JPH06307952A - Residual pressure sensor - Google Patents
Residual pressure sensorInfo
- Publication number
- JPH06307952A JPH06307952A JP9577993A JP9577993A JPH06307952A JP H06307952 A JPH06307952 A JP H06307952A JP 9577993 A JP9577993 A JP 9577993A JP 9577993 A JP9577993 A JP 9577993A JP H06307952 A JPH06307952 A JP H06307952A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- pressure
- light
- plate
- closed end
- receiving element
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Landscapes
- Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、圧力の低下を検出する
残圧センサに関し、特に、圧力を駆動源とする機械の駆
動力停止の確認をフェールセーフに行うのに好適な残圧
センサに関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a residual pressure sensor for detecting a decrease in pressure, and more particularly to a residual pressure sensor suitable for fail-safe confirmation of stop of driving force of a machine using a pressure as a driving source. .
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】例えば、機械可動部のホールド状態でメ
ンテナンス作業をする場合や、機械可動部と作業者が協
調して交互に作業する場合等では、作業者を事故から守
るための安全対策が極めて重要である。例えば、圧力を
駆動源とする機械の場合は、圧力源を遮断して機械可動
部に圧力が供給されていないことを確認した後、作業者
に機械可動部への接近を許可するような方法の安全対策
がとられている。この場合、例えば残圧センサで機械可
動部への圧力供給の有無を監視し、ランプ等で表示して
作業者に知らせるような安全システムが考えられる。2. Description of the Related Art For example, when carrying out maintenance work while the movable part of the machine is held, or when the movable part of the machine and the worker cooperate alternately, safety measures to protect the worker from accidents are required. Extremely important. For example, in the case of a machine that uses pressure as a drive source, a method of shutting off the pressure source and confirming that no pressure is being supplied to the moving parts of the machine, and then allowing the worker to approach the moving parts of the machine Safety measures are taken. In this case, a safety system is conceivable in which, for example, a residual pressure sensor is used to monitor the presence or absence of pressure supply to the mechanical moving part and a lamp or the like is displayed to notify the operator.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、従来の
残圧センサは、圧力を受けた時にその圧力エネルギに応
じた出力を発生して圧力の大きさを指示する構造になっ
ている。例えば、ブルドン管を用いた残圧センサでは、
ブルドン管内に導入した圧力に応じて管端が変位し、こ
の変位を圧力指示のエネルギに変換している。即ち、従
来の残圧センサでは、圧力が存在するときに高エネルギ
状態に相当する出力が発生して圧力の大きさを指示し、
圧力がないときには出力が発生しない（低エネルギ状態
に相当）ことで圧力零の指示をする構造である。However, the conventional residual pressure sensor has a structure in which when pressure is applied, an output corresponding to the pressure energy is generated to indicate the magnitude of the pressure. For example, in a residual pressure sensor using a Bourdon tube,
The tube end is displaced according to the pressure introduced into the Bourdon tube, and this displacement is converted into energy for pressure indication. That is, in the conventional residual pressure sensor, when pressure is present, an output corresponding to a high energy state is generated to indicate the magnitude of pressure,
When there is no pressure, no output is generated (corresponding to a low energy state), so that zero pressure is instructed.
【０００４】このため、上述のような安全システムに適
用した場合、圧力が存在するときは残圧センサの出力が
高エネルギ状態で発生して危険状態を示し、圧力がない
ときは低エネルギ状態の出力となって安全状態を示すよ
うな構造をとることになる。しかし、このような構造で
は、圧力が存在して機械可動部が可動している時に、例
えば残圧センサが故障して出力が低エネルギ状態となっ
たときには、圧力が存在するにも拘らず圧力零の指示が
なされ安全状態（機械可動部停止の状態）を示すことに
なり、作業者にとって極めて危険な状態が発生する。Therefore, when applied to the safety system as described above, the output of the residual pressure sensor is generated in a high energy state to indicate a dangerous state when pressure is present, and is low when there is no pressure. The structure is such that it becomes an output and indicates a safe state. However, in such a structure, when there is pressure and the movable part of the machine is moving, for example, when the residual pressure sensor fails and the output is in a low energy state, the pressure remains despite the pressure. An instruction of zero is given to indicate a safe state (a state in which the moving parts of the machine are stopped), which causes an extremely dangerous state for the operator.
【０００５】本発明は上記の事情に鑑みなされたもの
で、圧力が零も含む所定値以下の時に高エネルギ状態に
相当する出力を発生できるフェールセーフな残圧センサ
を提供することを目的とする。The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a fail-safe residual pressure sensor capable of generating an output corresponding to a high energy state when the pressure is equal to or lower than a predetermined value including zero. .
【０００６】[0006]
【課題を解決するための手段】このため、本発明の残圧
センサでは、基台に固定され圧力を導入する圧力導入パ
イプと、該圧力導入パイプに一端が連通接続して固定さ
れ他端が閉塞され内部の圧力上昇に応じて閉塞端側が変
位する感圧パイプと、前記基台に固定した投光素子と受
光素子とを備え前記感圧パイプ内部圧力が所定値以下の
時の閉塞端変位位置で投光素子の放射光が受光素子で受
光されて高レベルの電気出力信号を発生する圧力−電気
変換部とを備えて構成した。For this reason, in the residual pressure sensor of the present invention, a pressure introducing pipe fixed to the base for introducing pressure, and one end of the pressure introducing pipe is connected and fixed and the other end is fixed. The pressure-sensitive pipe, which is blocked and whose closed end side is displaced in response to an increase in internal pressure, and a light-transmitting element and a light-receiving element, which are fixed to the base, are provided to displace the closed-end when the pressure inside the pressure-sensitive pipe is below a predetermined value. The pressure-electricity conversion unit is configured to receive the radiated light of the light-projecting element at the position and receive the high-level electric output signal by the light-receiving element.
