KR20230133580A - Feed composition including acorns and a method of producing pork slices of high oleic acid using the same - Google Patents
Feed composition including acorns and a method of producing pork slices of high oleic acid using the same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR20230133580A KR20230133580A KR1020220030749A KR20220030749A KR20230133580A KR 20230133580 A KR20230133580 A KR 20230133580A KR 1020220030749 A KR1020220030749 A KR 1020220030749A KR 20220030749 A KR20220030749 A KR 20220030749A KR 20230133580 A KR20230133580 A KR 20230133580A
- Authority
- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- oleic acid
- feed composition
- pork
- acorn
- Prior art date
Links
- 235000015277 pork Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
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- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
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- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/33—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from molasses
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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Abstract
옥수수, 대두박, 우지, 주정박 (DDGS), 당밀, 설탕, 라임스톤 및 혼합인산칼슘제제 (MDCP)을 포함하는 배합사료 100 중량부에 대하여, 도토리 분말을 5 내지 12 중량부 첨가하는 것을 특징으로 하는 고올레인산 돈육 생산용 돼지사료 조성물 및 이를 이용한 돼지 사육방법으로, 상기 사육방법으로 생산된 돈육은 국내 다른 돈육들에 비해 10 내지 20 중량% 정도 올레인산 함량을 포함한 단가불포화지방산 (monounsaturated fatty aicd; MUFA)을 많이 함유하고 있어 인체건강에 유익할 수 있다.Characterized by adding 5 to 12 parts by weight of acorn powder based on 100 parts by weight of the mixed feed containing corn, soybean meal, beef tallow, distilled grains (DDGS), molasses, sugar, limestone and mixed calcium phosphate (MDCP). A pig feed composition for producing high-oleic acid pork and a pig breeding method using the same, wherein the pork produced by the breeding method contains monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) containing about 10 to 20% by weight of oleic acid compared to other domestic pork. ), so it can be beneficial to human health.
Description
본 발명은 도토리를 포함하는 사료 조성물 및 이를 이용한 고올레인산 돈육 생산 방법을 제공한다.The present invention provides a feed composition containing acorns and a method for producing high oleic acid pork using the same.
육성돈의 경우에는 성장 향상을 위한 고에너지 사료가 급여되어야 한다. 사료에 이용되는 도토리는 참나무속에 속하는 열매로서 전분이 약 70%인 고전분수실로 예부터 구황식품으로 이용되어 왔다. 예로부터 도토리는 돼지와 밀접한 관련이 있다고 전해지는데, 곡류를 먹여서 키워야 하는 돼지가 상수리나무의 열매인 도토리를 좋아하여 도토리를 먹여서 키운 돼지는 굳이 다른 곡류를 찾아 먹일 필요가 없었으며, 맛도 좋다고 한다.In the case of growing pigs, high-energy feed should be fed to improve growth. Acorns used in feed are a fruit belonging to the oak genus and contain about 70% starch, and have been used as a food source since ancient times. It is said that acorns have been closely related to pigs since ancient times. Pigs that were raised on grains liked acorns, the fruit of the oak tree, so pigs raised on acorns did not need to look for other grains to feed, and they are said to taste good. .
또한, 한국어 도토리라는 이름이 돼지와 엮여서 나왔다고 전해지는데 과거에는 돼지를 '돝'이라 불렀으며, 도토리를 '돼지가 먹는 밤'이라고 해서 '돝의 밤'이라는 뜻의 '도태밤'을 거쳐 '도톨밤'이라고 했다가 후에 '도토리'로 떨어져 나왔다고 명명할 만큼 돼지의 천연사료로써 급여됨이 적합하다고 할 수 있다.In addition, it is said that the Korean name Dotori came from its connection with the word pig. In the past, pigs were called 'Dot', and acorns were called 'chestnuts that pigs eat', so they went through 'Dotaebam', which means 'Dot's chestnut', and then 'Dotol'. It can be said that it is suitable to be fed as natural feed to pigs, as it was called 'chestnut' and later fell off as 'acorn'.
이러한 도토리는 중금속 배출과 지사효과를 가지고 있을 뿐만 아니라 다량의 항산화 성분을 함유하고 있어 식품뿐만 아니라 의약 및 산업분야에서도 다양하게 활용되어 왔다.These acorns not only emit heavy metals and have an anti-diarrheal effect, but also contain a large amount of antioxidants, so they have been used in a variety of fields not only in food but also in medicine and industry.
한편, 올레인산은 단가 (이중결합이 한 개)불포화지방산으로서 다가불포화지방산 (이중결합이 두 개 이상)에 비하여 산화에 강한 특징이 있어, 식물에서는 올리브유, 카놀라유 및 아보카도유에 많이 함유되어 있고, 동물에서는 주로 소고기에 많이 포함되어 있다. 이러한 올레인산은 저밀도 콜레스테롤을 낮추고, 심혈관질환을 예방에 도움이 되고, 소고기와 돼지고기의 맛을 좋게 할 수 있다.Meanwhile, oleic acid is a monounsaturated fatty acid (one double bond) that is more resistant to oxidation than polyunsaturated fatty acids (two or more double bonds). In plants, it is abundant in olive oil, canola oil, and avocado oil, and in animals, it is It is mainly contained in beef. This oleic acid lowers low-density cholesterol, helps prevent cardiovascular disease, and improves the taste of beef and pork.
따라서, 이러한 도토리를 이용하여 적절하게 혼합한 돼지 사료 조성물을 돼지에게 급여함으로써 맛도 좋고 인체에 도움이 되는 소고기만큼 올레인산 함량이 높은 돈육을 위한 사료 연구가 계속되고 있는 실정이다.Accordingly, research on feed for pork that is as high in oleic acid as beef, which is delicious and beneficial to the human body, is continuing by feeding pigs an appropriately mixed pig feed composition using acorns.
