JPH02149400A - Dehydration of microbial sludge using solvent - Google Patents
Dehydration of microbial sludge using solventInfo
- Publication number
- JPH02149400A JPH02149400A JP63301445A JP30144588A JPH02149400A JP H02149400 A JPH02149400 A JP H02149400A JP 63301445 A JP63301445 A JP 63301445A JP 30144588 A JP30144588 A JP 30144588A JP H02149400 A JPH02149400 A JP H02149400A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- sludge
- solvent
- dewatering
- mixed solvent
- microorganisms
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 title abstract description 19
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 title abstract description 19
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 title abstract description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 210000000170 cell membrane Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 210000000805 cytoplasm Anatomy 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 16
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract description 2
- KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid trimethyl ester Natural products COC(C)=O KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 208000005156 Dehydration Diseases 0.000 description 16
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 9
- 210000002421 cell wall Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000003834 intracellular effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 3
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001086 cytosolic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010828 elution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000003886 Glycoproteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000288 Glycoproteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000000232 Lipid Bilayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920006317 cationic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000003196 chaotropic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003311 flocculating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007429 general method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011346 highly viscous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010842 industrial wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010297 mechanical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000007523 nucleic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 102000039446 nucleic acids Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108020004707 nucleic acids Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- WVDDGKGOMKODPV-ZQBYOMGUSA-N phenyl(114C)methanol Chemical compound O[14CH2]C1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-ZQBYOMGUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003705 ribosome Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
産業上の利用分野：
本発明は、微生物による廃水処理方法における汚泥の脱
水処理方法に関し、特に溶剤の添加より汚泥を効率よく
脱水し、低含水率とする生物汚泥の脱水方法に係るもの
である。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application: The present invention relates to a method for dewatering sludge in a wastewater treatment method using microorganisms, and in particular to a method for dewatering biological sludge that efficiently dewaters sludge by adding a solvent and reduces the water content. This relates to a dehydration method.
従来技術：
微生物による廃水処理に際して生ずる汚泥の脱水手段と
しては、凝集剤、ろ過動剤などを添加した後、真空脱水
、遠心脱水、プレス脱水などの機械的な方法で脱水し濃
縮することが一般に行われている。しかし、このような
脱水方法では、汚泥を構成する微生物の細胞外部の水分
を除くのみで、脱水処理後の汚泥の含水率は８０ｗｔ％
前後に止まっていた。Conventional technology: The common method for dewatering sludge generated during wastewater treatment using microorganisms is to add a flocculant, filtering agent, etc., and then dehydrate and concentrate using mechanical methods such as vacuum dehydration, centrifugal dehydration, and press dehydration. It is being done. However, such dewatering methods only remove water outside the cells of the microorganisms that make up the sludge, and the water content of the sludge after dehydration is 80 wt%.
It stopped back and forth.
脱水率を向上させる一つの方法として、機械的な脱水処
理の前工程又は後工程として、汚泥に対して親水性の溶
剤を添加、混合し脱水する技術が特公昭５７−７０００
号公報により開示されている。この提案では上記のごと
く親水性の溶剤のみを使用し、溶剤により汚泥を構成す
る微生物の細胞壁表面の高粘性物を低粘性化し、汚泥の
脱水性の向上を図ることを目的としている。As one method for improving the dewatering rate, a technology was developed in the Japanese Patent Publication No. 57-7000 to add and mix a hydrophilic solvent to sludge as a pre- or post-process of mechanical dewatering.
It is disclosed in the publication No. This proposal uses only hydrophilic solvents as described above, and aims to reduce the viscosity of the highly viscous substances on the surface of the cell walls of microorganisms that make up the sludge, thereby improving the dewaterability of the sludge.
しかし、この発明によっても、親水性溶剤は細胞膜の溶
出、破壊までは行い得す、細胞質まで影響を与えるこ牛
ができないので、細胞質内の水分は細胞質中に多量に残
存したままとなり、この方法による場合も脱水処理後の
汚泥の含水率は６０ｗ ｔ％程度が限度となっていた。However, even with this invention, the hydrophilic solvent can elute and destroy the cell membrane, but it cannot affect the cytoplasm, so a large amount of water in the cytoplasm remains in the cytoplasm, and this method In this case, the water content of sludge after dehydration treatment was limited to about 60wt%.