【０００７】また、圧力−電気変換部としては、感圧パ
イプ閉塞端にスリット付きのプレートを固着すると共
に、投光素子と受光素子とをプレートを挟んで対向配置
し、前記感圧パイプ内部圧力が所定値以下の時の閉塞端
変位位置で投光素子の放射光が前記スリットを介して受
光素子で受光される構成としてもよく、また、感圧パイ
プ閉塞端にスリット無しのプレートを固着すると共に、
投光素子と受光素子とをプレートに対して同じ側に配置
し、前記感圧パイプ内部圧力が所定値以下の時の閉塞端
変位位置で投光素子の放射光が前記プレートで反射して
受光素子で受光される構成としてもよい。As the pressure-electricity converting portion, a plate with a slit is fixed to the closed end of the pressure-sensitive pipe, and the light projecting element and the light receiving element are arranged so as to face each other with the plate interposed therebetween. The light emitted from the light projecting element may be received by the light receiving element through the slit at the closed end displacement position when is less than or equal to a predetermined value, and a plate without slit is fixed to the closed end of the pressure-sensitive pipe. With
The light emitting element and the light receiving element are arranged on the same side with respect to the plate, and the emitted light of the light emitting element is reflected by the plate and received at the closed end displacement position when the pressure inside the pressure-sensitive pipe is below a predetermined value. It may be configured to receive light by the element.
【０００８】また、スリット付きのプレートの場合に
は、プレートに振動子を取付けてプレートを投光素子の
光放射方向に対して略直角方向に振動させて投光素子か
ら放射される光を変調する構成とするとよい。また、互
いに異なる第１と第２の圧力レベル以下で高レベルの電
気出力信号を発生する２つの圧力−電気変換部と、第１
の圧力レベル以下で電気出力信号を発生する圧力−電気
変換部側の出力をトリガ入力信号とし、第１の圧力レベ
ルより高い第２の圧力レベル以下で電気出力信号を発生
する圧力−電気変換部側の出力をリセット入力信号とし
て前記トリガ入力信号を自己保持する自己保持回路とを
備えて構成し、残圧センサの電気出力信号にヒステリシ
スを持たせるようにしてもよい。In the case of a plate with slits, a vibrator is attached to the plate and the plate is vibrated in a direction substantially perpendicular to the light emitting direction of the light projecting element to modulate the light emitted from the light projecting element. It is advisable to adopt the configuration. In addition, two pressure-electricity conversion units that generate high-level electric output signals below the first and second pressure levels that are different from each other;
Of the pressure-electricity converting section that generates an electric output signal at a pressure level equal to or lower than the first pressure level is used as a trigger input signal, and a pressure-electricity converting section that generates an electric output signal at a second pressure level that is higher than the first pressure level is generated. It may be configured to include a self-holding circuit that holds the trigger input signal by itself using the output on the side as a reset input signal so that the electric output signal of the residual pressure sensor has hysteresis.
【０００９】[0009]
【作用】かかる構成において、圧力導入パイプを介して
感圧パイプ内に圧力が導入されると感圧パイプの閉塞端
が変位し、この閉塞端と一体にプレートが変位する。導
入された圧力が所定値より高くなると、スリット付きの
プレートの場合には、スリット位置が投光素子の放射光
路から外れプレートによって放射光が遮断されて受光素
子に入射しなくなる。また、スリット無しのプレートの
場合には、プレート自体が投光素子の放射光路から外れ
プレートによる反射光がなくなり受光素子に光が入射し
なくなる。このため、圧力−電気変換部の出力は低レベ
ルとなる。In this structure, when pressure is introduced into the pressure sensitive pipe through the pressure introducing pipe, the closed end of the pressure sensitive pipe is displaced, and the plate is displaced integrally with the closed end. When the introduced pressure becomes higher than a predetermined value, in the case of a plate with a slit, the slit position deviates from the radiation optical path of the light projecting element, and the radiation light is blocked by the plate and does not enter the light receiving element. Further, in the case of a plate without slits, the plate itself deviates from the radiation optical path of the light projecting element and the light reflected by the plate disappears so that light does not enter the light receiving element. Therefore, the output of the pressure-electricity conversion unit becomes low level.
【００１０】一方、導入された圧力が所定値以下となる
と、スリット付きのプレートの場合には、スリットを介
して投光素子の放射光が受光素子に入射する。また、ス
リット無しのプレートの場合には、プレートによって投
光素子の放射光が反射されて受光素子に入射する。この
ため、圧力−電気変換部からは高レベルの電気出力信号
が発生する。On the other hand, when the introduced pressure becomes a predetermined value or less, in the case of a plate with a slit, the light emitted from the light projecting element enters the light receiving element through the slit. Further, in the case of a plate without slits, the emitted light of the light projecting element is reflected by the plate and enters the light receiving element. Therefore, a high level electric output signal is generated from the pressure-electricity conversion unit.
【００１１】このように、圧力が存在する時は電気出力
が零となり、圧力が零若しくは低い時には高レベルの電
気出力信号が発生することで、出力が零となるようなセ
ンサ故障時に危険な高圧時と同一の出力形態となり、フ
ェールセーフな構成となる。また、スリット付きのプレ
ートを使用する透過形変換部の場合、プレートに振動子
を設けプレートを常時振動させて投光素子からの光を変
調することで、この変調信号が受光素子に入射する時の
み、高レベルの電気出力信号が発生する構成にすれば、
プレートが外れで常時投光素子からの光が受光素子に入
射しても電気出力信号が発生しないようにできる。As described above, when the pressure is present, the electric output becomes zero, and when the pressure is zero or low, a high level electric output signal is generated, which is dangerous high voltage at the time of sensor failure such that the output becomes zero. The output format is the same as that of the time, and the configuration is fail-safe. Also, in the case of a transmissive converter that uses a plate with slits, a vibrator is provided on the plate to constantly vibrate the plate to modulate the light from the light projecting element, and when this modulated signal enters the light receiving element. Only if it is configured to generate a high level electrical output signal,
It is possible to prevent the electric output signal from being generated even when the light from the light projecting element is incident on the light receiving element when the plate is removed.
