JPH11324883A - Horizontal shaft hydraulic machine and operating method thereof - Google Patents
Horizontal shaft hydraulic machine and operating method thereofInfo
- Publication number
- JPH11324883A JPH11324883A JP11027255A JP2725599A JPH11324883A JP H11324883 A JPH11324883 A JP H11324883A JP 11027255 A JP11027255 A JP 11027255A JP 2725599 A JP2725599 A JP 2725599A JP H11324883 A JPH11324883 A JP H11324883A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- runner
- pipe
- water
- valve
- main shaft
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
Landscapes
- Control Of Water Turbines (AREA)
- Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【0001】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、横軸水力機械に係
わり、特に排水ポンプ起動時、あるいは調相運転時のラ
ンナの空転運転から揚水運転または発電運転へ移行する
際、過大な振動を生ずることなく安全に移行できる横軸
水力機械およびその運転方法に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a horizontal-axis hydraulic machine, and in particular, generates excessive vibration when a drainage pump is started or when the runner shifts from idling operation to pumping operation or power generation operation during phase adjustment operation. TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a horizontal-axis hydraulic machine that can be safely transferred without any problems and a method of operating the same.
【0002】[0002]
【従来の技術】ー般に、横軸水力機械は、立軸水力機械
に比べて掘削やコンクリート打設が少なく据え付け期間
が短い特徴を有するが、排水ポンプ起動時に行う水面押
し下げ運転から揚水運転時に移行する技術が立軸水力機
械に比べて難しいことから、主として単機容量10MW
以下のものに適用されており、その構成として図11に
示すものがある。2. Description of the Related Art Generally, a horizontal-axis hydraulic machine has a feature that it requires less excavation and concrete casting and a shorter installation period than a vertical-axis hydraulic machine. Technology is more difficult than a vertical hydraulic machine, so the single unit capacity is 10MW.
It is applied to the following, and its configuration is shown in FIG.
【0003】符号1は渦巻ケーシングであり、動水(流
水)をランナに導くものである。この渦巻ケーシング1
は、上池30と水圧管31、入口弁32を介して接続
し、入口弁32の開閉操作時に動作トルクを低減するた
めのバイパス管33が水圧管31から入口弁32を迂回
して渦巻ケーシング1の入口近傍にバイパス弁34を介
して接続されている。渦巻ケーシング1の内径側には動
水を整流するためのステーベーン2が設けられており、
このステーベーン2の後流側は、ランナ室3aに連通し
ている。Reference numeral 1 denotes a spiral casing, which guides fluid (running water) to a runner. This spiral casing 1
Is connected to the upper pond 30 via a hydraulic pipe 31 and an inlet valve 32, and a bypass pipe 33 for reducing operating torque at the time of opening and closing the inlet valve 32 bypasses the inlet valve 32 from the hydraulic pipe 31 and forms a spiral casing. 1 is connected to the vicinity of the inlet via a bypass valve 34. A stay vane 2 for rectifying hydraulic fluid is provided on the inner diameter side of the spiral casing 1.
The downstream side of the stay vane 2 communicates with the runner chamber 3a.
【0004】ランナ室3aは、入口側に動水の流量調節
をする回動自在なガイドベーン3と、その後流に動水の
エネルギを受けて回転トルクに変えるランナベーン4と
を有する構成になっている。[0004] The runner chamber 3a has a rotatable guide vane 3 at the inlet side for adjusting the flow rate of hydraulic fluid, and a runner vane 4 which receives the energy of the hydraulic fluid in the subsequent flow and changes the rotational torque. I have.
【0005】また、このランナベーン4の一側に、動水
の漏水が機外に流出しないようにするための発電電動機
側サイドカバー5により覆設されたランナ背圧室6を備
え、またその他側に吸出管側サイドカバ−7により覆設
された側圧室8を備えている。On one side of the runner vane 4, there is provided a runner back pressure chamber 6 covered by a generator motor side cover 5 for preventing leakage of hydraulic fluid from flowing out of the machine. Is provided with a side pressure chamber 8 covered by a suction pipe side cover 7.
【0006】ランナベーン4の出口端側には、横形配置
の主軸(回転軸)9が配設されており、この主軸9にラ
ンナベーン4を狭設するクラウン10が固設され、ラン
ナベーン4の他方にはバンド11が固設されている。ラ
ンナベーン4の出口側には、これに連通する吸出管12
が設けられており、この吸出管12により動水の運動エ
ネルギの回収を図っている。At the outlet end side of the runner vane 4, a main shaft (rotating shaft) 9 having a horizontal arrangement is disposed, and a crown 10 for narrowing the runner vane 4 is fixed to the main shaft 9, and the other end of the runner vane 4 is fixed to the other end of the runner vane 4. Has a band 11 fixed. The outlet side of the runner vane 4 has a suction pipe 12 communicating therewith.
The suction pipe 12 is used to recover the kinetic energy of the hydraulic fluid.
【0007】なお、ランナ室3aのガイドベーン3の出
口側の静止部側流路壁と吸出管12の間に、両者を連通
するように連絡管15が設けられ、連絡管15の途中に
は弁15aが設けられており、この連絡管15は、水面
押し下げ運転の際にガイドベーン3から動水の漏水がラ
ンナベーン4に接触するのをさけるために、ランナ外周
部から吸出管12へ積極的に案内するものである。ま
た、給排気管13および14の一部には、それぞれ給排
気弁13a,14aが配設され、給排気管13および1
4の他端部には図示しない空気タンクに連通するように
接続されている。A connecting pipe 15 is provided between the stationary part side flow path wall on the outlet side of the guide vane 3 of the runner chamber 3a and the suction pipe 12 so as to communicate the two. A valve 15a is provided, and this connecting pipe 15 is provided from the outer periphery of the runner to the suction pipe 12 in order to prevent the leakage of the dynamic water from the guide vane 3 from coming into contact with the runner vane 4 during the water surface lowering operation. It is to guide. In addition, supply / exhaust valves 13a and 14a are respectively provided in a part of the supply / exhaust pipes 13 and 14, and the supply / exhaust pipes 13 and 1 are provided.
The other end of 4 is connected to communicate with an air tank (not shown).
【0008】このような構成の従来の横軸水力機械は、
排水ポンプ起動時あるいは調相運転時、ランナベーン4
を充水する動水を、図示のように吸出管12の下方まで
高圧空気により押し下げて、いわゆる水面押し下げ運転
を行い、運転中のランナベーン4の駆動回転トルクの軽
減を図っている。すなわち、水面押し下げ運転は、図示
しない空気タンクからの高圧空気が、吸出管12側の給
排気管13および背圧室6側の給排気管14を通して投
入され、その空気の圧力により動水を吸出管12の下方
まで強制的に押し下げるものである。[0008] The conventional horizontal-axis hydraulic machine having such a configuration is as follows.
Runner vane 4 when drain pump is started or in phase operation
As shown in the drawing, the hydraulic fluid is charged down to the lower side of the suction pipe 12 by high-pressure air to perform a so-called water surface pushing-down operation, thereby reducing the driving rotational torque of the runner vane 4 during operation. That is, in the water surface pushing-down operation, high-pressure air from an air tank (not shown) is supplied through the air supply / exhaust pipe 13 on the suction pipe 12 side and the air supply / exhaust pipe 14 on the back pressure chamber 6 side, and the pressure of the air sucks hydraulic fluid. It is forcibly pushed down to below the tube 12.
【0009】そして、水面押し下げ運転が終わると、給
排気管13、14から高圧空気を機外に放出させて吸出
管12内の動水面を上昇させてランナ室3aを満水し、
ランナ室3aに連通するガイドベーン3の内側のプライ
ミング圧力が所定値になったことを条件に、ガイドベー
ン3を開操作し、揚水運転(ポンプ運転)または発電運
転(水車運転)の負荷が出力されるように移行してい
く。When the water surface pushing-down operation is completed, high-pressure air is discharged from the supply / exhaust pipes 13 and 14 to the outside of the machine to raise the hydraulic surface in the suction pipe 12 to fill the runner chamber 3a with water.
Under the condition that the priming pressure inside the guide vane 3 communicating with the runner chamber 3a reaches a predetermined value, the guide vane 3 is opened, and the load of the pumping operation (pump operation) or the power generation operation (water turbine operation) is output. The transition will be made.
【0010】[0010]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】ところで、前述の水面
押し下げ運転および動水のランナ室3aへの充水運転に
際し、従来からいくつかの問題点があった。ー般に、こ
の種の運転は、動水のランナ室3aへの充水中といえど
もランナベ一ン4は回転している。However, there have been some problems in the operation of pushing down the water surface and the operation of filling the runner chamber 3a with the moving water described above. In general, this type of operation is such that the runner vane 4 is rotating even though the running water is filled in the runner chamber 3a.
【0011】立軸水力機械では吸出管12からの動水が
ランナベーン4にほぼ均等に流入するが、横軸水力機械
ではランナベーン4のバンド11の最小径側下方部から
の流入になるため、動水がランナベーン4にさしかかる
と、その回転力で吹き飛ばされる際アンバランスが生じ
て大きな振動、騒音が発生し運転不能に陥ることがあっ
た。In the vertical hydraulic machine, the hydraulic fluid from the suction pipe 12 flows into the runner vanes 4 almost uniformly. In the horizontal hydraulic machine, the hydraulic fluid flows from the lower part of the band 11 of the runner vane 4 on the minimum diameter side. When it comes to the runner vane 4, when it is blown off by its rotational force, imbalance occurs, generating large vibrations and noises, and it may be impossible to operate.
【0012】また、主軸9の回転軸中心より上方に位置
するガイドベーン3からの漏水は、構造上ランナベーン
4に常に当たることになるため、ケーシング内も排水し
て水面押し下げ運転を実施する方法がある。この方法
は、連絡管15の弁15aを全開して渦巻ケーシング1
内の水を吸出管12に排水することになるため、渦巻ケ
ーシング1と吸出管12内の水位は水平方向でほぼ同一
となる。Further, since water leakage from the guide vanes 3 located above the center of the rotation shaft of the main shaft 9 always hits the runner vanes 4 in structure, a method of draining the inside of the casing and carrying out a water surface pushing-down operation is employed. is there. In this method, the valve 15a of the connecting pipe 15 is fully opened and the spiral casing 1 is opened.
Since the water in the inside is drained to the suction pipe 12, the water levels in the spiral casing 1 and the suction pipe 12 are substantially the same in the horizontal direction.
【0013】一般に、高落差機の場合、ランナベーン4
の外径が大きくなることから、ランナベーン4と水との
接触を避けるには、吸出管12の水位も不必要に下げる
必要があった。このことから、高圧空気量が増大し、容
量が大きいコンプレッサーが必要になる等の問題があっ
た。Generally, in the case of a high head machine, the runner vane 4
Since the outer diameter of the water pipe becomes large, it is necessary to unnecessarily lower the water level of the suction pipe 12 in order to avoid contact between the runner vane 4 and water. For this reason, there has been a problem that the amount of high-pressure air increases and a compressor having a large capacity is required.
【0014】このような問題点に対処する充水方法は殆
ど提案がなされていないが、排気(水)方法に関して
は、例えば特開平6−185445号公報がすでに提案
されている。Almost no water replenishment method has been proposed to address such problems, but an exhaust (water) method has already been proposed, for example, in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-185445.
【0015】この技術は、ランナの外周シール半径と同
一位置の発電電動機側サイドカバー、吸出管側サイドカ
バーの最上下端およびガイドベーン全閉時のベーン内周
側面が最上部となる発電電動機側サイドカバー、吸出管
側サイドカバーの位置に流水内部と外部とを連通する通
路を設けて、カバー下部の通路から排水し、カバー上部
の通路から排気することを内容とするものである。In this technique, the generator motor side cover is located at the same position as the outer periphery seal radius of the runner, the uppermost lower end of the suction pipe side cover, and the inner peripheral side surface of the vane when the guide vane is fully closed. A passage is provided at the position of the cover and the side cover on the side of the suction pipe so as to communicate the inside and outside of the flowing water, and the drain is drained from the passage below the cover and exhausted from the passage above the cover.
【0016】しかしながら、充水方法に関しては具体的
に記述がなく、前記した排気して充水する際に、水が片
寄ってランナベーン4に当たることで振動、騒音が発生
することに対しての対策はなされていない。However, there is no specific description of the water filling method, and there is no countermeasure against the occurrence of vibration and noise due to the water being offset and hitting the runner vane 4 when exhausting and filling the water. Not done.
【0017】本発明は、このような観点からなされたも
のであって、水面押し下げ運転から揚水または発電運転
に移行する際の過大な振動、騒音を生ずることなく、迅
速かつ安全に揚水または発電負荷運転に移行でき、また
水面押し下げ運転時にケーシング排水した場合、最小限
の高圧空気量にできるようにした横軸水力機械およびそ
の運転方法を提供することを目的とする。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above, and the present invention has been made to quickly and safely generate a pumping or power generation load without generating excessive vibration and noise when shifting from a water surface depression operation to a pumping or power generation operation. An object of the present invention is to provide a horizontal-axis hydraulic machine capable of shifting to operation, and capable of reducing the amount of high-pressure air to a minimum when the casing is drained during the water surface pushing-down operation, and an operation method thereof.
【0018】また、本発明は、ケーシング内を充水した
ままで行う水面押し下げ運転から、揚水または発電運転
に移行する際の過大な振動、騒音を生ずることなく、迅
速且安全に揚水または発電運転に移行でき、また水面押
し下げ運転時に最小限の高圧空気量にできる横軸水力機
械の運転方法を提供することを目的とする。Further, the present invention provides a method for quickly and safely performing pumping or power generation without generating excessive vibration and noise when shifting from a water surface lowering operation performed while the casing is filled with water to pumping or power generation. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method of operating a horizontal-axis hydraulic machine that can shift to the above-mentioned condition and can minimize the amount of high-pressure air during the water surface pushing-down operation.
【0019】[0019]
【課題を解決するための手段】前記目的を達成するため
に、請求項1に対応する発明は、水平方向に配置される
と共に、一端部が吸出管を貫通して外部に延在した状態
で回転自在に支持される主軸と、この主軸の他端側に装
着したランナと、バイパス弁を併設した入口弁を介して
水圧管からの動水を前記ランナの外周に配置したガイド
ベーンへ導くと共に、静止部側流路壁を介して前記吸出
管に連通されるケーシングとからなる横軸水力機械にお
いて、前記ランナの外周部よりも外側でしかも前記ガイ
ドベーン全閉位置よりも内側に位置するランナ室の静止
部側流路壁に、複数個の開口部を円周方向に設け、この
開口部を連通管を介挿して外部と連通させるように構成
し、この連通管には、水面押し下げ時に前記開口部を前
記吸出管に連通させる排水弁を有すると共に、水面押し
下げ状態から揚水運転又は発電運転への移行時に前記開
口部を前記水圧管に連通させる給水弁を有する横軸水力
機械である。In order to achieve the above object, an invention according to claim 1 is provided in a state in which the invention is arranged in a horizontal direction, and one end of the invention extends outside through a suction pipe. A main shaft rotatably supported, a runner mounted on the other end of the main shaft, and a guide valve arranged on the outer periphery of the runner for guiding hydraulic fluid from a hydraulic pipe via an inlet valve provided with a bypass valve. And a casing connected to the suction pipe via a stationary portion side flow path wall, wherein the runner is located outside the outer periphery of the runner and inside the guide vane fully closed position. A plurality of openings are provided in the stationary part side channel wall of the chamber in the circumferential direction, and these openings are inserted through the communication pipe to communicate with the outside. The opening communicates with the suction pipe. And it has a discharge valve that is horizontal axis hydraulic machine having a water supply valve to the opening at the transition from the water surface depressed state to the pumping operation or generator operation communicates with the penstock.
【0020】請求項1に対応する発明によれば、ランナ
外周部近傍の静止部側流路側壁に2ヶ所以上等間隔に形
成された開口部を設け、この各開口部に給水配管の一端
部を接続し、給水配管の他端部を水圧管および吸出管に
おのおの弁を介して接続したことで、ランナベーンへの
充水が周方向で均等に行われるので、異常な振動、騒音
を抑制できる。According to the first aspect of the present invention, two or more openings are formed in the stationary part side wall near the outer periphery of the runner at equal intervals, and one end of the water supply pipe is provided in each of the openings. , And the other end of the water supply pipe is connected to the hydraulic pipe and the suction pipe via each valve, so that the water to the runner vanes is evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, so that abnormal vibration and noise can be suppressed. .
【0021】前記目的を達成するために、請求項2に対
応する発明は、前記複数の開口部のうち少なくても一ヶ
所は、ガイドベーンが水面押し下げ運転のためにあらか
じめ定められた所定の小開度もしくは全閉に設定された
際、最も下方に位置するガイドベーンの内周側に位置す
る静止部側流路側壁に形成した請求項1記載の横軸水力
機械である。According to a second aspect of the present invention, at least one of the plurality of openings includes a guide vane having a predetermined small size for a water surface pushing-down operation. The horizontal-axis hydraulic machine according to claim 1, wherein when set to an opening degree or a fully closed state, the horizontal-axis hydraulic machine is formed on a stationary-part-side flow path side wall located on an inner peripheral side of a guide vane located at a lowermost position.
【0022】請求項2に対応する発明によれば、ランナ
室内の水をランナベーンより下方に下げることができ、
ランナベーンと水との干渉による振動や不必要な動力を
軽減できる。According to the invention corresponding to claim 2, water in the runner chamber can be lowered below the runner vanes,
Vibration and unnecessary power caused by interference between the runner vane and water can be reduced.
【0023】前記目的を達成するために、請求項3に対
応する発明は、前記開口部に接続した連通管の途中に排
水ポンプを設けた請求項1記載の横軸水力機械である。According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a horizontal hydraulic machine according to the first aspect, wherein a drainage pump is provided in a communication pipe connected to the opening.
【0024】請求項3に対応する発明によれば、吸出管
の水位をケーシング内の水位よりも高い位置に設定でき
るため、高圧空気の量を少なくでき、コンプレッサー容
量を軽減できる。According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the water level of the suction pipe can be set higher than the water level in the casing, the amount of high-pressure air can be reduced and the compressor capacity can be reduced.