発明が解決しようとする課題：
現状では、親水性溶剤の添加によっても、含水率が６０
ｗ ｔ％程度に止まっていた汚泥の脱水処理を改善し、
適応溶剤の添加により従来の機械的な脱水機を使用して
脱水した場合でも、少くとも脱水汚泥の含水率を５０−
１％以下に低減することを目的としている。Problem to be solved by the invention: Currently, even with the addition of a hydrophilic solvent, the water content can be reduced to 60%.
Improved sludge dewatering process, which had remained at around wt%,
The addition of compatible solvents reduces the water content of dewatered sludge to at least 50-50% even when dewatered using conventional mechanical dewatering machines.
The aim is to reduce it to 1% or less.
課題を解決するための手段：
本発明は、適応溶剤を選択、添加することにより、水分
を多量に抱持する細胞質までも、その水分並びに構成有
機質を細胞外部に除脱させることとした。すなわち、廃
水を微生物により処理した後、微生物汚泥を脱水する場
合に溶剤を使用して脱水性を向上させるに際し、親水性
溶剤に、疎水性溶剤を適当な割合で混合して得られる混
合溶剤を汚泥に添加し、脱水する。かかる混合溶剤は、
全体として汚泥に対して親和性を有している状態で、汚
泥を構成する微生物の細胞膜の一部を破壊し、結果的に
細胞内水分の除脱並びに細胞内有機質の溶出を著しく促
進する機作を示す。Means for Solving the Problems: The present invention removes water and constituent organic substances from even the cytoplasm, which retains a large amount of water, to the outside of the cells by selecting and adding an adaptive solvent. That is, when dewatering microbial sludge after treating wastewater with microorganisms, a mixed solvent obtained by mixing a hydrophilic solvent with a hydrophobic solvent in an appropriate ratio is used. Add to sludge and dehydrate. Such a mixed solvent is
It has an affinity for sludge as a whole, and it destroys part of the cell membranes of microorganisms that make up sludge, resulting in a mechanism that significantly promotes the removal of intracellular water and the elution of intracellular organic matter. Show the work.
又、この時に、汚泥と混合溶剤の混じった系を加圧状態
、加温状態若しくは加圧加温状態で混合することは一層
の効果がある。さらに、加圧状態の系では急速に大気圧
若しくは減圧状態に転移させ、加温状態の系では大気温
度の状態に戻すことは脱水効率の改善に大きく貢献する
。Further, at this time, it is more effective to mix the mixed system of sludge and mixed solvent in a pressurized state, a heated state, or a pressurized and heated state. Furthermore, rapidly transitioning a pressurized system to atmospheric pressure or a reduced pressure state, and returning a heated system to an atmospheric temperature state greatly contributes to improving dehydration efficiency.
発明の構成・作用ニ
一般に、下水処理、産業廃水処理など、微生物による廃
水の処理に使用される汚泥には非常に多くの種類の微生
物が含まれているが、殆んどが細菌類で占められている
。第１図はその細胞構造を、模型的に示したもので、１
は莢膜、２は細胞壁、３は細胞膜、４は細胞質である。Structure and operation of the invention Generally, sludge used for wastewater treatment using microorganisms, such as sewage treatment and industrial wastewater treatment, contains a large number of types of microorganisms, but most of them are made up of bacteria. It is being Figure 1 schematically shows the cell structure.
is the capsule, 2 is the cell wall, 3 is the cell membrane, and 4 is the cytoplasm.