【００１２】また、互いに異なる圧力レベルで高レベル
の電気出力信号を発生する圧力−電気変換部を２つ設け
て、センサの電気出力信号にヒステリシスを設ける構成
とすれば、圧力変動で感圧パイプ閉塞端が振動した時に
電気出力信号のチャタリングを防げるようになる。If two pressure-electric converters for generating high-level electric output signals at different pressure levels are provided and a hysteresis is provided in the electric output signal of the sensor, the pressure-sensitive pipe due to pressure fluctuations. When the closed end vibrates, chattering of the electric output signal can be prevented.
【００１３】[0013]
【実施例】以下、本発明の実施例を図面に基づいて説明
する。図１は本発明の残圧センサの第１実施例を示す構
成図である。図１において、基台１の下部に、中空角柱
状の圧力導入パイプ２が固定されている。圧力導入パイ
プ２は、例えば圧力発生源から機械可動部に検出対象と
なる圧力を供給する供給パイプ（図示せず）に取り付け
て圧力を導入するためのもので、一端が閉塞され、他端
側に、前記供給パイプに接続するための中空円柱状の接
続ネジ部３及び接続時に圧力を取り入れるための圧力取
入口４が設けられている。略Ｃ字状に湾曲形成された感
圧パイプ５は、基端側が前記圧力導入パイプ２に連通接
続して固定され、先端側が閉塞端５Ａとなっているもの
で、圧力導入パイプ２を介して圧力が導入された時にそ
の圧力の上昇に応じて閉塞端５Ａが、図中の矢印方向
（上方）に変位する構造である。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a first embodiment of the residual pressure sensor of the present invention. In FIG. 1, a hollow prismatic pressure introduction pipe 2 is fixed to a lower portion of a base 1. The pressure introducing pipe 2 is, for example, attached to a supply pipe (not shown) for supplying a pressure to be detected from a pressure generation source to a mechanical movable portion to introduce pressure, and has one end closed and the other end side. Further, a hollow cylindrical connection screw portion 3 for connecting to the supply pipe and a pressure inlet 4 for taking in pressure at the time of connection are provided. The pressure-sensitive pipe 5 curved in a substantially C-shape has a base end side connected and fixed to the pressure introducing pipe 2 and a distal end side having a closed end 5A. When the pressure is introduced, the closed end 5A is displaced in the direction of the arrow (upward) in the figure according to the increase in the pressure.
【００１４】前記感圧パイプ５の先端閉塞端５Ａには、
プレート６が閉塞端５Ａの変位方向と略平行に固着さ
れ、該プレート６にスリット７を形成してある。また、
前記プレート６を挟んで互いに対向する投光素子８ａと
受光素子８ｂとを有するフォトカプラ８が、前記基台１
に固定されている。前記フォトカプラ８の投光素子８ａ
は、図２に示すように、信号発生器９から抵抗Ｒ１を介
して供給される交流信号によってトリガされて交流の光
ビームを発生する。受光素子８ｂは抵抗Ｒ２を介して電
源電圧ＶCCがコレクタに入力され受光した光に応じて電
気出力信号を発生する。そして、受光素子８ｂのコレク
タ出力が、コンデンサＣ１，Ｃ２とダイオードＤ１，Ｄ
２とで構成される倍電圧整流回路１０で整流され、抵抗
Ｒ３を介して表示灯１１に供給される。ここで、前記プ
レート６と、フォトカプラ８及び整流回路１０からなる
光センサとによって、圧力−電気変換部が構成される。At the closed end 5A of the pressure sensitive pipe 5,
The plate 6 is fixed substantially parallel to the displacement direction of the closed end 5A, and a slit 7 is formed in the plate 6. Also,
The photocoupler 8 having a light projecting element 8a and a light receiving element 8b which face each other with the plate 6 interposed therebetween is provided in the base 1
It is fixed to. Projector 8a of the photocoupler 8
2 is triggered by an AC signal supplied from a signal generator 9 through a resistor R1, as shown in FIG. 2, to generate an AC light beam. The light receiving element 8b generates an electric output signal according to the light received when the power supply voltage V CC is input to the collector via the resistor R2. The collector output of the light receiving element 8b is the capacitors C1 and C2 and the diodes D1 and D.
2 is rectified by the voltage doubler rectifier circuit 10 and is supplied to the indicator lamp 11 via the resistor R3. Here, the plate 6 and the optical sensor including the photocoupler 8 and the rectifier circuit 10 constitute a pressure-electricity conversion unit.
【００１５】次に動作について説明する。例えば、圧力
源から機械可動部に駆動圧力を供給するための圧力供給
パイプに、接続ネジ部３によって圧力導入パイプ２を取
付け、その圧力取入口４を前記圧力供給パイプ内に臨ま
せる。この状態で、機械可動部に供給される圧力が殆ど
なく、圧力導入パイプ２に導入される圧力が零若しくは
所定値以下の場合、感圧パイプ５の閉塞端５Ａは変位せ
ず、信号発生器９からの交流信号によってドライブされ
た投光素子８ａからの放射光が、プレート６のスリット
７を介して受光素子８ｂで受光される。これによって、
受光素子８ｂのコレクタ出力（図２中、ｚ1で示す点）
が図３に示すように交流となり、整流回路１０の出力端
（図２中、ｚ 2 で示す点）に整流回路１０電源電圧ＶCC
より高い略２ＶCCの電位（枠外電圧）が発生し、この高
レベルの電気出力信号によって表示灯１１が点灯し、圧
力無し（機械可動部停止）の表示となる。Next, the operation will be described. For example, pressure
Pressure supply to supply the driving pressure from the source to the moving parts of the machine
Attach the pressure introducing pipe 2 to the pipe with the connecting screw 3.
