JP6811010B2 - 樹脂に添加されるフィラー、樹脂材料とその弾性率を調整する方法および製造方法 - Google Patents
樹脂に添加されるフィラー、樹脂材料とその弾性率を調整する方法および製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6811010B2 JP6811010B2 JP2015210163A JP2015210163A JP6811010B2 JP 6811010 B2 JP6811010 B2 JP 6811010B2 JP 2015210163 A JP2015210163 A JP 2015210163A JP 2015210163 A JP2015210163 A JP 2015210163A JP 6811010 B2 JP6811010 B2 JP 6811010B2
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- IKGXIBQEEMLURG-BKUODXTLSA-N rutin Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](C)O[C@@H]1OC[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](OC=2C(C3=C(O)C=C(O)C=C3OC=2C=2C=C(O)C(O)=CC=2)=O)O1 IKGXIBQEEMLURG-BKUODXTLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ALABRVAAKCSLSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N rutin Natural products CC1OC(OCC2OC(O)C(O)C(O)C2O)C(O)C(O)C1OC3=C(Oc4cc(O)cc(O)c4C3=O)c5ccc(O)c(O)c5 ALABRVAAKCSLSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004555 rutoside Drugs 0.000 description 1
- CVHZOJJKTDOEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N saccharin Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C2=C1 CVHZOJJKTDOEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019204 saccharin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940081974 saccharin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000901 saccharin and its Na,K and Ca salt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229930195734 saturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229910052624 sepiolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019355 sepiolite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000077 silane Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010944 silver (metal) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001923 silver oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940080237 sodium caseinate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium citrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 235000010199 sorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003398 sorbic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- SFVFIFLLYFPGHH-UHFFFAOYSA-M stearalkonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 SFVFIFLLYFPGHH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940033123 tannic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000015523 tannic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002258 tannic acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-NRMVVENXSA-N tannic acid Chemical compound OC1=C(O)C(O)=CC(C(=O)OC=2C(=C(O)C=C(C=2)C(=O)OC[C@@H]2[C@H]([C@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)O2)OC(=O)C=2C=C(OC(=O)C=3C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=3)C(O)=C(O)C=2)O)=C1 LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-NRMVVENXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001936 tantalum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000010491 tara gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000213 tara gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940095064 tartrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940116411 terpineol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- YBRBMKDOPFTVDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butylamine