細胞の最外殻部である細胞壁２の構造は、ダラム陽性菌
とダラム陰性菌の場合によって異るが、何れもペプチド
グルカン層が基礎構造をなしている。細胞壁２は莢膜１
とともに外部からの影響に対して内部を保護している。The structure of the cell wall 2, which is the outermost shell of the cell, differs depending on the case of Durum-positive bacteria and Durum-negative bacteria, but in both cases, a peptidoglucan layer forms the basic structure. Cell wall 2 is capsule 1
It also protects the interior from external influences.
その内側の細胞膜３は、脂質二重層、すなわち脂質分子
がその非極性の末端を向い合せて並んだ層を主体とし、
この間隙に糖蛋白質が介在し、全体として栄養分や細胞
内生産物の選択透過を行っている。The inner cell membrane 3 is mainly composed of a lipid bilayer, that is, a layer in which lipid molecules are arranged with their nonpolar ends facing each other.
Glycoproteins intervene in this gap, and as a whole, nutrients and intracellular products permeate selectively.
細胞膜３の内側は細胞質４で、コロイド状の物質で核酸
リボゾーム、メソシーム、油滴、糖類などと微量の酵素
、多量の水分などで構成されている。Inside the cell membrane 3 is the cytoplasm 4, which is a colloidal substance composed of nucleic acid ribosomes, mesothems, oil droplets, sugars, etc., a trace amount of enzymes, and a large amount of water.
そこで、本発明ではこれら汚泥を構成する微生物類の細
胞質物質を細胞外へ取出す方法として、親水性溶剤（水
と無限大相溶する溶剤とする。以下、同様に称する。）
と疎水性溶剤（親水性でない溶剤。以下、同様に称する
。）とを適当な割合で混合した混合溶剤を汚泥に適量添
加する。Therefore, in the present invention, a hydrophilic solvent (a solvent that is infinitely compatible with water, hereinafter referred to in the same manner) is used as a method for extracting the cytoplasmic substances of microorganisms constituting these sludges to the outside of the cells.
An appropriate amount of a mixed solvent, which is a mixture of a hydrophobic solvent (a non-hydrophilic solvent, hereinafter referred to in the same manner) in an appropriate ratio, is added to the sludge.
一般に、微生物細胞より細胞内構成有機質を取出す場合
には、溶剤による抽出がよく行われるが、脱水性には注
目して行われていない。In general, when extracting intracellular constituent organic substances from microbial cells, extraction with a solvent is often performed, but this extraction is not performed with attention paid to dehydration properties.
本発明では、多種多様の微生物よりなる汚泥の脱水に、
上記混合溶液が細胞質中の水分又は有機質の除脱まで達
成できることを確認し、且つ効果的に実現させる方法と
なっている。In the present invention, for dewatering sludge consisting of a wide variety of microorganisms,
It has been confirmed that the above-mentioned mixed solution can remove water or organic matter from the cytoplasm, and this method can effectively achieve this.
従って本発明は、微生物による廃水処理時の汚泥の脱水
に際し：
親水性溶剤と疎水性溶剤とを適宜割合で混合してなる混
合溶剤を汚泥に添加し；
混合溶剤が汚泥に対して親和性を有している状態で汚泥
を構成する微生物の細胞膜を破壊し、混合溶剤を細胞質
内に侵入させ；
細胞室内水分を除脱させるとともに細胞質内の有機質を
溶出させることにより、汚泥の脱水性を向上させる；
ことを要旨としている。Therefore, in the present invention, when dewatering sludge during wastewater treatment using microorganisms, a mixed solvent made by mixing a hydrophilic solvent and a hydrophobic solvent in an appropriate ratio is added to the sludge; and the mixed solvent has an affinity for the sludge. Destroys the cell membranes of the microorganisms that make up the sludge and allows the mixed solvent to enter the cytoplasm; improves sludge dehydration by removing moisture from the cell interior and eluting organic matter from the cytoplasm. The gist is to:
そして、上記の諸操作を加圧状態系、加温状態系又は加
圧加温状態系で行い、さらにこれらの諸状態系で上記脱
水操作を行うに際し、加圧状態系では急速に大気圧又は
減圧状態に、加温状態系では大気温度の状態に戻す操作
を付加する方法も脱水性の向上に貢献する。Then, when performing the above operations in a pressurized state system, a heated state system, or a pressurized state system, and further performing the above dehydration operation in these various state systems, in the pressurized state system, the atmospheric pressure or A method of adding an operation of returning the heated system to the atmospheric temperature state to the reduced pressure state also contributes to improving dehydration performance.
