JPH0779538B2 - Central winding basket type induction motor - Google Patents
Central winding basket type induction motorInfo
- Publication number
- JPH0779538B2 JPH0779538B2 JP28699087A JP28699087A JPH0779538B2 JP H0779538 B2 JPH0779538 B2 JP H0779538B2 JP 28699087 A JP28699087 A JP 28699087A JP 28699087 A JP28699087 A JP 28699087A JP H0779538 B2 JPH0779538 B2 JP H0779538B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- phase
- rotor
- stator
- winding
- grooves
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Landscapes
- Induction Machinery (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 〔産業上の利用分野〕 本発明は、集中巻された１次巻線をもつ多相の籠形誘導
電動機に関する。TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a multi-phase cage induction motor having concentrated primary windings.
従来、小形籠形誘導電動機は、２次巻線がスロット内に
納められた多数の棒状の導体と、鉄心の両側でこれら導
体棒を短絡する短絡環からなる回転子が、その外周面に
固定子鉄心に巻回された１次巻線へ加える交流電流によ
り、回転子中心を貫通し軸受に支承された回転軸により
自在に回転することは自明である。Conventionally, a small cage induction motor has a rotor, which is composed of a large number of rod-shaped conductors in which secondary windings are housed in slots and a short-circuit ring that short-circuits the conductor rods on both sides of an iron core, is fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the rotor. It is self-evident that an alternating current applied to the primary winding wound around the child iron core causes the rotor shaft to freely rotate by the rotating shaft penetrating the rotor center and supported by the bearing.
ところで、小形籠形誘導電動機は、その容量が10ワット
以下になると効率や力率が悪くなり、直流電動機やブラ
シレスDCモータに比べて、マシンサイズが大きくなり余
り将来性も期待できない。ただ、商用電源で直接運転で
きるという利点は大きく、もしも効率や力率のよい小形
籠形誘導電動機が実現できれば、ホーム・オートメーシ
ョンに多量に適用できる。By the way, the efficiency and power factor of the small cage induction motor deteriorates when the capacity becomes 10 watts or less, and the machine size becomes larger than that of the DC motor and the brushless DC motor, and the future cannot be expected so much. However, the advantage of being able to operate directly from a commercial power source is great, and if a small cage induction motor with high efficiency and power factor can be realized, it can be applied to home automation in large quantities.
しかしながら、扇風機やポンプなどに使われる小形籠形
誘導電動機は、コンデンサ分相や隈取りコイル形の誘導
電動機であり、みな２極の電動機で力率，効率が悪いた
め、寸法・重量が大きいという欠点がある。However, the small basket-type induction motors used for fans and pumps are capacitor-phase splitting and shunt-coil type induction motors, all of which are 2-pole motors and have poor power factor and efficiency. Therefore, they are large in size and weight. There is.
また、４極,6極等の多極の電動機は、固定子の溝数を多
くしないと良い設計にならないので、溝の寸法が小さく
なり、巻線のスペースがとれないため、抵抗損が多くな
る不具合がある。In addition, a multi-pole motor such as 4-pole or 6-pole cannot be designed well unless the number of slots in the stator is increased, so the dimensions of the slots are small and the winding space cannot be saved, resulting in a large resistance loss. There is a problem that becomes.
さらに、励磁電流も極数が多いとふえるので、力率が下
るという不都合な点がある。Further, since the exciting current also has a large number of poles, there is a disadvantage that the power factor decreases.
しかして、溝数を少なくして集中巻にすれば、巻線のス
ペースはとれるが多極化は困難になり、起磁力波形も高
調波成分が多くなって、トルク特性が悪く、使いものに
ならなかった。However, if the number of grooves is reduced and concentrated winding is used, the winding space will be secured, but it will be difficult to make multiple poles. Also, the magnetomotive force waveform will have many harmonic components, and the torque characteristics will be poor, making it unusable. .
ここにおいて本発明は、従来例のこれらの難点を克服
し、回転子の構成を特殊なものにして操作用電動機への
隘路を打開した、新規な集中巻籠形誘導電動機を提供す
ることを、その目的とする。Here, the present invention overcomes these disadvantages of the conventional example, and provides a novel concentrated winding cage type induction motor, in which the structure of the rotor is made special to break the bottleneck to the operation motor. To that end.
本発明は、 固定子は、積層した鉄心からなりその内側に４または３
の等間隔に開設した溝を有し、この溝には溝により形成
された突極に巻回し２相または３相の集中巻した巻線を
装填するとともに、回転子は、一定の空隙をへだてて固
定子の内周面に挿入された円筒状の積層鉄心からなり、
その円筒中心を貫通固着し固定子に支持された軸受に回
転自在に支承される棒状の回転軸をそなえ、回転子外周
に沿って回転軸方向に等間隔に12個または８個の溝を開
削し、これらの溝に導体棒を嵌挿配設しそれぞれ２相６
極または２相４極の直列短絡巻線を形成した集中巻籠形
誘導電動機である。According to the present invention, the stator is made of laminated iron cores and has 4 or 3 inside.
The grooves are provided at equal intervals, and the windings are wound around salient poles formed by the grooves and loaded with concentrated windings of two-phase or three-phase, and the rotor develops a constant air gap. It consists of a cylindrical laminated iron core inserted into the inner peripheral surface of the stator,
It has a rod-shaped rotating shaft that is rotatably supported by a bearing supported by the stator and fixed through the center of the cylinder, and excavates 12 or 8 grooves along the outer circumference of the rotor at equal intervals in the rotating shaft direction. Then, the conductor rods are inserted and arranged in these grooves, and the two-phase 6
It is a concentrated winding basket type induction motor in which poles or 2-phase 4-pole series short-circuit windings are formed.
特殊構造の回転子巻線は独立した２相短絡巻線を多極に
直列に接続したもので、従来の籠形巻線と異なり、コイ
ルエンドの部分が相ごとに独立しているから、この回転
子巻線の作用により、固定子に加わる反作用が強まり、
集中巻きの電機子コイルでも、誘導電動機として良い特
性が得られる。The special structure of the rotor winding consists of independent 2-phase short-circuited windings connected in series with multiple poles. Unlike conventional cage windings, the coil end is independent for each phase. Due to the action of the rotor winding, the reaction acting on the stator is strengthened,
Even with concentrated winding armature coils, good characteristics can be obtained as an induction motor.
本発明の一実施例における要部の構成を表わす正断面図
を第１図に示す。FIG. 1 is a front sectional view showing the structure of the main part of one embodiment of the present invention.
この一実施例は、２相６極の誘導電動機を形成する。This one embodiment forms a two-phase, six-pole induction motor.
固定子100は積層した鉄心で、内側には４つの等間隔に
開設した溝112を有し、それにつれて内周面が回転子200
の外周面と僅かの空隙を介して対向する突極111が作ら
れ、この溝112には突極111に巻回した２相の１次巻線が
装填される。The stator 100 is a laminated iron core, and has four grooves 112 formed at equal intervals inside, and the inner peripheral surface of the stator 100 has a rotor 200.
A salient pole 111 is formed to face the outer peripheral surface of the salient pole 111 with a slight gap, and a two-phase primary winding wound around the salient pole 111 is loaded in the groove 112.
回転子200は一定の空隙をへだてて固定子100の内周面に
挿入され円筒状に積層された回転子鉄心210で、この外
周面に回転軸方向にそって、等間隔に12個の溝を開削
し、この溝に導体棒211を嵌挿配設し、６極の直列短絡
巻線を構成している。The rotor 200 is a rotor iron core 210 that is inserted into the inner peripheral surface of the stator 100 with a certain gap and is laminated in a cylindrical shape.Twelve grooves are equally spaced along the outer peripheral surface along the rotation axis direction. Is excavated, and a conductor rod 211 is fitted and disposed in this groove to form a 6-pole series short-circuit winding.
ところで、回転子200の導体（２次巻線）は１→３→５
→７→９→11→１の奇数をつないだα相２次巻線と、２
→４→６→８→10→12→２の偶数をつないだβ相２次巻
線をつくり２相６極の短絡巻線を形成する。By the way, the conductor (secondary winding) of the rotor 200 is 1 → 3 → 5
→ 7 → 9 → 11 → 1 α-phase secondary winding with odd number of 1 and 2
→ 4 → 6 → 8 → 10 → 12 → 2 Even-numbered β-phase secondary windings are made to form 2-phase 6-pole short-circuited windings.
回転子巻線のコイルエンド部は、前面を実線，後面を破
線で示し、コイルエンドのクロスする部分は相互に絶縁
が施してある。The front end of the coil end portion of the rotor winding is indicated by a solid line and the rear end thereof is indicated by a broken line, and the intersecting portions of the coil end are insulated from each other.
第１図では、１次巻線ａ相（突極Ａ＋）とα相２次巻
線が同相の位置にあり、１次巻線ｂ相（突極Ｂ＋）と
β相２次巻線が同相の位置にある。In FIG. 1, the primary winding a phase (salient pole A +) and the α phase secondary winding are in the same phase position, and the primary winding b phase (salient pole B +) and the β phase secondary winding are in the same phase. In the position.
つまり、固定子100のａ相１次巻線に同相の回転子200の
α相２次巻線は、固定子100のｂ相１次巻線に直交し、
同様にｂ相１次巻線に同相のβ相２次巻線はａ相１次巻
線に直交する関係にある。That is, the α-phase secondary winding of the rotor 200, which is in phase with the a-phase primary winding of the stator 100, is orthogonal to the b-phase primary winding of the stator 100,
Similarly, the β-phase secondary winding in phase with the b-phase primary winding is orthogonal to the a-phase primary winding.
このように回転子巻線（６極,2相）よりみて、固定子巻
線ａ相とｂ相は互いに電気角で90°ずれた相差をもつ２
相巻線を構成している。従って、２相６極の誘導電動機
になっている。なお、回転子200の中心には回転子回転
方向に直交する回転軸300が嵌合固着され、回転軸300は
固定子100の両側端を囲撓するブラケットに支持された
軸受により回転自在に支承（図示せず）されている。As seen from the rotor windings (6 poles, 2 phases), the stator windings a phase and b phase have a phase difference of 90 ° in electrical angle from each other.
It constitutes a phase winding. Therefore, it is a 2-phase 6-pole induction motor. A rotary shaft 300 orthogonal to the rotor rotation direction is fitted and fixed to the center of the rotor 200, and the rotary shaft 300 is rotatably supported by bearings supported by brackets that surround both ends of the stator 100. (Not shown).
第２図は、本発明の他の実施例の一部の構成を表わす正
断面図である。FIG. 2 is a front sectional view showing a part of the configuration of another embodiment of the present invention.
すべての図面において、同一符号は同一もしくは相当部
材を示す。In all the drawings, the same reference numerals indicate the same or corresponding members.
この他の実施例は、３相４極誘導電動機を構成し、固定
子100の内側には３つの等間隔に開設した溝112を有し、
これにつれて形成されるＵ相,V相およびＷ相突極111に
それぞれのＵ相１次巻線,V相１次巻線およびＷ相１次巻
線が巻回され溝112に装填されている。This other embodiment constitutes a three-phase four-pole induction motor, and has three equally spaced grooves 112 inside the stator 100,
The U-phase primary winding, the V-phase primary winding, and the W-phase primary winding are wound around the U-phase, V-phase, and W-phase salient poles 111 formed in accordance with this, and are loaded in the grooves 112. .
回転子200はその外周面に回転軸方向にそって、等間隔
に８個の溝を開削し、この溝に導体棒211を嵌挿配設
し、４極の直列巻線を構成している。The rotor 200 has eight grooves formed in the outer peripheral surface thereof at equal intervals along the rotation axis direction, and the conductor rods 211 are inserted into the grooves to form a four-pole series winding. .
すなわち、回転子200の導体（２次巻線）は１→３→５
→７→１の奇数をつないだα相２次巻線と、２→４→６
→８→２の偶数をつないだβ相２次巻線を形成する。That is, the conductor (secondary winding) of the rotor 200 is 1 → 3 → 5
→ 7 → 1 α-phase secondary winding connecting odd numbers 2 → 4 → 6
→ β → Secondary winding is formed by connecting even numbers of 2.
このようにして商用電源から励動できる３相誘導電動機
がえられる。In this way, a three-phase induction motor that can be excited from a commercial power source is obtained.
ここで、第３図の説明図を用いて数理的に回転作用の解
析を試みる。Here, the rotational action is mathematically attempted to be analyzed using the explanatory view of FIG.
いま、 １次電流の振幅をｉ １次電流の角周波数ω＝２πftで、ｆは周波数、ｔは時
間 ａ相電流ia＝i cosωｔ ｂ相電流ib＝i sinωｔ １次電流のつくる２次鎖交磁束のうちのα相２次巻線と
はψα １次電流のつくる２次鎖交磁束のうちβ相２次巻線とは
ψβ 固定子１次巻線と回転子２次巻線との対向位置のずれの
電気角θ θ＝０のcosθ＝１のときの固定子と回転子の相互イン
ダクタンスをＭ β相２次巻線とａ相１次巻線の相互インダクタンスＭ
βα α相２次巻線とａ相１次巻線の相互インダクタンスＭ
αａ α相２次巻線とｂ相１次巻線の相互インダクタンスＭ
αｂ β相２次巻線とｂ相１次巻線の相互インダクタンスＭ
βｂ と定義すれば、 α相２次巻線をみるとｂ相１次巻線と同相であるが、ａ
相１次巻線には直交しており、 β相２次巻線をみるとａ相１次巻線と同相であるが、ｂ
相１次巻線には直交しているから、 Ｍβａ＝M cosθならＭαａ＝M sinθ Ｍαｂ＝−M cosθならＭβｂ＝M sinθ であり、ａ相１次巻線とｂ相１次巻線には90°相差の電
流を流すので、 ψα＝Ｍαａia＋Ｍαｂib ＝Ｍ（sinθ・ia＋cosθ・ib） ＝Mi（sinθ・cosωｔ−cosθ・sinωｔ） ＝Mi sin（ωｔ−θ） ψβ＝Ｍβａia＋Ｍβｂib ＝Ｍ（cosθ・ia＋sinθ・ib） ＝Mi（cosθ・cosωｔ＋sinθ・sinωｔ） ＝Mi cos（ωｔ−θ） このようにψａとψｂの合成した空間ベクトルは回転磁
界を形成している。Now, the amplitude of the primary current is i The angular frequency ω = 2πft of the primary current, f is the frequency, t is the time a phase current i a = i cosωt b phase current i b = i sinωt The secondary current created by the primary current The α-phase secondary winding of the interlinkage magnetic flux is the β-phase secondary winding of the secondary interlinkage magnetic flux produced by ψ α primary current ψ β The stator primary winding and the rotor secondary winding The mutual inductance of the stator and the rotor when the electrical angle θ of the opposing position to the line is θ θ = 0 and cos θ = 1 is M. The mutual inductance of the β-phase secondary winding and the a-phase primary winding M
Mutual inductance M of βα α-phase secondary winding and a-phase primary winding
mutual inductance M of .alpha.a alpha phase secondary winding and the b-phase primary winding
Mutual inductance M between αb β-phase secondary winding and b-phase primary winding
If defined as βb , the α-phase secondary winding has the same phase as the b-phase primary winding, but a
It is orthogonal to the phase primary winding. Looking at the β phase secondary winding, it is in phase with the a phase primary winding, but b
Because orthogonal to the phase the primary winding, M .beta.a = a M cos [theta] if M αa = M sinθ M αb = -M cosθ If M βb = M sinθ, a phase the primary winding and b-phase primary since the winding current flow of 90 ° phase difference, ψ α = M αa i a + M αb i b = M (sinθ · i a + cosθ · i b) = Mi (sinθ · cosωt-cosθ · sinωt) = Mi sin (ωt-θ) ψ β = M βa i a + M βb i b = M (cosθ · i a + sinθ · i b) = Mi (cosθ · cosωt + sinθ · sinωt) = Mi cos (ωt-θ) Thus [psi a And the combined space vector of ψ b forms a rotating magnetic field.
したかって、ａ相,b相の１次巻線の電流の90°位相差に
したがって、回転子200は固定子100により駆動される。Therefore, the rotor 200 is driven by the stator 100 according to the 90 ° phase difference between the currents of the a-phase and b-phase primary windings.
そして、これらの実施例の別の実施例として、第１図，
第２図における溝数を偶数倍した構成も考えられること
は明らかである。And, as another embodiment of these embodiments, as shown in FIG.
It is obvious that a configuration in which the number of grooves in FIG. 2 is multiplied by an even number is also conceivable.
かくして本発明によれば、 溝の数が少なく集中巻きなので自動巻線が容易であ
り、 巻線のスペースが大きいのでアンペアターンが十分
にとれ、このため効率が良く、 回転子巻線の構造は比較的単純であるから、アルミ
ダイキャストが可能であり、 ３溝４極を６溝８極にすることは容易であり、 同様に４溝６極は８溝12極となり、 多極の小容量の誘導電動機が、簡素な構造で、運転効率
を著しく向上させて実現するという、格段の効果を奏す
ることができる。Thus, according to the present invention, since the number of grooves is small and the windings are concentrated, automatic winding is easy, and ample turns can be taken because the space of the winding is large. Therefore, the efficiency is good, and the structure of the rotor winding is Since it is relatively simple, aluminum die-casting is possible, and it is easy to change from 3 groove 4 poles to 6 groove 8 poles. The induction motor of 1 has a simple structure, and it is possible to achieve a remarkable effect that the operation efficiency is significantly improved and realized.
第１図は本発明の一実施例の要部の正断面図、第２図は
本発明の他の実施例の一部の正断面図、第３図は駆動解
析説明図である。 100…固定子、110…固定子鉄心、111…突極、112…溝、
200…回転子、210…回転子鉄心、211…導体棒。FIG. 1 is a front sectional view of an essential part of an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front sectional view of a part of another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a drive analysis explanatory diagram. 100 ... Stator, 110 ... Stator core, 111 ... Salient pole, 112 ... Groove,
200 ... Rotor, 210 ... Rotor core, 211 ... Conductor bar.
Claims (1)
に４または３の等間隔に開設した溝を有し、この溝には
溝により形成された突極に巻回し２相または３相の集中
巻した巻線を装填するとともに、 回転子は、一定の空隙をへだてて固定子の内周面に挿入
された円筒状の積層鉄心からなり、その円筒中心を貫通
固着し固定子に支持された軸受に回転自在に支承される
棒状の回転軸をそなえ、回転子外周に沿って回転軸方向
に等間隔に12個または８個の溝を開削し、これらの溝に
導体棒を嵌挿配設しそれぞれ２相６極または２相４極の
直列短絡巻線を形成した ことを特徴とする集中巻籠形誘導電動機。1. A stator is composed of laminated iron cores, and has grooves formed at equal intervals of 4 or 3 inside thereof. Two-phase or three-phase windings are wound around salient poles formed by the grooves. The rotor is composed of a cylindrical laminated iron core that is inserted into the inner peripheral surface of the stator with a certain gap, and is supported by the stator by fixing it through the center of the cylinder. It has a rod-shaped rotating shaft that is rotatably supported by the bearings, and 12 or 8 grooves are cut along the outer circumference of the rotor at equal intervals in the rotating shaft direction, and conductor rods are inserted into these grooves. A concentrated winding cage induction motor characterized in that it is provided with two-phase six-pole or two-phase four-pole series short-circuit windings.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP28699087A JPH0779538B2 (en) | 1987-11-13 | 1987-11-13 | Central winding basket type induction motor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP28699087A JPH0779538B2 (en) | 1987-11-13 | 1987-11-13 | Central winding basket type induction motor |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH01129739A JPH01129739A (en) | 1989-05-23 |
| JPH0779538B2 true JPH0779538B2 (en) | 1995-08-23 |
Family
ID=17711589
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP28699087A Expired - Fee Related JPH0779538B2 (en) | 1987-11-13 | 1987-11-13 | Central winding basket type induction motor |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH0779538B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1839526A (en) * | 2003-09-11 | 2006-09-27 | 西门子公司 | Electric machine with an induction rotor |
| CN101510702B (en) * | 2009-03-27 | 2011-09-14 | 华中科技大学 | Wound rotor brushless double fed motor |
-
1987
- 1987-11-13 JP JP28699087A patent/JPH0779538B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH01129739A (en) | 1989-05-23 |
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