【0025】前記目的を達成するために、請求項4に対
応する発明は、水平方向に配置されると共に、一端部が
吸出管を貫通して外部に延在した状態で回転自在に支持
される主軸と、この主軸の他端側に装着したランナと、
バイパス弁を併設した入口弁を介して水圧管からの動水
を前記ランナの外周に配置したガイドベーンへ導くと共
に、静止部側流路壁を介して前記吸出管に連通されるケ
ーシングとからなる横軸水力機械において、前記ランナ
の外周部よりも外側でしかも前記ガイドベーン全閉位置
よりも内側に位置するランナ室の静止部側流路壁に、複
数個の開口部を円周方向に設け、この開口部を連通管を
介挿して外部と連通させるように構成し、この連通管に
は、水面押し下げ時に前記開口部を前記吸出管に連通さ
せる排水弁を有すると共に、水面押し下げ状態から揚水
運転又は発電運転への移行時に前記開口部を前記水圧管
に連通させる給水弁を有するようにし、前記主軸内部を
貫通して設けた給水孔により、前記ランナ室と前記吸出
管外部に設けた給水室とを連通する横軸水力機械であ
る。In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 4 is arranged in a horizontal direction, and is rotatably supported with one end portion penetrating through the suction pipe and extending outside. A spindle, a runner attached to the other end of the spindle,
A fluid passage from the hydraulic pipe is guided to guide vanes arranged on the outer periphery of the runner via an inlet valve provided with a bypass valve, and a casing communicated with the suction pipe via a stationary part side flow path wall. In the horizontal-axis hydraulic machine, a plurality of openings are provided in a circumferential direction on a stationary portion side flow path wall of a runner chamber located outside the outer peripheral portion of the runner and inside the guide vane fully closed position. The opening is configured to communicate with the outside through a communication pipe, and the communication pipe has a drain valve that communicates the opening with the suction pipe when the water surface is pushed down, and pumps water from the water surface being pushed down. A water supply valve is provided to connect the opening to the hydraulic pipe at the time of transition to operation or power generation operation, and a water supply hole penetrating through the inside of the main shaft provides a water supply valve provided outside the runner chamber and the suction pipe. The chamber is a horizontal axis hydraulic machine communicating.
【0026】請求項4に対応する発明によれば、ランナ
ベーンへの充水が周方向で均等に行われるので、異常な
振動、騒音を抑制できる。According to the invention corresponding to claim 4, since the water is uniformly filled in the runner vanes in the circumferential direction, abnormal vibration and noise can be suppressed.
【0027】前記目的を達成するために、請求項5に対
応する発明は、水平方向に配置されると共に、一端部が
吸出管を貫通して外部に延在した状態で回転自在に支持
される主軸と、この主軸の他端側に装着したランナと、
バイパス弁を併設した入口弁を介して水圧管からの動水
を前記ランナの外周に配置したガイドベーンへ導くと共
に、静止部側流路壁を介して前記吸出管に連通されるケ
ーシングを備え、前記ランナの外周部よりも外側でしか
も前記ガイドベーン全閉位置よりも内側に位置するラン
ナ室の静止部側流路壁に、複数個の開口部を円周方向に
設け、この開口部を連通管を介挿して外部と連通させる
ように構成し、この連通管には、水面押し下げ時に前記
開口部を前記吸出管に連通させる排水弁を有すると共
に、水面押し下げ状態から揚水運転又は発電運転への移
行時に前記開口部を前記水圧管に連通させる給水弁を有
する横軸水力機械において、前記入口弁を全閉状態と
し、前記ケーシング内を排水して行う水面押し下げ運転
から揚水または発電運転に移行する際、前記ガイドベー
ンを全閉の状態で、前記バイパス弁を通して前記ケーシ
ングに給水すると共に、前記複数の開口部に接続されて
いる連通管に設けた給水弁を開操作し、前記複数の各開
口部から円周方向にほぼ均等に給水することを特徴とす
る横軸水力機械の運転方法である。In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 5 is arranged in a horizontal direction, and is rotatably supported with one end portion penetrating through the suction pipe and extending outside. A spindle, a runner attached to the other end of the spindle,
A guide that guides hydraulic fluid from a hydraulic pipe to a guide vane disposed on the outer periphery of the runner through an inlet valve provided with a bypass valve, and a casing that communicates with the suction pipe through a stationary part side flow path wall, A plurality of openings are provided in the stationary part side flow path wall of the runner chamber located outside the outer periphery of the runner and inside the guide vane fully closed position in a circumferential direction, and the openings are communicated with each other. It is configured to communicate with the outside by inserting a pipe, and this communication pipe has a drain valve that connects the opening to the suction pipe when the water surface is pushed down, and from the water surface pushing down state to the pumping operation or the power generation operation. In a horizontal-axis hydraulic machine having a water supply valve for connecting the opening to the hydraulic pipe at the time of transition, the inlet valve is fully closed, and the casing is drained from the water surface lowering operation to pumping or power generation. At the time of shifting to, while the guide vane is fully closed, water is supplied to the casing through the bypass valve, and a water supply valve provided in a communication pipe connected to the plurality of openings is opened, and The method of operating a horizontal axis hydraulic machine is characterized in that water is supplied almost uniformly in the circumferential direction from each of the openings.
【0028】請求項5に対応する発明によれば、ランナ
ベーンへの充水が周方向で均等に行われるので、異常な
振動、騒音を抑制できる。According to the invention corresponding to claim 5, since the water is uniformly filled in the runner vanes in the circumferential direction, abnormal vibration and noise can be suppressed.
【0029】前記目的を達成するために、請求項6に対
応する発明は、水平方向に配置されると共に、一端部が
吸出管を貫通して外部に延在した状態で回転自在に支持
される主軸と、この主軸の他端側に装着したランナと、
バイパス弁を併設した入口弁を介して水圧管からの動水
を前記ランナの外周に配置したガイドベーンへ導くと共
に、静止部側流路壁を介して前記吸出管に連通されるケ
ーシングを備え、前記ランナの外周部よりも外側でしか
も前記ガイドベーン全閉位置よりも内側に位置するラン
ナ室の静止部側流路壁に、複数個の開口部を円周方向に
設け、この開口部を連通管を介挿して外部と連通させる
ように構成し、この連通管には、水面押し下げ時に前記
開口部を前記吸出管に連通させる排水弁を有すると共
に、水面押し下げ状態から揚水運転又は発電運転への移
行時に前記開口部を前記水圧管に連通させる給水弁を有
するようにし、前記主軸内部を貫通して設けた給水孔に
より、前記ランナ室と前記吸出管外部に設けた給水室と
を連通する横軸水力機械において、前記入口弁を全閉状
態とし、前記ケーシング内を排水して行う水面押し下げ
運転から揚水または発電運転に移行する際、前記ガイド
ベーンを全閉の状態で、前記バイパス弁を開状態として
前記バイパス弁を有するバイパス管から前記ケーシング
に給水すると共に、前記複数の開口部に接続されている
連通管に設けた給水弁を開操作し、前記複数の各開口部
から円周方向にほぼ均等に給水し、前記ランナの前記主
軸の装着部近傍に形成されている側圧室が充水され、前
記ランナ室がランナ外周からランナバンドが最小径まで
充水されたことを条件に、前記主軸の給水孔からの主軸
給水に切り替えて給水する横軸水力機械の運転方法であ
る。In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 6 is arranged in a horizontal direction, and is rotatably supported with one end portion penetrating through the suction pipe and extending outside. A spindle, a runner attached to the other end of the spindle,
A guide that guides hydraulic fluid from a hydraulic pipe to a guide vane disposed on the outer periphery of the runner through an inlet valve provided with a bypass valve, and a casing that communicates with the suction pipe through a stationary part side flow path wall, A plurality of openings are provided in the stationary part side flow path wall of the runner chamber located outside the outer periphery of the runner and inside the guide vane fully closed position in a circumferential direction, and the openings are communicated with each other. It is configured to communicate with the outside by inserting a pipe, and this communication pipe has a drain valve that connects the opening to the suction pipe when the water surface is pushed down, and from the water surface pushing down state to the pumping operation or the power generation operation. A water supply valve for communicating the opening to the hydraulic pipe at the time of transition is provided, and a water supply hole penetrating the inside of the main shaft is used to connect the runner chamber to a water supply chamber provided outside the suction pipe. Shaft hydro In the machine, the inlet valve is fully closed, and when shifting from the water surface pushing-down operation performed by draining the casing to pumping or power generation operation, the guide vane is fully closed, and the bypass valve is opened. Water is supplied to the casing from a bypass pipe having the bypass valve, and a water supply valve provided in a communication pipe connected to the plurality of openings is opened to substantially uniformly circumferentially extend from the plurality of openings. On the condition that the side pressure chamber formed near the mounting portion of the runner of the runner is filled with water, and that the runner chamber is filled with runner bands from the outer periphery of the runner to the minimum diameter. This is an operation method of a horizontal-axis hydraulic machine that switches and supplies water to main shaft water supply from a water supply hole.
【0030】請求項6に対応する発明によれば、ランナ
バンド最小径からランナベーン最小径までの充水も周方
向均等に行われるので、異常な振動、騒音を抑制でき、
安全に揚水または発電運転に移行できる。According to the invention corresponding to claim 6, since the filling of water from the minimum diameter of the runner band to the minimum diameter of the runner vane is performed evenly in the circumferential direction, abnormal vibration and noise can be suppressed.
It can be safely switched to pumping or power generation operation.
【0031】前記目的を達成するために、請求項7に対
応する発明は、水平方向に配置されると共に、一端部が
吸出管を貫通して外部に延在した状態で回転自在に支持
される主軸と、この主軸の他端側に装着したランナと、
バイパス弁を併設した入口弁を介して水圧管からの動水
を前記ランナの外周に配置したガイドベーンへ導くと共
に、静止部側流路壁を介して前記吸出管に連通されるケ
ーシングを備え、前記ランナの外周部よりも外側でしか
も前記ガイドベーン全閉位置よりも内側に位置するラン
ナ室の静止部側流路壁に、複数個の開口部を円周方向に
設け、この開口部を連通管を介挿して外部と連通させる
ように構成し、この連通管には、水面押し下げ時に前記
開口部を前記吸出管に連通させる排水弁を有すると共
に、水面押し下げ状態から揚水運転又は発電運転への移
行時に前記開口部を前記水圧管に連通させる給水弁を有
し、前記ケーシングの頭頂部と、前記吸出管の頭頂部
と、前記ランナ側圧室と、前記主軸の給水孔にそれぞれ
一端部を連通するように、各々の一部に排気弁を有する
排気管を接続した横軸水力機械において、前記入口弁を
全閉状態とし、前記ケーシング内を排水して行う水面押
し下げ運転から揚水または発電運転に移行する際、前記
ガイドベーンを全閉の状態で、前記バイパス弁を開状態
として前記バイパス管から前記ケーシングに給水すると
共に、前記複数の開口部に接続されている連通管に設け
た給水弁を開操作し、前記複数の各開口部から円周方向
にほぼ均等に給水し、前記ランナの前記主軸の装着部近
傍に形成されている側圧室が充水され、前記ランナ室が
ランナ外周からランナバンドが最小径まで充水されたこ
とを条件に、前記主軸の給水孔からの主軸給水に切り替
えて給水する一方、前記各排気管に各々有する排気弁を
開状態として排気させるとき、まず、前記ケーシングお
よび側圧室に設けた排気管の排気弁を開操作して排気
し、前記側圧室が充水されて前記ランナ室が外周側から
ランナバンド最小径まで充水された後、前記吸出管の水
位をランナバンド最小径位置より上昇させるように、前
記吸出管排気弁及び主軸排気弁の開度を制御する横軸水
力機械の運転方法である。To achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 7 is arranged in a horizontal direction, and is rotatably supported with one end portion penetrating through the suction pipe and extending outside. A spindle, a runner attached to the other end of the spindle,
A guide that guides hydraulic fluid from a hydraulic pipe to a guide vane disposed on the outer periphery of the runner through an inlet valve provided with a bypass valve, and a casing that communicates with the suction pipe through a stationary part side flow path wall, A plurality of openings are provided in the stationary part side flow path wall of the runner chamber located outside the outer periphery of the runner and inside the guide vane fully closed position in a circumferential direction, and the openings are communicated with each other. It is configured to communicate with the outside by inserting a pipe, and this communication pipe has a drain valve that connects the opening to the suction pipe when the water surface is pushed down, and from the water surface pushing down state to the pumping operation or the power generation operation. A water supply valve that communicates the opening with the hydraulic pipe at the time of transition, and has one end communicating with the top of the casing, the top of the suction pipe, the runner-side pressure chamber, and the water supply hole of the main shaft. To do In a horizontal-axis hydraulic machine in which an exhaust pipe having an exhaust valve is connected to a part thereof, when the inlet valve is fully closed, and a transition is made from a water surface lowering operation performed by draining the casing to a pumping or power generation operation. While the guide vane is fully closed, the bypass valve is opened to supply water from the bypass pipe to the casing, and to open a water supply valve provided in a communication pipe connected to the plurality of openings. Water is supplied substantially evenly in the circumferential direction from each of the plurality of openings, the side pressure chamber formed near the mounting portion of the main shaft of the runner is filled with water, and the runner chamber is configured such that a runner band is formed from the outer periphery of the runner. Under the condition that the water is filled to a small diameter, while switching to the main shaft water supply from the water supply hole of the main shaft to supply water, while exhausting each of the exhaust pipes by opening the exhaust valves provided in each of the exhaust pipes, first, After the exhaust valve of the exhaust pipe provided in the casing and the side pressure chamber is opened and exhausted, the side pressure chamber is filled with water and the runner chamber is filled with water from the outer peripheral side to a runner band minimum diameter, and then the suction pipe is This is a method of operating a horizontal-axis hydraulic machine that controls the opening of the suction pipe exhaust valve and the main shaft exhaust valve so as to raise the water level from a runner band minimum diameter position.
【0032】請求項7に対応する発明によれば、異常な
振動、騒音を抑制でき、安全に揚水または発電運転に移
行でき、また、吸出管の水位をケーシング内の水位より
も高い位置に設定できるため、高圧空気の量を少な<で
き、コンプレッサー容量を軽減できる。According to the invention corresponding to claim 7, abnormal vibration and noise can be suppressed, the operation can be safely shifted to pumping or power generation operation, and the water level of the suction pipe is set at a position higher than the water level in the casing. As a result, the amount of high-pressure air can be reduced, and the capacity of the compressor can be reduced.
【0033】前記目的を達成するために、請求項8に対
応する発明は、水平方向に配置されると共に、一端部が
吸出管を貫通して外部に延在した状態で回転自在に支持
される主軸と、この主軸の他端側に装着したランナと、
バイパス弁を併設した入口弁を介して水圧管からの動水
を前記ランナの外周に配置したガイドベーンへ導くと共
に、静止部側流路壁を介して前記吸出管に連通されるケ
ーシングを備え、前記ランナの外周部よりも外側でしか
も前記ガイドベーン全閉位置よりも内側に位置するラン
ナ室の静止部側流路壁に、複数個の開口部を円周方向に
設け、この開口部を連通管を介挿して外部と連通させる
ように構成し、この連通管には、水面押し下げ時に前記
開口部を前記吸出管に連通させる排水弁を有すると共
に、水面押し下げ状態から揚水運転又は発電運転への移
行時に前記開口部を前記水圧管に連通させる給水弁を配
設し、前記主軸内部を貫通してランナ室と連通すると共
に、周方向に等間隔に複数の給水孔を形成し、前記複数
の開口部に接続した連通管のうち、他端部が前記吸出管
に接続されている連絡管の途中に配設されている弁と直
列に排水ポンプを設け、前記ケーシングの頭頂部と、前
記吸出管の頭頂部と、前記主軸の給水孔にそれぞれ一端
部を連通し、各々の一部に給気弁を有すると共に他端部
を高圧空気を供給する設備に接続する給気管を接続した
横軸水力機械において、前記入口弁を全閉の状態とした
上で前記ガイドベーンをあらかじめ定められた所定の小
開度状態もしくは全閉状態に設定し、前記ランナが水中
で静止した状態から高圧空気を用いてランナおよび前記
ケーシング内の水を排出する際、前記ケーシングの給気
弁、前記主軸の給気弁および前記吸出管の給気弁を開操
作して前記ランナ室に高圧空気を注入し、しかる後、前
記ガイドベーンを開状態とし、前記吸出管に接続されて
いる連通管の途中に配設されている弁を開操作して前記
排水ポンプを起動し、前記ケーシング内の水を前記吸出
管に排水し、前記ケーシング内の水面位置が所定の位置
まで下がったことを条件に前記連通管の弁を閉鎖して、
前記排水ポンプを停止させる一方、前記吸出管の水が所
定の水位まで下がったことを条件に前記ランナ室への高
圧空気の供給を停止するようにした横軸水力機械の運転
方法である。In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 8 is arranged in a horizontal direction, and is rotatably supported with one end portion penetrating through the suction pipe and extending outside. A spindle, a runner attached to the other end of the spindle,
A guide that guides hydraulic fluid from a hydraulic pipe to a guide vane disposed on the outer periphery of the runner through an inlet valve provided with a bypass valve, and a casing that communicates with the suction pipe through a stationary part side flow path wall, A plurality of openings are provided in the stationary part side flow path wall of the runner chamber located outside the outer periphery of the runner and inside the guide vane fully closed position in a circumferential direction, and the openings are communicated with each other. It is configured to communicate with the outside by inserting a pipe, and this communication pipe has a drain valve that connects the opening to the suction pipe when the water surface is pushed down, and from the water surface pushing down state to the pumping operation or the power generation operation. A water supply valve that communicates the opening with the hydraulic pipe at the time of the transition is provided, and a plurality of water supply holes are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction while communicating with the runner chamber through the inside of the main shaft. Connected to the opening Of the passage pipes, a drain pump is provided in series with a valve disposed in the middle of a communication pipe whose other end is connected to the suction pipe, a top of the casing, and a top of the suction pipe. A horizontal-axis hydraulic machine that has one end connected to a water supply hole of the main shaft, and has an air supply valve in a part thereof and an air supply pipe connected to a facility for supplying high-pressure air at the other end, The guide vane is set to a predetermined small opening state or a fully closed state after the inlet valve is fully closed, and the runner and the runner are set using high-pressure air while the runner is stationary in water. When discharging the water in the casing, the high pressure air is injected into the runner chamber by opening the air supply valve of the casing, the air supply valve of the main shaft, and the air supply valve of the suction pipe, and then the guide Open the vane and The drainage pump is started by opening a valve arranged in the middle of the communication pipe connected to the pipe, draining the water in the casing to the suction pipe, and the water surface position in the casing is predetermined. Closing the valve of the communication pipe on condition that it has dropped to the position of
A method of operating a horizontal-axis hydraulic machine, wherein the supply of high-pressure air to the runner chamber is stopped on condition that the water in the suction pipe has dropped to a predetermined water level while the drain pump is stopped.
【0034】請求項8に対応する発明によれば、ランナ
ベーンと水の干渉による振動を発生することもなく、高
圧空気量を少なくでき、コンプレッサー容量を軽減でき
る。According to the eighth aspect of the present invention, the amount of high-pressure air can be reduced and the compressor capacity can be reduced without generating vibration due to interference between the runner vanes and water.