親水性溶剤と疎水性溶剤との混合溶剤を汚泥に混ぜるこ
とにより、
（１）細胞内の親水性基の脱水和を促し、混合溶剤に可
溶な有機質を溶出させ、それらによって細胞壁、細胞膜
及び細胞質への親和性を発現させる、
（２）細胞膜の脂質構造の一部を、混合溶剤により溶出
又は破壊し、細胞内への外部液の侵入を容易にし、又水
分を含む細胞質構成物質の細胞外への移動を促進する、
などの作用がもたらされる。微生物細胞を多く含む汚泥
をこのような状態で数十分間放置し、それから機械的な
脱水機で脱水すると、細胞質内の物質の幾分かまで取出
すことができるため、脱水汚泥の含水率を、従来法によ
るものよりも格段に下げることが可能となる。By mixing a mixed solvent of a hydrophilic solvent and a hydrophobic solvent with sludge, (1) it promotes dehydration of hydrophilic groups in cells, elutes organic substances soluble in the mixed solvent, and causes cell walls, cell membranes, (2) A part of the lipid structure of the cell membrane is eluted or destroyed with a mixed solvent, making it easier for external fluids to enter the cell, and allowing cytoplasmic substances containing water to enter the cell. Effects such as promoting outward movement are brought about. If sludge containing a large number of microbial cells is left in this state for several minutes and then dehydrated using a mechanical dehydrator, some of the substances in the cytoplasm can be extracted, so the water content of the dehydrated sludge can be reduced. , it is possible to significantly lower the cost than with the conventional method.
実施例：
本発明に適用する混合溶剤は、少くとも次の条件を満た
すことが必要である。Examples: The mixed solvent applied to the present invention needs to satisfy at least the following conditions.
（イ）汚泥を構成する微生物細胞に対する親和力が強い
。(b) It has a strong affinity for the microbial cells that make up sludge.
（ロ）細胞壁及ｄ細胞膜を構成する有機質に対する溶解
力及び分解作用が大きい。(b) It has a large dissolving power and decomposition effect on organic substances that constitute cell walls and cell membranes.
（ハ）細胞質を構成する有機質に対する分解能力及び溶
出能力が大きい。(c) It has a high decomposition ability and elution ability for organic matter that constitutes the cytoplasm.
（ニ）混合溶剤処理後に、機械的な脱水機で処理した場
合に脱水性がよい。(d) Good dehydration properties when treated with a mechanical dehydrator after treatment with a mixed solvent.
上記のうち、（イ）の機作については、一般にメタノー
ル、エタノール、アセトンなどの親水性溶剤がよく知ら
れている。（ロ）の機作については疎水性のエーテル、
クロロホルム、ブタノールなどが好ましい。（ハ）につ
いては相乗的に作用する要素も多いと考えられる。（ニ
）については、機械的な脱水を実動するためには、凝集
剤を予め汚泥に加え又は何らかの手段で汚泥を凝縮した
後、混合溶剤を添加して混合し、しかる後本格的に脱水
するのが有利である。なお、このときに凝集剤を加えて
もよいことはいうまでもないが、凝集剤によっては混合
溶剤のため凝集作用を阻害されることがある。Among the above, hydrophilic solvents such as methanol, ethanol, and acetone are generally well known for the mechanism (a). Regarding the mechanism of (b), hydrophobic ether,
Chloroform, butanol, etc. are preferred. Regarding (c), it is thought that there are many factors that act synergistically. Regarding (d), in order to carry out mechanical dewatering, a flocculant must be added to the sludge in advance or the sludge must be condensed by some means, then a mixed solvent must be added and mixed, and then full-scale dewatering must be carried out. It is advantageous to do so. It goes without saying that a flocculant may be added at this time, but depending on the flocculant, the flocculating effect may be inhibited because it is a mixed solvent.