The pressure inlet 4 to the pressure supply pipe.
Let In this state, most of the pressure supplied to the moving parts of the machine
The pressure introduced into the pressure introducing pipe 2 is zero or
If the pressure is less than a predetermined value, the closed end 5A of the pressure sensitive pipe 5 should not be displaced.
Instead, it is driven by the AC signal from the signal generator 9.
The emitted light from the light projecting element 8a is a slit of the plate 6.
The light is received by the light receiving element 8b via 7. by this,
Collector output of the light receiving element 8b (in FIG. 2, z1Point)
Becomes AC as shown in FIG. 3, and the output end of the rectifier circuit 10
(In FIG. 2, z 2Rectifier circuit 10 power supply voltage VCC
About 2V higherCCPotential (voltage outside the frame) is generated,
The indicator light 11 lights up according to the level electric output signal,
No power is displayed (the machine moving parts are stopped).
【００１６】次に、機械可動部に供給される圧力が存在
して機械可動部が駆動状態にある場合、圧力取入口４を
介して圧力導入パイプ２内に圧力が導入される。この圧
力は感圧パイプ５内に導入され、導入された圧力に応じ
て感圧パイプ５の閉塞端５Ａが図の矢印で示す方向に変
位する。この閉塞端５Ａの変位によって、プレート６も
一体に変位し、投光素子８ａから受光素子８ｂに向かう
光がプレート６によって遮断されて受光素子８ｂに光が
伝達されなくなり、受光素子８ｂのコレクタ出力（図２
中、ｚ1 の点）が、図３に示す如く直流となり、整流回
路１０の出力端（図２中、ｚ2 の点）に高レベル（略２
ＶCC）の電位が発生せず表示灯１１は点灯せず、圧力有
り（機械可動部可動）の表示となる。Next, when there is a pressure supplied to the movable part of the machine and the movable part of the machine is in a driving state, the pressure is introduced into the pressure introducing pipe 2 through the pressure inlet 4. This pressure is introduced into the pressure-sensitive pipe 5, and the closed end 5A of the pressure-sensitive pipe 5 is displaced in the direction shown by the arrow in the figure according to the introduced pressure. Due to the displacement of the closed end 5A, the plate 6 is also displaced integrally, the light traveling from the light projecting element 8a to the light receiving element 8b is blocked by the plate 6, and the light is not transmitted to the light receiving element 8b, and the collector output of the light receiving element 8b is output. (Fig. 2
As shown in FIG. 3, the middle point z 1 ) becomes a direct current, and the output terminal of the rectifier circuit 10 (the point z 2 in FIG. 2) has a high level (approximately 2).
Vcc ) potential is not generated and the indicator lamp 11 does not light up, indicating that there is pressure (movable mechanical part).
【００１７】即ち、本実施例の残圧センサを用いて、例
えば、機械可動部に駆動圧力がないときは、残圧センサ
からの高エネルギ状態の電気出力信号によって安全を示
す青の信号灯を点灯し、機械可動部の駆動圧力が発生し
機械可動部が作動できる状態にある時は、この残圧検知
によって電気出力信号を零として青の信号灯を消灯させ
ることで危険を示す信号とすることができる。このよう
にすれば、フォトカプラ８の投光素子８ａが故障で光が
放射できない場合や、整流回路１０の故障時等に、整流
回路１０の出力端ｚ2 に電源電圧ＶCCより高いレベルの
電圧が発生せず、圧力が存在する時と同一の信号形態と
なり表示灯１１が消灯して危険を示すので、フェールセ
ーフとなる。That is, by using the residual pressure sensor of this embodiment, for example, when there is no driving pressure in the mechanical moving part, a blue signal lamp indicating safety is turned on by an electric output signal in a high energy state from the residual pressure sensor. However, when the drive pressure of the movable part of the machine is generated and the movable part of the machine is in the operable state, the electric output signal is set to zero and the blue signal lamp is turned off by the detection of the residual pressure, thereby making it a signal indicating a danger. it can. With this configuration, when the light projecting element 8a of the photocoupler 8 fails to emit light or when the rectifier circuit 10 fails, the output terminal z 2 of the rectifier circuit 10 has a level higher than the power supply voltage V CC . Since no voltage is generated and the signal has the same signal form as when pressure is present, the indicator lamp 11 is turned off to indicate a danger, resulting in fail-safe.
【００１８】ところで、上記第１実施例のように、圧力
がない時にスリット７を介して受光素子８ｂで光を受光
させて圧力無しを検出する方式の透過形の光センサを使
用した場合、プレート６が感圧パイプ閉塞端５Ａから脱
落した場合、常時、投光素子８ａからの放射光が受光素
子８ｂで受光され表示灯１１が点灯して安全側を示す危
険が生じる。By the way, when the transmission type optical sensor of the type in which light is received by the light receiving element 8b through the slit 7 to detect no pressure as in the first embodiment is used, the plate is used. When 6 is dropped from the closed end 5A of the pressure-sensitive pipe, the light emitted from the light projecting element 8a is always received by the light receiving element 8b, and the indicator lamp 11 is lit to cause a danger of indicating a safety side.
【００１９】このため、上記透過形光センサを使用する
場合には、図４の第２実施例に示すように、プレート６
に振動子２１を取付け、信号発生器２２によって振動子
２１を駆動して常時プレート６を、投光素子８ａの光放
射方向に対して略直角方向に投光素子８ａの光ビームよ
り高周波数で励振させることにより、投光素子８ａから
の光ビームを変調する構成とするとよい。この場合、整
流回路１０の時定数を振動子２１の振動周波数に合わせ
て設定する。Therefore, when the above-mentioned transmission type optical sensor is used, the plate 6 is used as shown in the second embodiment of FIG.