본 발명의 목적은 옥수수, 대두박, 우지, 주정박 (DDGS), 당밀, 설탕, 라임스톤 및 혼합인산칼슘제제 (MDCP)을 포함하는 배합사료 100 중량부에 대하여, 도토리 분말을 5 내지 12 중량부 첨가하는 것을 특징으로 하는 고올레인산 돈육 생산용 돼지사료 조성물을 제공하는 데에 있다.The purpose of the present invention is to use 5 to 12 parts by weight of acorn powder based on 100 parts by weight of a mixed feed containing corn, soybean meal, beef tallow, distilled grains (DDGS), molasses, sugar, limestone and mixed calcium phosphate (MDCP). The object is to provide a pig feed composition for producing high oleic acid pork, which is characterized by adding.
본 발명의 또 다른 목적은 상기 고올레인산 돈육 생산용 돼지사료 조성물을 육성돈 또는 비육돈의 사료로써 급여하는 단계를 포함하는 돼지의 사육방법 및 상기 사육방법으로 사육된 돼지에서 유래하는 고올레인산 돈육을 제공하는 데에 있다.Another object of the present invention is to provide a pig breeding method comprising feeding the pig feed composition for producing high oleic acid pork as feed to growing or finishing pigs, and high oleic acid pork derived from pigs raised by the breeding method. It is there.
상기 목적을 달성하기 위하여, 본 발명은 옥수수, 대두박, 우지, 주정박 (DDGS), 당밀, 설탕, 라임스톤 및 혼합인산칼슘제제 (MDCP)을 포함하는 배합사료 100 중량부에 대하여, 도토리 분말을 5 내지 12 중량부 첨가하는 것을 특징으로 하는 고올레인산 돈육 생산용 돼지사료 조성물을 제공한다.In order to achieve the above object, the present invention uses acorn powder for 100 parts by weight of a mixed feed containing corn, soybean meal, beef tallow, distilled grains (DDGS), molasses, sugar, limestone, and mixed calcium phosphate preparation (MDCP). Provided is a pig feed composition for producing high oleic acid pork, characterized in that 5 to 12 parts by weight is added.
또한, 본 발명은 상기 고올레인산 돈육 생산용 돼지사료 조성물을 육성돈 또는 비육돈의 사료로써 급여하는 단계를 포함하는 돼지의 사육방법을 제공한다.Additionally, the present invention provides a method for raising pigs, including feeding the pig feed composition for producing high-oleic acid pork as feed to growing or finishing pigs.
또한, 본 발명은 상기 사육방법으로 사육된 돼지에서 유래하는 고올레인산 돈육을 제공한다.In addition, the present invention provides high oleic acid pork derived from pigs raised by the above breeding method.
본 발명은 옥수수, 대두박, 우지, 주정박 (DDGS), 당밀, 설탕, 라임스톤 및 혼합인산칼슘제제 (MDCP)을 포함하는 배합사료에 도토리 분말을 첨가하는 것을 특징으로 하는 고올레인산 돈육 생산용 돼지사료 조성물 및 이를 이용한 돼지의 사육방법으로, 상기 돼지사료로 사육한 돈육은 국내에서 고가임에도 인기가 높은 이베리안 돼지와 같은 높은 올레인산 비율을 가지면서, 저밀도 콜레스테롤을 낮추고, 심혈관질환을 예방하고, 돼지고기의 맛을 좋게 하여, 돼지 농가에 상기 돼지사료의 필요성이 커질 수 있다. The present invention is a pig for high oleic acid pork production, characterized by adding acorn powder to a mixed feed containing corn, soybean meal, beef tallow, distilled grains (DDGS), molasses, sugar, limestone and mixed calcium phosphate (MDCP). As a feed composition and a method for raising pigs using the same, pork raised with the pig feed has a high oleic acid ratio similar to Iberian pigs, which are popular despite being expensive in Korea, lowers low-density cholesterol, prevents cardiovascular disease, and helps pigs By improving the taste of meat, the need for this pig feed may increase for pig farms.
도 1은 돼지사료 조성물 제조 방법을 나타낸다.
도 2는 돼지사료 조성물이 돼지 앞다리살의 가열감량에 미치는 영향을 나타낸다.
도 3은 돼지사료 조성물이 도체 지방의 융점에 미치는 영향을 나타낸다.
도 4는 돼지사료 조성물이 돼지 삼겹살의 관능평가에 미치는 영향을 나타낸다.
도 5는 돼지사료 조성물이 돼지 앞다리살의 관능평가에 미치는 영향을 나타낸다.
도 6은 돼지사료 조성물이 돼지 삼겹살의 지방산 조성에 미치는 영향을 나타낸다.
도 7은 돼지사료 조성물이 돼지 앞다리살의 지방산 조성에 미치는 영향을 나타내다.Figure 1 shows a method for producing a pig feed composition.
Figure 2 shows the effect of the pig feed composition on the heating loss of pork forelimb meat.
Figure 3 shows the effect of pig feed composition on the melting point of carcass fat.
Figure 4 shows the effect of pig feed composition on the sensory evaluation of pork belly.
Figure 5 shows the effect of pig feed composition on the sensory evaluation of pork forelimb meat.
Figure 6 shows the effect of pig feed composition on the fatty acid composition of pork belly.
Figure 7 shows the effect of pig feed composition on the fatty acid composition of pork forelimb meat.
이하, 본 발명을 보다 상세하게 설명한다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail.