【0035】前記目的を達成するために、請求項9に対
応する発明は、水平方向に配置されると共に、一端部が
吸出管を貫通して外部に延在した状態で回転自在に支持
される主軸と、この主軸の他端側に装着したランナと、
バイパス弁を併設した入口弁を介して水圧管からの動水
を前記ランナの外周に配置したガイドベーンへ導くと共
に、静止部側流路壁を介して前記吸出管に連通されるケ
ーシングを備え、前記ランナの外周部よりも外側でしか
も前記ガイドベーン全閉位置よりも内側に位置するラン
ナ室の静止部側流路壁に、複数個の開口部を円周方向に
設け、この開口部を連通管を介挿して外部と連通させる
ように構成し、この連通管には、水面押し下げ時に前記
開口部を前記吸出管に連通させる排水弁を有すると共
に、水面押し下げ状態から揚水運転又は発電運転への移
行時に前記開口部を前記バイパス管あるいは水圧管に連
通させる給水弁を有する横軸水力機械において、前記入
口弁を全閉とし、前記ケーシング内を充水したまま行う
水面押し下げ運転から揚水または発電運転に移行する
際、前記ガイドベーンを全閉の状態で、前記バイパス弁
を開状態として前記バイパス管から、前記開口部に接続
されている連通管の途中に設けた給水弁を開操作して前
記ランナ外周部近傍の静止部側流路に設けた複数の開口
部を経て給水する横軸水力機械の運転方法である。In order to achieve the above object, the invention corresponding to claim 9 is arranged in a horizontal direction, and is rotatably supported with one end portion penetrating through the suction pipe and extending outside. A spindle, a runner attached to the other end of the spindle,
A guide that guides hydraulic fluid from a hydraulic pipe to a guide vane disposed on the outer periphery of the runner through an inlet valve provided with a bypass valve, and a casing that communicates with the suction pipe through a stationary part side flow path wall, A plurality of openings are provided in the stationary part side flow path wall of the runner chamber located outside the outer periphery of the runner and inside the guide vane fully closed position in a circumferential direction, and the openings are communicated with each other. It is configured to communicate with the outside by inserting a pipe, and this communication pipe has a drain valve that connects the opening to the suction pipe when the water surface is pushed down, and from the water surface pushing down state to the pumping operation or the power generation operation. In a horizontal-axis hydraulic machine having a water supply valve for connecting the opening to the bypass pipe or the hydraulic pipe at the time of transition, the water level pushing-down operation in which the inlet valve is completely closed and the casing is filled with water is performed. When shifting to pumping or power generation operation, with the guide vane fully closed, the bypass valve is opened and the water supply valve provided in the middle of the communication pipe connected to the opening is opened from the bypass pipe. This is a method for operating a horizontal-axis hydraulic machine that operates to supply water through a plurality of openings provided in a stationary part side flow path near the outer periphery of the runner.
【0036】請求項9に対応する発明によれば、ランナ
ベーンへの充水が周方向で均等に行われるので、異常な
振動、騒音を抑制でき、かつ、ケーシング内を充水した
ままで運転の移行が行われるので、コンプレッサや高圧
タンクの容量が小さくてもよく、ケーシングの充水の必
要がないので、水面押し下げ運転から揚水または発電運
転に移行する際、安全にかつ、迅速に移行できる、簡易
な横軸水力機械の運転方法を提供することができる。According to the invention corresponding to claim 9, since the water is uniformly supplied to the runner vanes in the circumferential direction, abnormal vibration and noise can be suppressed, and the operation can be performed while the casing is filled with water. Since the transition is performed, the capacity of the compressor and the high-pressure tank may be small, and there is no need to fill the casing.Therefore, when transitioning from the water surface depression operation to the pumping or power generation operation, the transition can be performed safely and quickly. It is possible to provide a simple operation method of the horizontal hydraulic machine.
【0037】前記目的を達成するために、請求項10に
対応する発明は、水平方向に配置されると共に、一端部
が吸出管を貫通して外部に延在した状態で回転自在に支
持される主軸と、この主軸の他端側に装着したランナ
と、バイパス弁を併設した入口弁を介して水圧管からの
動水を前記ランナの外周に配置したガイドベーンへ導く
と共に、静止部側流路壁を介して前記吸出管に連通され
るケーシングを備え、前記ランナの外周部よりも外側で
しかも前記ガイドベーン全閉位置よりも内側に位置する
ランナ室の静止部側流路壁に、複数個の開口部を円周方
向に設け、この開口部を連通管を介挿して外部と連通さ
せるように構成し、この連通管には、水面押し下げ時に
前記開口部を前記吸出管に連通させる排水弁を有すると
共に、水面押し下げ状態から揚水運転又は発電運転への
移行時に前記開口部を前記バイパス管あるいは水圧管に
連通させる給水弁を配設し、主軸内部を貫通してランナ
室と連通すると共に、周方向に複数の給水孔を形成した
横軸水力機械において、前記入口弁を全閉とし、前記ケ
ーシング内を充水したまま行う水面押し下げ運転から揚
水または発電運転に移行する際、前記ガイドベーンを全
閉の状態で、前記バイパス弁を開状態として前記バイパ
ス管から、前記各開口部に接続されている連通管の途中
に設けた給水弁を開操作して前記ランナ外周部近傍の静
止部側流路に設けた開口部を経て給水し、前記ランナの
前記主軸の装着部近傍に形成されている側圧室が充水さ
れ、ランナ室がランナ外周からランナバンドの最小径ま
で充水されたことを条件に、前記主軸の給水孔からの主
軸給水に切り替えて給水する横軸水力機械の運転方法で
ある。In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 10 is arranged in a horizontal direction, and is rotatably supported with one end portion penetrating through the suction pipe and extending outside. The hydraulic fluid from the hydraulic pipe is guided to a guide vane disposed on the outer periphery of the runner via a main shaft, a runner mounted on the other end side of the main shaft, and an inlet valve provided with a bypass valve, and a stationary part side flow path. A casing connected to the suction pipe via a wall, a stationary part side flow path wall of a runner chamber located outside the outer peripheral part of the runner and inside the guide vane fully closed position, Is provided in the circumferential direction, and the opening is inserted through a communication pipe to communicate with the outside. The communication pipe has a drain valve that communicates the opening with the suction pipe when the water surface is pushed down. With the water surface down A water supply valve that connects the opening to the bypass pipe or the hydraulic pipe at the time of transition from the state to the pumping operation or the power generation operation, communicates with the runner chamber through the inside of the main shaft, and a plurality of water supplies in the circumferential direction. In the horizontal shaft hydraulic machine in which the hole is formed, the inlet valve is fully closed, and when shifting from the water surface pushing down operation performed while the casing is filled with water to the pumping or power generation operation, the guide vane is fully closed, With the bypass valve in the open state, an opening provided in the stationary part side flow path near the outer periphery of the runner by opening a water supply valve provided in the middle of the communication pipe connected to each of the openings from the bypass pipe Section, the side pressure chamber formed near the mounting portion of the runner of the runner is filled with water, and the runner chamber is filled with water from the outer circumference of the runner to the minimum diameter of the runner band. A horizontal axis hydraulic machine operating method for supplying water to switch the spindle feed water from the water supply hole.
【0038】請求項10に対応する発明によれば、バン
ド最小径からランナベーン最小径までの充水も周方向均
等に行われるので、異常な振動、騒音を抑制でき、ま
た、ケーシング内を充水したままで運転の移行が行われ
るので、コンプレッサや高圧タンクの容量が小さくても
よく、ケーシングの充水の必要がないので、水面押し下
げ運転から揚水または発電運転に移行する際、安全にか
つ、迅速に移行できる簡易な横軸水力機械の運転方法を
提供することができる。According to the tenth aspect of the present invention, the water filling from the minimum diameter of the band to the minimum diameter of the runner vane is performed evenly in the circumferential direction, so that abnormal vibration and noise can be suppressed, and the inside of the casing is filled with water. Since the operation is performed while the operation is being performed, the capacity of the compressor and the high-pressure tank may be small, and there is no need to fill the casing.Therefore, when shifting from the water surface lowering operation to the pumping or power generation operation, safely and It is possible to provide a simple method of operating a horizontal axis hydraulic machine that can be shifted quickly.
【0039】前記目的を達成するために、請求項11に
対応する発明は、水平方向に配置されると共に、一端部
が吸出管を貫通して外部に延在した状態で回転自在に支
持される主軸と、この主軸の他端側に装着したランナ
と、バイパス弁を併設した入口弁を介して水圧管からの
動水を前記ランナの外周に配置したガイドベーンへ導く
と共に、静止部側流路壁を介して前記吸出管に連通され
るケーシングを備え、前記ランナの外周部よりも外側で
しかも前記ガイドベーン全閉位置よりも内側に位置する
ランナ室の静止部側流路壁に、複数個の開口部を円周方
向に設け、この開口部を連通管を介挿して外部と連通さ
せるように構成し、この連通管には、水面押し下げ時に
前記開口部を前記吸出管に連通させる排水弁を有すると
共に、水面押し下げ状態から揚水運転又は発電運転への
移行時に前記開口部を前記バイパス管あるいは水圧管に
連通させる給水弁を配設し、前記主軸内部を貫通してラ
ンナ室と連通すると共に、周方向に複数の給水孔を形成
し、前記吸出管の登頂部と、前記ランナ側圧室と、前記
主軸の給水孔にそれぞれ一端部を連通するように、各々
の一部に排気弁を有する排気管を接続した横軸水力機械
において、前記入口弁を全閉とし、前記ケーシング内を
充水したまま行う水面押し下げ運転から揚水または発電
運転に移行する際、前記ガイドベーンを全閉の状態で、
前記バイパス管に有するバイパス弁を開状態として前記
バイパス管から、前記開口部に接続されている連通管の
途中に設けた給水弁を開操作して前記ランナ外周部近傍
の静止部側流路に設けた各開口部を経て給水し、前記ラ
ンナの前記主軸の装着部近傍に形成されている側圧室が
充水され、ランナ室がランナ外周からランナバンドの最
小径まで充水されたことを条件に、前記主軸の給水孔か
らの主軸給水に切り替えて給水する一方、前記各排気管
に各々有する排気弁を開状態として排気させるとき、ま
ず、前記側圧室に設けた排気管の排気弁を開操作して排
気し、前記側圧室が充水されて前記ランナ室が外周側か
らランナバンド最小径まで充水された後、前記吸出管の
水位をランナバンド最小径位置より上昇させるように、
前記吸出管排気弁および主軸排気弁の開度を制御する横
軸水力機械の運転方法である。In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 11 is arranged in a horizontal direction, and is rotatably supported with one end portion penetrating through the suction pipe and extending outside. The hydraulic fluid from the hydraulic pipe is guided to a guide vane disposed on the outer periphery of the runner via a main shaft, a runner mounted on the other end side of the main shaft, and an inlet valve provided with a bypass valve, and a stationary part side flow path. A casing connected to the suction pipe via a wall, a stationary part side flow path wall of a runner chamber located outside the outer peripheral part of the runner and inside the guide vane fully closed position, Is provided in the circumferential direction, and the opening is inserted through a communication pipe to communicate with the outside. The communication pipe has a drain valve that communicates the opening with the suction pipe when the water surface is pushed down. With the water surface down A water supply valve for communicating the opening to the bypass pipe or the hydraulic pipe at the time of shifting from the state to the pumping operation or the power generation operation, and communicates with the runner chamber through the inside of the main shaft, A water supply hole is formed, and a top portion of the suction pipe, the runner-side pressure chamber, and an exhaust pipe having an exhaust valve connected to a part thereof are connected to each other so as to communicate one end to the water supply hole of the main shaft. In the shaft hydraulic machine, the inlet valve is fully closed, and when shifting from the water surface pushing down operation performed while the casing is filled with water to pumping or power generation operation, the guide vanes are fully closed,
With the bypass valve of the bypass pipe in an open state, the water supply valve provided in the middle of the communication pipe connected to the opening is opened by operating the water supply valve from the bypass pipe to the stationary part side flow path near the outer periphery of the runner. Water is supplied through each of the provided openings, and the side pressure chamber formed near the mounting portion of the main shaft of the runner is filled with water, and the runner chamber is filled with water from the outer periphery of the runner to the minimum diameter of the runner band. At the same time, while switching to the main shaft water supply from the water supply hole of the main shaft to supply water, and exhausting the exhaust valves provided in the respective exhaust pipes in an open state, first open the exhaust valves of the exhaust pipes provided in the side pressure chambers. After operating and exhausting, after the side pressure chamber is filled with water and the runner chamber is filled with water from the outer peripheral side to the runner band minimum diameter, the water level of the suction pipe is raised from the runner band minimum diameter position,
This is a method for operating a horizontal axis hydraulic machine that controls the opening degree of the suction pipe exhaust valve and the main shaft exhaust valve.
【0040】請求項11に対応する発明によれば、異常
な振動、騒音を抑制でき、安全に揚水または発電運転に
移行でき、また、吸出管の水位をケーシング内の水位よ
りも高い位置に設定でき、しかも、ケーシング内を充水
したままで運転の移行が行われるので、コンプレッサや
高圧タンクの容量が小さくてもよく、ケーシングの充水
の必要がないので、水面押し下げ運転から揚水または発
電運転に移行する際、より迅速に移行できる簡易な横軸
水力機械の運転方法を提供することができる。According to the eleventh aspect, abnormal vibration and noise can be suppressed, the operation can be safely shifted to pumping or power generation operation, and the water level of the suction pipe is set to a position higher than the water level in the casing. Operation can be performed while the casing is still filled with water, so the capacity of the compressor and high-pressure tank may be small, and there is no need to refill the casing. When shifting to (1), it is possible to provide a simple method of operating the horizontal axis hydraulic machine that can shift more quickly.
【0041】前記目的を達成するために、請求項12に
対応する発明は、水平方向に配置されると共に、一端部
が吸出管を貫通して外部に延在した状態で回転自在に支
持される主軸と、この主軸の他端側に装着したランナ
と、バイパス弁を併設した入口弁を介して水圧管からの
動水を前記ランナの外周に配置したガイドベーンへ導く
と共に、静止部側流路壁を介して前記吸出管に連通され
るケーシングを備え、前記ランナの外周部よりも外側で
しかも前記ガイドベーン全閉位置よりも内側に位置する
ランナ室の静止部側流路壁に、複数個の開口部を円周方
向に設け、この開口部を連通管を介挿して外部と連通さ
せるように構成し、この連通管には、水面押し下げ時に
前記開口部を前記吸出管に連通させる排水弁を有すると
共に、水面押し下げ状態から揚水運転又は発電運転への
移行時に前記開口部を前記バイパス管あるいは水圧管に
連通させる給水弁を配設し、前記主軸内部を貫通してラ
ンナ室と連通すると共に、周方向に等間隔に複数の給水
孔を形成し、前記開口部に接続した給水配管のうち、他
端部が前記吸出管に接続されている連通管の途中に配設
されている弁と前記吸出管との間に排水ポンプを設け、
前記吸出管の頭頂部と、前記主軸の給水孔にそれぞれ一
端部を連通し、各々の一部に給気弁を有すると共に他端
部に高圧空気を供給する設備に接続する給気管を接続し
た水力機械において、前記入口弁を全閉にし、前記バイ
パス弁を開にし、前記ガイドベーンを全閉状態にし、前
記ランナが水中で静止した状態から高圧空気を用いてラ
ンナ室の水を排出する際、前記主軸の給気弁および前記
吸出管の給気弁を開操作して、前記ランナ室に高圧空気
を注入し、水位が低下して最低ランナバンド位置に達し
たことを条件に、前記吸出管に接続されている連通管の
途中に配設されている弁を開操作して前記排水ポンプを
起動し、前記ランナ室内の水を前記吸出管に排水し、前
記ランナ室内の水面位置が所定の水位まで下がったこと
を条件に前記連絡管の弁を閉鎖して、前記排水ポンプを
停止させる一方、前記吸出管の水が所定の水位まで下が
ったことを条件に前記ランナ室への高圧空気の供給を停
止するようにした横軸水力機械の運転方法である。In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 12 is arranged in a horizontal direction, and is rotatably supported with one end portion penetrating through the suction pipe and extending outside. The hydraulic fluid from the hydraulic pipe is guided to a guide vane disposed on the outer periphery of the runner via a main shaft, a runner mounted on the other end side of the main shaft, and an inlet valve provided with a bypass valve, and a stationary part side flow path. A casing connected to the suction pipe via a wall, a stationary part side flow path wall of a runner chamber located outside the outer peripheral part of the runner and inside the guide vane fully closed position, Is provided in the circumferential direction, and the opening is inserted through a communication pipe to communicate with the outside. The communication pipe has a drain valve that communicates the opening with the suction pipe when the water surface is pushed down. With the water surface down A water supply valve that connects the opening to the bypass pipe or the hydraulic pipe when the state shifts from the pumping operation to the pumping operation or the power generation operation, and communicates with the runner chamber through the inside of the main shaft and at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. A plurality of water supply holes are formed in the water supply pipe connected to the opening, and the other end of the water supply pipe is connected between the valve provided in the middle of the communication pipe connected to the suction pipe and the suction pipe. A drain pump is installed in
One end was connected to the top of the suction pipe and one of the water supply holes of the main shaft, and an air supply pipe having an air supply valve in a part thereof and connected to a facility for supplying high-pressure air to the other end was connected. In the hydraulic machine, when the inlet valve is fully closed, the bypass valve is opened, the guide vanes are fully closed, and the runner is discharged from the runner chamber using high-pressure air from a stationary state in water. Opening the air supply valve of the main shaft and the air supply valve of the suction pipe to inject high-pressure air into the runner chamber, and on the condition that the water level drops to reach the lowest runner band position, Opening the valve arranged in the middle of the communication pipe connected to the pipe, start the drain pump, drain the water in the runner chamber to the suction pipe, and set the water surface position in the runner chamber to a predetermined value. Contacted on condition that the water level has dropped to A horizontal-axis hydraulic machine configured to close the valve and stop the drain pump, while stopping supply of high-pressure air to the runner chamber on condition that the water in the suction pipe has dropped to a predetermined water level. It is a driving method.
【0042】請求項12に対応する発明によれば、ラン
ナ室からの排水が周方向で均等に行われるので、異常な
振動、騒音を抑制でき、ランナ室と最小限の吸出管内の
水と高圧空気とを置換すればよく、一層高圧空気量を少
なくても済むので、運転状態の移行が迅速にできる上、
コンプレッサや高圧空気タンク容量を小さくでき、簡易
な横軸水力機械の運転方法を提供できる。According to the invention corresponding to claim 12, since the drainage from the runner chamber is evenly performed in the circumferential direction, abnormal vibration and noise can be suppressed, and water and high pressure in the runner chamber and the minimum suction pipe can be suppressed. It is sufficient to replace the air, and the amount of high-pressure air can be further reduced.
The capacity of the compressor and the high-pressure air tank can be reduced, and a simple operation method of the horizontal hydraulic machine can be provided.
【0043】[0043]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明にかかる横軸水力機
械を容易に理解するために、第1の実施形態〜第6の実
施形態とに分けて説明する。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, in order to easily understand a horizontal-axis hydraulic machine according to the present invention, a description will be given of a first embodiment to a sixth embodiment separately.
【0044】<第1の実施形態>図1は、単輪単流フラ
ンシス形ポンプ水車に本発明を適用した例、図2は水面
押し下げ運転から排気給水し、充水中の一状態を示す
図、図3は単輪復流フランシス形ポンプ水車に本発明を
適用した例を示す概略立断面図、図4および図5は図1
のXーXおよびYーY線に沿って切断し矢印方向に見た
水平断面図である。なお、図11と同一構成部品には同
一符号を付してある。<First Embodiment> FIG. 1 shows an example in which the present invention is applied to a single-wheel, single-flow Francis pump-turbine. FIG. FIG. 3 is a schematic vertical sectional view showing an example in which the present invention is applied to a single-wheel return-flow Francis type pump-turbine. FIGS. 4 and 5 are FIGS.
