JP6569174B2 - Predistortion generating apparatus and predistortion generating method - Google Patents

Predistortion generating apparatus and predistortion generating method Download PDF

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JP6569174B2
JP6569174B2 JP2015022269A JP2015022269A JP6569174B2 JP 6569174 B2 JP6569174 B2 JP 6569174B2 JP 2015022269 A JP2015022269 A JP 2015022269A JP 2015022269 A JP2015022269 A JP 2015022269A JP 6569174 B2 JP6569174 B2 JP 6569174B2
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JP2016146538A (en
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康二郎 今里
康二郎 今里
康正 小礒
康正 小礒
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Japan Radio Co Ltd
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Description

本発明は、所望の回路のプリディストーション法に基づく歪み補償に供される前置歪みを生成する前置歪み生成装置及び前置歪み生成方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a predistortion generation apparatus and a predistortion generation method for generating a predistortion used for distortion compensation based on a predistortion method for a desired circuit.

従来、電力増幅回路の非線形性により出力信号に発生する歪み成分(非線形歪み)を打ち消すような歪(逆歪み)を入力信号に予め与えることにより、出力信号の歪みを補償する歪み補償装置がある(例えば、特許文献1参照)。近年では、より広帯域(例えば、100MHz帯域)の信号の歪み補償する高精度な補償装置が求められている。   2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there is a distortion compensation device that compensates for distortion of an output signal by preliminarily applying distortion (inverse distortion) that cancels distortion components (nonlinear distortion) generated in an output signal due to nonlinearity of a power amplifier circuit. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1). In recent years, a highly accurate compensator that compensates for distortion of a signal in a wider band (for example, 100 MHz band) has been demanded.

特開2012−95005号公報JP 2012-95005 A

しかしながら、上述の歪み補償装置では、逆歪みを入力信号に与えるために非線形歪みを含む帯域(以下、「歪み補償帯域」という。)における信号処理が必要となる。その場合には、一般的に所望の信号の帯域の5倍以上の広帯域の歪み補償帯域が確保される必要がある。例えば、3.5GHz帯において100MHzという広い信号帯域の歪み補償が実現されるためには、従来例では300MHzを超えるサンプリング周波数が採用されなければ実現できない。
300MHz以上の広帯域における歪み補償が要求されるが、現在市場に供給されているデジタルデバイス、アナログデバイスともに帯域の確保が困難であり、十分な歪み補償ができない場合があった。
However, the above-described distortion compensation apparatus requires signal processing in a band including nonlinear distortion (hereinafter referred to as “distortion compensation band”) in order to give inverse distortion to the input signal. In that case, it is generally necessary to secure a wide distortion compensation band that is five times or more the band of the desired signal. For example, in order to realize distortion compensation of a wide signal band of 100 MHz in the 3.5 GHz band, the conventional example cannot be realized unless a sampling frequency exceeding 300 MHz is employed.
Distortion compensation in a wide band of 300 MHz or higher is required, but it is difficult to secure a band for both digital devices and analog devices currently on the market, and sufficient distortion compensation may not be possible.

本発明は、このような事情に鑑みてなされたもので、その目的は、広帯域に分布する好適な前置歪みを精度よく生成し続けることができる前置歪み生成装置及び前置歪み生成方法を提供することである。   The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a predistortion generation apparatus and a predistortion generation method capable of accurately generating a suitable predistortion distributed over a wide band. Is to provide.