기존 국내산 돼지고기에 비해 수요가 많고, 올레인산 함량이 높은 이베리안 돼지를 국내에서도 기존 국내 돼지로부터 사육하여 생산하기 위하여, 도토리 분말을 함유하고 있는 본 발명을 완성하였다.In order to produce Iberian pigs, which are in greater demand than existing domestic pork and have a high oleic acid content, by breeding them in Korea from existing domestic pigs, the present invention containing acorn powder was completed.
본 발명은 옥수수, 대두박, 우지, 주정박 (DDGS), 당밀, 설탕, 라임스톤 및 혼합인산칼슘제제 (MDCP)을 포함하는 배합사료 100 중량부에 대하여, 도토리 분말을 5 내지 12 중량부 첨가하는 것을 특징으로 하는 고올레인산 돈육 생산용 돼지사료 조성물을 제공한다.The present invention is a method of adding 5 to 12 parts by weight of acorn powder based on 100 parts by weight of a mixed feed containing corn, soybean meal, beef tallow, distilled grains (DDGS), molasses, sugar, limestone and mixed calcium phosphate (MDCP). A pig feed composition for high oleic acid pork production is provided.
상기 고올레인산 돈육 생산용 돼지사료 조성물은 지방산 중 올레인산 함량이 43 내지 50 중량%일 수 있으며, 바람직하게 43.5 내지 44.5 중량% 일 수 있다.The pig feed composition for producing high-oleic acid pork may have an oleic acid content of fatty acids of 43 to 50% by weight, preferably 43.5 to 44.5% by weight.
상기 배합사료 조성물은 옥수수 100 중량부에 대하여, 대두박 12 내지 20 중량부, 주정박 (DDGS) 6 내지 10 중량부, 우지 3 내지 7 중량부, 당밀 2 내지 4 중량부, 설탕 1 내지 2 중량부, 라임스톤 2 내지 3 중량부 및 혼합인산칼슘제제 (MDCP) 0.3 내지 1 중량부일 수 있다.The mixed feed composition includes 12 to 20 parts by weight of soybean meal, 6 to 10 parts by weight of distilled grains (DDGS), 3 to 7 parts by weight of beef tallow, 2 to 4 parts by weight of molasses, and 1 to 2 parts by weight of sugar, based on 100 parts by weight of corn. , 2 to 3 parts by weight of limestone, and 0.3 to 1 part by weight of mixed calcium phosphate preparation (MDCP).
상기 도토리 분말은 알곡을 수분 8 내지 14 중량% 상태로 건조시킨 것 일 수 있다.The acorn powder may be dried grains to a moisture content of 8 to 14% by weight.
본 발명에 따른 사료 조성물은 당업계에서 공지된 다양한 형태의 사료로 제조 가능하며, 바람직하게는 농후사료, 조사료 또는 특수사료가 포함될 수 있다.The feed composition according to the present invention can be manufactured from various types of feed known in the art, and may preferably include concentrate feed, roughage feed, or special feed.
농후사료에는 밀, 귀리, 옥수수 등의 곡류를 포함하는 종자 열매류, 곡물을 정제하고 남은 부산물로서 쌀겨, 밀기울, 보릿겨 등을 포함하는 겨류, 콩, 유체, 깨, 아마인, 코코야자 등을 채유하고 얻은 부산물인 깻묵류와 고구마, 감자 등에서 녹말을 뺀 나머지인 녹말찌꺼기의 주성분인 잔존녹말질류 등의 찌꺼기류, 어분, 물고기 찌꺼기, 어류에서 얻은 신선한 액상물 (液狀物)을 농축시킨 것인 피시솔루블 (fish soluble), 육분 (肉粉), 혈분, 우모분, 탈지분유, 우유에서 치즈, 탈지유에서 카제인을 제조할 때의 잔액인 훼이 (whey)를 건조한 건조훼이 등의 동물질사료, 효모, 클로렐라, 해조류 등이 있다.Concentrated feed includes seeds and fruits, including grains such as wheat, oats, and corn; bran, which includes rice bran, bran, and barley bran, which are by-products left after refining grains; It is a product that concentrates residues such as residual starch, which is the main component of the starch residue remaining after removing the starch from the by-products such as seed jelly, sweet potatoes, and potatoes, fishmeal, fish residue, and fresh liquid obtained from fish. Animal feed such as fish soluble, meat meal, blood meal, feather meal, skim milk powder, dried whey, which is the remaining whey when producing cheese from milk and casein from skim milk, yeast, These include chlorella and seaweed.
조사료에는 야초, 목초, 풋베기 등의 생초 (生草)사료, 사료용 순무, 사료용 비트, 순무의 일종인 루터베어거 등의 뿌리채소류, 생초, 풋베기작물, 곡실 (穀實) 등을 사일로에 채워 놓고 젖산 발효시킨 저장사료인 사일리지(silage), 야초, 목초를 베어 건조시킨 건초, 종축용 (種畜用) 작물의 짚, 콩과 식물의 나뭇잎 등이 있다.Forage includes raw grass feed such as wild grass, grass, and green cuttings, turnips for feed, beets for feed, root vegetables such as rutterbearger, a type of turnip, raw grass, green cuttings, and grains, etc., in silos. These include silage, which is stored feed that has been stuffed and fermented with lactic acid, wild grass, hay made by cutting and drying grass, straw from crops used for breeding livestock, and leaves from legumes.
특수사료에는 패각, 암염 등의 미네랄 사료, 요소나 그 유도체인 디우레이드 이소부탄 등의 요소사료, 천연사료 원료만을 배합했을 때 부족하기 쉬운 성분을 보충하거나, 사료의 저장성을 높이기 위해서 배합사료에 미량으로 첨가하는 물질인 사료첨가물, 식이보조제 등이 있다.Special feeds include mineral feeds such as shells and rock salt, urea feeds such as urea and its derivative diureide isobutane, and trace amounts in mixed feeds to supplement ingredients that are likely to be lacking when mixing only natural feed raw materials, or to increase the storability of the feed. There are substances added as feed additives, dietary supplements, etc.