FIG. 2 is a horizontal cross-sectional view taken along line XX and YY of FIG. The same components as those in FIG. 11 are denoted by the same reference numerals.
【0045】図11の従来の横軸水力機械と異なる点
は、概略給排気弁17aを有する吸排気管17、排気弁
18aを有する排気管18、給排気弁22aを有する給
排気管22、給水弁23aを有する給水管23、配管2
5、給水弁26aを有する給水管26を、以下のように
設けたことである。11 differs from the conventional horizontal-axis hydraulic machine shown in FIG. 11 in that an intake / exhaust pipe 17 having a supply / exhaust valve 17a, an exhaust pipe 18 having an exhaust valve 18a, a supply / exhaust pipe 22 having a supply / exhaust valve 22a, and a water supply valve are provided. Water supply pipe 23 having 23a, pipe 2
5. The water supply pipe 26 having the water supply valve 26a is provided as follows.
【0046】図1において、符号1は渦巻ケーシングを
示し、この渦巻ケーシング1は、上池30と入口弁32
を有する水圧管31を介して接続し、入口弁32の開閉
操作時に動作トルクを低減するための、バイパス管33
が入口弁32に並列に接続され、バイパス管33の渦巻
ケーシング1の入口近傍にバイパス弁34が接続されて
いる。渦巻ケーシング1の内径側には動水を整流するた
めのステーベーン2が設けられており、このステーベー
ン2の後流側は、ランナ室3aに連通している。In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a spiral casing, and the spiral casing 1 comprises an upper pond 30 and an inlet valve 32.
A bypass pipe 33 connected through a hydraulic pipe 31 having an opening to reduce the operating torque when the inlet valve 32 is opened and closed.
Are connected in parallel to the inlet valve 32, and a bypass valve 34 is connected to the bypass pipe 33 near the inlet of the spiral casing 1. A stay vane 2 for rectifying hydraulic fluid is provided on the inner diameter side of the spiral casing 1, and a downstream side of the stay vane 2 communicates with the runner chamber 3a.
【0047】ランナ室3aは、入口側にガイドベーン3
と、その後流側にランナベーン4とを有する構成になっ
ている。また、このランナベーン4の一側に、動水の漏
水が機外に流出しないようにするための発電電動機側サ
イドカバ−5により覆設された背圧室6を備え、またラ
ンナベーン4の他側に吸出管側サイドカバ−(静止部側
流路壁とも呼ぶ)7により覆設された側圧室8を備えて
いる。The runner chamber 3a has a guide vane 3 on the entrance side.
And a runner vane 4 on the downstream side. Further, on one side of the runner vane 4, there is provided a back pressure chamber 6 covered by a generator motor side cover 5 for preventing the leakage of hydraulic fluid from flowing out of the machine, and on the other side of the runner vane 4. A side pressure chamber 8 covered by a suction pipe side cover (also referred to as a stationary part side flow path wall) 7 is provided.
【0048】ランナベーン4の出口端側には、横形配置
の主軸(即ち回転軸)9が配設されており、この主軸9
にランナベーン4を狭設するクラウン10が固設され、
ランナベ一ン4の他方にはランナバンド11が固設され
ている。ランナベーン4の出口側には、これに連通する
吸出管12が設けられており、この吸出管12には吸出
管水位検出器16が設けられている。At the outlet end side of the runner vane 4, a main shaft (that is, a rotating shaft) 9 is disposed in a horizontal configuration.
The crown 10 for narrowing the runner vanes 4 is fixedly mounted on the
A runner band 11 is fixed to the other end of the runner vane 4. The outlet side of the runner vane 4 is provided with a suction pipe 12 communicating therewith, and the suction pipe 12 is provided with a suction pipe water level detector 16.
【0049】渦巻ケーシング1および吸出管12の頭頂
部には、それぞれ給排気管17および13の一端部が連
通可能に接続され、給排気管17および13の一部には
それぞれ給排気弁17a、13aが配設され、給排気管
17および13の他端部が図示しない空気タンクに連通
するように接続されている。One end of supply / exhaust pipes 17 and 13 is connected to the top of the spiral casing 1 and the top of the suction pipe 12 so that they can communicate with each other. The other end of the supply / exhaust pipes 17 and 13 is connected to communicate with an air tank (not shown).
【0050】上記主軸9は、吸出管12を貫通して延び
ており、その一端側に軸受19を介して給排気室20お
よび給水室21を備えている。給排気室20は、主軸9
内部にあけた給水孔9aに連通するとともに、給排気管
22に給排気弁22aを備え、給排気管22の他端部は
図示しない空気タンクに接続されている。図5に主軸9
の断面の状態が詳しく描かれている。The main shaft 9 extends through the suction pipe 12, and has a supply / exhaust chamber 20 and a water supply chamber 21 at one end via a bearing 19. The supply / exhaust chamber 20 includes the main shaft 9.
The supply / exhaust pipe 22 is provided with a supply / exhaust valve 22a, and the other end of the supply / exhaust pipe 22 is connected to an air tank (not shown). FIG. 5 shows the spindle 9
The state of the cross section of is drawn in detail.
【0051】給水室21は、主軸9内部にあけた給水孔
9aに連通するとともに、給水管23に給水弁23aを
備えている。給水管23の他端部は水圧管31に連通す
るように接続されている。The water supply chamber 21 communicates with a water supply hole 9a formed in the main shaft 9 and has a water supply pipe 23 provided with a water supply valve 23a. The other end of the water supply pipe 23 is connected to communicate with the hydraulic pipe 31.
【0052】ランナ外周部近傍の吸出管側サイドカバ−
7に、図4に示すように開口部が円周方向に等間隔に複
数箇所例えば4個所24a〜24dが形成され、その開
口部24のうちの一つ24aはガイドベーン3の全閉に
設定された際、ランナ室3a内の最も下方の位置すなわ
ち、ガイドベーン3と隣接する位置に設けられている。The side cover on the suction pipe side near the outer periphery of the runner
In FIG. 7, a plurality of openings 24a to 24d are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction as shown in FIG. 4, and one of the openings 24a is set so that the guide vane 3 is fully closed. In this case, the guide vane 3 is provided at the lowest position in the runner chamber 3a, that is, at a position adjacent to the guide vane 3.
【0053】複数の各開口部24は接続管25´を介し
て円環状の配管(円環状配管)25に接続されている。
さらに、この円環状配管25は、水圧管側の給水管26
の一端と、連絡管15の一端とが接続されている。Each of the plurality of openings 24 is connected to an annular pipe (annular pipe) 25 via a connection pipe 25 '.
Further, the annular pipe 25 is provided with a water supply pipe 26 on the hydraulic pipe side.
Is connected to one end of the communication pipe 15.
【0054】この水圧管側給水管26は途中に給水弁2
6aを有しており、他端がバイパス管33のバイパス弁
34の出力側に接続されている。また、連絡管15は途
中に排水弁15aを有し、他端は給水管12に接続され
ている。The water supply pipe 26 is provided on the water supply pipe 2
6a, and the other end is connected to the output side of the bypass valve 34 of the bypass pipe 33. The communication pipe 15 has a drain valve 15 a in the middle, and the other end is connected to the water supply pipe 12.
【0055】なお、便宜上、接続管25´、円環状配管
25、連絡管15及び給水管26を総称して連通管と呼
ぶ。なお、前記水圧管側給水管26はバイパス管33に
接続する代りに、水圧管31に接続するようにしてもよ
い。For convenience, the connection pipe 25 ', the annular pipe 25, the communication pipe 15, and the water supply pipe 26 are collectively called a communication pipe. The water supply pipe 26 may be connected to the water pressure pipe 31 instead of being connected to the bypass pipe 33.
【0056】次に、以上のように構成された第1の実施
形態の作用効果について説明する。Next, the operation and effect of the first embodiment configured as described above will be described.
【0057】ランナ室内が充水されている状態から水面
押し下げ運転を行う場合から説明する。先ず、水面を押
し下げのための各部品の動作を説明する。入口弁32、
バイパス弁34、排気弁18aおよび給水弁23a、2
6aが全閉され、ランナベーン4が停止中、ガイドベー
ン3を開いた状態で、給排気弁13a、14a、17
a、22aおよび排水弁15aを開操作して図示しない
空気タンクから、高圧空気を給排気管13、14、1
7、22によりケーシング1、ランナ室3a、続いて吸
出管12へ導く。この高圧空気は、ケーシング1の上方
から次第に下方へ溜まり、逆に水はランナ室3a、続い
て吸出管12へと排出される。A description will be given of a case where the water surface pushing-down operation is performed from a state in which the runner chamber is filled with water. First, the operation of each component for pushing down the water surface will be described. Inlet valve 32,
Bypass valve 34, exhaust valve 18a and water supply valve 23a, 2
6a is fully closed, the runner vanes 4 are stopped, and the supply and exhaust valves 13a, 14a, 17
a, 22a and the drain valve 15a are opened to supply high-pressure air from the air tank (not shown) to the supply / exhaust pipes 13, 14, 1
It is guided to the casing 1, the runner chamber 3 a, and subsequently to the suction pipe 12 by 7 and 22. The high-pressure air gradually accumulates downward from above the casing 1, and conversely, water is discharged to the runner chamber 3 a and subsequently to the suction pipe 12.
【0058】ランナ室3aの下方部分の水は最も下方に
ある開口部24aから連通管35を構成する連絡管15
を経て吸出管12へ排出され、ランナ室3aが空にな
り、吸出管12の水位計16が所定のレベルになった
ら、給排気弁13a、14a、17a、22aおよび排
水弁15aを閉め、ランナベーン4を始動させて水面押
し下げ運転に入る。この状態では、渦巻ケーシング1内
は排水されている。The water in the lower part of the runner chamber 3a flows from the lowermost opening 24a to the communication pipe 15 forming the communication pipe 35.
When the water level gauge 16 of the suction pipe 12 reaches a predetermined level, the air supply / exhaust valves 13a, 14a, 17a, 22a and the drain valve 15a are closed, and the runner vane is closed. 4 is started and the water surface pushing operation is started. In this state, the inside of the spiral casing 1 is drained.
【0059】次に、水面押し下げ運転から揚水運転に移
行する場合、まず、給排気管13,14,17,22、
排気管18に配設されている給排気弁13a,14a,
17a,22a、排気弁18aは全て全閉の上、ガイド
ベーン3および連絡管15にある排水弁15aを全閉
し、水圧管31と連通しているバイパス管33から渦巻
ケーシング1に給水すると共に、水圧管給水管26の給
水弁26aを開操作して円形状に配置した配管25を介
して吸出管側サイドカバ−7に4等分配置した開口部2
4a〜24dからも給水する。Next, when shifting from the water surface pushing down operation to the pumping operation, first, the supply / exhaust pipes 13, 14, 17, 22,
The supply / exhaust valves 13a, 14a,
17a, 22a and the exhaust valve 18a are fully closed, the guide vane 3 and the drain valve 15a in the connecting pipe 15 are fully closed, and water is supplied to the spiral casing 1 from the bypass pipe 33 communicating with the hydraulic pipe 31. The opening 2 disposed in the suction pipe side cover 7 in four equal parts via the pipe 25 arranged in a circular shape by opening the water supply valve 26a of the water pressure pipe water supply pipe 26.
Water is also supplied from 4a to 24d.
【0060】同時に、渦巻ケーシング1の頭頂部近傍お
よび背圧室6に設けてある給排気管17の給排気弁17
a、排気管18の排気弁18aを開操作して機内の高圧
空気を機外へ排出し、ケーシング1内が充水されたら入
口弁32を開操作する。At the same time, the supply / exhaust valve 17 of the supply / exhaust pipe 17 provided near the top of the spiral casing 1 and in the back pressure chamber 6
(a) Open the exhaust valve 18a of the exhaust pipe 18 to discharge the high-pressure air inside the machine to the outside of the machine, and open the inlet valve 32 when the casing 1 is filled with water.
【0061】次に、吸出管12に設けてある吸出管水位
検出器16が、図2に示したようにランナ背圧室6の充
水に基づいてランナバンド11の最小径までの充水が検
出されたということを条件に、給水管23の給水弁23
aを開操作し、主軸9内部を貫通してランナ室3aに連
通し、周方向等配に設けられ給水孔9aより給水を開始
すると同時に、全開していた給水弁26aを全閉するこ
とによりして主軸給水に切り替える。Next, as shown in FIG. 2, the suction pipe water level detector 16 provided in the suction pipe 12 supplies water to the minimum diameter of the runner band 11 based on the water in the runner back pressure chamber 6. The water supply valve 23 of the water supply pipe 23 is provided on condition that it is detected.
a to open the main shaft 9 and communicate with the runner chamber 3a to start water supply from the water supply holes 9a provided in the circumferential direction at the same time and to fully close the water supply valve 26a which has been fully opened. To switch to spindle water supply.
【0062】同時に、吸出管12の頭頂部に設けた給排
気管13の給排気弁13aおよび主軸9内部に設けた給
水孔9aに連通する給排気管22に設けた給排気弁22
aを開制御して吸出管12内およびランナ室3a全体の
空気を抜き充水するように制御する。このとき、ランナ
室3a内は主軸給水により充水されるように給排気弁1
3a、22aの開度制御を実施する。At the same time, a supply / exhaust valve 13 a of a supply / exhaust pipe 13 provided at the top of the suction pipe 12 and a supply / exhaust valve 22 provided on a supply / exhaust pipe 22 communicating with a water supply hole 9 a provided inside the main shaft 9.
is controlled so that the air in the suction pipe 12 and the entire runner chamber 3a is drained and filled. At this time, the supply / exhaust valve 1 is set so that the inside of the runner chamber 3a is filled with the spindle water.
The opening degree control of 3a and 22a is performed.
【0063】一方、充水作業中はガイドベーン3内径側
のプライミング圧力を常に監視しており、このプライミ
ング圧力が所定値になったことを条件にガイドベーン3
を開操作して、揚水運転に入る。On the other hand, during the water filling operation, the priming pressure on the inner side of the guide vane 3 is constantly monitored, and on condition that the priming pressure has reached a predetermined value.
To start pumping operation.
【0064】従って、ランナベーン4への充水は全て周
方向でほぼ均等に行われることになるため、ランナベー
ン4にも均等な力が働き、異常な振動、騒音を抑制でき
る。また、周方向に不均等な力、すなわちラジアルスラ
ストも小さくなるため、軸受19に焼損等生ずることな
く安全である。Therefore, the water is filled in the runner vane 4 almost uniformly in the circumferential direction, so that a uniform force acts on the runner vane 4 and abnormal vibration and noise can be suppressed. In addition, since the uneven force in the circumferential direction, that is, the radial thrust is also reduced, the bearing 19 is safe without burning or the like.
【0065】以上の説明では、吸出管側サイドカバー7
に設けた開口部24は、4個の場合であったが、円周方
向に等間隔であれば、最小限2個あればよい。In the above description, the suction pipe side side cover 7
Although the number of the openings 24 provided in the above is four, at least two openings 24 may be provided as long as they are equally spaced in the circumferential direction.
【0066】なお、本発明は図3に示したように単輪単
流フランシスポンプ水車だけでなく、単輪復流フランシ
ス形ポンプ水車においても同様の効果が得られる。It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the single-wheel single-flow Francis pump-turbine as shown in FIG.
【0067】以上述べた本発明の第1の実施形態によれ
ば、次のような効果が得られる。According to the first embodiment of the present invention described above, the following effects can be obtained.
【0068】(1)ランナ外周部近傍の静止部側流路で
あって吸出管側サイドカバー7に、2ヶ所以上の等間隔
に配置された開口部24を設け、この開口部24にそれ
ぞれ給水管26の一端部を接続し、各給水管26の他端
部を水圧管31および吸出管12に各々給水弁26aを
介して接続したことで、ランナベーン4への充水が周方
向で均等に行われるので、異常な振動、騒音を抑制でき
る。(1) Two or more equally spaced openings 24 are provided in the stationary part side flow passage near the outer periphery of the runner and on the suction pipe side cover 7, and water is supplied to each of the openings 24. One end of the pipe 26 is connected, and the other end of each water supply pipe 26 is connected to the hydraulic pressure pipe 31 and the suction pipe 12 via the water supply valve 26a, respectively, so that the water to the runner vanes 4 is evenly distributed in the circumferential direction. Since it is performed, abnormal vibration and noise can be suppressed.
【0069】(2)ランナ外周部近傍の静止部側流路で
あって吸出管側サイドカバー7に、等間隔に配置された
開口部24の内、少なくてもーヶ所は、ガイドベーン3
が水面押し下げ運転のためにあらかじめ定められた所定
の小開度もしくは全閉に設定された際、最も下方に位置
するガイドベーン3の内周側に位置する静止部側流路に
配置したため、ランナ室3a内の水をランナベーン4よ
り下方に下げることができ、ランナベーン4と水との干
渉による振動や不必要な動力を軽減できる。(2) At least the guide vanes 3 among the openings 24 arranged at equal intervals in the stationary part side flow path near the outer periphery of the runner and on the suction pipe side cover 7 are provided.
Is set in the stationary part side flow path located on the inner peripheral side of the guide vane 3 located at the lowest when the predetermined opening degree is set to a predetermined small opening degree or fully closed for the water surface depressing operation. The water in the chamber 3a can be lowered below the runner vanes 4, and vibration and unnecessary power due to interference between the runner vanes 4 and the water can be reduced.
【0070】(3)入口弁32を全閉し、ケーシング1
内も排水して行う水面押し下げ運転から揚水または発電
運転に移行する際、ガイドベーン3の全閉の状態で、水
圧管31と連通するバイパス管33からケーシング1に
給水すると共に、ランナ外周部近傍の静止部側流路に2
ヶ所以上等間隔に配置された開口部24から給水するこ
とで、ランナベーン4への充水が周方向で均等に行われ
るので、異常な振動、騒音を抑制できる。(3) The inlet valve 32 is fully closed and the casing 1
When the operation is shifted from the water surface pushing-down operation performed by draining the inside to the water pumping or power generation operation, water is supplied to the casing 1 from the bypass pipe 33 communicating with the hydraulic pressure pipe 31 while the guide vane 3 is fully closed, and the vicinity of the outer periphery of the runner 2 in the stationary part side flow path of
By supplying water from the openings 24 arranged at equal intervals at two or more places, the water is uniformly filled in the runner vanes 4 in the circumferential direction, so that abnormal vibration and noise can be suppressed.
【0071】(4)入口弁32を全閉し、ケーシング1
内も排水して行う水面押し下げ運転から、揚水または発
電運転に移行する際、ガイドベーン3の全閉の状態で、
水圧管31と連通するバイパス管33からケーシング1
に給水すると共に、給水管6の給水弁26aを開操作し
てランナ外周部近傍の静止部側流路であって吸出管側サ
イドカバー7に設けた開口部24から給水する横軸水力
機械において、側圧室8が充水されランナ室3aがラン
ナ外周からランナバンド11の最小径まで充水されたこ
とを条件に、主軸9内部を貫通してランナ室3aに連通
させ、周方向に等間隔に配設した給水孔9aからの主軸
9の給水に切り替えて給水するように制御するため、バ
ンド11の最小径からランナベーン4の最小径までの充
水も周方向均等に行われるので、異常な振動、騒音を抑
制でき、安全に揚水または発電運転に移行できる。(4) The inlet valve 32 is fully closed and the casing 1
When shifting from the water surface lowering operation performed by draining the inside to the pumping or power generation operation, with the guide vane 3 fully closed,
From the bypass pipe 33 communicating with the hydraulic pipe 31 to the casing 1
And a water supply valve 26a of the water supply pipe 6 is opened to supply water from an opening 24 provided on the suction pipe side cover 7 in the stationary part side flow path near the outer periphery of the runner. Under the condition that the side pressure chamber 8 is filled with water and the runner chamber 3a is filled with water from the outer periphery of the runner to the minimum diameter of the runner band 11, the main body 9 is penetrated and communicated with the runner chamber 3a at equal intervals in the circumferential direction. Since the water supply from the minimum diameter of the band 11 to the minimum diameter of the runner vane 4 is also uniformly performed in the circumferential direction, the water supply from the minimum diameter of the band 11 is controlled evenly in the circumferential direction. Vibration and noise can be suppressed, and it is possible to safely switch to pumping or power generation operation.
【0072】(5)入口弁32を全閉し、ケーシング1
内も排水して行う水面押し下げ運転から、揚水または発
電運転に移行する際、ガイドベーン3の全閉の状態で、
水圧管31と連通するバイパス管33からケーシング1
に給水すると共に、給水管26の給水弁26aを開操作
してランナ外周部近傍の静止部側流路であって吸出管側
サイドカバー7に設けた開口部24から給水し、ランナ
側圧室8が充水されランナ室3aがランナ外周からラン
ナバンド最小径まで充水されたことを条件に、主軸給水
に切り替えて給水する一方、ケーシング1の頭頂部に配
設した給排気管17と吸出管12のエルボ頭頂部に配設
した排気管17とランナ側圧室8に設けた給排気管18
およびランナ室3aから主軸9の内部を貫通して外部に
連通させた給水孔9aから排気させるとき、まず、ケー
シング1および側圧室8に設けた排気管18の排気弁1
8aを開操作して排気し、側圧室8が充水されてランナ
室3aが外周側からランナバンド11の最小径まで充水
された後、吸出管12の水位をランナバンド11の最小
径位置より上昇させるように、給排気弁22aおよび吸
出管12の給排気弁13aの開度を制御するため、異常
な振動、騒音を抑制でき、安全に揚水または発電運転に
移行できる。(5) The inlet valve 32 is fully closed and the casing 1
When shifting from the water surface lowering operation performed by draining the inside to the pumping or power generation operation, with the guide vane 3 fully closed,
From the bypass pipe 33 communicating with the hydraulic pipe 31 to the casing 1
And the water supply valve 26a of the water supply pipe 26 is opened to supply water from an opening 24 provided on the suction pipe side cover 7 near the outer periphery of the runner and on the suction pipe side cover 7. While the runner chamber 3a is filled with water from the outer periphery of the runner to the runner band minimum diameter, while switching to main shaft water supply to supply water, while supplying and exhausting pipes 17 and suction pipes disposed at the top of the casing 1. 12, an exhaust pipe 17 provided at the top of the elbow and a supply / exhaust pipe 18 provided in the runner-side pressure chamber 8.
When the water is exhausted from the water supply hole 9a penetrating through the inside of the main shaft 9 from the runner chamber 3a and communicating with the outside, first, the exhaust valve 1 of the exhaust pipe 18 provided in the casing 1 and the side pressure chamber 8 is provided.
After the opening 8a is opened and exhausted, the lateral pressure chamber 8 is filled with water and the runner chamber 3a is filled with water to the minimum diameter of the runner band 11 from the outer peripheral side. Since the opening degree of the supply / exhaust valve 22a and the supply / exhaust valve 13a of the suction pipe 12 is controlled so as to further raise, abnormal vibration and noise can be suppressed, and the operation can be safely shifted to pumping or power generation operation.
【0073】<第2の実施形態>図6は、単輪単流フラ
ンシス形ポンプ水車に本発明による第2の実施形態を示
す概略縦断面図である。なお、第1の実施の形態の構成
部品と同一部分には同一符号を付し、その説明を省略す
る。<Second Embodiment> FIG. 6 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing a second embodiment according to the present invention of a single-wheel, single-flow Francis type pump-turbine. The same parts as those of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.
【0074】本実施形態は、連絡管15の排水弁15a
と吸出管12の途中に排水ポンプ27を設置して、前記
開口部24と吸出管12を連通させ、渦巻ケーシング1
には渦巻ケーシング水位検出器28が設けてある。In this embodiment, the drain valve 15a of the connecting pipe 15 is used.
And a drain pump 27 is installed in the middle of the suction pipe 12 so that the opening 24 communicates with the suction pipe 12.
Is provided with a spiral casing water level detector 28.
【0075】入口弁32およびガイドベーン3を全閉に
設定し、ランナが水中で静止した状態から高圧空気を用
いてランナ室内3aおよび渦巻ケーシング1内の水を排
出する際、吸出管12、渦巻ケーシング1の頭頂部に設
けた給排気管13、17の給排気弁13a、17aおよ
び主軸9内部に設けた排気孔に9a連通する給排気管2
2aに設けた給排気弁22aを開制御してランナ室3a
に高圧空気を給気する。When the inlet valve 32 and the guide vane 3 are set to the fully closed state, and the runner is stopped in water and the water in the runner chamber 3a and the spiral casing 1 is discharged using high-pressure air, the suction pipe 12, the spiral Supply / exhaust pipes 9 communicating with supply / exhaust valves 13 a, 17 a of supply / exhaust pipes 13, 17 provided at the top of the casing 1 and exhaust holes provided inside the main shaft 9.
The open / close valve 22a provided in the runner chamber 3a is controlled to open.
Is supplied with high-pressure air.
【0076】しかる後、ガイドベーン3を開口して連絡
管15の排水弁15aを全開し、排水ポンプ27を起動
する。このとき、連絡管15に連通する吸出管側サイド
カバ−7の開口部24の内、一ヶ所はガイドベーン3が
全閉に設定された際の最も下方に位置しているため、渦
巻ケーシング1内の水をランナベーン4より下方に下げ
ることができ、ランナベーン4と水との干渉による振動
や不必要な動力を軽減できる。Thereafter, the guide vane 3 is opened, the drain valve 15a of the connecting pipe 15 is fully opened, and the drain pump 27 is started. At this time, one of the openings 24 of the suction pipe side side cover 7 communicating with the communication pipe 15 is located at the lowest position when the guide vane 3 is set to the fully closed state. Can be lowered below the runner vanes 4, and vibration and unnecessary power due to interference between the runner vanes 4 and the water can be reduced.
【0077】次に、渦巻ケーシング1に設けた水位検出
器28により渦巻ケーシング1内の水面位置がランナベ
ーン4に接触しない所定の位置になったことを条件に連
絡管15の排水弁15aを全閉する。Next, the drain valve 15a of the communication pipe 15 is fully closed on the condition that the water level detector 28 provided in the spiral casing 1 has reached a predetermined position where the water surface in the spiral casing 1 does not contact the runner vanes 4. I do.
【0078】一方、吸出管12に設けてある水面検出器
16により吸出管の水が所定の位置まで下がったことを
条件に、給排気弁13a、17aおよび21aを全閉し
て高圧空気の供給を停止する。On the other hand, on condition that the water in the suction pipe has dropped to a predetermined position by the water level detector 16 provided in the suction pipe 12, the supply / exhaust valves 13a, 17a and 21a are fully closed to supply high-pressure air. To stop.
【0079】このように制御した場合の作用は、排水ポ
ンプ27を動作することで渦巻ケーシング1内の水位を
ランナベーン4に水が接触しない水位に保ち、かつ吸出
管12の水位を渦巻ケーシング1内の水位よりも高い位
置に設定できるため、高圧空気の量を少なくできる。ま
た、ランナベーン4と水の干渉による振動を発生するこ
ともなく、コンプレッサー容量を軽減できる。The operation in the case of controlling in this manner is as follows. By operating the drain pump 27, the water level in the spiral casing 1 is maintained at a level at which water does not come into contact with the runner vanes 4, and the water level in the suction pipe 12 is controlled in the spiral casing 1. Can be set at a position higher than the water level, so that the amount of high pressure air can be reduced. Further, the compressor capacity can be reduced without generating vibration due to interference between the runner vanes 4 and water.
【0080】以上述べた第2の実施形態によれば、次の
ような効果が得られる。According to the second embodiment described above, the following effects can be obtained.
【0081】(1)ランナ外周部近傍の静止部側流路で
あって吸出管側サイドカバーに2ヶ所以上の等間隔に配
置された開口部に接続した配管の内、他端が吸出管に接
続している配管の弁と吸出管12との連絡管15に排水
ポンプ27を設け、前記開口部24と吸出管12を連通
させたため、吸出管12の水位を渦巻ケーシング1内の
水位よりも高い位置に設定できるため、高圧空気の量を
少なくでき、コンプレッサー容量を軽減できる。(1) The other end of the pipe connected to the stationary part side flow path near the outer periphery of the runner and connected to two or more equally spaced openings on the suction pipe side cover is connected to the suction pipe. Since the drainage pump 27 is provided in the connecting pipe 15 between the valve of the connected pipe and the suction pipe 12 and the opening 24 and the suction pipe 12 are communicated, the water level of the suction pipe 12 is higher than the water level in the spiral casing 1. Because it can be set at a high position, the amount of high-pressure air can be reduced, and the compressor capacity can be reduced.
【0082】(2)吸出管12に水位検出器16を有す
る横軸水力機械において、入口弁32を全閉の上、ガイ
ドベーン3をあらかじめ定められた所定の小開度もしく
は全閉に設定し、ランナが水中で静止した状態から高圧
空気を用いてランナおよび渦巻ケーシング1内の水を排
出する際、主軸給水弁23aおよび吸出管給気弁13a
を開操作してランナ室に高圧空気を注入する。しかる
後、ガイドベーンを開口して排水ポンプ27を起動し、
ケーシング1内の水を吸出管12に排水する。ケーシン
グ1内の水面位置が所定の位置まで下がったことを条件
に配管途中の弁を閉鎖し、排水ポンプ27を停止する。(2) In the horizontal axis hydraulic machine having the water level detector 16 in the suction pipe 12, the inlet valve 32 is fully closed, and the guide vane 3 is set to a predetermined small opening degree or fully closed. When the water in the runner and the spiral casing 1 is discharged using high-pressure air while the runner is stationary in the water, the spindle water supply valve 23a and the suction pipe air supply valve 13a
To inject high-pressure air into the runner chamber. Thereafter, the guide vanes are opened and the drainage pump 27 is started,
The water in the casing 1 is drained to the suction pipe 12. The valve in the middle of the pipe is closed and the drain pump 27 is stopped on condition that the water surface position in the casing 1 has dropped to a predetermined position.
【0083】一方、吸出管12の水が所定の水位まで下
がったことを条件にランナ室3aへの高圧空気の供給を
停止するようにしたため、ランナベーン4と水の干渉に
よる振動を発生することもなく、高圧空気量を少なくで
き、コンプレッサー容量を軽減できる。On the other hand, the supply of high-pressure air to the runner chamber 3a is stopped on condition that the water in the suction pipe 12 has dropped to a predetermined water level, so that vibration due to interference between the runner vane 4 and water may occur. The amount of high-pressure air can be reduced, and the compressor capacity can be reduced.
【0084】<第3の実施形態>図7は本発明の横軸水
力機械の運転方法の第3の実施形態を説明するための単
軸単流フランシス形横軸水力機械の概略縦断面図であ
る。<Third Embodiment> FIG. 7 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a single-shaft single-flow Francis type horizontal-shaft hydraulic machine for explaining a third embodiment of a method of operating a horizontal-shaft hydraulic machine according to the present invention. is there.
【0085】図7は、概略図1の主軸(回転軸)9の構
成が異なる。具体的には、主軸9の内部には給水孔9a
を形成せず、これに伴い給水弁23aを有する給水管2
3、給水室21、給排気室20、給排気弁22aを有す
る給排気管22を省き、また給排気弁17aを有する給
排気管17を省いたものである。これ以外の構成は図1
と同一である。FIG. 7 is different from FIG. 1 in the configuration of the main shaft (rotating shaft) 9. Specifically, a water supply hole 9a is provided inside the main shaft 9.
Water supply pipe 2 having a water supply valve 23a
3. The water supply chamber 21, the supply / exhaust chamber 20, and the supply / exhaust pipe 22 having the supply / exhaust valve 22a are omitted, and the supply / exhaust pipe 17 having the supply / exhaust valve 17a is omitted. Other configurations are shown in FIG.
Is the same as
【0086】以上のように構成された横軸水力機械の運
転方法を次のように行う。すなわち、入口弁32および
ガイドベーン3を全閉とし、バイパス弁34を開の状態
にして、渦巻ケーシング1内を充水したままで行う水面
押し下げ運転から揚水運転に移行する場合、給排気管1
3、14、排気管18に配設されている給排気弁13
a、14a、排気弁18aは全て全閉の上、連絡管15
にある排水弁15aを全閉の状態で、水圧管31と連通
しているバイパス管33から、水圧管給水管26の給水
弁26aを開操作して、円形状に配置した配管25を介
して下カバー7に4等配した開口部24から給水する運
転方法である。The operation method of the horizontal hydraulic machine constructed as described above is performed as follows. That is, in the case where the inlet valve 32 and the guide vane 3 are fully closed and the bypass valve 34 is in an open state to shift from the water surface lowering operation performed while the spiral casing 1 is filled with water to the water pumping operation, the supply / exhaust pipe 1
3, 14, the supply / exhaust valve 13 provided in the exhaust pipe 18
a, 14a, exhaust valve 18a are all closed
In a state in which the drain valve 15a is fully closed, the water supply valve 26a of the hydraulic pressure pipe water supply pipe 26 is opened from the bypass pipe 33 communicating with the hydraulic pressure pipe 31 via the pipe 25 arranged in a circular shape. This is an operation method in which water is supplied from the openings 24 equally arranged in the lower cover 7.
【0087】従って、ランナベーン4への充水は全て周
方向で均等に行われることになるため、ランナベーン4
にも均等な力が働き、異常な振動、騒音を抑制できる。
また、周方向に不均等な力、すなわちラジアルスラスト
も小さくなるため、軸受19に焼損等生ずることなく安
全である。さらに、渦巻ケーシング1は既に充水されて
いるため、この充水時間が不要であるから、速やかに揚
水運転に移行できる。Therefore, all the water is supplied to the runner vane 4 uniformly in the circumferential direction.
A uniform force acts on the motor to suppress abnormal vibration and noise.
In addition, since the uneven force in the circumferential direction, that is, the radial thrust is also reduced, the bearing 19 is safe without burning or the like. Furthermore, since the spiral casing 1 has already been filled with water, this water filling time is not necessary, so that it is possible to immediately shift to the pumping operation.
【0088】ここで、このような運転方法とした背景に
ついて説明する。前述の従来の技術では、いずれも水面
押し下げ運転および動水のランナ室3aへの充水運転に
際し、従来からいくつかの問題点が有った。一般に、こ
の種の運転は、動水のランナ室3aへの充水中といえど
もランナベーンは回転している。Here, the background of such a driving method will be described. In any of the above-described conventional techniques, there have been some problems in the operation of pushing down the water surface and the operation of charging the runner chamber 3a with the moving water. In general, this type of operation is such that the runner vanes are rotating even though the running water is filled in the runner chamber 3a.
【0089】調相運転などの水面押し下げ運転から揚水
または発電運転に移行するとき、立軸機械の場合のよう
に吸出管12の下方から水位を上昇させていくと、動水
とランナベーン4との接触時にアンバランスが生じ大き
な振動や騒音を発生し、運転不能に陥ることがあるので
これを避けるため、ケーシング内を排水してガイドベー
ンを全閉した状態での空転運転から、ランナ外周部近傍
の静止部流路に2個所以上の開口部を等間隔に設けた給
水管からの給水によりランナ室を充水する運転方法が幾
つか提案されている。When the water level is lowered from the lower side of the suction pipe 12 as in the case of a vertical machine when the water level is lowered from the water level lowering operation such as the phase adjustment operation to the pumping or power generation operation, the contact between the moving water and the runner vanes 4 is caused. In order to avoid this, imbalance may occur and generate large vibrations and noises, which may cause operation failure.In order to avoid this, drain the inside of the casing and run idle with the guide vane fully closed. Several operation methods have been proposed in which the runner chamber is filled with water from a water supply pipe provided with two or more openings at equal intervals in the stationary part flow path.
【0090】この運転方法は水面押し下げ運転から揚水
または発電運転に移行するとき、アンバランスによる大
きな振動や騒音を発生せず、スムーズに移行できる優れ
た方法である。しかし、ケーシング内を排水するので、
この水と入れ替えるために必要な高圧空気のタンクの容
量が大きくなる上、ケーシングを排水したり充水したり
するのに長い時間を要するため、迅速な運転の移行がで
きないという問題があった。This operation method is an excellent method that can smoothly transition to a pumping operation or a power generation operation without generating large vibration or noise due to imbalance when shifting from the water surface pushing operation to the water pumping or power generation operation. However, since the inside of the casing is drained,
There has been a problem that the capacity of the high-pressure air tank required to replace the water becomes large, and that it takes a long time to drain and fill the casing, so that it is not possible to shift the operation quickly.
【0091】これに対して本発明の第3の実施形態によ
れば、このような観点からなされたものであって、水面
押し下げ運転から揚水または発電運転に移行する際の過
大な振動、騒音を生ずることなく安全でより迅速に移行
でき、かつ、高圧空気を製造するためのコンプレッサや
高圧空気のタンクが小さくてすむ、簡易な横軸水力機械
の運転方法が得られる。On the other hand, according to the third embodiment of the present invention, which has been made from this point of view, excessive vibration and noise at the time of shifting from the water surface lowering operation to the pumping or power generation operation are reduced. There is provided a simple method of operating a horizontal hydraulic machine which is safe and can be moved more quickly without occurrence, and requires a small compressor and a high pressure air tank for producing high pressure air.
【0092】<第4の実施形態>図8は本発明の横軸水
力機械の運転方法の第4の実施形態を説明するための単
軸単流フランシス形横軸水力機械の概略縦断面図であ
る。<Fourth Embodiment> FIG. 8 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a single-shaft single-flow Francis type horizontal-shaft hydraulic machine for explaining a fourth embodiment of a method of operating a horizontal-shaft hydraulic machine according to the present invention. is there.
【0093】図8の構成は図7の構成に主軸9内の給水
構造を付加したものである。主軸9は、吸出管12を貫
通して伸びており、その一端側には軸受19を介して給
水室21を備えている。The structure shown in FIG. 8 is obtained by adding a water supply structure in the main shaft 9 to the structure shown in FIG. The main shaft 9 extends through the suction pipe 12, and has a water supply chamber 21 at one end via a bearing 19.
【0094】給水室21は、主軸内部にあけた給水孔9
aに連通すると共に、給水管23に給水弁23aを備え
ている。給水管23の他端部は水圧管31に連通するよ
うに接続されている。The water supply chamber 21 is provided with a water supply hole 9 formed inside the main shaft.
a and a water supply pipe 23 is provided with a water supply valve 23a. The other end of the water supply pipe 23 is connected to communicate with the hydraulic pipe 31.
【0095】以上のように構成された横軸水力機械にお
いて、入口弁32およびガイドベーン3を全閉とし、バ
イパス弁34を開の状態にして、渦巻ケーシング1を充
水したままで行う水面押し下げ運転から揚水運転に移行
する場合、給排気管13、14、排気管18に配設され
ている給排気弁13a、14a、排気弁18aは全て全
閉の上、連絡管15にある排水弁15aを全閉の状態
で、水圧管31と連通しているバイパス管33から、水
圧管側給水管26の給水弁26aを開操作して円形状に
配置した配管25を介して吸出管側サイドカバー7に4
等配した開口部24から給水し、次に、吸出管12に設
けてある吸出管水位検出器16により、図8に示したよ
うにランナ背圧室6が充水されバンド11の最小径まで
充水されたことを条件に、給水管23の給水弁23aを
開操作して、主軸9内部を貫通してランナ室3aに連通
させ、図5に示したように周方向等配に設けた給水孔9
aより給水すると同時に、給水弁26aを全閉して主軸
給水に切り替える運転方法である。In the horizontal-axis hydraulic machine constructed as described above, the inlet valve 32 and the guide vane 3 are fully closed, the bypass valve 34 is opened, and the water surface is pushed down while the spiral casing 1 is filled with water. When shifting from the operation to the pumping operation, the supply / exhaust valves 13a, 14a and the exhaust valve 18a provided on the supply / exhaust pipes 13, 14 and the exhaust pipe 18 are all closed, and the drain valve 15a provided on the communication pipe 15 is closed. Is completely closed, the suction pipe side cover is opened from the bypass pipe 33 communicating with the hydraulic pipe 31 via the pipe 25 arranged in a circular shape by opening the water supply valve 26a of the water pressure pipe side water supply pipe 26. 7 to 4
Water is supplied from the evenly distributed openings 24, and then the runner back pressure chamber 6 is filled with the suction pipe water level detector 16 provided on the suction pipe 12 as shown in FIG. Under the condition that the water was filled, the water supply valve 23a of the water supply pipe 23 was opened to communicate with the runner chamber 3a through the inside of the main shaft 9, and provided in a circumferential direction as shown in FIG. Water supply hole 9
This is an operation method in which the water supply valve 26a is fully closed and water supply is switched from the main shaft water supply at the same time as the water supply is performed from a.
【0096】従って、第3の実施形態より広範囲にわた
って異常な振動、騒音を抑制できるばかりでなく、第3
の実施形態の同様な作用効果も得られる。Therefore, not only can abnormal vibration and noise be suppressed over a wider range than in the third embodiment,
The same operation and effect of the embodiment can be obtained.
【0097】<第5の実施形態>図9は本発明の横軸水
力機械の運転方法の第5の実施形態を説明するための単
軸単流フランシス形横軸水力機械の概略縦断面図であ
る。<Fifth Embodiment> FIG. 9 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a single-shaft single-flow Francis type horizontal-shaft hydraulic machine for explaining a fifth embodiment of a method of operating a horizontal-shaft hydraulic machine according to the present invention. is there.
【0098】図9に示した構成は図8の構成に加えて、
主軸9の一側に軸受19を介して給排気室20を備えた
ものである。給排気室20は、主軸9の内部にあけた給
排気9bに連通すると共に、給排気管22に給排気弁2
2aを備えて、給排気管22の他端部は図示しない空気
タンクに接続されている。The configuration shown in FIG. 9 is the same as the configuration shown in FIG.
A supply / exhaust chamber 20 is provided on one side of the main shaft 9 via a bearing 19. The air supply / exhaust chamber 20 communicates with the air supply / exhaust 9 b opened inside the main shaft 9, and also connects the air supply / exhaust valve 2 to the air supply / exhaust pipe 22.
2a, the other end of the supply / exhaust pipe 22 is connected to an air tank (not shown).
【0099】ランナ室3a内が充水されている状態から
水面押し下げ運転を行う場合を説明する。まず、水面を
押し下げのための各部品の動作を説明する。入口弁3
2、バイパス弁34、排気弁18a、給水弁23a、2
6aおよびガイドベーン3が全閉され、ランナベーン4
が停止中、給排気弁13a、14a、22a、および排
水弁15aを開操作して図示しない空気タンクから、高
圧空気を給排気管13、14、22によりランナ室3
a、続いて吸出管12へ導く。この高圧空気は、ランナ
室3aの上方から下方へ溜まり、逆に水はランナ室3a
から吸出管12へ排出される。ランナ室3aの下方部分
の水は最も下方にある開口部24aから連通管35を構
成する連絡管15を経て吸出管12へ排出され、ランナ
室3aが空になり、吸出管12の水位検出器16が所定
のレベルになったら、給排気弁13a、14a、22a
および排水弁15aを閉め、ランナベーン4を始動させ
て水面押し下げ運転に入る。この状態では、渦巻ケーシ
ング1内は充水されている。A case in which the water level lowering operation is performed while the inside of the runner chamber 3a is filled with water will be described. First, the operation of each component for pushing down the water surface will be described. Inlet valve 3
2, bypass valve 34, exhaust valve 18a, water supply valve 23a,
6a and the guide vanes 3 are fully closed and the runner vanes 4
Is stopped, the supply / exhaust valves 13a, 14a, 22a and the drain valve 15a are opened to supply high-pressure air from an air tank (not shown) through the supply / exhaust pipes 13, 14, 22 to the runner chamber 3.
a, and then to the suction tube 12. This high-pressure air accumulates from above the runner chamber 3a to below, and conversely, water is accumulated in the runner chamber 3a.
From the suction pipe 12. The water in the lower part of the runner chamber 3a is discharged from the lowermost opening 24a to the suction pipe 12 through the communication pipe 15 forming the communication pipe 35, and the runner chamber 3a becomes empty, and the water level detector of the suction pipe 12 is detected. When 16 reaches a predetermined level, supply / exhaust valves 13a, 14a, 22a
Then, the drain valve 15a is closed, the runner vane 4 is started, and the water level is lowered. In this state, the inside of the spiral casing 1 is filled with water.
【0100】図9のように構成された横軸水力機械にお
いて、入口弁32およびガイドベーン3を全閉とし、バ
イパス弁34を開の状態にして、渦巻ケーシング1を充
水したままで行う水面押し下げ運転から揚水運転に移行
する場合、給排気管13、14、排気管18に配設され
ている給排気弁13a、14a、排気弁18aは全て全
閉の上、連絡管15にある排水弁15aを全閉の状態
で、水圧管31と連通しているバイパス管33から、水
圧管側給水管26の給水弁26aを開操作して円形状に
配置した配管25を介して吸出管側サイドカバー7に4
等配した開口部24から給水し、次に、吸出管12に設
けてある吸出管水位検出器16により、前述した図8に
示したようにランナ背圧室6が充水され、ランナバンド
11の最小径まで充水されたことを条件に、給水管23
の給水弁23aを開操作して、主軸9内部を貫通してラ
ンナ室3aに連通させ、周方向等配に設けた給水孔9a
より給水すると同時に、給水弁26aを全閉して主軸給
水に切り替えて給水する一方、吸出管12の頭頂部に設
けた給排気管13の給排気弁13a、および主軸9の内
部に設けた給水孔9aに連通する給排気管22に設けた
給排気弁22aを開制御して、吸出管12内およびラン
ナ室3a全体を充水するように制御する。この時、ラン
ナ室3a内は主軸9の給水により充水されるように給排
気弁13a、22aの開度制御を実施する運転方法であ
る。In the horizontal-axis hydraulic machine constructed as shown in FIG. 9, the inlet valve 32 and the guide vane 3 are fully closed, the bypass valve 34 is open, and the water surface is maintained while the spiral casing 1 is filled. When shifting from the pushing down operation to the pumping operation, the supply / exhaust valves 13a, 14a, and the exhaust valve 18a provided on the supply / exhaust pipes 13, 14 and the exhaust pipe 18 are all fully closed, and the drain valve on the connecting pipe 15 is closed. With the 15a fully closed, the water supply valve 26a of the hydraulic pressure pipe side water supply pipe 26 is opened from the bypass pipe 33 communicating with the hydraulic pressure pipe 31, and the suction pipe side is opened via the pipe 25 arranged in a circular shape. 4 on cover 7
Water is supplied from the equally arranged openings 24, and then the runner back pressure chamber 6 is filled with the suction pipe water level detector 16 provided in the suction pipe 12 as shown in FIG. Water supply pipe 23, provided that water is filled to the minimum diameter of
The water supply valve 23a is opened to communicate with the runner chamber 3a through the inside of the main shaft 9, and the water supply holes 9a provided in the circumferential direction are equally arranged.
At the same time as supplying more water, the water supply valve 26a is fully closed to switch to the main shaft water supply, and water is supplied. The supply / exhaust valve 22a provided in the supply / exhaust pipe 22 communicating with the hole 9a is controlled to open so as to fill the inside of the suction pipe 12 and the entire runner chamber 3a with water. At this time, the operation method is such that the opening degree control of the supply / exhaust valves 13a and 22a is performed so that the inside of the runner chamber 3a is filled with the water supply of the main shaft 9.
【0101】従って、本発明の第5の実施形態によれ
ば、排気がスムーズに遂行されるようになり、一層、揚
水運転への移行が速やかに行え、また第3の実施形態と
同様な作用効果が得られる。Therefore, according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention, the exhaust can be smoothly performed, the transition to the pumping operation can be performed more quickly, and the same operation as the third embodiment can be performed. The effect is obtained.
【0102】<第6の実施形態>図10は本発明の横軸
水力機械の運転方法の第6の実施形態を説明するための
単軸単流フランシス形横軸水力機械の概略縦断面図であ
る。<Sixth Embodiment> FIG. 10 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a single-shaft single-flow Francis type horizontal-shaft hydraulic machine for explaining a sixth embodiment of the method of operating the horizontal-shaft hydraulic machine of the present invention. is there.
【0103】図10は図9に示した構成に加えて、連絡
管15の排水弁15aと吸出管12の途中に排水ポンプ
27を設置して、前記開口部24と吸出管12を連通さ
せたものである。In FIG. 10, in addition to the structure shown in FIG. 9, a drain valve 15a of the connecting pipe 15 and a drain pump 27 are provided in the middle of the suction pipe 12, so that the opening 24 and the suction pipe 12 communicate with each other. Things.
【0104】図10のように構成された水力機械におい
て、入口弁32およびガイドベーン3を全閉に設定し、
ランナベーン4が水中で静止した状態から高圧空気を用
いてランナ室3a内の水を排出する際、給水管23に設
けた給水弁23aを閉にし、吸出管12の頭頂部に設け
た給排気管13の給排気弁13aおよび主軸9の内部に
設けた給排気孔9bに連通する給排気管22に設けた給
排気弁22aを開制御してランナ室3aに高圧空気を給
気する。In the hydraulic machine configured as shown in FIG. 10, the inlet valve 32 and the guide vane 3 are set to fully closed,
When discharging the water in the runner chamber 3a using high-pressure air while the runner vane 4 is stationary in water, the water supply valve 23a provided in the water supply pipe 23 is closed, and the supply / exhaust pipe provided at the top of the suction pipe 12 is closed. The high-pressure air is supplied to the runner chamber 3a by controlling the opening of a supply / exhaust valve 22a provided in a supply / exhaust pipe 13 which communicates with a supply / exhaust valve 13a of 13 and a supply / exhaust hole 9b provided in the main shaft 9.
【0105】しかる後、連絡管15の排水弁15aを全
開し、排水ポンプ27を起動する。そしてランナ室3a
内の水位が、吸出管側サイドカバー7に設けた4つの開
口部24の内、最低位置にある1つのレベルに達し、ラ
ンナベーン4とランナ室3a内の水が干渉しない位置ま
で下がったことを条件に、連絡管15の排水弁15aを
全閉にすると共に排水ポンプ27を停止する。Thereafter, the drain valve 15a of the connecting pipe 15 is fully opened, and the drain pump 27 is started. And runner room 3a
Of the four openings 24 provided in the suction pipe side cover 7 has reached one level at the lowest position, and has dropped to a position where the water in the runner vane 4 and the water in the runner chamber 3a do not interfere with each other. Under the conditions, the drain valve 15a of the connecting pipe 15 is fully closed and the drain pump 27 is stopped.
【0106】一方、吸出管12に設けてある水位検出器
16により吸出管12内の水が所定の位置まで下がった
ことを条件に、給排気弁13a、22a、を全閉して高
圧空気の供給を停止する運転方法である。On the other hand, on condition that the water in the suction pipe 12 has dropped to a predetermined position by the water level detector 16 provided in the suction pipe 12, the supply / exhaust valves 13a and 22a are fully closed and the high pressure air is discharged. This is an operation method for stopping supply.
【0107】以上述べた第6の実施形態によれば、渦巻
ケーシング1内は排水せず、ランナ室3a内と吸出管1
2内の一部のみ排水して高圧空気と入れ替えるので、少
ない高圧空気量でも良く、コンプレッサやエアタンクを
コンパクトにできるし、排水時間が短く空転始動に速や
かに移行が可能である。また、排気がスムーズに遂行さ
れるようになり、一層、揚水運転への移行が速やかに行
え、また第3の実施形態と同様な作用効果が得られる。According to the sixth embodiment described above, the inside of the spiral casing 1 is not drained, and the inside of the runner chamber 3a and the suction pipe 1 are not drained.
Since only a part of the inside 2 is drained and replaced with high-pressure air, a small amount of high-pressure air may be used, the compressor and the air tank can be made compact, the draining time is short, and it is possible to quickly shift to idling start. In addition, the exhaust is smoothly performed, the shift to the pumping operation can be performed more quickly, and the same operation and effect as in the third embodiment can be obtained.
【0108】[0108]
【発明の効果】以上述べた本発明によれば、水面押し下
げ運転から揚水または発電運転に移行する際の過大な振
動、騒音を生ずることなく、迅速かつ安全に揚水または
発電負荷運転に移行でき、また水面押し下げ運転時にケ
ーシング排水した場合、最小限の高圧空気量にできるよ
うにした横軸水力機械およびその運転方法を提供するこ
とができる。According to the present invention described above, it is possible to quickly and safely shift to pumping or power generation load operation without generating excessive vibration and noise when shifting from water surface depressing operation to pumping or power generation operation. In addition, it is possible to provide a horizontal-axis hydraulic machine capable of reducing the amount of high-pressure air to a minimum when casing water is drained during a water surface pushing-down operation, and an operation method thereof.
【0109】また、本発明によれば、ケーシング内を充
水したままで行う水面押し下げ運転から、揚水または発
電運転に移行する際の過大な振動、騒音を生ずることな
く、迅速且安全に揚水または発電運転に移行でき、また
水面押し下げ運転時に最小限の高圧空気量にできる横軸
水力機械の運転方法を提供できる。Further, according to the present invention, pumping or pumping can be performed quickly and safely without generating excessive vibration and noise at the time of shifting from the water surface lowering operation performed with the casing filled with water to the pumping or power generation operation. It is possible to provide a method of operating a horizontal-axis hydraulic machine that can shift to a power generation operation and can minimize the amount of high-pressure air during a water surface pushing-down operation.
【図1】本発明にかかる単軸単流フランシス形横軸水力
機械の第1の実施形態を説明をするため概略縦断面図。FIG. 1 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view for explaining a first embodiment of a single-axis single-flow Francis type horizontal-axis hydraulic machine according to the present invention.
【図2】図1における充水運転中の一状態を示す図。FIG. 2 is a diagram showing one state during a water filling operation in FIG. 1;
【図3】本発明にかかる単軸復流フランシス形横軸水力
機械の第1の実施形態を説明するための概略縦断面図。FIG. 3 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view for explaining a first embodiment of a single-axis backward flow Francis type horizontal-axis hydraulic machine according to the present invention.
【図4】図1におけるXーX線に沿って切断し矢印方向
に見た水平断面図。FIG. 4 is a horizontal sectional view taken along the line XX in FIG. 1 and viewed in the direction of the arrow.
【図5】図1におけるYーY線に沿って切断し矢印方向
に見た水平断面図。FIG. 5 is a horizontal sectional view taken along the line YY in FIG. 1 and viewed in the direction of the arrow.
【図6】本発明にかかる単軸単流フランシス形横軸水力
機械の第2の実施形態を説明するための概略縦断面図。FIG. 6 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view for explaining a second embodiment of a single-shaft single-flow Francis type horizontal-shaft hydraulic machine according to the present invention.
【図7】本発明にかかる単軸単流フランシス形横軸水力
機械の第3の実施形態を説明するための概略縦断面図。FIG. 7 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view for explaining a third embodiment of a single-shaft, single-flow Francis type horizontal-shaft hydraulic machine according to the present invention.
【図8】本発明にかかる単軸単流フランシス形横軸水力
機械の第4の実施形態を説明するための概略縦断面図。FIG. 8 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view for explaining a fourth embodiment of a single-shaft, single-flow Francis-type horizontal-shaft hydraulic machine according to the present invention.
【図9】本発明にかかる単軸単流フランシス形横軸水力
機械の第5の実施形態を説明するための概略縦断面図。FIG. 9 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view for explaining a fifth embodiment of a single-shaft single-flow Francis type horizontal-shaft hydraulic machine according to the present invention.
【図10】本発明にかかる単軸単流フランシス形横軸水
力機械の第6の実施形態を説明するための概略縦断面
図。FIG. 10 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view for explaining a sixth embodiment of a single-shaft single-flow Francis type horizontal-axis hydraulic machine according to the present invention.
【図11】従来の単軸単流フランシス形横軸水力機械の
一例を示す概略縦断面図。FIG. 11 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view showing an example of a conventional single-axis single-flow Francis type horizontal-axis hydraulic machine.
1…ケーシング 2…ステーベーン 3…ガイドベーン 3a…ランナ室 4…ランナベーン 5…発電電動機側サイドカバー 6…ランナ背圧室 7…吸出管側サイドカバー 8…ランナ側圧室 9…主軸 9a…給水孔 9b…給排気孔 10…クラウン 11…ランナバンド 12…吸出管 13,14,17…給排気管 13a,14a,17a…給排気弁 15…連絡管 15a…吸出管側排水弁 16…吸出管水位検出器 18…排気管 18a…排気弁 19…軸受 20…給排気室 21…給水室 22…給排気管 22a…給排気弁 23…給水管 23a…給水弁 24…ランナ外周近傍の開口部 25,25´…円形状の配管 26…水圧管側給水管 26a…水圧管側給水弁 27…排水ポンプ 28…渦巻ケーシング水位検出器 30…上池 31…水圧管 32…入口弁 33…バイパス管 34…バイパス弁 35…連通管 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Casing 2 ... Stay vane 3 ... Guide vane 3a ... Runner chamber 4 ... Runner vane 5 ... Generator motor side side cover 6 ... Runner back pressure chamber 7 ... Suction pipe side side cover 8 ... Runner side pressure chamber 9 ... Main shaft 9a ... Water supply hole 9b ... Supply / exhaust hole 10 ... Crown 11 ... Runner band 12 ... Suction pipe 13,14,17 ... Supply / exhaust pipe 13a, 14a, 17a ... Supply / exhaust valve 15 ... Communication pipe 15a ... Suction pipe side drain valve 16 ... Suction pipe water level detection Vessel 18 ... Exhaust pipe 18a ... Exhaust valve 19 ... Bearing 20 ... Supply / exhaust chamber 21 ... Water supply chamber 22 ... Supply / exhaust pipe 22a ... Supply / exhaust valve 23 ... Supply pipe 23a ... Supply valve 24 ... Opening near the outer periphery of the runner 25,25 '... circular pipe 26 ... hydraulic pipe side water supply pipe 26a ... hydraulic pipe side water supply valve 27 ... drain pump 28 ... vortex casing water level detector 30 ... kamiike 31 ... hydraulic pipe 32 ... in The valve 33 ... bypass pipe 34 ... bypass valve 35 ... communicating pipe
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 米谷 幸男 神奈川県横浜市鶴見区末広町2丁目4番地 株式会社東芝京浜事業所内 (72)発明者 宮田 逸郎 東京都港区芝浦1丁目1番1号 株式会社 東芝本社事務所内 (72)発明者 小林 雅一 東京都中央区銀座6丁目15番1号 電源開 発株式会社内 (72)発明者 佐々木 俊雄 東京都中央区銀座6丁目15番1号 電源開 発株式会社内 (72)発明者 植松 博 東京都中央区銀座6丁目15番1号 電源開 発株式会社内 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Yukio Yoneya 2-4-4 Suehirocho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa Prefecture Inside the Toshiba Keihin Works Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Itsuro Miyata 1-1-1 Shibaura, Minato-ku, Tokyo Toshiba Corporation Head Office (72) Inventor Masakazu Kobayashi 6-15-1, Ginza, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Power Supply Development Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Toshio Sasaki 6-15-1, Ginza, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Power Supply (72) Inventor Hiroshi Uematsu 6-15-1, Ginza, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Inside Power Development Co., Ltd.
Claims (12)
吸出管を貫通して外部に延在した状態で回転自在に支持
される主軸と、この主軸の他端側に装着したランナと、
バイパス弁を併設した入口弁を介して水圧管からの動水
を前記ランナの外周に配置したガイドベーンへ導くと共
に、静止部側流路壁を介して前記吸出管に連通されるケ
ーシングとからなる横軸水力機械において、 前記ランナの外周部よりも外側でしかも前記ガイドベー
ン全閉位置よりも内側に位置するランナ室の静止部側流
路壁に、複数個の開口部を円周方向に設け、この開口部
を連通管を介挿して外部と連通させるように構成し、 この連通管には、水面押し下げ時に前記開口部を前記吸
出管に連通させる排水弁を有すると共に、水面押し下げ
状態から揚水運転又は発電運転への移行時に前記開口部
を前記水圧管に連通させる給水弁を有することを特徴と
する横軸水力機械。1. A main shaft which is horizontally arranged and rotatably supported with one end portion penetrating through a suction pipe and extending outside, a runner mounted on the other end side of the main shaft,
A fluid passage from the hydraulic pipe is guided to guide vanes arranged on the outer periphery of the runner via an inlet valve provided with a bypass valve, and a casing communicated with the suction pipe via a stationary part side flow path wall. In the horizontal axis hydraulic machine, a plurality of openings are provided in a circumferential direction in a stationary part side flow path wall of a runner chamber located outside the outer peripheral part of the runner and inside the guide vane fully closed position. The opening is inserted through a communication pipe to communicate with the outside.The communication pipe has a drain valve that connects the opening to the suction pipe when the water surface is pushed down, and pumps water from the water surface being pushed down. A horizontal-axis hydraulic machine having a water supply valve for connecting the opening to the hydraulic pipe at the time of transition to operation or power generation operation.
所は、ガイドベーンが水面押し下げ運転のためにあらか
じめ定められた所定の小開度もしくは全閉に設定された
際、最も下方に位置するガイドベーンの内周側に位置す
る静止部側流路側壁に形成したことを特徴とする請求項
1記載の横軸水力機械。2. At least one of the plurality of openings is located at the lowest position when the guide vane is set to a predetermined small opening degree or a fully-closed state for the water surface lowering operation. The horizontal-axis hydraulic machine according to claim 1, wherein the horizontal-axis hydraulic machine is formed on a stationary portion-side channel side wall located on an inner peripheral side of the guide vane to be formed.
水ポンプを設けたことを特徴とする請求項1記載の横軸
水力機械。3. The horizontal-axis hydraulic machine according to claim 1, wherein a drainage pump is provided in a communication pipe connected to the opening.
吸出管を貫通して外部に延在した状態で回転自在に支持
される主軸と、この主軸の他端側に装着したランナと、
バイパス弁を併設した入口弁を介して水圧管からの動水
を前記ランナの外周に配置したガイドベーンへ導くと共
に、静止部側流路壁を介して前記吸出管に連通されるケ
ーシングとからなる横軸水力機械において、 前記ランナの外周部よりも外側でしかも前記ガイドベー
ン全閉位置よりも内側に位置するランナ室の静止部側流
路壁に、複数個の開口部を円周方向に設け、この開口部
を連通管を介挿して外部と連通させるように構成し、 この連通管には、水面押し下げ時に前記開口部を前記吸
出管に連通させる排水弁を有すると共に、水面押し下げ
状態から揚水運転又は発電運転への移行時に前記開口部
を前記水圧管に連通させる給水弁を有するようにし、 前記主軸内部を貫通して設けた給水孔により、前記ラン
ナ室と前記吸出管外部に設けた給水室とを連通する横軸
水力機械。A main shaft rotatably supported in a state where the main shaft is disposed in a horizontal direction and one end of the main shaft extends outside through the suction pipe, and a runner mounted on the other end of the main shaft;
A fluid passage from the hydraulic pipe is guided to guide vanes arranged on the outer periphery of the runner via an inlet valve provided with a bypass valve, and a casing communicated with the suction pipe via a stationary part side flow path wall. In the horizontal axis hydraulic machine, a plurality of openings are provided in a circumferential direction in a stationary part side flow path wall of a runner chamber located outside the outer peripheral part of the runner and inside the guide vane fully closed position. The opening is configured to communicate with the outside through a communication pipe, and the communication pipe has a drain valve that communicates the opening with the suction pipe when the water surface is pushed down, and pumps water from a state where the water surface is pushed down. A water supply valve for communicating the opening to the hydraulic pipe at the time of transition to operation or power generation operation is provided, and a water supply hole penetrating through the inside of the main shaft is provided outside the runner chamber and the suction pipe. The horizontal axis hydraulic machinery for communicating the water chamber.
吸出管を貫通して外部に延在した状態で回転自在に支持
される主軸と、この主軸の他端側に装着したランナと、
バイパス弁を併設した入口弁を介して水圧管からの動水
を前記ランナの外周に配置したガイドベーンへ導くと共
に、静止部側流路壁を介して前記吸出管に連通されるケ
ーシングを備え、前記ランナの外周部よりも外側でしか
も前記ガイドベーン全閉位置よりも内側に位置するラン
ナ室の静止部側流路壁に、複数個の開口部を円周方向に
設け、この開口部を連通管を介挿して外部と連通させる
ように構成し、この連通管には、水面押し下げ時に前記
開口部を前記吸出管に連通させる排水弁を有すると共
に、水面押し下げ状態から揚水運転又は発電運転への移
行時に前記開口部を前記水圧管に連通させる給水弁を有
する横軸水力機械において、前記入口弁を全閉状態と
し、前記ケーシング内を排水して行う水面押し下げ運転
から揚水または発電運転に移行する際、前記ガイドベー
ンを全閉の状態で、前記バイパス弁を通して前記ケーシ
ングに給水すると共に、前記複数の開口部に接続されて
いる連通管に設けた給水弁を開操作し、前記複数の各開
口部から円周方向にほぼ均等に給水することを特徴とす
る横軸水力機械の運転方法。5. A main shaft, which is horizontally disposed, is rotatably supported with one end portion penetrating through the suction pipe and extending to the outside, and a runner mounted on the other end side of the main shaft.
A guide that guides hydraulic fluid from a hydraulic pipe to a guide vane disposed on the outer periphery of the runner through an inlet valve provided with a bypass valve, and a casing that communicates with the suction pipe through a stationary part side flow path wall, A plurality of openings are provided in the stationary part side flow path wall of the runner chamber located outside the outer periphery of the runner and inside the guide vane fully closed position in a circumferential direction, and the openings are communicated with each other. It is configured to communicate with the outside by inserting a pipe, and this communication pipe has a drain valve that connects the opening to the suction pipe when the water surface is pushed down, and from the water surface pushing down state to the pumping operation or the power generation operation. In a horizontal-axis hydraulic machine having a water supply valve for connecting the opening to the hydraulic pipe at the time of transition, the inlet valve is fully closed, and the casing is drained from the water surface lowering operation to pumping or power generation. At the time of shifting to, while the guide vane is fully closed, water is supplied to the casing through the bypass valve, and a water supply valve provided in a communication pipe connected to the plurality of openings is opened, and The method of operating a horizontal axis hydraulic machine characterized in that water is supplied substantially uniformly in the circumferential direction from each of the openings.
吸出管を貫通して外部に延在した状態で回転自在に支持
される主軸と、この主軸の他端側に装着したランナと、
バイパス弁を併設した入口弁を介して水圧管からの動水
を前記ランナの外周に配置したガイドベーンへ導くと共
に、静止部側流路壁を介して前記吸出管に連通されるケ
ーシングを備え、前記ランナの外周部よりも外側でしか
も前記ガイドベーン全閉位置よりも内側に位置するラン
ナ室の静止部側流路壁に、複数個の開口部を円周方向に
設け、この開口部を連通管を介挿して外部と連通させる
ように構成し、この連通管には、水面押し下げ時に前記
開口部を前記吸出管に連通させる排水弁を有すると共
に、水面押し下げ状態から揚水運転又は発電運転への移
行時に前記開口部を前記水圧管に連通させる給水弁を有
するようにし、前記主軸内部を貫通して設けた給水孔に
より、前記ランナ室と前記吸出管外部に設けた給水室と
を連通する横軸水力機械において、 前記入口弁を全閉状態とし、前記ケーシング内を排水し
て行う水面押し下げ運転から揚水または発電運転に移行
する際、前記ガイドベーンを全閉の状態で、前記バイパ
ス弁を開状態として前記バイパス弁を有するバイパス管
から前記ケーシングに給水すると共に、前記複数の開口
部に接続されている連通管に設けた給水弁を開操作し、
前記複数の各開口部から円周方向にほぼ均等に給水し、
前記ランナの前記主軸の装着部近傍に形成されている側
圧室が充水され、前記ランナ室がランナ外周からランナ
バンドが最小径まで充水されたことを条件に、前記主軸
の給水孔からの主軸給水に切り替えて給水することを特
徴とする横軸水力機械の運転方法。6. A main shaft which is horizontally disposed and is rotatably supported with one end portion penetrating through the suction pipe and extending outside, a runner mounted on the other end side of the main shaft,
A guide that guides hydraulic fluid from a hydraulic pipe to a guide vane disposed on the outer periphery of the runner through an inlet valve provided with a bypass valve, and a casing that communicates with the suction pipe through a stationary part side flow path wall, A plurality of openings are provided in the stationary part side flow path wall of the runner chamber located outside the outer periphery of the runner and inside the guide vane fully closed position in a circumferential direction, and the openings are communicated with each other. It is configured to communicate with the outside by inserting a pipe, and this communication pipe has a drain valve that connects the opening to the suction pipe when the water surface is pushed down, and from the water surface pushing down state to the pumping operation or the power generation operation. A water supply valve for communicating the opening to the hydraulic pipe at the time of transition is provided, and a water supply hole penetrating the inside of the main shaft is used to connect the runner chamber to a water supply chamber provided outside the suction pipe. Shaft hydro In the machine, the inlet valve is fully closed, and when shifting from the water surface pushing down operation performed by draining the casing to the pumping or power generation operation, the guide vane is fully closed, and the bypass valve is opened. While supplying water to the casing from a bypass pipe having the bypass valve, opening a water supply valve provided in a communication pipe connected to the plurality of openings,
Water is supplied almost uniformly in the circumferential direction from each of the plurality of openings,
The side pressure chamber formed in the vicinity of the mounting portion of the main shaft of the runner is filled with water, and the runner chamber is filled with water from the outer periphery of the runner to the minimum diameter of the runner band. A method for operating a horizontal-axis hydraulic machine, characterized by switching over to main shaft water supply and supplying water.
吸出管を貫通して外部に延在した状態で回転自在に支持
される主軸と、この主軸の他端側に装着したランナと、
バイパス弁を併設した入口弁を介して水圧管からの動水
を前記ランナの外周に配置したガイドベーンへ導くと共
に、静止部側流路壁を介して前記吸出管に連通されるケ
ーシングを備え、前記ランナの外周部よりも外側でしか
も前記ガイドベーン全閉位置よりも内側に位置するラン
ナ室の静止部側流路壁に、複数個の開口部を円周方向に
設け、この開口部を連通管を介挿して外部と連通させる
ように構成し、この連通管には、水面押し下げ時に前記
開口部を前記吸出管に連通させる排水弁を有すると共
に、水面押し下げ状態から揚水運転又は発電運転への移
行時に前記開口部を前記水圧管に連通させる給水弁を有
し、前記ケーシングの頭頂部と、前記吸出管の頭頂部
と、前記ランナ側圧室と、前記主軸の給水孔にそれぞれ
一端部を連通するように、各々の一部に排気弁を有する
排気管を接続した横軸水力機械において、 前記入口弁を全閉状態とし、前記ケーシング内を排水し
て行う水面押し下げ運転から揚水または発電運転に移行
する際、前記ガイドベーンを全閉の状態で、前記バイパ
ス弁を開状態として前記バイパス管から前記ケーシング
に給水すると共に、前記複数の開口部に接続されている
連通管に設けた給水弁を開操作し、前記複数の各開口部
から円周方向にほぼ均等に給水し、前記ランナの前記主
軸の装着部近傍に形成されている側圧室が充水され、前
記ランナ室がランナ外周からランナバンドが最小径まで
充水されたことを条件に、前記主軸の給水孔からの主軸
給水に切り替えて給水する一方、前記各排気管に各々有
する排気弁を開状態として排気させるとき、まず、前記
ケーシングおよび側圧室に設けた排気管の排気弁を開操
作して排気し、前記側圧室が充水されて前記ランナ室が
外周側からランナバンド最小径まで充水された後、前記
吸出管の水位をランナバンド最小径位置より上昇させる
ように、前記吸出管排気弁及び主軸排気弁の開度を制御
することを特徴とする横軸水力機械の運転方法。7. A main shaft, which is horizontally disposed, is rotatably supported with one end thereof penetrating through the suction pipe and extending to the outside, and a runner mounted on the other end of the main shaft.
A guide that guides hydraulic fluid from a hydraulic pipe to a guide vane disposed on the outer periphery of the runner through an inlet valve provided with a bypass valve, and a casing that communicates with the suction pipe through a stationary part side flow path wall, A plurality of openings are provided in the stationary part side flow path wall of the runner chamber located outside the outer periphery of the runner and inside the guide vane fully closed position in a circumferential direction, and the openings are communicated with each other. It is configured to communicate with the outside by inserting a pipe, and this communication pipe has a drain valve that connects the opening to the suction pipe when the water surface is pushed down, and from the water surface pushing down state to the pumping operation or the power generation operation. A water supply valve that communicates the opening with the hydraulic pipe at the time of transition, and has one end communicating with the top of the casing, the top of the suction pipe, the runner-side pressure chamber, and the water supply hole of the main shaft. To do In a horizontal-axis hydraulic machine in which an exhaust pipe having an exhaust valve is connected to a part thereof, when the inlet valve is fully closed, and when shifting from a water level lowering operation performed by draining the casing to a pumping or power generation operation, While the guide vane is fully closed, the bypass valve is opened to supply water from the bypass pipe to the casing, and to open a water supply valve provided in a communication pipe connected to the plurality of openings. Water is supplied substantially evenly in the circumferential direction from each of the plurality of openings, the side pressure chamber formed near the mounting portion of the main shaft of the runner is filled with water, and the runner chamber is configured such that a runner band is formed from the outer periphery of the runner. Under the condition that the water is filled to a small diameter, while switching to the main shaft water supply from the water supply hole of the main shaft to supply water, while exhausting each of the exhaust pipes by opening the exhaust valves provided in each of the exhaust pipes, first, After the exhaust valve of the exhaust pipe provided in the casing and the side pressure chamber is opened and exhausted, the side pressure chamber is filled with water and the runner chamber is filled with water from the outer peripheral side to a runner band minimum diameter, and then the suction pipe is A method for operating a horizontal-axis hydraulic machine, comprising controlling the opening of the exhaust pipe exhaust valve and the main shaft exhaust valve so that the water level is raised from a runner band minimum diameter position.
吸出管を貫通して外部に延在した状態で回転自在に支持
される主軸と、この主軸の他端側に装着したランナと、
バイパス弁を併設した入口弁を介して水圧管からの動水
を前記ランナの外周に配置したガイドベーンへ導くと共
に、静止部側流路壁を介して前記吸出管に連通されるケ
ーシングを備え、前記ランナの外周部よりも外側でしか
も前記ガイドベーン全閉位置よりも内側に位置するラン
ナ室の静止部側流路壁に、複数個の開口部を円周方向に
設け、この開口部を連通管を介挿して外部と連通させる
ように構成し、この連通管には、水面押し下げ時に前記
開口部を前記吸出管に連通させる排水弁を有すると共
に、水面押し下げ状態から揚水運転又は発電運転への移
行時に前記開口部を前記水圧管に連通させる給水弁を配
設し、前記主軸内部を貫通してランナ室と連通すると共
に、周方向に等間隔に複数の給水孔を形成し、前記複数
の開口部に接続した連通管のうち、他端部が前記吸出管
に接続されている連絡管の途中に配設されている弁と直
列に排水ポンプを設け、前記ケーシングの頭頂部と、前
記吸出管の頭頂部と、前記主軸の給水孔にそれぞれ一端
部を連通し、各々の一部に給気弁を有すると共に他端部
を高圧空気を供給する設備に接続する給気管を接続した
横軸水力機械において、 前記入口弁を全閉の状態とした上で前記ガイドベーンを
あらかじめ定められた所定の小開度状態もしくは全閉状
態に設定し、前記ランナが水中で静止した状態から高圧
空気を用いてランナおよび前記ケーシング内の水を排出
する際、前記ケーシングの給気弁、前記主軸の給気弁お
よび前記吸出管の給気弁を開操作して前記ランナ室に高
圧空気を注入し、しかる後、前記ガイドベーンを開状態
とし、前記吸出管に接続されている連通管の途中に配設
されている弁を開操作して前記排水ポンプを起動し、前
記ケーシング内の水を前記吸出管に排水し、前記ケーシ
ング内の水面位置が所定の位置まで下がったことを条件
に前記連通管の弁を閉鎖して、前記排水ポンプを停止さ
せる一方、前記吸出管の水が所定の水位まで下がったこ
とを条件に前記ランナ室への高圧空気の供給を停止する
ようにした横軸水力機械の運転方法。And a runner mounted on the other end of the main shaft, the main shaft being disposed in a horizontal direction and rotatably supported with one end portion extending through the suction pipe and extending to the outside.
A guide that guides hydraulic fluid from a hydraulic pipe to a guide vane disposed on the outer periphery of the runner through an inlet valve provided with a bypass valve, and a casing that communicates with the suction pipe through a stationary part side flow path wall, A plurality of openings are provided in the stationary part side flow path wall of the runner chamber located outside the outer periphery of the runner and inside the guide vane fully closed position in a circumferential direction, and the openings are communicated with each other. It is configured to communicate with the outside by inserting a pipe, and this communication pipe has a drain valve that connects the opening to the suction pipe when the water surface is pushed down, and from the water surface pushing down state to the pumping operation or the power generation operation. A water supply valve that communicates the opening with the hydraulic pipe at the time of the transition is provided, and a plurality of water supply holes are formed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction while communicating with the runner chamber through the inside of the main shaft. Connected to the opening Of the passage pipes, a drain pump is provided in series with a valve disposed in the middle of a communication pipe whose other end is connected to the suction pipe, a top of the casing, and a top of the suction pipe. A horizontal-axis hydraulic machine having one end connected to a water supply hole of the main shaft, and having an air supply valve in a part thereof and an air supply pipe connected to a facility for supplying high-pressure air at the other end, The guide vane is set to a predetermined small opening state or a fully closed state after the inlet valve is fully closed, and the runner and the runner are set using high-pressure air while the runner is stationary in water. When discharging the water in the casing, the high pressure air is injected into the runner chamber by opening the air supply valve of the casing, the air supply valve of the main shaft, and the air supply valve of the suction pipe, and then the guide Open the vane and The drainage pump is started by opening a valve arranged in the middle of the communication pipe connected to the pipe, draining the water in the casing to the suction pipe, and the water surface position in the casing is predetermined. The valve of the communication pipe is closed on the condition that the pressure has dropped to the position, and the drain pump is stopped, while the high-pressure air to the runner chamber is provided on the condition that the water of the suction pipe has dropped to a predetermined water level. Method of operating a horizontal axis hydraulic machine that stops the supply of water.
吸出管を貫通して外部に延在した状態で回転自在に支持
される主軸と、この主軸の他端側に装着したランナと、
バイパス弁を併設した入口弁を介して水圧管からの動水
を前記ランナの外周に配置したガイドベーンへ導くと共
に、静止部側流路壁を介して前記吸出管に連通されるケ
ーシングを備え、前記ランナの外周部よりも外側でしか
も前記ガイドベーン全閉位置よりも内側に位置するラン
ナ室の静止部側流路壁に、複数個の開口部を円周方向に
設け、この開口部を連通管を介挿して外部と連通させる
ように構成し、この連通管には、水面押し下げ時に前記
開口部を前記吸出管に連通させる排水弁を有すると共
に、水面押し下げ状態から揚水運転又は発電運転への移
行時に前記開口部を前記バイパス管あるいは水圧管に連
通させる給水弁を有する横軸水力機械において、 前記入口弁を全閉とし、前記ケーシング内を充水したま
ま行う水面押し下げ運転から揚水または発電運転に移行
する際、前記ガイドベーンを全閉の状態で、前記バイパ
ス弁を開状態として前記バイパス管から、前記開口部に
接続されている連通管の途中に設けた給水弁を開操作し
て前記ランナ外周部近傍の静止部側流路に設けた複数の
開口部を経て給水することを特徴とする横軸水力機械の
運転方法。9. A main shaft which is horizontally disposed and rotatably supported with one end portion penetrating through the suction pipe and extending to the outside, a runner mounted on the other end side of the main shaft,
A guide that guides hydraulic fluid from a hydraulic pipe to a guide vane disposed on the outer periphery of the runner through an inlet valve provided with a bypass valve, and a casing that communicates with the suction pipe through a stationary part side flow path wall, A plurality of openings are provided in the stationary part side flow path wall of the runner chamber located outside the outer periphery of the runner and inside the guide vane fully closed position in a circumferential direction, and the openings are communicated with each other. It is configured to communicate with the outside by inserting a pipe, and this communication pipe has a drain valve that connects the opening to the suction pipe when the water surface is pushed down, and from the water surface pushing down state to the pumping operation or the power generation operation. In a horizontal-axis hydraulic machine having a water supply valve that connects the opening to the bypass pipe or the hydraulic pipe at the time of transition, the water level pushing-down operation in which the inlet valve is fully closed and the casing is filled with water is performed. When shifting to pumping or power generation operation from the bypass pipe with the guide vane fully closed and the bypass valve in the open state, a water supply valve provided in the middle of the communication pipe connected to the opening is provided. A method of operating a horizontal-axis hydraulic machine, characterized in that water is supplied through a plurality of openings provided in a stationary part side flow path near the outer periphery of the runner by opening operation.
が吸出管を貫通して外部に延在した状態で回転自在に支
持される主軸と、この主軸の他端側に装着したランナ
と、バイパス弁を併設した入口弁を介して水圧管からの
動水を前記ランナの外周に配置したガイドベーンへ導く
と共に、静止部側流路壁を介して前記吸出管に連通され
るケーシングを備え、前記ランナの外周部よりも外側で
しかも前記ガイドベーン全閉位置よりも内側に位置する
ランナ室の静止部側流路壁に、複数個の開口部を円周方
向に設け、この開口部を連通管を介挿して外部と連通さ
せるように構成し、この連通管には、水面押し下げ時に
前記開口部を前記吸出管に連通させる排水弁を有すると
共に、水面押し下げ状態から揚水運転又は発電運転への
移行時に前記開口部を前記バイパス管あるいは水圧管に
連通させる給水弁を配設し、主軸内部を貫通してランナ
室と連通すると共に、周方向に複数の給水孔を形成した
横軸水力機械において、 前記入口弁を全閉とし、前記ケーシング内を充水したま
ま行う水面押し下げ運転から揚水または発電運転に移行
する際、前記ガイドベーンを全閉の状態で、前記バイパ
ス弁を開状態として前記バイパス管から、前記各開口部
に接続されている連通管の途中に設けた給水弁を開操作
して前記ランナ外周部近傍の静止部側流路に設けた開口
部を経て給水し、前記ランナの前記主軸の装着部近傍に
形成されている側圧室が充水され、ランナ室がランナ外
周からランナバンドの最小径まで充水されたことを条件
に、前記主軸の給水孔からの主軸給水に切り替えて給水
することを特徴とする横軸水力機械の運転方法。And a runner mounted on the other end of the main shaft, the main shaft being disposed in a horizontal direction and rotatably supported with one end portion extending through the suction pipe and extending outside. A guide that guides hydraulic fluid from a hydraulic pipe to a guide vane disposed on the outer periphery of the runner through an inlet valve provided with a bypass valve, and a casing that communicates with the suction pipe through a stationary part side flow path wall, A plurality of openings are provided in the stationary part side flow path wall of the runner chamber located outside the outer periphery of the runner and inside the guide vane fully closed position in a circumferential direction, and the openings are communicated with each other. It is configured to communicate with the outside by inserting a pipe, and this communication pipe has a drain valve that connects the opening to the suction pipe when the water surface is pushed down, and from the water surface pushing down state to the pumping operation or the power generation operation. At the time of transition A horizontal-axis hydraulic machine having a water supply valve communicating with the bypass pipe or the hydraulic pipe, penetrating through the inside of the main shaft and communicating with the runner chamber, and having a plurality of water supply holes formed in a circumferential direction. When the operation is shifted from the water surface pushing-down operation, which is performed while the casing is being filled with water, to the pumping or power generation operation, the guide vane is fully closed, the bypass valve is opened, and the bypass pipe is opened. A water supply valve provided in the middle of a communication pipe connected to the runner is opened to supply water through an opening provided in a stationary portion side flow path near the outer periphery of the runner, and near a mounting portion of the runner on the main shaft. The water supply is performed by switching to the main shaft water supply from the water supply hole of the main shaft on condition that the side pressure chamber formed in the main shaft is filled with water and the runner chamber is filled with water from the outer periphery of the runner to the minimum diameter of the runner band. The operating method of the horizontal axis hydraulic machine.
が吸出管を貫通して外部に延在した状態で回転自在に支
持される主軸と、この主軸の他端側に装着したランナ
と、バイパス弁を併設した入口弁を介して水圧管からの
動水を前記ランナの外周に配置したガイドベーンへ導く
と共に、静止部側流路壁を介して前記吸出管に連通され
るケーシングを備え、前記ランナの外周部よりも外側で
しかも前記ガイドベーン全閉位置よりも内側に位置する
ランナ室の静止部側流路壁に、複数個の開口部を円周方
向に設け、この開口部を連通管を介挿して外部と連通さ
せるように構成し、この連通管には、水面押し下げ時に
前記開口部を前記吸出管に連通させる排水弁を有すると
共に、水面押し下げ状態から揚水運転又は発電運転への
移行時に前記開口部を前記バイパス管あるいは水圧管に
連通させる給水弁を配設し、前記主軸内部を貫通してラ
ンナ室と連通すると共に、周方向に複数の給水孔を形成
し、前記吸出管の登頂部と、前記ランナ側圧室と、前記
主軸の給水孔にそれぞれ一端部を連通するように、各々
の一部に排気弁を有する排気管を接続した横軸水力機械
において、 前記入口弁を全閉とし、前記ケーシング内を充水したま
ま行う水面押し下げ運転から揚水または発電運転に移行
する際、前記ガイドベーンを全閉の状態で、前記バイパ
ス管に有するバイパス弁を開状態として前記バイパス管
から、前記開口部に接続されている連通管の途中に設け
た給水弁を開操作して前記ランナ外周部近傍の静止部側
流路に設けた各開口部を経て給水し、前記ランナの前記
主軸の装着部近傍に形成されている側圧室が充水され、
ランナ室がランナ外周からランナバンドの最小径まで充
水されたことを条件に、前記主軸の給水孔からの主軸給
水に切り替えて給水する一方、前記各排気管に各々有す
る排気弁を開状態として排気させるとき、まず、前記側
圧室に設けた排気管の排気弁を開操作して排気し、前記
側圧室が充水されて前記ランナ室が外周側からランナバ
ンド最小径まで充水された後、前記吸出管の水位をラン
ナバンド最小径位置より上昇させるように、前記吸出管
排気弁および主軸排気弁の開度を制御することを特徴と
する横軸水力機械の運転方法。11. A main shaft which is horizontally arranged and rotatably supported with one end portion penetrating through the suction pipe and extending to the outside, a runner mounted on the other end side of the main shaft, A guide that guides hydraulic fluid from a hydraulic pipe to a guide vane disposed on the outer periphery of the runner through an inlet valve provided with a bypass valve, and a casing that communicates with the suction pipe through a stationary part side flow path wall, A plurality of openings are provided in the stationary part side flow path wall of the runner chamber located outside the outer periphery of the runner and inside the guide vane fully closed position in a circumferential direction, and the openings are communicated with each other. It is configured to communicate with the outside by inserting a pipe, and this communication pipe has a drain valve that connects the opening to the suction pipe when the water surface is pushed down, and from the water surface pushing down state to the pumping operation or the power generation operation. At the time of transition A water supply valve communicating with the bypass pipe or the hydraulic pipe is provided, penetrates the inside of the main shaft and communicates with the runner chamber, and a plurality of water supply holes are formed in a circumferential direction, and a top of the suction pipe, In a horizontal axis hydraulic machine in which an exhaust pipe having an exhaust valve is connected to a part of each of the runner side pressure chambers and one end of each of which communicates with a water supply hole of the main shaft, the inlet valve is fully closed, and the casing is When shifting from the water surface pushing operation performed while the inside is filled to the pumping or power generation operation, in a state where the guide vane is fully closed, a bypass valve provided in the bypass pipe is opened to open the bypass valve from the bypass pipe to the opening. Opening a water supply valve provided in the middle of the connected communication pipe to supply water through each opening provided in the stationary portion side flow path near the outer periphery of the runner, and near the mounting portion of the runner near the main shaft. Formed Side pressure chamber is filled with water,
On the condition that the runner chamber is filled with water from the runner outer periphery to the minimum diameter of the runner band, while switching to the main shaft water supply from the water supply hole of the main shaft to supply water, the exhaust valves respectively provided in the respective exhaust pipes are opened. When exhausting, first, the exhaust valve of the exhaust pipe provided in the side pressure chamber is opened and exhausted, and after the side pressure chamber is filled with water and the runner chamber is filled with water from the outer peripheral side to the runner band minimum diameter. And controlling the opening of the suction pipe exhaust valve and the main shaft exhaust valve so that the water level of the suction pipe rises from the runner band minimum diameter position.
が吸出管を貫通して外部に延在した状態で回転自在に支
持される主軸と、この主軸の他端側に装着したランナ
と、バイパス弁を併設した入口弁を介して水圧管からの
動水を前記ランナの外周に配置したガイドベーンへ導く
と共に、静止部側流路壁を介して前記吸出管に連通され
るケーシングを備え、前記ランナの外周部よりも外側で
しかも前記ガイドベーン全閉位置よりも内側に位置する
ランナ室の静止部側流路壁に、複数個の開口部を円周方
向に設け、この開口部を連通管を介挿して外部と連通さ
せるように構成し、この連通管には、水面押し下げ時に
前記開口部を前記吸出管に連通させる排水弁を有すると
共に、水面押し下げ状態から揚水運転又は発電運転への
移行時に前記開口部を前記バイパス管あるいは水圧管に
連通させる給水弁を配設し、前記主軸内部を貫通してラ
ンナ室と連通すると共に、周方向に等間隔に複数の給水
孔を形成し、前記開口部に接続した給水配管のうち、他
端部が前記吸出管に接続されている連通管の途中に配設
されている弁と前記吸出管との間に排水ポンプを設け、
前記吸出管の頭頂部と、前記主軸の給水孔にそれぞれ一
端部を連通し、各々の一部に給気弁を有すると共に他端
部に高圧空気を供給する設備に接続する給気管を接続し
た水力機械において、 前記入口弁を全閉にし、前記バイパス弁を開にし、前記
ガイドベーンを全閉状態にし、前記ランナが水中で静止
した状態から高圧空気を用いてランナ室の水を排出する
際、前記主軸の給気弁および前記吸出管の給気弁を開操
作して、前記ランナ室に高圧空気を注入し、水位が低下
して最低ランナバンド位置に達したことを条件に、前記
吸出管に接続されている連通管の途中に配設されている
弁を開操作して前記排水ポンプを起動し、前記ランナ室
内の水を前記吸出管に排水し、前記ランナ室内の水面位
置が所定の水位まで下がったことを条件に前記連絡管の
弁を閉鎖して、前記排水ポンプを停止させる一方、前記
吸出管の水が所定の水位まで下がったことを条件に前記
ランナ室への高圧空気の供給を停止するようにした横軸
水力機械の運転方法。12. A main shaft which is disposed in a horizontal direction and is rotatably supported with one end portion penetrating through the suction pipe and extending to the outside, and a runner mounted on the other end side of the main shaft. A guide that guides hydraulic fluid from a hydraulic pipe to a guide vane disposed on the outer periphery of the runner through an inlet valve provided with a bypass valve, and a casing that communicates with the suction pipe through a stationary part side flow path wall, A plurality of openings are provided in the stationary part side flow path wall of the runner chamber located outside the outer periphery of the runner and inside the guide vane fully closed position in a circumferential direction, and the openings are communicated with each other. It is configured to communicate with the outside by inserting a pipe, and this communication pipe has a drain valve that connects the opening to the suction pipe when the water surface is pushed down, and from the water surface pushing down state to the pumping operation or the power generation operation. At the time of transition A water supply valve communicating with the bypass pipe or the hydraulic pipe was provided, penetrating the inside of the main shaft and communicating with the runner chamber, and a plurality of water supply holes were formed at equal intervals in a circumferential direction, and connected to the opening. Among the water supply pipes, a drain pump is provided between the valve and the suction pipe that are arranged in the middle of the communication pipe whose other end is connected to the suction pipe,
One end was connected to the top of the suction pipe and one of the water supply holes of the main shaft, and an air supply pipe having an air supply valve in a part thereof and connected to a facility for supplying high-pressure air to the other end was connected. In the hydraulic machine, when the inlet valve is fully closed, the bypass valve is opened, the guide vanes are fully closed, and the runner is discharged from the runner chamber using high-pressure air from a stationary state in water. Opening the air supply valve of the main shaft and the air supply valve of the suction pipe to inject high-pressure air into the runner chamber, and on the condition that the water level drops to reach the lowest runner band position, Opening the valve disposed in the middle of the communication pipe connected to the pipe to start the drain pump, draining the water in the runner chamber to the suction pipe, and setting the water surface position in the runner chamber to a predetermined value Contacted on condition that the water level has dropped to A horizontal axis hydraulic system in which the supply of high-pressure air to the runner chamber is stopped on condition that the water in the suction pipe has dropped to a predetermined water level while closing the valve of the pipe and stopping the drain pump. How to operate the machine.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP11027255A JPH11324883A (en) | 1998-03-16 | 1999-02-04 | Horizontal shaft hydraulic machine and operating method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP6535198 | 1998-03-16 | ||
JP10-65351 | 1998-03-16 | ||
JP11027255A JPH11324883A (en) | 1998-03-16 | 1999-02-04 | Horizontal shaft hydraulic machine and operating method thereof |
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JPH11324883A true JPH11324883A (en) | 1999-11-26 |
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JP11027255A Pending JPH11324883A (en) | 1998-03-16 | 1999-02-04 | Horizontal shaft hydraulic machine and operating method thereof |
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102021101197B3 (en) | 2021-01-21 | 2022-03-10 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Francis type hydraulic machine |
CN116733663A (en) * | 2023-08-15 | 2023-09-12 | 南方电网调峰调频发电有限公司工程建设管理分公司 | Air supplementing system and air supplementing method for solving vibration of top cover of energy storage power station |
-
1999
- 1999-02-04 JP JP11027255A patent/JPH11324883A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102021101197B3 (en) | 2021-01-21 | 2022-03-10 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Francis type hydraulic machine |
CN116733663A (en) * | 2023-08-15 | 2023-09-12 | 南方电网调峰调频发电有限公司工程建设管理分公司 | Air supplementing system and air supplementing method for solving vibration of top cover of energy storage power station |
CN116733663B (en) * | 2023-08-15 | 2023-11-03 | 南方电网调峰调频发电有限公司工程建设管理分公司 | Air supplementing system and air supplementing method for solving vibration of top cover of energy storage power station |
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