本発明の一態様は、所定の基準である歪み補償係数を用いて入力信号を歪補償することで生成した予歪補償信号を、プリディストーション法による歪み補償の対象となる被補償回路へ出力する歪補償部と、前記予歪補償信号を周波数軸上の第1の信号に変換し、前記被補償回路からの出力信号を周波数軸上の第2の信号に変換し、前記第1の信号及び前記第2の信号のそれぞれに対して周波数ごとに重み付けを行い、前記重み付け後の前記第1の信号及び前記第2の信号に基づいて前記歪み補償係数を算出する補償計算部と、を備えることを特徴とする前置歪み生成装置である。例えば、補償計算部は、プリディストーション法による歪み補償の対象となる回路に時系列nの順に入力される信号u[n]の列の周波数スペクトルU[f]と、前記回路によって前記時系列nの順に出力される信号y[n]の列の周波数スペクトルY[f]と、前記信号y[n]に対する歪みまたは雑音の重畳の許否を周波数軸上で示す重みW[f]とに基づいて、(W[f]U[f])と、(W[f]Y[f])との差を適応制御に基づいて最小化する。前置歪み維持手段は、前記適応制御の解ωに適応した値に、前記信号u[n]に重畳されるべき前置歪みを維持してもよい
上記時系列nの順に信号u[n]に含まれるべき前置歪みは、以下の点で、信号u[n]の列とy[n]の列との差を最小化するために従来例においても行われていた適応制御と異なる適応制御の下で維持されてもよい
(1) u[n]の列に替えて、そのu[n]の列の周波数スペクトルU[f]と既述の重みW[f]との積が適用される。
(2) y[n]の列に替えて、そのy[n]の列の周波数スペクトルY[f]と同様の重みW[f]との積が適用される。
(3) しかも、このような重みW[f]は、信号y[n]の列に重畳することが許容される歪みや雑音の周波数軸上における分布を意味する。
すなわち、前置歪みの維持のために行われる適応制御は、周波数軸上で重みW[f]による帯域の制限やその帯域に分布する信号の抑圧の下で行われ、適応制御の過程で前置歪みの精度が劣化する要因となる歪みや雑音が低減された状態で行われてもよい
According to one embodiment of the present invention , a predistortion compensation signal generated by performing distortion compensation on an input signal using a distortion compensation coefficient that is a predetermined reference is output to a compensated circuit that is a target of distortion compensation by a predistortion method. A distortion compensator; converting the predistortion compensation signal into a first signal on a frequency axis; converting an output signal from the compensated circuit into a second signal on the frequency axis; A compensation calculation unit that weights each of the second signals for each frequency and calculates the distortion compensation coefficient based on the weighted first signal and the second signal. Is a predistortion generator characterized by the following. For example, the compensation calculation unit includes the frequency spectrum U [f] of the sequence of the signal u [n] that is input in the order of the time series n to the circuit to be subjected to distortion compensation by the predistortion method, and the time series n by the circuit. Based on the frequency spectrum Y [f] of the sequence of signals y [n] output in the order of and the weight W [f] indicating whether or not distortion or noise is superimposed on the signal y [n] on the frequency axis. , (W [f] U [f]) and (W [f] Y [f]) are minimized based on adaptive control. The predistortion maintaining means may maintain the predistortion to be superimposed on the signal u [n] at a value adapted to the solution ω of the adaptive control.
The predistortion to be included in the signal u [n] in the order of the time series n is a conventional example in order to minimize the difference between the column of the signal u [n] and the column of y [n] in the following points. It may be maintained under the adaptive control different from the adaptive control that has been performed in the above.
(1) Instead of the column of u [n], the product of the frequency spectrum U [f] of the column of u [n] and the above-described weight W [f] is applied.
(2) Instead of the column of y [n], the product of the frequency spectrum Y [f] of the column of y [n] and the same weight W [f] is applied.
(3) Moreover, such a weight W [f] means a distribution on the frequency axis of distortion and noise that are allowed to be superimposed on the column of the signal y [n].
In other words, the adaptive control performed to maintain the predistortion is performed under the restriction of the band by the weight W [f] on the frequency axis and the suppression of the signal distributed in the band. It may be performed in a state where distortion and noise that cause deterioration of the accuracy of the distortion are reduced.

発明の一態様は、所定の基準である歪み補償係数を用いて入力信号を歪補償することで生成した予歪補償信号を、プリディストーション法による歪み補償の対象となる被補償回路へ出力する歪補償部と、前記予歪補償信号を周波数軸上の第1の信号に変換し、前記被補償回路からの出力信号を周波数軸上の第2の信号に変換し、前記第1の信号及び前記第2の信号のそれぞれに対して周波数ごとに重み付けを行い、前記重み付け後の前記第1の信号及び前記第2の信号のそれぞれを逆フーリエ変換することにより第3の信号及び第4の信号を生成し、前記第3の信号及び前記第4の信号に基づいて前記歪み補償係数を算出する補償計算部と、を備えることを特徴とする前置歪み生成装置である。例えば、時系列nの順に信号u[n]の列に含まれるべき前置歪みは、重み付け後の前記第1の信号及び前記第2の信号にそれぞれ時間軸上で等価な2つの演算対象に基づく適応制御によって求められてもよい。 According to one embodiment of the present invention , a predistortion compensation signal generated by performing distortion compensation on an input signal using a distortion compensation coefficient that is a predetermined reference is output to a compensated circuit that is a target of distortion compensation by a predistortion method. A distortion compensator; converting the predistortion compensation signal into a first signal on a frequency axis; converting an output signal from the compensated circuit into a second signal on the frequency axis; The second signal is weighted for each frequency, and the third signal and the fourth signal are obtained by performing an inverse Fourier transform on the weighted first signal and the second signal. And a compensation calculation unit that calculates the distortion compensation coefficient based on the third signal and the fourth signal, and a predistortion generator. For example, the predistortion to be included in the sequence of the signal u [n] in the order of the time series n is calculated as two computation targets that are equivalent on the time axis to the weighted first signal and the second signal , respectively. Based on adaptive control .

発明の一態様は、補償計算部は、プリディストーション法による歪み補償の対象となる回路に時系列nの順に前置歪みが重畳されて入力されるべき入力信号x[n]の列の周波数スペクトルX[f]と、前記回路によって前記時系列nの順に出力される信号y[n]の列の周波数スペクトルY[f]と、前記信号y[n]に対する歪みまたは雑音の重畳の許否を周波数軸上で示す重みW[f]とに基づいて、(W[f]X[f])と、(W[f]Y[f])との差を適応制御に基づいて最小化する。前置歪み維持手段は、前記適応制御の解ωに適応した値に、前記前置歪みを維持してもよい
このようにして時系列nの順に入力信号x[n]に重畳されるべき前置歪みは、以下の点で、入力信号x[n]の列とy[n]の列との差を最小化するために従来例においても行われていた適応制御と異なる適応制御の下で維持される。
(1) x[n]の列に替えて、そのx[n]の列の周波数スペクトルX[f]と既述の重みW[f]との積が適用される。
(2) y[n]の列に替えて、そのy[n]の列の周波数スペクトルY[f]と同様の重みW[f]との積が適用される。
(3) しかも、このような重みW[f]は、信号y[n]の列に重畳することが許容される歪みや雑音の周波数軸上における分布を意味する。
すなわち、前置歪みの維持のために行われる適応制御は、周波数軸上で重みW[f]による帯域の制限やその帯域に分布する信号の抑圧の下で行われ、適応制御の過程で前置歪みの精度が劣化する要因となる歪みや雑音が低減された状態で行われてもよい
In one embodiment of the present invention , the compensation calculation unit is configured to input the frequency of the column of the input signal x [n] to be input with the predistortion superimposed on the circuit to be subjected to distortion compensation by the predistortion method in the order of time series n. Whether to superimpose distortion or noise on the spectrum X [f], the frequency spectrum Y [f] of the column of the signal y [n] output in the order of the time series n by the circuit, and the signal y [n]. Based on the weight W [f] shown on the frequency axis, the difference between (W [f] X [f]) and (W [f] Y [f]) is minimized based on adaptive control. Predistortion maintaining means, to a value that accommodates solution ω of the adaptive control may maintain the predistortion.
Thus, the predistortion to be superimposed on the input signal x [n] in the order of time series n minimizes the difference between the column of the input signal x [n] and the column of y [n] in the following points. Therefore, it is maintained under the adaptive control different from the adaptive control performed in the conventional example.
(1) Instead of the column x [n], the product of the frequency spectrum X [f] of the column x [n] and the weight W [f] described above is applied.
(2) Instead of the column of y [n], the product of the frequency spectrum Y [f] of the column of y [n] and the same weight W [f] is applied.
(3) Moreover, such a weight W [f] means a distribution on the frequency axis of distortion and noise that are allowed to be superimposed on the column of the signal y [n].
In other words, the adaptive control performed to maintain the predistortion is performed under the restriction of the band by the weight W [f] on the frequency axis and the suppression of the signal distributed in the band. It may be performed in a state where distortion and noise that cause deterioration of the accuracy of the distortion are reduced.

発明の一態様は、補償計算部は、プリディストーション法による歪み補償の対象となる回路に時系列nの順に前置歪みが重畳されて入力されるべき入力信号x[n]の列の周波数スペクトルX[f]と、前記回路によって前記時系列nの順に出力される信号y[n]の列の周波数スペクトルY[f]と、前記信号y[n]に対する歪みまたは雑音の重畳の許否を周波数軸上で示す重みW[f]とで与えられる、(W[f]X[f])と、(W[f]Y[f])との個々の逆フーリエ変換の結果x[n]′、y[n]′の差を適応制御に基づいて最小化する。前置歪み維持手段は、前記適応制御の解ωに適応した値に、前記前置歪みを維持してもよい
すなわち、時系列nの順に入力信号x[n]の列に重畳されるべき前置歪みは、請求項3に係る発明において行われる適応制御の演算対象である(W[f]X[f])、(W[f]Y[f])にそれぞれ時間軸上で等価な2つの演算対象に基づく適応制御によって求められてもよい。
In one embodiment of the present invention , the compensation calculation unit is configured to input the frequency of the column of the input signal x [n] to be input with the predistortion superimposed on the circuit to be subjected to distortion compensation by the predistortion method in the order of time series n. Whether to superimpose distortion or noise on the spectrum X [f], the frequency spectrum Y [f] of the column of the signal y [n] output in the order of the time series n by the circuit, and the signal y [n]. The result x [n] of each inverse Fourier transform of (W [f] X [f]) and (W [f] Y [f]) given by the weight W [f] shown on the frequency axis The difference between ', y [n]' is minimized based on adaptive control. Predistortion maintaining means, to a value that accommodates solution ω of the adaptive control may maintain the predistortion.
That is, the predistortion to be superimposed on the sequence of the input signal x [n] in the order of the time series n is a calculation target of adaptive control performed in the invention according to claim 3 (W [f] X [f] ), (W [f] Y [f]) may be obtained by adaptive control based on two computation objects equivalent on the time axis .

発明の一態様は、上述の前置歪み生成装置であって、前記被補償回路の逆歪み特性を示す多項式を有してもよい。また、前記補償計算部は、前記歪み補償係数を前記多項式の係数として求めてもよい。また、前記歪補償部は、前記多項式の係数を前記補償計算部が算出した前記歪み補償係数に更新することで新たな前記予歪補償信号を生成してもよい。 One aspect of the present invention is in the aforementioned predistorter generator may have a polynomial indicating a reverse distortion characteristic of the object to be compensated circuit. Further, the compensation calculation unit may obtain the distortion compensation coefficient as a coefficient of the polynomial. The distortion compensation unit may generate a new predistortion compensation signal by updating the coefficient of the polynomial to the distortion compensation coefficient calculated by the compensation calculation unit.

例えば、前置歪みの維持のために行われる適応制御は、周波数軸上で重みW[f]による帯域の制限やその帯域に分布する信号の抑圧の下で行われ、適応制御の過程で前置歪みの精度が劣化する要因となる歪みや雑音が低減された状態で行われ、しかも、上記多項式による回路の逆歪み特性のモデリングの下で簡便に実現されてもよい For example, pre-distortion Mino adaptive control performed for maintenance is performed under suppression of the signal to be distributed to the band limitation and that band by the weighting W [f] on the frequency axis, in the course of the adaptive control This may be performed in a state where distortion and noise that cause deterioration of the accuracy of the predistortion are reduced, and may be simply realized under modeling of the inverse distortion characteristics of the circuit by the polynomial.

本発明によれば、所望の周波数帯域に分布すべき前置歪みを精度よく安定に得ることができる前置歪み生成装置及び前置歪み生成方法を提供することができる。   According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a predistortion generation apparatus and a predistortion generation method capable of accurately and stably obtaining a predistortion to be distributed in a desired frequency band.

本実施形態における歪み補償装置1の構成を概念的に示した図である。It is the figure which showed notionally the structure of the distortion compensation apparatus 1 in this embodiment. 本実施形態における歪み補償装置1の動作フローを示す図である。It is a figure which shows the operation | movement flow of the distortion compensation apparatus 1 in this embodiment. 従来と本発明の歪み補償装置での被補償回路のACLR性能を比較した図である。It is the figure which compared the ACLR performance of the compensated circuit in the distortion compensation apparatus of the past and this invention. 本実施形態の実証実験における主要な条件を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the main conditions in the verification experiment of this embodiment.

図1は、本実施形態における歪み補償装置の構成を概念的に示した図である。
以下、図1(a)を参照して、本実施形態における歪み補償装置(プリディストータ)について説明する。
FIG. 1 is a diagram conceptually showing the configuration of the distortion compensation apparatus in the present embodiment.
Hereinafter, a distortion compensation device (predistorter) according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

図1(a)に示すように、歪み補償装置1は、被補償回路2の前段に設けられている。歪み補償装置1は、被補償回路2の非線形性により出力信号y(t)に発生する高次にわたる歪み(非線形歪み)を打ち消すような歪(逆歪み)を所定の基準である歪み補償係数(後述する)に基づいて被補償回路2の入力信号x(t)に予め与えることで予歪補償信号u(t)を生成する。そして、歪み補償装置1は、生成した予歪補償信号u(t)を被補償回路2に入力することにより、出力信号y(t)の歪みを補償する。歪み補償装置1は、予歪補償信号u(t)と被補償回路2からの出力信号y(t)とをフーリエ変換する。歪み補償装置1は、被補償回路2の非線形歪み成分の周波数に対応する、フーリエ変換後の出力信号y(f)、予歪信号u(f)にそれぞれ重み付けし、重み付け後の出力信号α(f)・y(f)と重み付け後の予歪補償信号α(f)・u(f)とに基づいて上記歪み補償係数を算出する。
ここに、上記演算の対象となる各値と、数式6で表される歪み補償モデルとの対応関係は、以下の通りである。
(1) α(f)は、重み付け係数であり、詳細については後述する。
(2) フーリエ変換後の出力信号y(f)は、上記歪み補償モデルの要素である出力信号y(t)のべき乗のフーリエ変換信号φ(f)に相当する。
(3) (重み付け後の)出力信号α(f)・y(f)は、重み付け後における上記歪みモデルの要素信号α(f)・φ(f)に相当する。
なお、以下では、上記対応関係(2),(3)については、同様に成立するので、記載を省略する。
As shown in FIG. 1A, the distortion compensation device 1 is provided in the previous stage of the compensated circuit 2. The distortion compensator 1 is a distortion compensation coefficient (a distortion compensation coefficient (predetermined distortion) that cancels high-order distortion (nonlinear distortion) generated in the output signal y (t) due to nonlinearity of the compensated circuit 2 as a predetermined reference. The predistortion compensation signal u (t) is generated by giving in advance to the input signal x (t) of the compensated circuit 2 based on Then, the distortion compensator 1 compensates the distortion of the output signal y (t) by inputting the generated predistortion compensation signal u (t) to the compensated circuit 2. The distortion compensation device 1 performs a Fourier transform on the predistortion compensation signal u (t) and the output signal y (t) from the compensated circuit 2. The distortion compensator 1 weights the output signal y (f) and the predistortion signal u (f) after Fourier transform, which correspond to the frequency of the nonlinear distortion component of the compensated circuit 2, respectively, and the weighted output signal α ( The distortion compensation coefficient is calculated based on f) · y (f) and the weighted predistortion compensation signal α (f) · u (f).
Here, the correspondence relationship between each value to be subjected to the above calculation and the distortion compensation model represented by Expression 6 is as follows.
(1) α (f) is a weighting coefficient, and details will be described later.
(2) The output signal y (f) after the Fourier transform corresponds to a Fourier transform signal φ (f) that is a power of the output signal y (t) that is an element of the distortion compensation model.
(3) The output signal α (f) · y (f) (after weighting) corresponds to the element signal α (f) · φ (f) of the distortion model after weighting.
In the following, since the correspondences (2) and (3) are established in the same manner, description thereof is omitted.

被補償回路2は、歪み補償装置1の歪み補償の対象であり、例えば電力増幅装置等である。以下の説明では、被補償回路2は、電力増幅器を一例として説明する。
図1(a)に示すように、本実施形態における歪み補償装置1は、歪補償部10及び補償計算部11の各々を備える。
The compensated circuit 2 is a distortion compensation target of the distortion compensation apparatus 1 and is, for example, a power amplification apparatus. In the following description, the compensated circuit 2 will be described using a power amplifier as an example.
As shown in FIG. 1A, the distortion compensation device 1 according to this embodiment includes a distortion compensation unit 10 and a compensation calculation unit 11.

歪補償部10は、補償計算部11において生成される歪み補償モデル(後述する)に対する歪み補償係数を用いて、入力信号x(t)に対し歪みを適応的に付与し、歪み付与後の予歪補償信号u(t)を得る。   The distortion compensation unit 10 adaptively imparts distortion to the input signal x (t) using a distortion compensation coefficient for a distortion compensation model (described later) generated by the compensation calculation unit 11, and performs pre-distortion prediction. A distortion compensation signal u (t) is obtained.

被補償回路2は、歪補償部10によって歪みが付与された予歪補償信号u(t)を入力とし、予歪補償信号u(t)を増幅する。増幅後の出力信号y(t)は、例えばアンテナを介して送信される。また、出力信号y(t)は、フィードバック信号として、補償計算部11に出力される。   The compensated circuit 2 receives the predistortion compensation signal u (t) to which the distortion is applied by the distortion compensator 10 and amplifies the predistortion compensation signal u (t). The amplified output signal y (t) is transmitted, for example, via an antenna. The output signal y (t) is output to the compensation calculation unit 11 as a feedback signal.

歪補償部10は、補償計算部11から予歪補償信号u(t)を取得する。また、歪補償部10は、被補償回路2から出力信号y(t)を取得する。歪補償部10は、予歪補償信号u(t)と出力信号y(t)とに基づいて歪み補償係数を生成する。   The distortion compensation unit 10 acquires the predistortion compensation signal u (t) from the compensation calculation unit 11. Further, the distortion compensation unit 10 acquires the output signal y (t) from the compensated circuit 2. The distortion compensation unit 10 generates a distortion compensation coefficient based on the predistortion compensation signal u (t) and the output signal y (t).

次に、本実施形態における歪み補償モデルを用いた歪み補償係数の生成について説明する。歪み補償モデルは、被補償回路2の入出力の逆特性を近似するモデルである。
歪補償部10は、歪み補償モデルに補償計算部11によって生成された歪み補償係数を当てはめて、入力信号x(t)に予め被補償回路2の逆特性を与える。入力信号x(t)に被補償回路2の逆特性を与えることにより、被補償回路2の入出力の線形化を図ることができる。
Next, generation of a distortion compensation coefficient using the distortion compensation model in the present embodiment will be described. The distortion compensation model is a model that approximates the inverse characteristics of the input and output of the compensated circuit 2.
The distortion compensation unit 10 applies the distortion compensation coefficient generated by the compensation calculation unit 11 to the distortion compensation model, and gives the inverse characteristic of the compensated circuit 2 to the input signal x (t) in advance. By giving the inverse characteristic of the compensated circuit 2 to the input signal x (t), the input / output of the compensated circuit 2 can be linearized.

被補償回路2の入出力の逆歪み特性を近似するモデルとして、多項式のモデルを用いる。以下では、補償計算部11が、歪み補償モデルとして、以下に示す式(1)及び式(2)により定義される逆歪み特性を近似する多項式のモデルを用いて、歪み補償係数を生成する。   A polynomial model is used as a model for approximating the inverse distortion characteristics of the input / output of the compensated circuit 2. In the following, the compensation calculation unit 11 generates a distortion compensation coefficient by using a polynomial model that approximates the inverse distortion characteristics defined by the following equations (1) and (2) as a distortion compensation model.

Figure 0006569174
Figure 0006569174

Figure 0006569174
Figure 0006569174

なお、式(1)におけるωτ,σ,kは、歪み補償係数であり、時間に非依存、且つ周波数に非依存の係数である。ここで、出力信号y(t)に含まれている主要な歪みは、3次、5次、7次、‥‥‥、N次(Nは自然数)等の奇数次の成分である。また、φτ,σ,k(y(t))は、式(2)の右辺の式からy(t)の非線形変換であることがわかる。なお、歪み補償モデルは、式(1)に限られず、他の式を用いてもよい。式(1)の歪み補償モデルは、単純化された多項式であるが、より複雑な多項式を用いてもよい。 Note that ω τ, σ, k in Equation (1) is a distortion compensation coefficient, which is a time-independent and frequency-independent coefficient. Here, the main distortion included in the output signal y (t) is an odd-order component such as third-order, fifth-order, seventh-order,..., N-order (N is a natural number). Also, φ τ, σ, k (y (t)) is found to be a nonlinear transformation of y (t) from the expression on the right side of Expression (2). The distortion compensation model is not limited to the equation (1), and other equations may be used. The distortion compensation model of Equation (1) is a simplified polynomial, but a more complicated polynomial may be used.

式(1)において、行列表記すると、式(3)のように表される。   In the formula (1), the matrix notation is expressed as the formula (3).

Figure 0006569174
Figure 0006569174

次に、式(1)のu(t)の線形変換をg(u(t))とすると、式(1)は、以下の式(4)に書き換えることができる。   Next, assuming that the linear transformation of u (t) in equation (1) is g (u (t)), equation (1) can be rewritten as the following equation (4).

Figure 0006569174
Figure 0006569174

ここで、線形変換は、フーリエ変換であり、例えば、高速フーリエ変換:FFT(Fast Fourier Transform)又は離散フーリエ変換:DFT(discrete Fourier transform)である。なお、g(u(t))及びg(φτ,σ,k(y(t)))を以下の式(5)及び式(6)に置き換えると、式(4)を式(7)に変形することができる。 Here, the linear transformation is Fourier transformation, for example, fast Fourier transformation: FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) or discrete Fourier transformation: DFT (discrete Fourier transform). If g (u (t)) and g (φ τ, σ, k (y (t))) are replaced by the following formulas (5) and (6), formula (4) is transformed into formula (7). Can be transformed into

Figure 0006569174
Figure 0006569174

Figure 0006569174
Figure 0006569174

Figure 0006569174
Figure 0006569174

これより、逆歪みを示す予歪補償信号u(t)を示す式(1)をフーリエ変換すると、最終的には式(7)で表す式を算出する。ここで、式(1)及び式(7)を比較した場合、歪み補償係数ωτ,σ,kの値を保持したまま、予歪補償信号u(t)を周波数成分毎に分離することができる。 From this, when the equation (1) indicating the predistortion compensation signal u (t) indicating the reverse distortion is Fourier transformed, an equation represented by the equation (7) is finally calculated. Here, when comparing the equations (1) and (7), the predistortion compensation signal u (t) may be separated for each frequency component while maintaining the values of the distortion compensation coefficients ωτ, σ, k. it can.

次に、周波数軸上に対してそれぞれ重み付けを行うため、式(6)の両辺に周波数重みα(f)を乗算する。すなわち、周波数毎に個別の重みα(f)が設定されることで、所望の帯域に対する最適化の比重が高められ、他の帯域より歪みが大きく抑圧される。
本実施形態では、所望帯域が隣接チャネル帯域に設定されることにより、ACLR(Adjacent Cannel Leakage power Ratio)(隣接チャネル漏洩電力比)の大幅な改善が実現される。
Next, in order to weight each on the frequency axis, both sides of the equation (6) are multiplied by the frequency weight α (f). That is, by setting an individual weight α (f) for each frequency, the specific gravity of optimization for a desired band is increased, and distortion is greatly suppressed compared to other bands.
In the present embodiment, by setting the desired band to the adjacent channel band, a significant improvement of ACLR (Adjacent Cannel Leakage power Ratio) is realized.

Figure 0006569174
Figure 0006569174

補償計算部11は、式(8)について、例えば、最小二乗法(MMSE:Minimum Mean Square Error)を用いて、重み付け後の出力信号α(f)・y(f)と前記重み付け後の予歪補償信号α(f)・u(f)とを比較することで歪み補償係数ωτ,σ,kを算出する。これにより、歪み補償係数ωτ,σ,kの性質を変化させずに、且つ周波数毎に重みをもたせて式(8)から歪み補償係数ωτ,σ,kを算出することができる。
補償計算部11は、算出した歪み補償係数ωτ,σ,kを歪補償部10に出力する。
The compensation calculation unit 11 uses the least square method (MMSE: Minimum Mean Square Error), for example, to calculate the weighted output signal α (f) · y (f) and the weighted predistortion. The distortion compensation coefficients ω τ, σ, k are calculated by comparing the compensation signals α (f) · u (f). Thus, the distortion compensation coefficient omega tau, sigma, without changing the nature of k, and the distortion compensation coefficient from equation (8) remembering weights for each frequency omega tau, sigma, it is possible to calculate the k.
The compensation calculation unit 11 outputs the calculated distortion compensation coefficient ω τ, σ, k to the distortion compensation unit 10.

以下に本実施形態における歪み補償装置1の動作について、図2を用いて説明する。図2は、本実施形態における歪み補償装置1の動作フローを示す図である。
ステップS101において、補償計算部11は、歪補償部10から供給される予歪補償信号u(t)を取得する。また、補償計算部11は、被補償回路2から出力される出力信号y(t)を取得する。
The operation of the distortion compensation apparatus 1 in the present embodiment will be described below with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an operation flow of the distortion compensation apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment.
In step S <b> 101, the compensation calculation unit 11 acquires the predistortion compensation signal u (t) supplied from the distortion compensation unit 10. In addition, the compensation calculation unit 11 acquires an output signal y (t) output from the compensated circuit 2.