한편, 본 발명에 따른 사료 조성물은 사료 첨가제를 포함하거나 사료 첨가제 일 수 있다.Meanwhile, the feed composition according to the present invention may include a feed additive or may be a feed additive.
본 발명에서 용어 "사료 첨가제" 란 영양소 보충 및 체중감소 예방, 사료 내 섬유소의 소화 이용성 증진, 유질개선, 번식장애 예방 및 수태율 향상, 하절기 고온 스트레스 예방 등 다양한 효과를 목적으로 사료에 첨가하는 물질을 말한다. 본 발명의 사료첨가제는 사료관리법상의 보조사료에 해당하며, 탄산수소나트륨 (중조), 벤토나이트 (bentonite), 산화마그네슘, 복합광물질 등의 광물질제제, 아연, 구리, 코발트, 셀레늄 등의 미량 광물질인 미네랄제제, 케로틴, 비타민 E, 비타민 A, D, E, 니코틴산, 비타민 B 복합체 등의 비타민제, 메티오닌, 리이산 등의 보호아미노산제, 지방산 칼슘염 등의 보호지방산제, 생균제 (유산균제), 효모배양물, 곰팡이 발효물 등의 생균, 효모제 등이 추가로 포함될 수 있다.In the present invention, the term "feed additive" refers to a substance added to feed for the purpose of various effects such as supplementing nutrients and preventing weight loss, improving digestibility of fiber in feed, improving milk quality, preventing reproductive disorders and improving conception rate, and preventing high temperature stress in the summer. says The feed additive of the present invention corresponds to supplementary feed under the Feed Management Act, and includes mineral preparations such as sodium bicarbonate (sodium bicarbonate), bentonite, magnesium oxide, and complex minerals, and trace minerals such as zinc, copper, cobalt, and selenium. Preparations, vitamin preparations such as kerotene, vitamin E, vitamins A, D, E, nicotinic acid, and vitamin B complex, protective amino acid preparations such as methionine and lysic acid, protective fatty acid preparations such as fatty acid calcium salts, probiotics (lactic acid bacteria), yeast culture Water, live bacteria such as mold fermentation products, yeast, etc. may be additionally included.
본 발명에 따른 사료 조성물의 복용량은 개체의 종 (species), 크기 (size), 무게 (weight), 나이 (age)와 같은 다수의 요인들에 좌우될 수 있다.The dosage of the feed composition according to the present invention may depend on a number of factors such as the species, size, weight, and age of the individual.
또한, 본 발명은 상기 고올레인산 돈육 생산용 돼지사료 조성물을 육성돈 또는 비육돈의 사료로써 급여하는 단계를 포함하는 돼지의 사육방법을 제공한다. Additionally, the present invention provides a method for raising pigs, including feeding the pig feed composition for producing high-oleic acid pork as feed to growing or finishing pigs.
또한, 본 발명은 상기 사육방법으로 사육된 돼지에서 유래하는 고올레인산 돈육을 제공한다.In addition, the present invention provides high oleic acid pork derived from pigs raised by the above breeding method.
이하, 본 발명의 이해를 돕기 위하여 실시예 등을 들어 상세하게 설명하기로 한다. 다만 하기의 실시예 등은 본 발명의 내용을 예시하는 것일 뿐 본 발명의 범위가 하기 실시예 등에 한정되는 것은 아니다. 본 발명의 실시예 등은 당업계에서 평균적인 지식을 가진 자에게 본 발명을 보다 완전하게 설명하기 위해 제공되는 것이다.Hereinafter, to aid understanding of the present invention, it will be described in detail through examples. However, the following examples only illustrate the content of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples. Examples of the present invention are provided to more completely explain the present invention to those with average knowledge in the art.
[준비예] 재료 및 방법(Materials and Methods)[Preparation example] Materials and Methods
1) 공시동물1) Official animal
농업회사법인 주식회사 산수골에서 비육돈 (62.5 % 듀록종)으로, 암수 각각 30두 총 60두로 시험하였다.The test was conducted with fattening pigs (62.5% Duroc species) at Sansugol Co., Ltd., an agricultural corporation, with a total of 60 pigs (30 male and female).
2) 실험사료2) Experimental feed
배합사료는 옥수수 55.96 중량%, EX베이스 (옥수수 70 중량%, 대두박 25 중량% 및 우지 5 중량%를 혼합 가공한 것) 20.00 중량%, 대두박 9.36 중량%, 주정박 (distillers dried grains with solubles; DDGS) 5.24 중량%, 우지 3.17 중량%, 당밀 2.00 중량%, 설탕 1.00 중량%, 라임스톤 1.40 중량%, 혼합인산칼슘제제 (mixed dicalcium phosphate; MDCP) 0.30 중량%, 첨가제 (아미노산, 비테인, 비타민/미네랄 프리믹스, 효소제, 생균제, 유기산제, 지방유화제 및 항산화제 복합제제) 1.57 중량%로 구성하였다. 상기 배합사료에는 수분 13.32 중량%, 조단백질 15.09 중량%, 조지방 7.52 중량%, 조섬유 2.49 중량%, 조회분 4.67 중량% 및 가용무질소물 56.91 중량%가 함유되어 있었다.The mixed feed contains 55.96% by weight of corn, 20.00% by weight of EX base (mixed and processed with 70% by weight of corn, 25% by weight of soybean meal, and 5% by weight of beef tallow), 9.36% by weight of soybean meal, and distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS). ) 5.24% by weight, beef tallow 3.17% by weight, molasses 2.00% by weight, sugar 1.00% by weight, limestone 1.40% by weight, mixed dicalcium phosphate (MDCP) 0.30% by weight, additives (amino acids, betaine, vitamins/ It was composed of 1.57% by weight (mineral premix, enzyme, probiotic, organic acid, fat emulsifier and antioxidant complex). The mixed feed contained 13.32% by weight of moisture, 15.09% by weight of crude protein, 7.52% by weight of crude fat, 2.49% by weight of crude fiber, 4.67% by weight of ash, and 56.91% by weight of soluble nitrogen-free matter.