Chemical compound CC(C)(C)N YBRBMKDOPFTVDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VRMLAAZCMTWSHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecane-1,14-dithiol Chemical compound SCCCCCCCCCCCCCCS VRMLAAZCMTWSHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GEKDEMKPCKTKEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecane-1-thiol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCS GEKDEMKPCKTKEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N tetradecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC[14C](O)=O TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylenepentamine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCNCCN FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QBVXKDJEZKEASM-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetraoctylammonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCCC[N+](CCCCCCCC)(CCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCC QBVXKDJEZKEASM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- SNNIPOQLGBPXPS-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetraoctylazanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCC[N+](CCCCCCCC)(CCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCC SNNIPOQLGBPXPS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940026510 theanine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011721 thiamine Substances 0.000 description 1
- KYMBYSLLVAOCFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiamine Chemical compound CC1=C(CCO)SCN1CC1=CN=C(C)N=C1N KYMBYSLLVAOCFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019157 thiamine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960003495 thiamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003553 thiiranes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NJRXVEJTAYWCQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiomalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(S)C(O)=O NJRXVEJTAYWCQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZCUFMDLYAMJYST-UHFFFAOYSA-N thorium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Th]=O ZCUFMDLYAMJYST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003452 thorium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010384 tocopherol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960001295 tocopherol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930003799 tocopherol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000011732 tocopherol Substances 0.000 description 1
- QURCVMIEKCOAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-isoferulic acid Natural products COC1=CC=C(C=CC(O)=O)C=C1O QURCVMIEKCOAJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BNOPYGRAXZULSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N tri(tetradecyl)phosphane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCP(CCCCCCCCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCCCCCCCC BNOPYGRAXZULSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TUQOTMZNTHZOKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylphosphine Chemical compound CCCCP(CCCC)CCCC TUQOTMZNTHZOKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WLPUWLXVBWGYMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tricyclohexylphosphine Chemical compound C1CCCCC1P(C1CCCCC1)C1CCCCC1 WLPUWLXVBWGYMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MOSFSEPBWRXKJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tridecylphosphane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCP MOSFSEPBWRXKJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRAKJTASWCEOQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N tridodecylphosphane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCP(CCCCCCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCCCCCC GRAKJTASWCEOQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RXJKFRMDXUJTEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylphosphine Chemical compound CCP(CC)CC RXJKFRMDXUJTEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FPZZZGJWXOHLDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trihexylphosphane Chemical compound CCCCCCP(CCCCCC)CCCCCC FPZZZGJWXOHLDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IGNTWNVBGLNYDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N triisopropylphosphine Chemical compound CC(C)P(C(C)C)C(C)C IGNTWNVBGLNYDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UWSYCPWEBZRZNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CC(C)CC(C)(C)C UWSYCPWEBZRZNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XYJRNCYWTVGEEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(2-methylpropyl)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CC(C)C XYJRNCYWTVGEEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JLGNHOJUQFHYEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCC(F)(F)F JLGNHOJUQFHYEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HILHCDFHSDUYNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(pentyl)silane Chemical compound CCCCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC HILHCDFHSDUYNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZNOCGWVLWPVKAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(phenyl)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZNOCGWVLWPVKAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFRDHGNFBLIJIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(prop-2-enyl)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CC=C LFRDHGNFBLIJIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LGROXJWYRXANBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(propan-2-yl)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)C(C)C LGROXJWYRXANBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HQYALQRYBUJWDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(propyl)silane Chemical compound CCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC HQYALQRYBUJWDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATBYFXZUTXZYMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-[3-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenyl)propyl]silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCCC1=C(F)C(F)=C(F)C(F)=C1F ATBYFXZUTXZYMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YUYCVXFAYWRXLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxysilane Chemical compound CO[SiH](OC)OC YUYCVXFAYWRXLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SZEMGTQCPRNXEG-UHFFFAOYSA-M trimethyl(octadecyl)azanium;bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C SZEMGTQCPRNXEG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- AQZSPJRLCJSOED-UHFFFAOYSA-M trimethyl(octyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C AQZSPJRLCJSOED-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- KJFAJLYXKTVJDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N trioctadecylphosphane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCP(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC KJFAJLYXKTVJDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RMZAYIKUYWXQPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N trioctylphosphane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCP(CCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCC RMZAYIKUYWXQPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PHYFQTYBJUILEZ-IUPFWZBJSA-N triolein Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC PHYFQTYBJUILEZ-IUPFWZBJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KCTAHLRCZMOTKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripropylphosphane Chemical compound CCCP(CCC)CCC KCTAHLRCZMOTKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BIKXLKXABVUSMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trizinc;diborate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]B([O-])[O-].[O-]B([O-])[O-] BIKXLKXABVUSMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004799 tryptophan Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910001930 tungsten oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OUYCCCASQSFEME-UHFFFAOYSA-N tyrosine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 OUYCCCASQSFEME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004441 tyrosine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- QFKMMXYLAPZKIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N undecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCN QFKMMXYLAPZKIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ODMTYGIDMVZUER-UHFFFAOYSA-N undecane-1,11-dithiol Chemical compound SCCCCCCCCCCCS ODMTYGIDMVZUER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CCIDWXHLGNEQSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N undecane-1-thiol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCS CCIDWXHLGNEQSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KJIOQYGWTQBHNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N undecanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCO KJIOQYGWTQBHNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930195735 unsaturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229920006305 unsaturated polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940070710 valerate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric acid Chemical compound CCCCC(O)=O NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004474 valine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960004295 valine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910001935 vanadium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MWOOGOJBHIARFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanillin Chemical compound COC1=CC(C=O)=CC=C1O MWOOGOJBHIARFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012141 vanillin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- FGQOOHJZONJGDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanillin Natural products COC1=CC(O)=CC(C=O)=C1 FGQOOHJZONJGDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010456 wollastonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052882 wollastonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001285 xanthan gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000010493 xanthan gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000230 xanthan gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940082509 xanthan gum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000811 xylitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010447 xylitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N xylitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO HEBKCHPVOIAQTA-SCDXWVJYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002675 xylitol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011667 zinc carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000004416 zinc carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000010 zinc carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- UHVMMEOXYDMDKI-JKYCWFKZSA-L zinc;1-(5-cyanopyridin-2-yl)-3-[(1s,2s)-2-(6-fluoro-2-hydroxy-3-propanoylphenyl)cyclopropyl]urea;diacetate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C([C@H]2[C@H](C2)NC(=O)NC=2N=CC(=CC=2)C#N)=C1O UHVMMEOXYDMDKI-JKYCWFKZSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-IEOSBIPESA-N α-tocopherol Chemical compound OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2O[C@@](CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-IEOSBIPESA-N 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Description
予め、表面処理剤の分子量と、樹脂材料の弾性率との、分子量の低下に伴い弾性率が単調増加する傾向を示す検量線のデータを取得し、コンピュータの記憶手段に格納する工程;
前記記憶手段に格納された検量線のデータに基づいて、目的とする弾性率に対応する表面処理剤の分子量を決定する工程;および、
決定された分子量の表面処理剤を表面に有する微粒子を、フィラーとして樹脂に添加し樹脂材料を製造する工程。
(A) (CH2)nCOOHまたはその塩、あるいは対応するカルボキシレートイオン(nは0〜3の整数を示す。)
(B) (CH2)nOHまたはその塩、あるいは対応するアルコキシドイオン(nは0〜3の整数を示す。)
(C)炭素数1〜20の飽和または不飽和の炭化水素基
上記のような低分子化合物の表面処理剤の他、カルボキシル基、カルボキシレート基、アミノ基、水酸基、チオール基、ホスフィノ基、カルボニル基、アルデヒド基、エステル基、ケトン基、尿素基、カルバミン酸基、ジチオカルバミン酸基、ジチオカルボン酸基、ニトロ基、スルホン酸基、スルホキシド基、リン酸基、ホスホン酸基等の官能基を持つ高分子表面処理剤も使用することができる。
(C) 決定された分子量の表面処理剤を表面に有する微粒子を、フィラーとして樹脂に添加し樹脂材料を製造する工程
1.金属微粒子の合成
以下の実施例において使用した金属微粒子の代表的な合成例は次のとおりである。
<合成例1>
(1)化合物1の合成
下記式で表される化合物1を合成した。
赤外線吸収スペクトル2291cm-1:N≡N+伸縮振動、1728cm-1:C=O伸縮振動、808cm-1:C−H面外変角振動
(2)金ナノ粒子の合成
テトラクロロ金(III)酸四水和物(1.00g、2.43mmol)をイオン交換水(99.5mL)に溶解させ、N2を15分間フローし、脱気した。N2雰囲気下、化合物1(0.573g、2.43mmol)を加え、5分間攪拌させた後、イオン交換水80.5mLで溶解させた水素化ホウ素ナトリウム(0.0459g、1.21mmol)を5〜10℃、2時間で滴下した。滴下後、1時間攪拌し、紫色分散液が得られた。得られた分散液をろ過、遠心分離、水洗、溶剤洗浄等で精製し、イオン交換水で濃度調整することにより、金含有量50g/Lの黒紫色水分散液が得られた。金ナノ粒子の平均粒径は透過型電子顕微鏡(日立製作所製、H-7500)を用いて求めた。
紫外−可視吸収スペクトルのピーク波長550nm、平均粒径19nm
テトラクロロ金(III)酸四水和物(0.042g、0.102mmol)をイオン交換水(25.0mL)に溶解させ、N2を15分間フローし、脱気した。N2雰囲気下、相間移動触媒としてテトラ-n-オクチルアンモニウムブロミド(0.131g、0.240mmol)を溶解したトルエン溶液(25.0mL)を加え、1時間攪拌した。さらに、n−オクチルアミン(0.143g、1.106mmol)を溶解したトルエン溶液(25.0mL)を加え、5分間攪拌した。イオン交換水25.0mLで溶解させた水素化ホウ素ナトリウム(0.059g、1.560mmol)を室温下、30分で滴下した。滴下後、24時間攪拌し、トルエン層を分取することにより、金ナノ粒子が分散した紫色分散液が得られた。得られたトルエン分散液をろ過、遠心分離、水洗、溶剤洗浄等で精製し、トルエンで濃度調整することにより、金含有量10g/Lの紫色分散液が得られた。金ナノ粒子の平均粒径は紫外−可視分光光度計(日本分光製、V-550)を用いて測定した表面プラズモン共鳴のピーク波長から、J. Phys. Chem. C 2007, 111, 14664-14669記載の計算式をもとに算出した。
紫外−可視吸収スペクトルのピーク波長527nm、平均粒径38nm
(1)化合物2の合成
下記式で表される化合物2を合成した。
赤外線吸収スペクトル2917cm-1:C−H伸縮振動、2847cm-1:C−H伸縮振動、2297cm-1:N≡N+伸縮振動、820cm-1:C−H面外変角振動
(2)金ナノ粒子の合成
テトラクロロ金(III)酸四水和物(0.209g、0.507mmol)をイオン交換水(16.0mL)に溶解させ、N2を15分間フローし、脱気した。N2雰囲気下、化合物2(0.337g、1.014mmol)を溶解したトルエン溶液(30.0mL)を加え、2時間攪拌させた後、トルエン層を分取し、水洗を2回行った。イオン交換水8.0mLで溶解させた水素化ホウ素ナトリウム(0.0461g、1.219mmol)を室温下、40分で滴下した。滴下後、1時間攪拌し、トルエン層を分取することにより、金ナノ粒子が分散した紫色分散液が得られた。得られたトルエン分散液をろ過、遠心分離、水洗、溶剤洗浄等で精製し、トルエンで濃度調整することにより、金含有量10g/Lの紫色分散液が得られた。金ナノ粒子の平均粒径は紫外−可視分光光度計(日本分光製、V-550)を用いて測定した表面プラズモン共鳴のピーク波長から、J. Phys. Chem. C 2007, 111, 14664-14669記載の計算式をもとに算出した。
紫外−可視吸収スペクトルのピーク波長535nm、平均粒径55nm
テトラクロロ金(III)酸四水和物(0.264g、0.641mmol)をイオン交換水(1490mL)に溶解させ、N2を30分間フローし、脱気した。N2雰囲気下、0.2Mクエン酸ナトリウム水溶液59.6mLを室温下、30分で滴下した。滴下後、80℃で25分攪拌することにより、紫色分散液が得られた。得られた分散液をろ過、遠心分離、水洗、溶剤洗浄等で精製し、イオン交換水で濃度調整することにより、金含有量10g/Lの紫色水分散液が得られた。金ナノ粒子の平均粒径は透過型電子顕微鏡(日立製作所製、H-7500)を用いて求めた。
紫外−可視吸収スペクトルのピーク波長529nm、平均粒径15nm
テトラクロロ金(III)酸四水和物(0.333g、0.809mmol)をイオン交換水(770mL)に溶解させ、N2を15分間フローし、脱気した。N2雰囲気下、ポリアクリル酸ナトリウム(アルドリッチ社製、分子量〜5100、0.228g)を加え、30分間攪拌させた後、エタノール100mLで溶解させた水素化ホウ素ナトリウム(0.0038g、0.100mmol)を室温下、80分で滴下した。滴下後、1時間攪拌し、紫色分散液が得られた。得られた分散液をろ過、遠心分離、水洗、溶剤洗浄等で精製し、イオン交換水で濃度調整することにより、金含有量10g/Lの紫色水分散液が得られた。金ナノ粒子の平均粒径は紫外−可視分光光度計(日本分光製、V-550)を用いて測定した表面プラズモン共鳴のピーク波長から、J. Phys. Chem. C 2007, 111, 14664-14669記載の計算式をもとに算出した。
紫外−可視吸収スペクトルのピーク波長536nm、平均粒径57nm
テトラクロロ金(III)酸四水和物(1.00g、2.43mmol)をイオン交換水(2427mL)に溶解させ、N2を30分間フローし、脱気した。N2雰囲気下、ポリビニルピロリドン(和光純薬株式会社製、分子量約40000、0.808g)を加え、30分間攪拌させた後、エタノール303mLで溶解させた水素化ホウ素ナトリウム(0.0114g、0.301mmol)を室温下、80分で滴下した。滴下後、1時間攪拌し、紫色分散液が得られた。得られた分散液をろ過、遠心分離、水洗、溶剤洗浄等で精製し、イオン交換水で濃度調整することにより、金含有量10g/Lの紫色水分散液が得られた。金ナノ粒子の平均粒径は透過型電子顕微鏡(日立製作所製、H-7500)を用いて求めた。
紫外−可視吸収スペクトルのピーク波長537nm、平均粒径37nm
テトラクロロ金(III)酸四水和物(0.314g、0.762mmol)をイオン交換水(765mL)に溶解させ、N2を20分間フローし、脱気した。N2雰囲気下、カルボキシメチルセルロースナトリウム(関東化学株式会社製、分子量90000、0.3068g)を加え、30分間攪拌させた後、エタノール94mLで溶解させた水素化ホウ素ナトリウム(0.0036g、0.0952mmol)を室温下、120分で滴下した。滴下後、1時間攪拌し、紫色分散液が得られた。得られた分散液をろ過、遠心分離、水洗、溶剤洗浄等で精製し、イオン交換水で濃度調整することにより、金含有量10g/Lの紫色水分散液が得られた。金ナノ粒子の平均粒径は紫外−可視分光光度計(日本分光製、V-550)を用いて測定した表面プラズモン共鳴のピーク波長から、J. Phys. Chem. C 2007, 111, 14664-14669記載の計算式をもとに算出した。
紫外−可視吸収スペクトルのピーク波長540nm、平均粒径64nm
硝酸銀(0.2592g、1.53mmol)をイオン交換水(150mL)に溶解させ、N2を20分間フローし、脱気した。N2雰囲気下、化合物1(0.108g、0.458mmol)を加え、5分間攪拌させた後、イオン交換水45mLで溶解させた水素化ホウ素ナトリウム(0.0058g、0.153mmol)を5〜10℃、2時間で滴下した。滴下後、1時間攪拌し、黒黄色分散液が得られた。得られた分散液をろ過、遠心分離、水洗、溶剤洗浄等で精製し、イオン交換水で濃度調整することにより、銀含有量10g/Lの黒黄色水分散液が得られた。銀ナノ粒子の平均粒径は透過型電子顕微鏡(TEM)を用いて求めた。
紫外−可視吸収スペクトルのピーク波長420nm、平均粒径16nm
硝酸銅(II)三水和物(1.20g、4.97mmol)をイオン交換水(400mL)に溶解させ、N2を20分間フローし、脱気した。N2雰囲気下、化合物1(0.35g、1.48mmol)を加え、5分間攪拌させた後、イオン交換水100mLで溶解させた水素化ホウ素ナトリウム(0.094g、2.48mmol)を室温下、2時間で滴下した。滴下後、1時間攪拌し、黒黄色分散液が得られた。得られた分散液をろ過、遠心分離、水洗、溶剤洗浄等で精製し、イオン交換水で濃度調整することにより、銅含有量10g/Lの黒黄色水分散液が得られた。銅ナノ粒子の平均粒径は粒径測定システム(大塚電子製、ELSZ-2)を用いて求めた。
紫外−可視吸収スペクトルのピーク波長261nm、268nm、平均粒径377nm
ヘキサクロロ白金(IV)酸六水和物(0.344g、0.664mmol)をイオン交換水(500mL)に溶解させ、N2を10分間フローし、脱気した。N2雰囲気下、ポリビニルピロリドン(和光純薬株式会社製、分子量約40000、2.934g)を加え、30分間攪拌させた後、エタノール500mLを加え、N2雰囲気下を保ちながら、100℃、2時間攪拌し、黒色分散液が得られた。得られた分散液をろ過、遠心分離、水洗、溶剤洗浄等で精製し、イオン交換水で濃度調整することにより、白金含有量10g/Lの黒色水分散液が得られた。白金ナノ粒子の平均粒径は透過型電子顕微鏡(日立製作所製、H-7500)を用いて求めた。
紫外−可視吸収スペクトルのピーク波長249nm、平均粒径7nm
テトラクロロ金(III)酸四水和物(0.314g、0.762mmol)をイオン交換水(765mL)に溶解させ、N2を20分間フローし、脱気した。N2雰囲気下、カルボキシメチルセルロースナトリウム(和光純薬株式会社製、分子量100000〜110000、0.3068g)を加え、30分間攪拌させた後、エタノール94mLで溶解させた水素化ホウ素ナトリウム(0.0036g、0.0952mmol)を室温下、120分で滴下した。滴下後、1時間攪拌し、紫色分散液が得られた。得られた分散液をろ過、遠心分離、水洗、溶剤洗浄等で精製し、イオン交換水で濃度調整することにより、金含有量10g/Lの紫色水分散液が得られた。金ナノ粒子の平均粒径は紫外−可視分光光度計(日本分光製、V-550)を用いて測定した表面プラズモン共鳴のピーク波長から、J. Phys. Chem. C 2007, 111, 14664-14669記載の計算式をもとに算出した。
紫外−可視吸収スペクトルのピーク波長537nm、平均粒径59nm
テトラクロロ金(III)酸四水和物(0.209g、0.507mmol)をイオン交換水(32mL)に溶解させ、N2を15分間フローし、脱気した。N2雰囲気下、ポリアクリル酸ナトリウム(和光純薬工業株式会社製、分子量約250000〜700000、0.239g)を加え、30分間攪拌させた後、エタノール63mLで溶解させた水素化ホウ素ナトリウム(0.0024g、0.063mmol)を室温下、80分で滴下した。滴下後、1時間攪拌し、紫色分散液が得られた。得られた分散液をろ過、遠心分離、水洗、溶剤洗浄等で精製し、イオン交換水で濃度調整することにより、金含有量10g/Lの紫色水分散液が得られた。金ナノ粒子の平均粒径は紫外−可視分光光度計(日本分光製、V-550)を用いて測定した表面プラズモン共鳴のピーク波長から、J. Phys. Chem. C 2007, 111, 14664-14669記載の計算式をもとに算出した。
紫外−可視吸収スペクトルのピーク波長535nm、平均粒径55nm
テトラクロロ金(III)酸四水和物(0.209g、0.507mmol)をイオン交換水(32mL)に溶解させ、N2を15分間フローし、脱気した。N2雰囲気下、ポリアクリル酸ナトリウム(和光純薬工業株式会社製、分子量約2820000〜3760000、0.239g)を加え、30分間攪拌させた後、エタノール63mLで溶解させた水素化ホウ素ナトリウム(0.0024g、0.063mmol)を室温下、80分で滴下した。滴下後、1時間攪拌し、紫色分散液が得られた。得られた分散液をろ過、遠心分離、水洗、溶剤洗浄等で精製し、イオン交換水で濃度調整することにより、金含有量10g/Lの紫色水分散液が得られた。金ナノ粒子の平均粒径は紫外−可視分光光度計(日本分光製、V-550)を用いて測定した表面プラズモン共鳴のピーク波長から、J. Phys. Chem. C 2007, 111, 14664-14669記載の計算式をもとに算出した。
紫外−可視吸収スペクトルのピーク波長540nm、平均粒径64nm
硝酸銀(3.935g、23.16mmol)をイオン交換水(1150mL)に溶解させ、N2を10分間フローし、脱気した。N2雰囲気下、ポリアクリル酸ナトリウム(アルドリッチ社製、分子量〜5100、1.090g)を加え、20分間攪拌させた後、イオン交換水170mLで溶解させた水素化ホウ素ナトリウム(0.1313g、3.471mmol)を5〜10℃、40分で滴下した。滴下後、30分攪拌し、黒黄色分散液が得られた。得られた分散液をろ過、遠心分離、水洗、溶剤洗浄等で精製し、イオン交換水で濃度調整することにより、銀含有量50g/Lの黒黄色水分散液が得られた。銀ナノ粒子の平均粒径は粒径測定システム(大塚電子製、ELSZ-2)を用いて求めた。
紫外−可視吸収スペクトルのピーク波長434nm、平均粒径205nm
酸化銀(12.80g、55.23mmol)をエタノール(1445mL)に溶解させ、N2を30分間フローし、脱気した。N2雰囲気下、ポリビニルピロリドン(和光純薬株式会社製、分子量約40000、4.80g)を加え、20分間攪拌させた後、80〜90℃、30分間攪拌し、黒色分散液が得られた。得られた分散液をろ過、遠心分離、水洗、溶剤洗浄等で精製し、イオン交換水で濃度調整することにより、銀含有量50g/Lの黒色水分散液が得られた。銀ナノ粒子の平均粒径は粒径測定システム(大塚電子製、ELSZ-2)を用いて求めた。
紫外−可視吸収スペクトルのピーク波長401nm、平均粒径255nm
粒径5〜20μmのシリカ微粒子(和光純薬株式会社製、ワコーゲル C-500HG、5.00g)をメタノール(127mL)に加えて分散させたところに、28%アンモニア水溶液(5.10g)を加え、40℃、1時間攪拌した。n−オクチルトリメトキシシラン(シリカ微粒子表面に結合した際の分子量173、0.360g)をメタノール(9.1mL)に溶解し、pH4の塩酸水溶液(0.083g)を加え、1時間攪拌することにより、加水分解した後、シリカ微粒子のメタノール分散液に室温下、1時間で滴下した。滴下後、40℃、24時間攪拌した後、ろ過、遠心分離、水洗、溶剤洗浄等で精製した後、乾燥させ脱水させることにより、n−オクチルトリメトキシシランが表面に結合したシリカ微粒子を得た。得られたシリカ微粒子の赤外線吸収スペクトルを測定した結果、メチレン基由来の伸縮振動が確認されたことから、n−オクチルトリメトキシシランによって表面が被覆されたシリカ微粒子であることを確認した。
赤外線吸収スペクトル 2937cm-1:C-H伸縮振動、2863cm-1:C-H伸縮振動
粒径5〜20μmのシリカ微粒子(和光純薬株式会社製、ワコーゲル C-500HG、5.00g)をメタノール(127mL)に加えて分散させたところに、28%アンモニア水溶液(5.10g)を加え、40℃、1時間攪拌した。n−オクタデシルトリメトキシシラン(シリカ微粒子表面に結合した際の分子量314、0.575g)をメタノール(14.6mL)に溶解し、pH4の塩酸水溶液(0.083g)を加え、1時間攪拌することにより、加水分解した後、シリカ微粒子のメタノール分散液に室温下、1時間で滴下した。滴下後、40℃、24時間攪拌した後、ろ過、遠心分離、水洗、溶剤洗浄等で精製した後、乾燥させ脱水させることにより、n−オクタデシルトリメトキシシランが表面に結合したシリカ微粒子を得た。得られたシリカ微粒子の赤外線吸収スペクトルを測定した結果、メチレン基由来の伸縮振動が確認されたことから、n−オクタデシルトリメトキシシランによって表面が被覆されたシリカ微粒子であることを確認した。
赤外線吸収スペクトル 2928cm-1:C-H伸縮振動、2855cm-1:C-H伸縮振動
粒径5〜20μmのシリカ微粒子(和光純薬株式会社製、ワコーゲル C-500HG、5.00g)をメタノール(127mL)に加えて分散させたところに、28%アンモニア水溶液(5.10g)を加え、40℃、1時間攪拌した。メタノール(30mL)に溶解したポリアクリル酸ナトリウム(アルドリッチ社製、分子量〜5100、1.090g)をシリカ微粒子のメタノール分散液に室温下、1時間で滴下した。滴下後、40℃、24時間攪拌した後、ろ過、遠心分離、水洗、溶剤洗浄等で精製した後、乾燥させることにより、シリカ微粒子を得た。
粒径5〜20μmのシリカ微粒子(和光純薬株式会社製、ワコーゲル C-500HG、5.00g)をメタノール(127mL)に加えて分散させたところに、28%アンモニア水溶液(5.10g)を加え、40℃、1時間攪拌した。メタノール(30mL)に溶解したポリビニルピロリドン(和光純薬株式会社製、分子量約40000、1.200g)シリカ微粒子のメタノール分散液に室温下、1時間で滴下した。滴下後、40℃、24時間攪拌した後、ろ過、遠心分離、水洗、溶剤洗浄等で精製した後、乾燥させることにより、シリカ微粒子を得た。
弾性率の増加率(%)は、各実施例のフィラーを添加した樹脂材料の弾性率と各比較例(比較例1、比較例5、比較例6)のフィラーを添加していない樹脂の弾性率から、下記式により算出した。
弾性率の増加率(%)=(フィラーを添加した樹脂材料の弾性率-フィラーを添加していない樹脂の弾性率)/フィラーを添加していない樹脂の弾性率×100
合成例1〜10の各金属ナノ粒子分散液をろ過、遠心分離、減圧留去、減圧乾燥等の操作を行なうことにより、金属ナノ粒子の乾燥微粒子を得た。組成物Iとして、Bis-GMA(ビスフェノールA・グリシジルメタクリル酸)30質量%、TEDMA(トリエチレングリコールジメタクリレート)70質量%、BPO(過酸化ベンゾイル)1質量%を混合したところに、得られた各金属ナノ粒子の乾粉微粒子をフィラーとして5質量%添加した。また、組成物IIとして、Bis-GMA 30質量%、TEDMA 70質量%、DMPT(N,N-ジメチル-p-トルイジン)0.5質量%を混合した。熱機械分析装置(TMA)用サンプルパン内で組成物IおよびIIを1:1(質量%)の比率で混合した後、窒素雰囲気下、23℃、30分で硬化させ、フィラー(金属ナノ粒子)を含有するメタクリル樹脂を作製した。硬化したメタクリル樹脂について、TMA(セイコーインスツルメンツ製、TMA/SS6200)を用いて、25℃、0〜1400mN、100mN/min条件で測定を行ない、得られた応力・歪曲線から弾性率を求めた。結果を表1に示す。
比較例1では金属ナノ粒子の乾粉微粒子を添加せず、比較例2では合成例11の金ナノ粒子、比較例3では合成例12の金ナノ粒子、比較例4では合成例13の金ナノ粒子を用いた以外は実施例1〜10と同様にして、メタクリル樹脂を作製し、弾性率測定を行なった。結果を表1に示す。
合成例8および14〜15の各銀ナノ粒子分散液をろ過、遠心分離、減圧留去、減圧乾燥等の操作を行なうことにより、銀ナノ粒子の乾燥微粒子を得た。ポリ塩化ビニリデン0.2gにテトラヒドロフラン0.8gを加えて溶解したところに、得られた乾燥微粒子をポリ塩化ビニリデンに対してフィラー添加濃度が5または10質量%になるように加え、分散した。得られた分散液をガラスシャーレに分注した後、40℃で乾燥しながら溶媒を除去することにより、フィラーとして銀ナノ粒子を添加したポリ塩化ビニリデン樹脂を作製した。作製したポリ塩化ビニリデン樹脂について、TMA(セイコーインスツルメンツ製、TMA/SS6200)を用いて、25℃、0〜1400mN、100mN/min条件で測定を行ない、得られた応力・歪曲線から弾性率を求めた。結果を表2に示す。
銀ナノ粒子の乾粉微粒子を添加しなかったこと以外は実施例11〜16と同様にして、ポリ塩化ビニリデン樹脂を作製し、弾性率測定を行った。結果を表2に示す。
合成例6のポリビニルピロリドンを表面処理剤とする金ナノ粒子について、得られた分散液をろ過、遠心分離、水洗、溶剤洗浄等で精製した後、ろ過、遠心分離、減圧留去、減圧乾燥等の操作を行なうことにより、金ナノ粒子中の微粒子:表面処理剤の質量比が異なる金ナノ粒子の乾燥微粒子を得た。得られた各金ナノ粒子を実施例6と同様にメタクリル樹脂組成物に添加し、硬化したサンプルについて、TMA(セイコーインスツルメンツ製、TMA/SS6200)を用いて、25℃、0〜1400mN、100mN/min条件で測定を行ない、得られた応力・歪曲線から弾性率を求めた。結果を表3に示す。
ポリスチレン0.4gにテトラヒドロフラン1.6gを加えて溶解したところに、合成例16〜19の各シリカ微粒子をポリスチレン樹脂に対してシリカを含むフィラーの添加濃度が5質量%になるように加え、分散した。得られた分散液をガラスシャーレに分注した後、40℃で乾燥しながら溶媒を除去することにより、フィラーとしてシリカ微粒子を添加したポリスチレン樹脂を作製した。作製したポリスチレン樹脂について、TMA(セイコーインスツルメンツ製、TMA/SS6200)を用いて、25℃、0〜1400mN、100mN/min条件で測定を行ない、得られた応力・歪曲線から弾性率を求めた。結果を表4に示す。
シリカ微粒子のフィラーを添加しなかったこと以外は実施例22〜25と同様にして、ポリスチレン樹脂を作製し、弾性率測定を行なった。結果を表4に示す。
<実施例26〜31>
実施例11〜16と同様に、フィラーとして銀ナノ粒子を添加したポリ塩化ビニリデン樹脂を作製し、静菌活性値を測定することにより抗菌性を判定した。具体的には菌株として黄色ブドウ球菌(Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus NBRC 12732)を用いて、普通ブイヨン培地で生菌数2.5×104個/mLに調整した菌液0.1mLを作製したポリ塩化ビニリデン樹脂(1cm×1cm)に接種し37℃で18時間培養した。生理食塩水で菌を洗い出した後、希釈系列を作製し、生菌数をカウントして静菌活性値を求めた。静菌活性値は下記の式により算出し、抗菌性の指標として静菌活性値2.2以上を抗菌性有と判定した。その結果を表5に示す。
静菌活性値=log[18時間後のコントロールの生菌数]−log[18時間後の各サンプルの生菌数]
<実施例32〜37>
フィラー添加濃度を20または50質量%に変えた以外は、実施例11〜16と同様に、フィラーとして銀ナノ粒子を添加したポリ塩化ビニリデン樹脂を作製し、表面抵抗計(三菱化学アナリテック製、ロレスタGP)を用いて測定することにより、表面抵抗値を求めた。その結果を表6に示す。
銀ナノ粒子を添加しなかったこと以外は実施例32〜37と同様にして、ポリ塩化ビニリデン樹脂の表面抵抗値を求めた。その結果を表6に示す。
Claims (6)
- 樹脂に添加されるフィラーであって、
表面に表面処理剤(但し、シランカップリング剤、金属系カップリング剤、脂肪酸を除く。)を有する微粒子であり、
前記表面処理剤の分子量が100000未満であり、
前記表面処理剤は、微粒子に共有、配位または水素結合する官能基を持つ低分子化合物、高分子または界面活性剤であり、
前記微粒子の粒径が1nm以上1mm未満であり、
前記微粒子と前記表面処理剤との質量比(微粒子/表面処理剤)が55/45以上である
フィラー。 - 前記表面処理剤は微粒子に共有結合する化合物である請求項1に記載のフィラー。
- 請求項1または2に記載のフィラーを含有する樹脂材料。
- 樹脂にフィラーを添加したことによる弾性率の増加率が1%以上である請求項3に記載の樹脂材料。
- 分子量100000未満の表面処理剤を表面に有する微粒子をフィラーとして樹脂に添加する際に、表面処理剤の分子量の調整すること、および/または、微粒子と表面処理剤の質量比(微粒子/表面処理剤)を55/45以上に調整することにより、樹脂材料の弾性率を調整する方法。
- 分子量100000未満の表面処理剤を表面に有する微粒子をフィラーとして樹脂に添加した樹脂材料の製造方法であって、以下の工程を含む、樹脂材料の製造方法:
予め、表面処理剤の分子量と、樹脂材料の弾性率との、分子量の低下に伴い弾性率が単調増加する傾向を示す検量線のデータを取得し、コンピュータの記憶手段に格納する工程;
前記記憶手段に格納された検量線のデータに基づいて、目的とする弾性率に対応する表面処理剤の分子量を決定する工程;
微粒子と決定された分子量を有する表面処理剤との質量比(微粒子/表面処理剤)を55/45以上に調整する工程;および
前記表面処理剤を表面に有する微粒子を、フィラーとして樹脂に添加し樹脂材料を製造する工程。
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