The oscillator 21 is attached to the plate, and the oscillator 21 is driven by the signal generator 22 so that the plate 6 is constantly driven at a higher frequency than the light beam of the light projecting element 8a in a direction substantially perpendicular to the light emitting direction of the light projecting element 8a. It is preferable to modulate the light beam from the light projecting element 8a by exciting it. In this case, the time constant of the rectifier circuit 10 is set according to the vibration frequency of the vibrator 21.
【００２０】かかる構成によれば、プレート６の振動に
よって変調された光ビームが受光素子８ｂで受光された
時のみ、整流回路１０のコンデンサＣ１，Ｃ２が充放電
動作を行い、整流回路１０の出力端ｚ2 に高レベルの電
気出力信号が発生するが、プレート６が脱落して変調動
作がなくなると、受光素子８ｂに投光素子８ａからの光
が伝達されても、整流回路１０の出力端ｚ2 には電源電
圧ＶCCより高い電位は発生せず、表示灯１１は点灯せ
ず、圧力が存在するにも拘らず誤って圧力無しの表示
（表示灯１１が点灯）がなされることはない。According to this structure, the capacitors C1 and C2 of the rectifying circuit 10 perform the charging / discharging operation only when the light beam modulated by the vibration of the plate 6 is received by the light receiving element 8b, and the output of the rectifying circuit 10 is output. Although a high-level electric output signal is generated at the end z 2 , if the plate 6 falls off and the modulation operation is lost, the output end of the rectifier circuit 10 is transmitted even if the light from the light emitting element 8a is transmitted to the light receiving element 8b. No potential higher than the power supply voltage V CC is generated at z 2 , the indicator lamp 11 is not lit, and no pressure is erroneously displayed (the indicator lamp 11 is lit) despite the presence of pressure. Absent.
【００２１】上記図１及び図４では、透過形の光センサ
を示したが、図５の第３実施例に示すように、スリット
なしのプレート６′を感圧パイプ５の閉塞端５Ａに固着
し、このプレート６′に対して同じ側に、投光素子と受
光素子とを設けたフォトカプラ８′を設ける反射形の光
センサを使用してもよい。かかる構成では、圧力が存在
（機械可動部可動状態）する時には、閉塞端５Ａの変位
によってプレート６′が上昇し、投光素子からの光がプ
レート６′で反射されず受光素子に伝達されず、表示灯
１１が消灯状態で危険を示す。一方、圧力が無い（機械
可動部停止状態）時には、感圧パイプ５の変位がなく、
投光素子からの光がプレート６′で反射されて受光素子
に伝達される。これにより、整流回路１０から高レベル
の電気出力信号が発生して表示灯１１が点灯して安全を
示す。Although FIGS. 1 and 4 show the transmission type optical sensor, as shown in the third embodiment of FIG. 5, the plate 6'without slits is fixed to the closed end 5A of the pressure-sensitive pipe 5. However, a reflection type optical sensor may be used in which a photocoupler 8'having a light emitting element and a light receiving element is provided on the same side of the plate 6 '. In such a configuration, when pressure is present (machine movable portion is in a movable state), the plate 6'is raised due to the displacement of the closed end 5A, and the light from the light projecting element is not reflected by the plate 6'and is not transmitted to the light receiving element. The indicator lamp 11 is turned off to indicate a danger. On the other hand, when there is no pressure (the machine moving part is stopped), there is no displacement of the pressure sensitive pipe 5,
The light from the light projecting element is reflected by the plate 6'and transmitted to the light receiving element. As a result, a high-level electric output signal is generated from the rectifier circuit 10 and the indicator lamp 11 lights up to indicate safety.
【００２２】次に、本発明の残圧センサの第４実施例を
図６〜図８に基づいて説明する。尚、図１と同一の部分
には同一符号を付して説明を省略する。この実施例で
は、感圧パイプ５の閉塞端５Ａに固着するプレート３１
に、図６に示すように、２つのスリット３２Ａ，３２Ｂ
を設けると共に、それぞれのスリット３２Ａ，３２Ｂに
対応させて図１と同様の構成の２つのフォトカプラ８
Ａ，８Ｂを設ける。前記スリット３２Ｂは、スリット３
２Ａに比べてスリット幅が広くなっており、図の鎖線で
示す残圧零の時の位置関係がずのようになっている。こ
のため、圧力が導入されて感圧パイプ５の閉塞端５Ａの
変位に伴って、スリット３２Ａ側に対応するフォトカプ
ラ８Ａの光が先にプレート３１によって遮断され、その
後にスリット３２Ｂ側に対応するフォトカプラ８Ｂの光
が遮断されるように構成されている。Next, a fourth embodiment of the residual pressure sensor of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The same parts as those in FIG. 1 are designated by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted. In this embodiment, the plate 31 fixed to the closed end 5A of the pressure sensitive pipe 5 is used.
As shown in FIG. 6, the two slits 32A and 32B are
And two photo couplers 8 having the same configuration as in FIG. 1 corresponding to the slits 32A and 32B.
Provide A and 8B. The slit 32B is the slit 3
The slit width is wider than that of 2A, and the positional relationship at the time of residual pressure zero shown by the chain line in the figure is similar. Therefore, when the pressure is introduced and the closed end 5A of the pressure-sensitive pipe 5 is displaced, the light of the photocoupler 8A corresponding to the slit 32A side is first blocked by the plate 31 and then corresponds to the slit 32B side. It is configured so that the light of the photocoupler 8B is blocked.
【００２３】また、図７に示すように、各フォトカプラ
８Ａ，８Ｂの整流回路１０によって整流された出力
ｘA ，ｘB は、故障時出力を発生しない従来公知のフェ
ールセーフなＡＮＤゲート３３、整流回路３４及びダイ
オード３５によって構成される自己保持回路３６に入力
される。そして、この自己保持回路３５は、フォトカプ
ラ８Ａの出力をトリガ入力とし、フォトカプラ８Ｂの出
力をリセット入力とし、前記トリガ入力をその出力ｙで
自己保持する構成となっている。Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the outputs x A and x B rectified by the rectifying circuit 10 of the photocouplers 8A and 8B do not generate outputs at the time of failure, and the well-known fail-safe AND gate 33, It is input to the self-holding circuit 36 configured by the rectifying circuit 34 and the diode 35. The self-holding circuit 35 has a configuration in which the output of the photocoupler 8A is used as a trigger input, the output of the photocoupler 8B is used as a reset input, and the trigger input is held by its output y.