통도토리 분말은 경기도 남양주 일원에서 채취한 자연산 도토리로, 알곡을 수분 12 중량% 내외 상태로 건조하여, 가공 분말화 하였다. 상기 통도토리 분발에는 수분 12.74 중량%, 조단백질 4.93 중량%, 조지방 2.77 중량%, 조섬유 11.58 중량%, 조회분 2.61 중량% 및 가용무질소물 65.37 중량%가 함유되어 있었다.Whole acorn powder is a natural acorn collected from around Namyangju, Gyeonggi-do, and the grains are dried to about 12% moisture by weight and processed into powder. The whole acorn powder contained 12.74% by weight of moisture, 4.93% by weight of crude protein, 2.77% by weight of crude fat, 11.58% by weight of crude fiber, 2.61% by weight of ash, and 65.37% by weight of soluble nitrogen-free matter.
배합사료에 도토리 분말을 처리구에 따른 중량비로 혼합하였는데, 도 1에 따를 때, 배합사료 및 도토리 분말 (AP) 19:1 중량비로 혼합한 사료 (이하, 도토리5라함); 및 배합사료 및 도토리 분말 9:1 중량비로 혼합한 사료 (이하, 도토리10이라함)를 제조하였다.Acorn powder was mixed with the mixed feed at a weight ratio according to the treatment group. According to Figure 1, the mixed feed and acorn powder (AP) were mixed at a weight ratio of 19:1 (hereinafter referred to as Acorn 5); And a feed (hereinafter referred to as acorn 10) was prepared by mixing the compound feed and acorn powder at a weight ratio of 9:1.
[실험예] 조사항목[Experimental example] Survey items
1) 체중1) body weight
시험개시시와 종료시에 시험돼지의 개체별 체중을 측정하였다.The body weight of each test pig was measured at the beginning and end of the test.
2) 사료섭취량2) Feed intake
각 돈방 (10두)의 사료섭취량은 급여량에서 잔량을 공제하여 구하였으며, 매일 오전 사료 급여 전에 잔량을 측정하였다.The feed intake for each pig pen (10 pigs) was obtained by deducting the remaining amount from the feeding amount, and the remaining amount was measured every morning before feeding.
3) 도축3) Slaughter
실험이 끝난 시험돼지는 12시간 절식 후 인근 도축장으로 출하, 도축하였다.After the experiment was completed, the test pigs were shipped to a nearby slaughterhouse and slaughtered after fasting for 12 hours.
4) 등급판정4) Grading
시험돼지의 도체는 4 ℃ 예냉실에서 24시간 예냉 후 등급판정을 실시하였다. 등급 판정은 “축산물등급판정세부기준” (농림축산식품부고시 제2020-12호; 2020. 12. 29)에 따라 실시하였다.The carcasses of the test pigs were pre-cooled in a pre-cooling room at 4°C for 24 hours and then graded. The grading was conducted in accordance with the “Detailed standards for grading of livestock products” (Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs Notice No. 2020-12; December 29, 2020).
5) 시료채취 및 준비5) Sample collection and preparation
등급 판정이 끝난 시험돼지 도체의 삼겹살과 앞다리살을 시료 채취한 다음, 냉장 상태로 실험실로 운반하였다. 가열감량 및 관능평가용 시료는 덩어리째 진공포장 후 보관하였으며, 일반성분, 융점 및 지방산 분석용 시료는 식품용 분쇄기로 균질화 (homogenizing) 한 다음 각 분석 항목별로 구분해서 식품보관용 비닐백에 넣어 -50 ℃ 냉동고에 보관하였다.The pork belly and foreleg meat of the graded test pig carcasses were sampled and then transported to the laboratory in a refrigerated state. Samples for heat loss and sensory evaluation were vacuum-packed and stored as lumps, and samples for general composition, melting point, and fatty acid analysis were homogenized using a food grinder, then separated by each analysis item and placed in plastic bags for food storage. Stored in a 50°C freezer.
6) 일반성분6) General ingredients
시료의 일반성분은 AOAC (Association of Official Analytical Chemists)법에 따라 분석하였다.The general components of the sample were analyzed according to the AOAC (Association of Official Analytical Chemists) method.
7) 가열감량7) Heating loss
시험돼지의 앞다리살 샘플을 약 25 g을 필름에 밀봉한 다음, 워터배스 내에서 중심부 온도가 70 ℃에 도달한 다음, 30분간 가열한 후, 실온에서 1시간 냉각시킨 다음, 수분 손실량을 측정하여 다음 식에 의하여 가열감량 (가열감량(%) = [수분 손실량(g)/시료 무게(g)]*100)을 계산하였다. Approximately 25 g of the foreleg meat sample from the test pig was sealed in film, then placed in a water bath until the core temperature reached 70°C, heated for 30 minutes, cooled at room temperature for 1 hour, and then the moisture loss was measured. Heating loss (heating loss (%) = [moisture loss (g)/sample weight (g)]*100) was calculated using the following equation.