従って、凝集剤−混合溶剤の組合せ及び混合溶剤の混合
比などを選定する必要がある。この選定が適切でないと
脱水が充分に行われるための各機作が円滑に進まない。Therefore, it is necessary to select the combination of flocculant and mixed solvent and the mixing ratio of the mixed solvent. If this selection is not appropriate, each mechanism for sufficient dehydration will not proceed smoothly.
また、上記したものの他に、親水性溶剤としてプロパツ
ール、疎水性溶剤として酢酸メチル、酢酸エチル、塩化
メチレン、ｎ−ヘキサン、ベンジルアルコールなどが適
用でき、混合溶剤の混合比、適応範囲、以後の処理等の
有用性を向上できる。In addition to the above, propatool can be used as a hydrophilic solvent, and methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, methylene chloride, n-hexane, benzyl alcohol, etc. can be used as a hydrophobic solvent. The usefulness of processing etc. can be improved.
本発明の具体的な実施にあたっては、脱水液及び脱水汚
泥から混合溶剤を回収する必要があるが、脱水汚泥に含
まれる混合溶剤量は混合溶剤の種類によって異なる。従
って、混合溶剤の汚泥脱水効果は、脱水汚泥から混合溶
剤を気化などによって除去した後の汚泥含水率を測定す
ることによって、より明確に判定され得る。In the specific implementation of the present invention, it is necessary to recover the mixed solvent from the dewatered liquid and the dehydrated sludge, but the amount of the mixed solvent contained in the dehydrated sludge varies depending on the type of the mixed solvent. Therefore, the sludge dewatering effect of the mixed solvent can be determined more clearly by measuring the sludge water content after removing the mixed solvent from the dehydrated sludge by vaporization or the like.
本発明において、使用する混合溶剤量を減少させる一般
的な方法は、生物処理汚泥を予め適宜方法で濃縮してお
くことであるが、特別な方法の一つに濃縮汚泥に少量の
カオトロピックイオン（Ｉｏ４−１ＣＩ０４−１ＮＯ３
−など大きなイオン半径を有する陰イオン）を混合溶剤
と同時に作用させる手段がある。この手段によると汚泥
に対する混合溶剤の使用比率を少なくしながら、汚泥含
水率を低下させることができる。In the present invention, the general method for reducing the amount of mixed solvent used is to concentrate the biologically treated sludge in advance using an appropriate method, but one special method is to add a small amount of chaotropic ions ( Io4-1CI04-1NO3
There is a method of making anion (having a large ionic radius such as -) act simultaneously with a mixed solvent. According to this means, the water content of sludge can be lowered while reducing the ratio of mixed solvent to sludge.
一方、このような特定の薬剤を使用しないで、混合溶剤
の使用量を減じ、しかも汚泥脱水効果を向上させるため
には、下記のごとき本発明の要旨に従う方法が有効であ
る。On the other hand, in order to reduce the amount of mixed solvent used and improve the sludge dewatering effect without using such specific chemicals, the following method according to the gist of the present invention is effective.
（ａ） 前記した条件を満たす混合溶剤と汚泥の混ざ
った系を、大気温度にて空気、窒素などのガスにより５
〜１５ ｋｇ ／ Ｃｌ１１に加圧し、数分〜数十分保
った後に急速に元の大気圧に戻すと、大気圧下で操作を
行った場合より処理時間が２０％以上短縮可能となる。(a) A system containing a mixed solvent and sludge that satisfies the above conditions is heated at atmospheric temperature with a gas such as air or nitrogen for 55 minutes.
If the pressure is increased to ~15 kg/Cl11, maintained for several minutes to several tens of minutes, and then rapidly returned to the original atmospheric pressure, the processing time can be shortened by 20% or more compared to when the operation is performed under atmospheric pressure.