【００２４】次に第４実施例の動作を図８のタイムチャ
ートを参照しながら説明する。残圧が零の時には、両ス
リット３２Ａ，３２Ｂを介して各フォトカプラ８Ａ，８
Ｂの受光素子８ｂが受光して自己保持回路３６のＡＮＤ
ゲート３３の両入力が高レベルであり、自己保持回路３
６の出力信号ｙが高レベルの論理値１の出力となり、例
えば安全を示す表示灯を点灯する。Next, the operation of the fourth embodiment will be described with reference to the time chart of FIG. When the residual pressure is zero, the photo couplers 8A and 8A are passed through the slits 32A and 32B.
The light-receiving element 8b of B receives the light and ANDs the self-holding circuit 36.
Both inputs of the gate 33 are at high level, and the self-holding circuit 3
The output signal y of 6 becomes an output of high level logical value 1, and, for example, an indicator lamp indicating safety is turned on.
【００２５】この状態から、圧力が供給されると、圧力
の上昇に伴って感圧パイプ５の閉塞端５Ａが変位し、プ
レート３１も一体に変位（図６中、上方）する。そし
て、圧力が図８のＰA より高くなると、まず、スリット
３２Ａ側がフォトカプラ８Ａの投光素子８ａの光路から
外れて光が遮断されてフォトカプラ８Ａ側の整流出力ｘ
A がなくなり、自己保持回路３６のトリガ入力が停止す
るが、このトリガ入力は自己保持回路３６の出力ｙで自
己保持されるので、自己保持回路３６の出力信号ｙは論
理値１を維持する。その後、更に圧力が上昇して圧力が
ＰB より高くなると、スリット３２Ｂ側のフォトカプラ
８Ｂの光も遮断されてその整流出力ｘB が停止する。こ
れにより、自己保持回路３６の出力信号は低レベルの論
理値０となり、表示灯が消灯して機械可動部が可動状態
であることを知らせる。When pressure is supplied from this state, the pressure
The closed end 5A of the pressure-sensitive pipe 5 is displaced as the
The rate 31 is also integrally displaced (upward in FIG. 6). That
The pressure is P in FIG.AWhen it gets higher, first, slit
32A side from the optical path of the light projecting element 8a of the photocoupler 8A
Rectified output x on the photocoupler 8A side
AAnd the trigger input of the self-holding circuit 36 stops.
However, the trigger input is the output y of the self-holding circuit 36.
Since it is held by itself, the output signal y of the self-holding circuit 36 is
Maintains a theoretical value of 1. After that, the pressure rises further and the pressure
PBWhen it becomes higher, the photo coupler on the slit 32B side
8B light is also blocked and its rectified output xBStops. This
As a result, the output signal of the self-holding circuit 36 is low level.
The theoretical value becomes 0, the indicator light goes off, and the movable part of the machine moves.
Let us know.
【００２６】次に、機械可動部への圧力供給が停止され
る時は、圧力の停止によりプレート３１が逆方向に変位
し、残圧がＰB 以下になると、スリット３２Ｂを介して
フォトカプラ８Ｂの受光素子８ｂで受光されフォトカプ
ラ８Ｂ側の整流出力ｘB が自己保持回路３６のＡＮＤゲ
ート３３に入力する。この時は、まだ、フォトカプラ８
Ａ側の整流出力ｘA がなく自己保持回路３６の出力信号
ｙは論理値０である。Next, when the pressure supply to the movable part of the machine is stopped, the plate 31 is displaced in the opposite direction due to the stop of the pressure, and when the residual pressure becomes P B or less, the photocoupler 8B is passed through the slit 32B. The rectified output x B on the side of the photocoupler 8B which is received by the light receiving element 8b is input to the AND gate 33 of the self-holding circuit 36. At this time, still photo coupler 8
The output signal y of the rectification output x A without self-holding circuit 36 of the A-side is a logic value 0.
【００２７】その後、圧力が更に低下し、残圧がＰA 以
下になると、スリット３２Ａを介してフォトカプラ８Ａ
の受光素子８ｂで受光されフォトカプラ８Ａ側の整流出
力ｘ A も自己保持回路３６のＡＮＤゲート３３に入力す
る。これにより、自己保持回路３６がトリガされ、自己
保持回路３６の出力信号ｙは高レベルの論理値１とな
る。After that, the pressure further decreases and the residual pressure becomes PASince
At the bottom, the photocoupler 8A passes through the slit 32A.
Is received by the light receiving element 8b of the photocoupler 8A and rectified on the photocoupler 8A side
Force x AIs also input to the AND gate 33 of the self-holding circuit 36.
It This triggers the self-holding circuit 36 to
The output signal y of the holding circuit 36 has a high-level logic value of 1.