8) 융점8) Melting point
각 시험돼지의 도체에서 채취한 삼겹살과 앞다리살로부터 추출한 지방을 융점 측정용 모세관 (capillary tube)에 1 ㎝씩 담고 -20 ℃에 냉동시켰다. 가열 교반기 (Hot stirrer)의 온도가 2분에 1 ℃씩 상승하게 유지시키고, 모세관 (capillary tube)에 들어있는 지방이 녹기 시작하여 1 ㎝ 상승 시의 온도를 측정하여 융점으로 하였다. Fat extracted from pork belly and forelimb meat collected from the carcass of each test pig was placed in 1 cm each in a capillary tube for measuring melting point and frozen at -20°C. The temperature of the hot stirrer was maintained to increase by 1°C every 2 minutes, and the temperature when the fat in the capillary tube began to melt and rose 1 cm was measured and taken as the melting point.
9) 관능평가9) Sensory evaluation
훈련된 9명의 패널리스트들이 항목별 관능평가를 실시하였다. 각 시료별 관능평가 항목은, 연도, 다즙성, 풍미 및 종합기호도로 구분하여 평가하도록 하였으며, 각 항목별 5점 척도법으로 관능평가를 실시하였다.Nine trained panelists conducted sensory evaluation for each item. Sensory evaluation items for each sample were evaluated by dividing them into age, juiciness, flavor, and overall preference, and sensory evaluation was conducted using a 5-point scale for each item.
10) 지방산 조성10) Fatty acid composition
삼겹살과 앞다리살 시료의 지방산 분석을 위해서 시료를 균질기 (homogenizer; CH-6014, Polytron PT-MR-2100. Switzerland)로 분쇄한 후, 약 2 g을 채취하여 클로로폼(chloroform) : 메탄올(methanol) 2:1 혼합용액을 5 mL 넣어 지방을 추출하였다. 지방을 추출한 샘플을 필터로 걸러내고 염화칼륨을 8 mL 첨가한 후 상층액을 취하여 70 ℃ 워터배스 (C-WBE : Chang Shin Science Co. Korea)에서 건조시켰다.For fatty acid analysis of pork belly and forelimb meat samples, the samples were pulverized with a homogenizer (CH-6014, Polytron PT-MR-2100. Switzerland), then about 2 g was collected and mixed with chloroform: methanol. ) 5 mL of 2:1 mixed solution was added to extract the fat. The fat-extracted sample was filtered, 8 mL of potassium chloride was added, and the supernatant was taken and dried in a 70°C water bath (C-WBE: Chang Shin Science Co. Korea).
추출된 지방에 메탄올(methanol) : 벤젠(benzene) 4:1 혼합용액 2 mL와 염화아세틸 (acetyl chloride) 200 ㎕를 넣고 40분간 가열하였다.2 mL of methanol:benzene 4:1 mixed solution and 200 ㎕ of acetyl chloride were added to the extracted fat and heated for 40 minutes.
아이소옥탄 (Isooctane) 1 mL와 6 % 탄산칼륨 (potassium carbonate) 용액 약 8 mL를 첨가한 다음 원심분리기 (table-top centrifuge; Hanil, Korea)로 1,500 rpm에서 10분간 원심 분리 후, 상층액을 GC용 바이알에 옮겨 분석 시까지 보관하였다.After adding 1 mL of isooctane and about 8 mL of 6% potassium carbonate solution, centrifugation was performed at 1,500 rpm for 10 minutes using a table-top centrifuge (Hanil, Korea), and the supernatant was subjected to GC. It was transferred to a vial and stored until analysis.
가스크로마토그래피 (Gas chromatograph; Perkin Elmer, Clarus 500)를 이용하여 Omegawax 320(0.32㎜×30m film thickness : 0.25㎛) 컬럼에 오븐 온도 200 ℃, 인젝터 온도 250 ℃ 및 디텍터 온도 270 ℃조건 아래 3 ㎕씩 주입하여 지방산을 분석하였다.Using gas chromatography (Perkin Elmer, Clarus 500), 3 ㎕ each was added to an Omegawax 320 (0.32㎜×30m film thickness: 0.25㎛) column under the conditions of oven temperature of 200℃, injector temperature of 250℃, and detector temperature of 270℃. Fatty acids were analyzed by injection.
11) 통계처리11) Statistical processing
각 측정 및 분석 항목별 분산분석은 처리구간 일원배치분산분석으로 하였으며, ANOVA test 후 유의성(p=0.05) 검증은 덩컨 (Duncan)의 다중검정법을 이용하였다.Analysis of variance for each measurement and analysis item was performed using one-way ANOVA for each treatment section, and Duncan's multiple test method was used to verify significance (p=0.05) after the ANOVA test.
[실시예 1] 체중 및 사료섭취량[Example 1] Body weight and feed intake
표 1에 의할 때, 시험돼지의 처리별 시작체중, 종료체중, 도체중, 도체율 및 일당증체량에는 차이가 없었다. 또한, 돈방 단위로 측정한 사료섭취량 (kg/두/일)에는 차이가 없었으며, 사료요구율 (kg Feed/kg BW gain)은 도토리5에서 다소 높았으나 유의미한 차이는 아니었다. According to Table 1, there was no difference in the starting weight, ending weight, carcass weight, carcass rate, and daily weight gain of the test pigs by treatment. In addition, there was no difference in feed intake (kg/head/day) measured in pig pen units, and the feed demand rate (kg Feed/kg BW gain) was slightly higher in Acorn 5, but was not a significant difference.