又、大気圧下での場合と同時間加圧下に保つと、汚泥に
対して同じ比率の混合溶剤の使用量で除脱し得る水分が
２０％以上向上する。Furthermore, if the sludge is kept under pressure for the same period of time as under atmospheric pressure, the amount of water that can be removed will increase by more than 20% with the same ratio of mixed solvent to sludge.
の） 混合溶剤と汚泥の混ざった系を、４０〜６０℃程
度まで加温すると、（ａ）に挙げた場合と同様の効果が
得られる。) When a system containing mixed solvent and sludge is heated to about 40 to 60°C, the same effect as mentioned in (a) can be obtained.
（Ｃ） さらに（ａ）（ｂ）を複合させた処理系で行
うと、各単独で処理操作を行った場合よりも細胞内水分
の除脱は２０％以上多くなる。(C) Furthermore, when (a) and (b) are performed in a combined treatment system, the amount of intracellular water removed is 20% or more greater than when each treatment is performed alone.
以上の（ａ） （ｂ） （ｃ）を通じて、２０ｋｇ／ｃ
＋ｆｌを超える加圧を行い、急激に大気圧に戻した場合
には、細胞の破壊が部分的に起こるため脱水性が悪くな
り、本発明の目的に反する結果となる。Through (a) (b) (c) above, 20kg/c
If pressurization exceeding +fl is applied and the pressure is rapidly returned to atmospheric pressure, the dehydration properties will deteriorate due to partial destruction of the cells, resulting in a result contrary to the purpose of the present invention.
以下、本発明の具体的な一実施例を示す。A specific embodiment of the present invention will be shown below.
都市下水処理場のばつ気槽への返送生物汚泥に凝集剤を
加えて遠心脱水し、汚泥の含水率を８２〜８４％とした
。次に第１表に示す混合溶剤をこの汚泥に添加した。こ
の場合、混合溶剤を汚泥に充分親和させる必要があるの
で、先づ水１部と混合溶剤１部とを混合し水分がエマル
ジョン化しない混合割合を確かめ、その上で凝集剤との
関連で混合溶剤が充分機能する値を選定した。その結果
が、第１表に示されており最大割合（上限値の混合割合
）とした混合溶剤を上記汚泥に加え、第２表に示す方法
で処理した。この処理に際し添加する凝集剤としては、
カチオン性高分子の各種グレードのものを選択して用い
た。この汚泥を取出し、ろ過圧縮装置により圧力３気圧
で４０分間再度圧縮脱水した。脱水後の汚泥ケーキは４
０’Ｃ〜６０″Ｃに保ち溶剤臭が消失するまで溶剤を気
化させた。本発明の混合溶剤は６０分以内で気化可能で
ある。溶剤を気化した後の含水率は第２表に示すとおり
である。第３表に従来例の方法及び処理結果を示すが、
この含水率に比較して本発明例では非常に低い含水率と
なっている。A flocculant was added to the biological sludge returned to the aeration tank of a city sewage treatment plant, and the sludge was centrifugally dehydrated to bring the moisture content of the sludge to 82 to 84%. Next, the mixed solvent shown in Table 1 was added to this sludge. In this case, it is necessary to make the mixed solvent sufficiently compatible with the sludge, so first mix 1 part water and 1 part mixed solvent to check the mixing ratio that does not cause water to become an emulsion, and then mix in relation to the flocculant. A value was selected that would allow the solvent to function satisfactorily. The results are shown in Table 1, and a mixed solvent at the maximum ratio (mixing ratio at the upper limit value) was added to the sludge and treated according to the method shown in Table 2. The flocculant added during this treatment is as follows:
Various grades of cationic polymers were selected and used. This sludge was taken out and compressed and dehydrated again at a pressure of 3 atmospheres for 40 minutes using a filtration compression device. The sludge cake after dehydration is 4
The temperature was maintained at 0'C to 60"C and the solvent was vaporized until the solvent odor disappeared. The mixed solvent of the present invention can be vaporized within 60 minutes. The moisture content after vaporizing the solvent is shown in Table 2. That's right.Table 3 shows the conventional method and processing results.