It
【００２８】このように、本実施例では、圧力上昇時に
は圧力がＰB より高くなった時に自己保持回路３６の出
力信号ｙが論理値０となり、残圧低下時は、圧力がＰA
以下になった時に自己保持回路３６の出力信号ｙが論理
値１となる。従って、図８に示すヒステリシス幅Ｔを持
つことになり、圧力の変動に伴ってプレート３１が振動
して自己保持回路３６の出力信号ｙがＯＮ−ＯＦＦする
ようなチャタリング現象を防止することが可能となる。[0028] Thus, in this embodiment, the output signal y is a logic value 0 of the self-hold circuit 36 when the pressure at the time of pressure increase is higher than P B, when the residual pressure under the pressure P A
The output signal y of the self-holding circuit 36 becomes a logical value 1 when the following occurs. Therefore, the hysteresis width T shown in FIG. 8 is provided, and it is possible to prevent the chattering phenomenon in which the plate 31 vibrates with the change in pressure and the output signal y of the self-holding circuit 36 is turned on and off. Becomes
【００２９】尚、スリット無しのプレートを使用して透
過形の光センサを構成できることは明らかである。ま
た、第１実施例において、チャタリングを防止するの
に、整流回路の出力側に従来公知のフェールセーフなオ
ン・ディレー回路を接続して、立ち上がりを遅延させる
構成としてもよいことは明らかである。It is obvious that a transmission type optical sensor can be constructed using a plate without slits. Further, in the first embodiment, in order to prevent chattering, it is apparent that a conventionally known fail-safe on-delay circuit may be connected to the output side of the rectifier circuit to delay the rising edge.
【００３０】[0030]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように本発明によれば、検
出対象である圧力が所定値以下に低下し時若しくは零で
ある時に高エネルギ状態の電気出力信号を発生し、所定
値より高い圧力が存在する時に低エネルギ状態の電気出
力信号を発生する構成としたので、高エネルギ状態の出
力で残圧のない安全状態を表示をし、低エネルギ状態の
出力で残圧が存在する危険状態を表示することが可能と
なり、フェールセーフ構成にできる。As described above, according to the present invention, when the pressure to be detected falls below a predetermined value or is zero, an electric output signal in a high energy state is generated and a pressure higher than the predetermined value is generated. Since a low-energy state electric output signal is generated when a high energy state exists, a high-energy state output indicates a safe state without residual pressure, and a low-energy state output indicates a dangerous state where residual pressure exists. It becomes possible to display, and it becomes a fail-safe configuration.
【図１】本発明に係る残圧センサの第１実施例の構成を
示す斜視図FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a first embodiment of a residual pressure sensor according to the present invention.
【図２】同上第１実施例の電気回路図FIG. 2 is an electric circuit diagram of the first embodiment.
【図３】同上第１実施例のフォトカプラ出力波形と整流
回路出力波形を示すタイムチートFIG. 3 is a time chart showing an output waveform of a photocoupler and an output waveform of a rectifier circuit according to the first embodiment.
【図４】本発明の残圧センサの第２実施例の要部構成図FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of a main part of a second embodiment of the residual pressure sensor of the present invention.
【図５】本発明の残圧センサの第３実施例の要部構成図FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of a main part of a third embodiment of the residual pressure sensor of the present invention.
【図６】本発明の残圧センサの第４実施例の要部構成図FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of a main part of a fourth embodiment of the residual pressure sensor of the present invention.
【図７】同上第４実施例の電気回路図FIG. 7 is an electric circuit diagram of a fourth embodiment of the same as above.
【図８】同上第４実施例の残圧と電気出力信号との関係
を示すタイムチャートFIG. 8 is a time chart showing the relationship between the residual pressure and the electric output signal of the fourth embodiment.
１ 基台 ２ 圧力導入パイプ ５ 感圧パイプ ５Ａ 閉塞端 ６，６′，３１ プレート ７，３２Ａ，３２Ｂ スリット ８，８′，８Ａ，８Ｂ フォトカプラ ８ａ 投光素子 ８ｂ 受光素子 ２１ 振動子 ３６ 自己保持回路 1 base 2 pressure introduction pipe 5 pressure sensitive pipe 5A closed end 6,6 ', 31 plate 7, 32A, 32B slit 8, 8', 8A, 8B photocoupler 8a light emitting element 8b light receiving element 21 oscillator 36 self-holding circuit
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 蓬原 弘一 埼玉県浦和市上木崎１丁目13番８号 日本 信号株式会社与野事業所内 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Koichi Hobara 1-13-8 Kamikizaki, Urawa-shi, Saitama Nihon Signal Co., Ltd.
Claims (5)
イプと、該圧力導入パイプに一端が連通接続して固定さ
れ他端が閉塞され内部の圧力上昇に応じて閉塞端側が変
位する感圧パイプと、前記基台に固定した投光素子と受
光素子とを備え前記感圧パイプ内部圧力が所定値以下の
時の閉塞端変位位置で投光素子の放射光が受光素子で受
光されて高レベルの電気出力信号を発生する圧力−電気
変換部とを備えて構成したことを特徴とする残圧セン
サ。1. A pressure introducing pipe fixed to a base for introducing pressure, and a sensation that one end of the pressure introducing pipe is connected and fixed to the pressure introducing pipe and the other end is closed so that the closed end side is displaced in response to an increase in internal pressure. A pressure pipe, a light projecting element and a light receiving element fixed to the base are provided, and the emitted light of the light projecting element is received by the light receiving element at the closed end displacement position when the internal pressure of the pressure sensitive pipe is a predetermined value or less. A residual pressure sensor, comprising: a pressure-electricity conversion unit that generates a high-level electric output signal.
前記感圧パイプ閉塞端に固着されて閉塞端の変位に応じ
て変位するプレートと、該プレートを挟んで対向配置し
た投光素子と受光素子とを備えた光センサとからなり、
前記感圧パイプ内部圧力が所定値以下の時の閉塞端変位
位置で投光素子の放射光が前記スリットを介して受光素
子で受光されて高レベルの電気出力信号を発生する構成
である請求項１記載の残圧センサ。2. The pressure-electricity converting portion has a slit, and a plate fixed to the closed end of the pressure-sensitive pipe and displaced according to the displacement of the closed end, and a light-projecting element arranged to face each other with the plate sandwiched therebetween. And an optical sensor having a light receiving element,
The radiated light of the light projecting element is received by the light receiving element via the slit at the closed end displacement position when the pressure inside the pressure sensitive pipe is equal to or lower than a predetermined value, and a high level electric output signal is generated. 1. The residual pressure sensor described in 1.