kg/두/일Daily weight gain (ADG),
kg/two/day
kg/두/일feed intake,
kg/two/day
kg Feed/kg BWFeed conversion ratio (FCR),
kg Feed/kg BW
[실시예 2] 도체특성[Example 2] Conductor characteristics
표 2에 의할 때, 시험돼지의 도체중은 88.3 내지 88.7 kg, 등지방두께는 19.9 내지 20.7 mm의 범위를 나타내었으며, 처리별 유의적인 차이는 없었다. 또한, 도체중과 등지방두께에 따른 도체등급은 1+등급, 1등급 및 2등급으로 판정을 하는데, 통계분석을 위하여 이를 점수화 (1+=3점, 1=2점, 2=1점)한 결과, 도토리5는 2.0점, 대조구는 2.4점을 나타내었으나, 유의한 차이는 없었다.According to Table 2, the carcass weight of the test pigs ranged from 88.3 to 88.7 kg, the back fat thickness ranged from 19.9 to 20.7 mm, and there was no significant difference by treatment. In addition, carcass grades according to carcass weight and back fat thickness are determined as 1 + grade, 1 grade and 2 grade, which are scored for statistical analysis (1 + = 3 points, 1 = 2 points, 2 = 1 point). As a result, Acorn 5 scored 2.0 points and the control group scored 2.4 points, but there was no significant difference.
1) 1+=3점, 1=2점, 2=1점 1) 1 + =3 points, 1=2 points, 2=1 point
[실시예 3] 도체 일반성분[Example 3] General conductor components
표 3에 의할 때, 시험돼지 삼겹살의 수분은 59.8 내지 61.0 중량%, 지방은 20.7 내지 23.2 중량%, 단백질은 16.4 내지 17.2 중량%의 범위를 나타내었으며, 처리구에 따른 차이는 없었다.According to Table 3, the moisture of the test pork belly ranged from 59.8 to 61.0% by weight, fat from 20.7 to 23.2% by weight, and protein from 16.4 to 17.2% by weight, and there was no difference depending on the treatment group.
표 4에 의할 때, 시험돼지 앞다리살의 수분은 71.1 내지 71.9 중량%, 지방은 7.6 내지 8.9중량%, 단백질은 19.8 내지 19.9 중량%의 범위를 나타내었으며, 처리구에 따른 차이는 없었다.According to Table 4, the moisture of the test pork forelimbs ranged from 71.1 to 71.9% by weight, the fat from 7.6 to 8.9% by weight, and the protein from 19.8 to 19.9% by weight, and there was no difference depending on the treatment group.
[실시예 4] 가열감량[Example 4] Heating loss
표 5 및 도 2에 의할 때, 시험돼지의 앞다리살을 대상으로 측정한 가열감량은, 대조구 25.5 %에 비하여 도토리5와 도토리10이 각각 22.3 %와 21.1 %를 나타내어 유의하게 (p<0.05) 낮았다. 가열감량은 돈육을 가열 하였을 때 손실 및 증발되는 수분이 주된 이유이며, 가열감량이 높으면 돈육을 가열 중에 수분이 많이 손실되고 따라서 육질이 나쁘다고 해석할 수 있어서, 도토리5와 도토리10의 가열감량이 대조구에 비하여 유의적 (p<0.05)으로 낮았다는 결과는 돈육의 육질이 좋아졌다는 의미를 가질 수 있다고 판단했다.According to Table 5 and Figure 2, the heating loss measured on the forelimb meat of the test pig was significant (p<0.05), showing 22.3% and 21.1% for Acorn 5 and Acorn 10, respectively, compared to 25.5% for the control. It was low. The main reason for the heating loss is the moisture lost and evaporated when pork is heated. If the heating loss is high, a lot of moisture is lost during heating, which can be interpreted as poor meat quality, so the heating loss of Acorn 5 and Acorn 10 is compared to the control group. It was judged that the result of being significantly (p<0.05) lower than that could mean that the meat quality of the pork had improved.
[실시예 5] 융점[Example 5] Melting point
표 6 및 도 3에 의할 때, 융점은, 삼겹살의 경우, 대조구는 28.4 ℃, 도토리5는 27.2 ℃ 및 도토리10은 26.4 ℃로써, 도토리10구가 대조구에 비하여 2 ℃나 낮았다 (p<0.05). 또한, 앞다리살 (전지)의 융점은, 대조구는 29.4 ℃, 도토리5는 28.6 ℃ 및 도토리10은 26.6 ℃로써, 도토리 분말을 포함하는 사료조성물을 섭취한 시험돼지에서 모두 유의하게 (p<0.05) 융점이 낮았다. 융점이 낮을 경우, 돈육을 조리하여 섭취할 때 연도 및 맛에 좋은 영향을 미치는데, 상기 결과를 종합할 때, 도토리 급여로 인해 지방의 융점이 낮아져 연도 및 맛에 좋은 영향이 있을 것으로 판단했다.According to Table 6 and Figure 3, in the case of pork belly, the melting point was 28.4 ℃ for the control, 27.2 ℃ for 5 acorns, and 26.4 ℃ for 10 acorns, which was 2 ℃ lower for 10 acorns than the control (p<0.05 ). In addition, the melting point of the forelimb meat (whole fat) was 29.4 ℃ for the control, 28.6 ℃ for acorn 5, and 26.6 ℃ for acorn 10, all significantly (p<0.05) in the test pigs that consumed the feed composition containing acorn powder. The melting point was low. If the melting point is low, it has a positive effect on the tenderness and taste when cooking and consuming pork. Considering the above results, it was determined that feeding acorns would lower the melting point of fat and have a positive effect on the tenderness and taste.
