a machine of the character described, a vertical casing comprising a cylindrical upper portion and a tapermg base,

having an air and materials inlet above the base, an exhaust air outlet in the top, and a dust outlet in the bot-tom of the base, means associated with the said dust outlet for tra ping material therefrom substantially wit?- out admitting air, an interior, apertured wall through which the inlet opens dividing the upper portion of the easing into a central area for the passage of air from the inlet to the outlet, and a peripheral area for rarefaction by exhaust-ion of air through the outlet, said central area being open at its aoeaeea bottom, and a transverse plate, underlying substantially the entire central area, spaced ,apart vertically from the interior Wall and laterally from the casing, to leave the base in direct vertical communication with the peripheral area of the top portion.

7. In a machine of the character described, a casing, an air outlet therefrom for connection with an'exhaust means, a tan; gential inlet, a dust outlet, and an interior, apertured Wall, dividing the easing into a central area for passage of air to the outlet, and a peripheral area for rarefaction by exhaustion'of air from the casing, said Wall being arranged to receive Within it air and material from the tangential inlet, and said Wall being removably positioned in the casing for ready renewal.

In testimony whereof I hereunto set my I hand in '-"he presence of two Witnesses.

ORVIIJLE M. MORSE. In the presence of WILLIAM B. KNIoKEImooKER,

JOHN L. BENTLEY.

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