Compared to this water content, the example of the present invention has a very low water content.
第２表に示すように混合溶剤を使用し、加圧、加温或い
は加圧加温の併用処理を行うと、少い混合溶剤量で含水
率５０％以下となる汚泥の脱水処理が容易に達成できる
。脱水後の溶液及びケーキから混合溶剤を蒸留及び気化
により回収した結果は、回収率が平均して９０％を上ま
わった。As shown in Table 2, by using a mixed solvent and performing pressurization, heating, or a combination of pressurization and heating, it is easy to dewater sludge with a water content of 50% or less with a small amount of mixed solvent. It can be achieved. As a result of recovering the mixed solvent from the dehydrated solution and cake by distillation and vaporization, the recovery rate exceeded 90% on average.
さらにこの蒸留により混合溶剤を回収した後の残液のＣ
ＯＤを測定した結果の代表例を第２表に示したが、第３
表の接値と比較して本発明の混合溶剤は微生物細胞から
多量の有機物を溶出させていることがわかる。Furthermore, C of the residual liquid after recovering the mixed solvent by this distillation
Typical examples of the results of measuring OD are shown in Table 2.
It can be seen that the mixed solvent of the present invention elutes a large amount of organic matter from microbial cells compared to the values shown in the table.
第１表 実施例の混合溶剤
＝１４
第２表
本発明例の汚泥脱水処理
第３表
従来例の汚泥脱水処理
第２表及び第３表を通じて
※２：溶剤回収後の脱水液のＣＯＤ値（ＰＰＭ）である
。Table 1 Mixed solvent of Example = 14 Table 2 Sludge dewatering treatment of the invention example Table 3 Sludge dewatering treatment of conventional example Through Tables 2 and 3 *2: COD value of dehydrated liquid after solvent recovery ( PPM).
発明の効果：
本発明方法によれば、生物汚泥の脱水を効率よく行い、
すぐれた脱水性が得られる。従って、汚泥ケーキの取扱
いや、焼却などが容易となり産業上の利用性が大きい。Effects of the invention: According to the method of the present invention, biological sludge can be dehydrated efficiently,
Provides excellent dehydration properties. Therefore, the sludge cake can be easily handled and incinerated, and has great industrial applicability.
第１図は細胞構造を模型的に示した図である。 FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing the cell structure.
Claims (1)
し、溶剤を使用して脱水性を向上させるようにした脱水
方法において： 親水性溶剤と疎水性溶剤とを適宜割合で混 合してなる混合溶剤を汚泥に添加し； 混合溶剤が汚泥に対して親和性を有してい る状態で汚泥を構成する微生物の細胞膜を破壊し、混合
溶剤を細胞質内に侵入させ； 細胞質内水分を除脱させるとともに細胞質 内の有機物を溶出させることにより、汚泥の脱水性を向
上させる； ことを特徴とする溶剤による生物汚泥の脱 水方法。 ２ 請求項１に記載される諸操作を、加圧状態系、加温
状態系又は加圧加温状態系で行うようにしたことを特徴
とする溶剤による生物汚泥の脱水方法。 ３ 請求項２に記載される付加条件下における操作にお
いて、加圧状態系では急速に大気圧又は減圧状態に、加
温状態系では大気温度の状態にそれぞれ戻す操作を付加
して行うようにしたことを特徴とする溶剤による生物汚
泥の脱水方法。[Scope of Claims] 1. In a dewatering method that uses a solvent to improve dewatering performance during dewatering of sludge in wastewater treatment using microorganisms: A hydrophilic solvent and a hydrophobic solvent are mixed in an appropriate ratio. A mixed solvent is added to the sludge; The mixed solvent has an affinity for the sludge, and the cell membranes of the microorganisms that make up the sludge are destroyed, and the mixed solvent enters into the cytoplasm; The water in the cytoplasm is removed. A method for dewatering biological sludge using a solvent, characterized in that the dewatering properties of sludge are improved by eluting organic matter in the cytoplasm. 2. A method for dewatering biological sludge using a solvent, characterized in that the various operations described in claim 1 are performed in a pressurized state system, a heated state system, or a pressurized and heated state system. 3. In the operation under the additional conditions described in claim 2, an additional operation is performed to rapidly return the system to atmospheric pressure or reduced pressure in the pressurized system and to atmospheric temperature in the heated system. A method for dewatering biological sludge using a solvent, characterized by:
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63301445A JPH02149400A (en) | 1988-11-28 | 1988-11-28 | Dehydration of microbial sludge using solvent |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63301445A JPH02149400A (en) | 1988-11-28 | 1988-11-28 | Dehydration of microbial sludge using solvent |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH02149400A true JPH02149400A (en) | 1990-06-07 |
Family
ID=17896978
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63301445A Pending JPH02149400A (en) | 1988-11-28 | 1988-11-28 | Dehydration of microbial sludge using solvent |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH02149400A (en) |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5241208A (en) * | 1975-09-25 | 1977-03-30 | Kisaku Mori | Complete extraction of pharmaceutically active substances contained in mycelium and spores of "shiitake" |
| JPS53117679A (en) * | 1977-03-22 | 1978-10-14 | Ciba Geigy Ag | Method of finishing precipitation sludge to useful products |
| JPS57201600A (en) * | 1981-06-04 | 1982-12-10 | Kurita Water Ind Ltd | Treatment of organic sludge |
-
1988
- 1988-11-28 JP JP63301445A patent/JPH02149400A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5241208A (en) * | 1975-09-25 | 1977-03-30 | Kisaku Mori | Complete extraction of pharmaceutically active substances contained in mycelium and spores of "shiitake" |
| JPS53117679A (en) * | 1977-03-22 | 1978-10-14 | Ciba Geigy Ag | Method of finishing precipitation sludge to useful products |
| JPS57201600A (en) * | 1981-06-04 | 1982-12-10 | Kurita Water Ind Ltd | Treatment of organic sludge |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN109250855B (en) | Treatment method of leachate of hazardous waste landfill | |
| DE9218559U1 (en) | Device for the biological purification of waste water organically contaminated with biologically difficult or non-degradable ingredients | |
| CN101186423A (en) | Heat treatment-dehydration-fertilizer making method for town sewage and sludge | |
| CN105439386A (en) | Advanced treatment method and device of hazardous waste physical and chemical treatment unit | |
| CN108558101A (en) | Wastewater treatment method | |
| Rai et al. | Remediation of industrial effluents | |
| CN101486524A (en) | Comprehensive processing method for furfural production wastewater | |
| JPS6210720B2 (en) | ||
| CN106542630A (en) | Reduce mud discharging and recycle the PACT techniques of activated carbon | |
| JPH02149400A (en) | Dehydration of microbial sludge using solvent | |
| KR101967898B1 (en) | Dehydrating and drying method of sludge using chlorine dioxide and polar organic chemicals | |
| EP1870171A1 (en) | Method and apparatus for the disposal of vegetable water and olive residues | |
| JPH01218699A (en) | Treatment of excessive activated sludge | |
| RU2068811C1 (en) | Method of purifying waste water | |
| KR20230173997A (en) | Apparatus and Method for processing organic waste | |
| JPS6397298A (en) | Night soil treatment | |
| CA1149290A (en) | Method of treating waste water from fats-and-oils refining process | |
| JPS62244494A (en) | Treatment of excretion | |
| EP0293374B1 (en) | Effluent treatment | |
| JP3197121B2 (en) | Sludge concentration method | |
| JPS61293600A (en) | Dewatering method for sludge by screw press | |
| JPH0418994A (en) | Treatment of organic waste water | |
| Yimrattanabavorn et al. | Combination coagulation and adsorption processes for treating textile wastewater in household industry | |
| JP2514676B2 (en) | Treatment method of organic waste liquid | |
| JPS59397A (en) | Treatment of effluent from heat-treated sludge |