[실시예 6] 관능평가[Example 6] Sensory evaluation
1) 삼겹살1) Pork belly
표 7 및 도 4에 의할 때, 비육돈의 사료 내 도토리 분말을 포함하는 사료 조성물을 급여하였을 때, 삼겹살의 연도는 5점 척도 기준 3.6을 나타내었으며, 대조구의 3.1에 비하여 부드러운 것으로 나타났다 (p>0.05). 삼겹살의 다즙성, 풍미 및 종합기호도 평가항목 모두 도토리5 또는 도토리10를 섭취한 시험돼지에서 통계적으로 유의하게 (p<0.05) 높은 점수를 나타내었다. 이는 비육돈의 사료 내 도토리 분말을 일정 비율 포함시킴으로써, 맛이 현저하게 개선되었음으로 판단했다.According to Table 7 and Figure 4, when feeding a feed composition containing acorn powder in the feed of finishing pigs, the tenderness of pork belly was 3.6 on a 5-point scale, and was softer than 3.1 in the control group (p> 0.05). The test pigs that consumed acorn 5 or acorn 10 showed statistically significantly (p<0.05) higher scores in all evaluation items including juiciness, flavor, and overall preference of pork belly. It was judged that the taste was significantly improved by including a certain ratio of acorn powder in the feed of finishing pigs.
1) 연도; 1=매우 단단하다, 5=매우 부드럽다, 2) 다즙성; 1=매우 건조하다, 5=매우 촉촉하다 3) 풍미; 1=매우 향이 나쁘다, 5=매우 향이 좋다, 4) 종합기호도; 1=매우 나쁘다, 5=매우 좋다 1) Year; 1=very firm, 5=very soft, 2) juicy; 1=very dry, 5=very moist 3) Flavor; 1=very bad scent, 5=very good scent, 4) overall preference; 1=very bad, 5=very good
2) 앞다리살2) Front leg meat
표 8 및 도 5에 의할 때, 시험돼지의 앞다리살에 대한 관능평가 결과를 보면, 도토리10에서 현저하게(p<0.05) 높은 점수를 나타내었다.According to Table 8 and Figure 5, the sensory evaluation results for the forelimb meat of the test pig showed a significantly (p<0.05) high score in Acorn 10.
삼겹살과 앞다리살에 대한 관능평가 결과를 종합해 보면, 도토리 분말을 포함하는 사료조성물을 섭취한 시험돼지의 가열감량과 융점이 대조구에 비하여 현저하게 낮았다는 결과와도 연관이 있는 것으로 판단했다.Comprehensing the results of the sensory evaluation of pork belly and forelimb meat, it was judged to be related to the result that the heating loss and melting point of the test pigs that consumed the feed composition containing acorn powder were significantly lower than those of the control group.
[실시예 7] 지방산 조성[Example 7] Fatty acid composition
1) 삼겹살1) Pork belly
표 9 및 도 6에 의할 때, 삼겹살의 지방산 비율은 올레인산을 제외하고는 처리구간에 유의한 차이가 없었으며, 총 불포화지방산 비율이 도토리5 및 도토리10에서 수치상 높았으나 통계적인 유의성은 없었다 (p>0.05). 시험돼지의 삼겹살 내 올레인산 (C18:1) 비율은, 대조구 40.2 중량%, 도토리5 43.9 중량% 및 도토리10 44.2 중량%로써, 대조구에 비하여 도토리5는 3.7 중량%, 도토리10는 4.0 중량% 증가하였다 (p<0.05). According to Table 9 and Figure 6, there was no significant difference in the fatty acid ratio of pork belly between treatment groups except for oleic acid, and the total unsaturated fatty acid ratio was numerically higher in Acorn 5 and Acorn 10, but there was no statistical significance ( p>0.05). The ratio of oleic acid (C18:1) in the pork belly of the test pig was 40.2% by weight for the control, 43.9% by weight for Acorn 5, and 44.2% by weight for Acorn 10, which increased by 3.7% by weight for Acorn 5 and 4.0% by weight for Acorn 10 compared to the control. (p<0.05).
2) 앞다리살2) Front leg meat
표 10 및 도 7에 의할 때, 시험돼지 앞다리살의 올레인산 (C18:1) 비율은, 대조구 43.3 중량%, 도토리5 47.0 중량% 및 도토리10 47.5 중량%로써, 도토리분말을 섭취한 시험구에서 올레인산 (C18:1) 비율이 대조구에 비하여 각각 3.7 중량% 및 4.2 중량% 증가하였다 (p<0.05).According to Table 10 and Figure 7, the oleic acid (C18:1) ratio of the test pig's forelimbs was 43.3% by weight for the control group, 47.0% by weight for Acorn 5, and 47.5% by weight for Acorn 10, and the oleic acid in the test group that consumed acorn powder was 47.5% by weight. (C18:1) ratio increased by 3.7% by weight and 4.2% by weight, respectively, compared to the control (p<0.05).
전술한 본 발명의 설명은 예시를 위한 것이며, 본 발명이 속하는 기술 분야의 통상의 지식을 가진 자는 본 발명의 기술적 사상이나 필수적인 특징을 변경하지 않고서 다른 구체적인 형태로 쉽게 변형이 가능하다는 것을 이해할 수 있을 것이다. 그러므로 이상에서 기술한 실시예들은 모든 면에서 예시적인 것이며 한정적이 아닌 것으로 이해해야만 한다. The description of the present invention described above is for illustrative purposes, and those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention can be easily modified into other specific forms without changing the technical idea or essential features of the present invention. will be. Therefore, the embodiments described above should be understood in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive.
본 발명의 범위는 후술하는 청구범위에 의하여 나타내어지며, 청구범위의 의미 및 범위 그리고 그 균등 개념으로부터 도출되는 모든 변경 또는 변형된 형태가 본 발명의 범위에 포함되는 것으로 해석되어야 한다.The scope of the present invention is indicated by the claims described below, and all changes or modified forms derived from the meaning and scope of the claims and their equivalent concepts should be construed as being included in the scope of the present invention.
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