の光放射方向に対して略直角方向にプレートを振動さ
せ、投光素子から放射される光を変調する構成とした請
求項２記載の残圧センサ。3. A structure in which a vibrator is attached to the plate and the plate is vibrated in a direction substantially perpendicular to a light emitting direction of the light projecting element to modulate light emitted from the light projecting element. Residual pressure sensor.
閉塞端に固着されて閉塞端の変位に応じて変位するプレ
ートと、該プレートに対して同じ側に投光素子と受光素
子とを設けた光センサとからなり、前記感圧パイプ内部
圧力が所定値以下の時の閉塞端変位位置で投光素子の放
射光が前記プレートで反射して受光素子で受光され高レ
ベルの電気出力信号を発生する構成である請求項１記載
の残圧センサ。4. The pressure-electricity converting portion includes a plate fixed to the closed end of the pressure-sensitive pipe and displaced according to the displacement of the closed end, and a light projecting element and a light receiving element on the same side with respect to the plate. And an optical sensor provided with a pressure sensor, the emitted light of the light projecting element is reflected by the plate at the closed end displacement position when the pressure inside the pressure-sensitive pipe is below a predetermined value, and is received by the light receiving element to produce a high-level electrical output. The residual pressure sensor according to claim 1, wherein the residual pressure sensor is configured to generate a signal.
になった時に高レベルの電気出力信号をそれぞれ発生す
る２つの圧力−電気変換部と、第１の圧力レベル以下で
電気出力信号を発生する圧力−電気変換部側の出力をト
リガ入力信号とし、第１の圧力レベルより高い第２の圧
力レベル以下で電気出力信号を発生する圧力−電気変換
部側の出力をリセット入力信号として前記トリガ入力信
号を自己保持する自己保持回路とを備えて構成したこと
を特徴とする請求項１記載の残圧センサ。5. Two pressure-to-electricity converters, each of which generates a high level electric output signal when it is below a different first and second pressure level, and an electric output signal below the first pressure level. The generated output of the pressure-electricity converter is used as a trigger input signal, and the output of the pressure-electricity converter that generates an electric output signal at a second pressure level or higher higher than the first pressure level is used as a reset input signal. The residual pressure sensor according to claim 1, further comprising a self-holding circuit that holds the trigger input signal by itself.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP09577993A JP3271027B2 (en) | 1993-04-22 | 1993-04-22 | Residual pressure sensor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP09577993A JP3271027B2 (en) | 1993-04-22 | 1993-04-22 | Residual pressure sensor |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH06307952A true JPH06307952A (en) | 1994-11-04 |
| JP3271027B2 JP3271027B2 (en) | 2002-04-02 |
Family
ID=14146971
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP09577993A Expired - Fee Related JP3271027B2 (en) | 1993-04-22 | 1993-04-22 | Residual pressure sensor |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3271027B2 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5675317A (en) * | 1994-05-30 | 1997-10-07 | Nagano Keiki Seisakusho, Ltd. | Residual pressure sensor and residual pressure sensor monitoring apparatus |
| DE102008000875A1 (en) | 2008-03-28 | 2009-10-01 | Wika Alexander Wiegand Gmbh & Co. Kg | Measuring device, particularly pressure-measuring device, comprises measuring element and working unit, which is mechanically coupled with measuring element |
| KR100981928B1 (en) * | 2008-03-17 | 2010-09-13 | (주)와이즈산전 | Capacitive-hybrid pressure transmitter |
-
1993
- 1993-04-22 JP JP09577993A patent/JP3271027B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5675317A (en) * | 1994-05-30 | 1997-10-07 | Nagano Keiki Seisakusho, Ltd. | Residual pressure sensor and residual pressure sensor monitoring apparatus |
| KR100981928B1 (en) * | 2008-03-17 | 2010-09-13 | (주)와이즈산전 | Capacitive-hybrid pressure transmitter |
| DE102008000875A1 (en) | 2008-03-28 | 2009-10-01 | Wika Alexander Wiegand Gmbh & Co. Kg | Measuring device, particularly pressure-measuring device, comprises measuring element and working unit, which is mechanically coupled with measuring element |
| DE102008000875B4 (en) | 2008-03-28 | 2023-02-09 | Wika Alexander Wiegand Se & Co. Kg | gauge |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP3271027B2 (en) | 2002-04-02 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US4702553A (en) | Fiber-optical sensor for detecting electric arc-discharges | |
| GB2064112A (en) | Fire alarm system | |
| JPH06307952A (en) | Residual pressure sensor | |
| JPH11134566A (en) | Ogject detector with wireless power supply device | |
| WO1997022008A1 (en) | Rotation-stop sensor | |
| KR960026062A (en) | Abnormality detection device in laser device | |
| JPH0814501B2 (en) | Optical power supply type signal processor | |
| JP3482210B2 (en) | Residual pressure sensor and residual pressure sensor monitoring device | |
| EP0716403B1 (en) | Monitor apparatus of alarm apparatus | |
| JPS58146152A (en) | Optical transmission system | |
| JP2007028388A (en) | Photoelectric switch | |
| JPS5730921A (en) | Pressure sensor | |
| KR100526143B1 (en) | Apparatus for informing an emergency exit used laser beam | |
| JPS6157135A (en) | Transmission line supervisory system | |
| JP2004191239A (en) | Method of judging failure in optical fiber gyroscope | |
| ES2129049T3 (en) | REAL TIME OPERATION INDICATOR. | |
| JPH09318471A (en) | Monitor of pressure sensor | |
| KR0113216Y1 (en) | Tape end detecting apparatus for magnetic tape recorder | |
| JPH0349478Y2 (en) | ||
| US20050201452A1 (en) | Signal detector | |
| JPS59182382A (en) | Obstacle detector vehicle | |
| JPS5818126A (en) | Reflecting sensor | |
| JPS6244025A (en) | Fuse burnout detector | |
| JPH0690560A (en) | Power circuit | |
| JPH0727508A (en) | Optical sensor |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |