JPH07987B2 - Ground consolidation method - Google Patents
Ground consolidation methodInfo
- Publication number
- JPH07987B2 JPH07987B2 JP4253289A JP4253289A JPH07987B2 JP H07987 B2 JPH07987 B2 JP H07987B2 JP 4253289 A JP4253289 A JP 4253289A JP 4253289 A JP4253289 A JP 4253289A JP H07987 B2 JPH07987 B2 JP H07987B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- pipe
- ground
- tube
- hole
- discharge
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Landscapes
- Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 この発明は、トンネルの穿設工事等において、軟弱な地
山を固結用薬液により堅固な地山に改善する地山固結工
法に関するものである。Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a ground consolidation method for improving soft ground to a solid ground by a congealing chemical in tunnel drilling work and the like. Is.
従来から、軟弱な、または破砕された地山等の地層帯で
行うトンネル穿設工事においては、穿設の第1段階で
は、パイプルーフ工法を用いて、地山を強化することが
行われている。このパイプルーフ工法は、第6図および
第7図に示すように、鎖線AおよびBで示す地山2の掘
削予定面(第6図において、鎖線Cはトンネルの穴部を
示しており、鎖線AとCで囲まれる部分はコンクリート
層に形成される)の外周に沿つて、長尺管1を地山2の
奥部に向かつて埋設し、トンネル形状に合つたルーフを
形成することにより、掘削による地山2のゆるみや地表
面の変形を防止するとともに、安全な掘削作業を可能に
するものである。すなわち、この工法は、まず、長尺管
1内に、同軸的にドリル駆動軸を入れてその先端にドリ
ル刃を取り付け、このドリル刃で地山2に孔を開けなが
らその孔内に長尺管1を押し込み、地山2に長尺管1を
埋設する(第3図参照)。ついで、長尺管1からドリル
刃およびドリル駆動軸を取り出し、今度は、セメントミ
ルク吐出管(図示せず)を長尺管1内に同軸的に入れ
る。そして、そのセメントミルク吐出管の先端からセメ
ントミルクを吐出し、長尺管1内を先端から所定の距離
だけ、セメントミルクで充満させ、ついで硬化させる。
つぎに、上記セメントミルク吐出管を引つ張つて少し後
退させ、上記セメントミルク硬化物が詰まつた部分より
少し手前の部分を同様にしてセメントミルク硬化物で埋
める。このようにして、順次セメントミルクを吐出硬化
させ、長尺管1の内部を硬化セメントで埋めて長尺管1
を一種のセメント製電柱状に形成し、それを複数本地山
2中に並べることにより、地山2を強化するという方法
である。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in tunnel drilling work carried out in a stratum zone such as a soft or crushed rock mass, at the first stage of drilling, a pipe roof method has been used to strengthen the rock mass. There is. This pipe roof construction method, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, is a planned excavation surface of the natural ground 2 indicated by chain lines A and B (in FIG. 6, a chain line C indicates a hole portion of a tunnel, and a chain line The portion surrounded by A and C is formed in the concrete layer) along the outer periphery of the long pipe 1 is buried toward the back of the natural ground 2 to form a roof that fits in a tunnel shape. This prevents loosening of the natural ground 2 and deformation of the ground surface due to excavation and enables safe excavation work. That is, in this method, first, a drill driving shaft is coaxially inserted into the long pipe 1 and a drill blade is attached to the tip thereof, and a long hole is formed in the hole while making a hole in the ground 2 with the drill blade. The long pipe 1 is embedded in the ground 2 by pushing in the pipe 1 (see FIG. 3). Then, the drill blade and the drill drive shaft are taken out from the long tube 1, and this time, a cement milk discharge pipe (not shown) is coaxially inserted into the long tube 1. Then, the cement milk is discharged from the tip of the cement milk discharge tube, the inside of the long tube 1 is filled with the cement milk for a predetermined distance from the tip, and then the cement milk is cured.
Next, the cement milk discharge pipe is pulled and retracted a little, and the portion slightly before the portion where the cement milk hardened material is clogged is similarly filled with the cement milk hardened material. In this way, the cement milk is sequentially discharged and hardened, and the inside of the long tube 1 is filled with the hardened cement so that the long tube 1
Is a type of cement-made electric pole, and a plurality of such pillars are arranged in the ground 2, whereby the ground 2 is strengthened.
しかしながら、上記工法では、セメントミルク吐出管を
手前に引きながら、セメントミルクを吐出硬化させなけ
ればならないため、作業が煩雑である。また、最近で
は、硬化が早く、高強度を有することからウレタン樹脂
等の薬液用いた工法も行われているが、上記工法にこの
ような薬液を用いると、硬化が早いため途中で吐出管が
抜けなくなるというような事態を招く。したがつて、上
記のような速硬性の薬液を用いることはできず、高強度
の補強は不可能である。また、長尺管1と長尺管1の間
の地山2の補強は不可能であり、これも地山2が砂質か
らなるときには大きな問題になつている。However, in the above construction method, the cement milk must be discharged and cured while pulling the cement milk discharge pipe toward the front, and therefore the work is complicated. In addition, recently, a method using a chemical such as a urethane resin has been carried out because of its fast curing and high strength. However, when such a chemical is used in the above method, the discharge pipe may be halfway because of the rapid curing. It causes such a situation that it cannot be pulled out. Therefore, it is not possible to use the above-mentioned quick-hardening chemical liquid, and high-strength reinforcement is impossible. Further, it is impossible to reinforce the ground 2 between the long pipe 1 and the long pipe 1, and this is also a big problem when the ground 2 is made of sand.
この発明は、このような事情に鑑みなされたもので、作
業が容易で、かつ速硬性の固結用薬液を使用することの
できる地山固結工法の提供をその目的とする。The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a natural consolidation method, which is easy to work with and can use a rapid hardening chemical for consolidation.
上記の目的を達成するため、この発明の地山固結工法
は、長手方向に所定間隔で設けた隔壁により内部が複数
の空間に区切られ、上記内部を長手方向に延びる複数の
吐出管の先端がそれぞれ上記複数の空間に開口している
周壁孔あき中管と、この周壁孔あき中管を収容する周壁
孔あき外管を準備し、地山に長孔を穿設しながらこの長
孔内に上記外管を挿嵌固定し、ついで、この外管内に、
上記中管を挿嵌固定し、その状態で上記中管の吐出管の
先端開口から固結用薬液を吐出して上記各空間内に充満
させたのち、さらに上記中管の周壁孔を経由して外管周
壁の孔から外管外周の地山内に浸透硬化させ、上記外
管,中管内および外管外周の地山に固結領域を形成する
という構成をとる。In order to achieve the above object, the ground consolidation method of the present invention is a tip of a plurality of discharge pipes which are partitioned into a plurality of spaces by partition walls provided at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction and which extend in the longitudinal direction. A peripheral wall perforated middle pipe which is open to each of the plurality of spaces, and a peripheral wall perforated outer pipe for accommodating the peripheral wall perforated middle pipe, respectively. Insert and fix the outer tube to, then, in this outer tube,
The middle pipe is inserted and fixed, and in that state, the consolidating chemical is discharged from the tip opening of the discharge pipe of the middle pipe to fill each of the spaces, and further through the peripheral wall hole of the middle pipe. The solidified region is formed in the ground of the outer pipe, the middle pipe, and the outer pipe outer periphery by permeating and hardening from the holes of the outer pipe peripheral wall into the ground of the outer pipe outer periphery.
すなわち、この発明の地山固結工法では、地山に長孔を
穿設すると同時に、その長孔内に周壁孔あき外管を挿嵌
固定し、この外管内に、内部が隔壁で複数の空間に区切
られ、かつ各空間内に先端開口を位置決めして複数の吐
出管が上記内部に配設された周壁孔あき中管を挿入する
ようになつている。したがつて、上記複数の吐出管の根
元側から吐出管内にそれぞれ固結用薬液を圧入すること
により、中管内の各空間内にその固結用薬液を略同時に
吐出できるようになり、従来例のように、吐出管を長尺
管から引き抜きながら作業を行う必要がなくなる。その
結果、補強作業等が容易になると同時に、速硬性の固結
用薬液を使用することができるようになり、施工時間の
大幅な短縮が可能になる。また、上記中管は内部が隔壁
で区切られ各空間に分かれているため、固結用薬液の圧
入により各空間内の圧力上昇が急激に生じ、それによつ
て固結用薬液は上記空間に充満したのち、中管および外
管の周壁に設けられた周壁孔から外部に吐出され、地山
に浸透してそこで硬化する。したがつて、中管内および
外管内だけでなく、外管の周囲の地山にも固結領域が形
成され長尺管と長尺管の間の地山の部分の補強がなされ
るようになり、従来のセメントを用いたパイプルーフ工
法よりも、より強固な地山の固結が行われるようにな
る。また、地山に長孔を穿設しながら、その孔に外管を
挿嵌し、そこへ中管を挿嵌するため、補強現場ではな
く、予め工場で中管内に隔壁や吐出管を配設しておき、
これを補強現場で外管に挿嵌可能になる。したがつて、
速硬性薬液の使用と相まつて施工時間の大幅な短縮を実
現できるようになる。That is, in the ground consolidation method of the present invention, at the same time as forming a long hole in the ground, an outer tube with a peripheral wall hole is inserted and fixed in the long hole, and inside the outer tube, a plurality of partition walls are provided inside. A plurality of discharge pipes are divided into spaces and a tip opening is positioned in each space so that the middle pipe with a peripheral wall bored therein is inserted. Therefore, by press-fitting the consolidation chemicals into the discharge pipes from the root side of the plurality of discharge pipes, respectively, it becomes possible to simultaneously discharge the consolidation chemicals into the spaces in the middle pipe. As described above, it is not necessary to work while pulling out the discharge pipe from the long pipe. As a result, reinforcement work and the like become easy, and at the same time, it becomes possible to use a quick-hardening congealing chemical, and the construction time can be greatly shortened. In addition, since the inside of the middle pipe is divided into each space by partition walls, the pressure in each space is rapidly increased by the press-in of the consolidating drug solution, whereby the consolidating drug solution fills the space. After that, it is discharged to the outside from the peripheral wall holes provided in the peripheral walls of the middle pipe and the outer pipe, penetrates into the natural ground, and hardens there. Therefore, not only in the middle pipe and outer pipe, but also in the ground around the outer pipe, a consolidation region is formed to reinforce the portion of the ground between the long pipe and the long pipe. As compared with the conventional pipe roof construction method using cement, stronger solidification of the ground is performed. Also, while forming a long hole in the ground, insert the outer pipe into the hole, and insert the middle pipe into it.Therefore, place the bulkhead and discharge pipe inside the middle pipe at the factory beforehand, not at the reinforcement site. Set up,
This can be inserted into the outer tube at the site of reinforcement. Therefore,
In addition to the use of fast-curing chemicals, the construction time can be significantly shortened.
つぎに、この発明を実施例にもとづいて詳しく説明す
る。Next, the present invention will be described in detail based on examples.
第1図はこの発明の一実施例に使用する外管5を示して
おり、第2図はその内部に収容する中管6等を示してい
る。上記外管5は、外径が115mm,内径が100mmで、全長
が略30m(図は一部だけを示している)に設定されてお
り、長手方向に沿つて5m間隔で、それぞれ円周に沿つて
一定間隔で4個の注出孔7が穿設されている。上記中管
6は、外径が100mm,内径が90mmで、全長が略30mに設定
されており、周面に、上記外管5の注出孔7と同間隔
で、複数の孔8が穿設されている。9は中管6の内部に
配設された厚み300mmの円板状の隔壁板であり、中管6
のの長手方向に沿つて隣合つた2個の孔8間の略中央部
に位置するようにして、5m間隔で6個(3個しか図示し
ていない)設けられている。10は隔壁板9を貫通した状
態で、中管6内に配設された6本(3本しか図示してい
ない)のパイプ材からなる吐出管であり、それぞれ長さ
が5mづつ異なつている(最長のものの長さが28m,最短の
ものの長さが3m)。この吐出管10は、それぞれ外径が12
mm,内径が10mmに設定されており、先端が吐出孔に形成
されその先端が孔8に対応する位置に位置決めされてい
る。上記隔壁板9には、それぞれ吐出管10を挿通できる
挿通孔11が、対応する吐出管10の数だけ設けられ(先端
の隔壁板9には1個、後端の隔壁板9には6個設けられ
ている)ており、その挿通孔11を挿通した状態で、吐出
管10が固定されている。なお、上記隔壁板9および吐出
管10は、通常、予め第2図のように組み合わされ、その
状態で、上記中管6内に挿嵌される。この場合、隔壁板
9の挿入の容易化を目的とし、中管6の内周面もしくは
隔壁板9の外周面に対する潤滑剤等の塗布が行われる。FIG. 1 shows an outer pipe 5 used in one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows a middle pipe 6 and the like housed therein. The outer pipe 5 has an outer diameter of 115 mm, an inner diameter of 100 mm, and a total length of about 30 m (only a part is shown in the figure), and the length is set at 5 m intervals along the circumference. Four pouring holes 7 are formed along the surface at regular intervals. The inner tube 6 has an outer diameter of 100 mm, an inner diameter of 90 mm, and an overall length of about 30 m. A plurality of holes 8 are formed on the peripheral surface at the same intervals as the pouring holes 7 of the outer tube 5. It is set up. Reference numeral 9 denotes a disk-shaped partition plate having a thickness of 300 mm, which is disposed inside the inner pipe 6.
Six (only three are shown) are provided at intervals of 5 m so as to be located at a substantially central portion between two holes 8 adjacent to each other along the longitudinal direction. Reference numeral 10 denotes a discharge pipe made of six pipe materials (only three pipes are shown) arranged in the middle pipe 6 in a state of penetrating the partition plate 9, each having a length different by 5 m. (The longest one is 28m long and the shortest one is 3m long). Each of the discharge pipes 10 has an outer diameter of 12
mm, the inner diameter is set to 10 mm, the tip is formed in the discharge hole, and the tip is positioned at a position corresponding to the hole 8. The partition plate 9 is provided with insertion holes 11 through which the discharge pipes 10 can be inserted, the number of which corresponds to the number of the corresponding discharge pipes 10 (one for the partition plate 9 at the front end and six for the partition plate 9 at the rear end). The discharge pipe 10 is fixed in a state in which the insertion hole 11 is inserted. The partition plate 9 and the discharge pipe 10 are usually combined in advance as shown in FIG. 2, and in that state, they are inserted into the middle pipe 6. In this case, for the purpose of facilitating the insertion of the partition plate 9, a lubricant or the like is applied to the inner peripheral surface of the middle pipe 6 or the outer peripheral surface of the partition plate 9.
上記外管5および中管6等を用いての地山の固結は、つ
ぎのようにして行われる。すなわち、まず、第3図に示
すように、外管5の中に、同軸的にドリル駆動軸12を入
れ、その先端にドリル刃13を取り付けるとともに、後端
に駆動装置(図示せず)を取り付ける。ついで、上記駆
動装置を作動させることにより、上記ドリル刃13を回転
させて地山2に長孔14を開けながらその長孔14内に、孔
が開いた分だけ外管5が押し込み、これを続けて地山2
内に外管5を挿嵌固定する。つぎに、外管5からドリル
刃13およびドリル駆動軸13を取り出し、今度は、第4図
に示すように、外管5内に、内部に隔壁板9と吐出管10
が配設された中管6を挿嵌する。この挿嵌に際して、場
合によつては外管5の内周面もしくは中管6の外周面に
対する潤滑油の塗布等が行われる。つぎに、それぞれの
吐出管10の後端部に、ウレタン樹脂圧入ポンプのホース
(図示せず)を連結し、上記ポンプから各吐出管10内
に、ウレタン樹脂からなる速硬性の固結薬液を圧入し、
これを各吐出管10の先端の吐出孔から吐出させる。その
結果、上記固結薬液は、中管6内の隔壁板9および外管
5の周面で囲われる各空間部に、略同時に充満し、その
のち、充満時の圧力および薬液の化学反応による圧力に
よつて中管6の先端開口および各孔8から長孔14の先端
側および外管5内に吐出される。そして、さらに、上記
圧力により、外管5の注出孔7から吐出して地山2内に
浸透してそこで硬化する。その結果、第5図に示すよう
に、外管5および中管6の内部にウレタン樹脂の硬化部
15が形成されるとともに、地山2における外管5の周囲
の部分が固結領域16に形成される。このようにしてウレ
タン樹脂の固結領域16を、地山2にアーチ状に連続形成
することにより、外管5および中管6等を地山2内に残
置したままで地山2の補強がなされる。The solidification of the ground using the outer pipe 5, the middle pipe 6 and the like is performed as follows. That is, first, as shown in FIG. 3, a drill drive shaft 12 is coaxially inserted into the outer tube 5, a drill blade 13 is attached to the tip thereof, and a drive device (not shown) is attached to the rear end thereof. Install. Then, by operating the driving device, the drill blade 13 is rotated to open the long hole 14 in the natural ground 2 and the outer tube 5 is pushed into the long hole 14 by the amount of the opening, and Continuously 2
The outer tube 5 is inserted and fixed in the inside. Next, the drill blade 13 and the drill drive shaft 13 are taken out from the outer pipe 5, and this time, as shown in FIG. 4, inside the outer pipe 5, the partition plate 9 and the discharge pipe 10 are provided inside.
The middle tube 6 in which is arranged is inserted. At the time of this insertion, lubricating oil is applied to the inner peripheral surface of the outer tube 5 or the outer peripheral surface of the middle tube 6 depending on the case. Next, a hose (not shown) of a urethane resin press-fitting pump is connected to the rear end of each discharge pipe 10, and a quick-hardening solidified liquid consisting of urethane resin is injected into each discharge pipe 10 from the pump. Press fit,
This is discharged from the discharge hole at the tip of each discharge pipe 10. As a result, the solidified chemical liquid fills each space surrounded by the partition plate 9 in the middle pipe 6 and the peripheral surface of the outer pipe 5 substantially at the same time, and thereafter, due to the pressure at the time of filling and the chemical reaction of the chemical liquid. By pressure, the gas is discharged from the tip opening of the middle tube 6 and each hole 8 into the tip side of the elongated hole 14 and the outer tube 5. Then, further, by the above-mentioned pressure, it is discharged from the pouring hole 7 of the outer tube 5 and permeates into the natural ground 2 and hardens there. As a result, as shown in FIG. 5, a cured portion of urethane resin is formed inside the outer pipe 5 and the middle pipe 6.
15 is formed, and the surrounding portion of the outer pipe 5 in the natural ground 2 is formed in the consolidation region 16. In this way, the solidified region 16 of urethane resin is continuously formed in the ground 2 in an arch shape, so that the ground 2 can be reinforced while leaving the outer pipe 5, the middle pipe 6 and the like in the ground 2. Done.
なお、上記実施例では、固結用薬液として、ウレタン樹
脂からなる速硬性のものを使用しているが、これに限定
するものではなく従来例のようなセメントミルクおよび
水ガラス等を使用することもできる。また、各空間部に
送り込まれる固結用薬液の到達時間を考慮して、それぞ
れの空間部に硬化時間の異なる固結用薬液を圧入するこ
ともできる。これにより、各空間部毎に、その位置およ
び地質に合つた固結用薬液を送り込むことができるよう
になり、より良好な地山の強化が行えるようになる。Incidentally, in the above-mentioned examples, as the cementing liquid, a quick-hardening one made of a urethane resin is used, but it is not limited to this and it is possible to use cement milk and water glass as in the conventional example. You can also Further, in consideration of the arrival time of the solidifying chemical liquid fed into each space, the solidifying chemical liquids having different curing times can be press-fitted into each space. As a result, it becomes possible to feed the congealing chemical solution suitable for the position and geology into each space, and it is possible to further strengthen the ground.
この発明は以上のようにして地山の補強を行うため、補
強作業が極めて容易にできるとともに、速硬性の固結用
薬液を使用することができ作業時間の短縮化も実現でき
る。また、中管内を狭く区分し、その各空間に固結用薬
液を吐出させるため、吐出された薬液はその圧力で、中
管の孔から吐出したのち、さらに外管の注出孔から吐出
し、地山に浸透してそこで硬化する。そのため、外管,
中管内だけでなく、外管の周囲の地山も固結され、より
強固な地山の補強をなしうる。また、中管に対する隔壁
および吐出管の取り付けを、施工現場ではなく、工場で
予め行つておき、これを施工現場で、地山に埋め込まれ
た外管に挿入するだけで中管の挿嵌がなされるため施工
時間の大幅な短縮化が実現可能となる。さらに、地山に
穿設された長孔内には外管が挿嵌され穴崩れしないた
め、予め地山の掘削予定面に複数の長孔を穿設して外管
を挿嵌しておき、後日、その外管内に上記中管を挿嵌す
ることも可能となり、施工の自由度が大きくなるという
付随的効果も得られるようになる。According to the present invention, since the ground is reinforced as described above, the reinforcing work can be extremely facilitated, and the quick-hardening caking chemical can be used, and the working time can be shortened. In addition, since the inside of the middle pipe is divided into narrow spaces and the congealing chemical is discharged into each space, the discharged medicinal liquid is discharged from the hole of the middle pipe at that pressure and then from the pouring hole of the outer pipe. , Penetrates into the ground and hardens there. Therefore, the outer tube,
Not only inside the middle pipe, but also around the outer pipe is solidified, which can strengthen the ground more strongly. Also, the bulkhead and discharge pipe are attached to the middle pipe in advance at the factory, not at the construction site, and at the construction site, the middle pipe can be inserted by simply inserting it into the outer pipe embedded in the ground. Since this is done, it is possible to significantly reduce the construction time. In addition, the outer pipe is inserted into the long hole drilled in the natural ground so that the hole does not collapse, so a plurality of long holes must be drilled in advance on the planned excavation surface of the natural rock to insert the outer pipe. At a later date, it becomes possible to insert the middle pipe into the outer pipe, and the additional effect of increasing the degree of freedom in construction can be obtained.
第1図はこの発明に用いる外管の部分正面図、第2図は
その内部に配設される中管,隔壁板および吐出管の組み
合わせ体の部分縦断面図、第3図,第4図および第5図
は施工状態を示す縦断面図、第6図および第7図は従来
例の説明図である。 2…地山、5…外管、6…中管、7…注出孔、8…孔、
9…隔壁板、10…吐出管、14…長孔、15…硬化部、16…
固結領域FIG. 1 is a partial front view of an outer pipe used in the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a partial vertical cross-sectional view of a combination of an inner pipe, a partition plate and a discharge pipe arranged therein, FIGS. And FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a construction state, and FIGS. 6 and 7 are explanatory views of a conventional example. 2 ... Plain, 5 ... Outer pipe, 6 ... Middle pipe, 7 ... Pouring hole, 8 ... Hole,
9 ... Partition plate, 10 ... Discharge pipe, 14 ... Long hole, 15 ... Hardened part, 16 ...
Consolidation area
Claims (1)
部が複数の空間に区切られ、上記内部を長手方向に延び
る複数の吐出管の先端がそれぞれ上記複数の空間に開口
している周壁孔あき中管と、この周壁孔あき中管を収容
する周壁孔あき外管を準備し、地山に長孔を穿設しなが
らこの長孔内に上記外管を挿嵌固定し、ついで、この外
管内に、上記中管を挿嵌固定し、その状態で上記中管の
吐出管の先端開口から固結用薬液を吐出して上記各空間
内に充満させたのち、さらに上記中管の周壁孔を経由し
て外管周壁の孔から外管外周の地山内に浸透硬化させ、
上記外管,中管内および外管外周の地山に固結領域を形
成することを特徴とする地山固結工法。1. A peripheral wall hole in which the inside is divided into a plurality of spaces by partition walls provided at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction, and the ends of a plurality of discharge pipes extending in the longitudinal direction through the inside are respectively opened in the plurality of spaces. Prepare a perforated middle pipe and a perimeter wall perforated outer pipe for accommodating the perforated middle pipe, and while inserting a long hole into the natural ground, insert and fix the outer pipe into the long hole, and then The middle tube is inserted and fixed in the outer tube, and in that state, the consolidating chemical is discharged from the tip opening of the discharge tube of the middle tube to fill each space, and then the peripheral wall of the middle tube. Permeate and harden through the holes in the outer wall of the outer tube into the ground around the outer tube,
A method for consolidating natural rocks, characterized by forming a consolidating region in the natural rocks in the outer pipe, inside the middle pipe, and around the outer pipe.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP4253289A JPH07987B2 (en) | 1989-02-22 | 1989-02-22 | Ground consolidation method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP4253289A JPH07987B2 (en) | 1989-02-22 | 1989-02-22 | Ground consolidation method |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH02221591A JPH02221591A (en) | 1990-09-04 |
JPH07987B2 true JPH07987B2 (en) | 1995-01-11 |
Family
ID=12638689
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP4253289A Expired - Lifetime JPH07987B2 (en) | 1989-02-22 | 1989-02-22 | Ground consolidation method |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPH07987B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP3777778B2 (en) * | 1998-02-05 | 2006-05-24 | 富士ゼロックス株式会社 | Developer and development method |
JP2010230873A (en) | 2009-03-26 | 2010-10-14 | Fuji Xerox Co Ltd | Carrier for replenishment, developer for replenishment, developer cartridge for replenishment, and image forming apparatus |
-
1989
- 1989-02-22 JP JP4253289A patent/JPH07987B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH02221591A (en) | 1990-09-04 |
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