ステップS102において、補償計算部11は、取得した出力信号y(t)及び予歪補償信号u(t)に対してフーリエ変換を実施することで式(7)を得る。これにより、出力信号y(t)及び予歪補償信号u(t)を時間軸から周波数軸に変換することができる。   In step S102, the compensation calculation unit 11 obtains Expression (7) by performing Fourier transform on the acquired output signal y (t) and predistortion compensation signal u (t). Thereby, the output signal y (t) and the predistortion compensation signal u (t) can be converted from the time axis to the frequency axis.

ステップS103において、補償計算部11は、式(7)の両辺に重み付けα(f)を乗じることで、周波軸上において重み付けを行う。この重み付けα(f)を乗ずることで、例えば最小二乗法を用いて歪み補償係数ωτ,σ,kを算出する場合において、誤差最小化処理の周波数毎の比重を変化させている。 In step S103, the compensation calculation unit 11 performs weighting on the frequency axis by multiplying both sides of Expression (7) by weighting α (f). By multiplying the weighting α (f), for example, when the distortion compensation coefficient ω τ, σ, k is calculated using the least square method, the specific gravity for each frequency of the error minimization processing is changed.

ステップS104において、補償計算部11は、式(7)の両辺に重み付けα(f)を乗じた式(8)から歪み補償係数ωτ,σ,kを算出する。補償計算部11は、算出した補償係数ωτ,σ,kを歪補償部10に出力する。ここでは、歪み補償係数ωτ,σ,kの算出方法の一例として、最小二乗法を用いて算出する。 In step S104, the compensation calculation unit 11 calculates a distortion compensation coefficient ω τ, σ, k from Expression (8) obtained by multiplying both sides of Expression (7) by weighting α (f). The compensation calculation unit 11 outputs the calculated compensation coefficient ω τ, σ, k to the distortion compensation unit 10. Here, as an example of a method for calculating the distortion compensation coefficient ω τ, σ, k , it is calculated using a least square method.

式(3)において、フーリエ変換及び重み付けを行った行列を以下に示す式(9)のように表される。   In Equation (3), a matrix subjected to Fourier transform and weighting is expressed as Equation (9) below.

Figure 0006569174
Figure 0006569174

なお、uは、uに対してフーリエ変換及び重み付けを行った行列である。Yは、Yに対してフーリエ変換及び重み付けを行った行列である。
評価関数Enは、以下に示す式(10)に示すとおり、uと、歪み補償係数w及びYとの二乗誤差である。
Note that u f is a matrix obtained by performing Fourier transform and weighting on u. Y f is a matrix obtained by performing Fourier transform and weighting on Y.
The evaluation function En is a square error between u f and the distortion compensation coefficients w and Y f as shown in the following equation (10).

Figure 0006569174
Figure 0006569174

式(10)の評価関数Eを最小化する係数wは、式(11)で求められる。式(11)において、Hは、転置行列を表す。 Coefficient w n that minimizes the evaluation function E n of the formula (10) is determined by Equation (11). In Expression (11), H represents a transposed matrix.

Figure 0006569174
Figure 0006569174

ステップS105において、歪補償部10は、補償計算部11から供給された歪み補償係数を上記歪み補償モデルに適用する。これにより、歪み補償モデルの歪み補償係数が補償計算部11から供給された歪み補償係数に更新される。これにより、歪補償部10は、補償計算部11から供給された歪み補償係数に基づいて予歪補償信号u(t)を生成する。   In step S105, the distortion compensation unit 10 applies the distortion compensation coefficient supplied from the compensation calculation unit 11 to the distortion compensation model. As a result, the distortion compensation coefficient of the distortion compensation model is updated to the distortion compensation coefficient supplied from the compensation calculation unit 11. Thereby, the distortion compensation unit 10 generates the predistortion compensation signal u (t) based on the distortion compensation coefficient supplied from the compensation calculation unit 11.

ステップS106において、歪補償部10は、生成した予歪補償信号u(t)を被補償回路2及び補償計算部11に出力する。   In step S <b> 106, the distortion compensation unit 10 outputs the generated predistortion compensation signal u (t) to the compensated circuit 2 and the compensation calculation unit 11.

次に、本実施形態の歪み補償装置1における歪み補償方法の実証実験の結果を以下に示す。図3は、従来と本発明の歪み補償装置での被補償回路のACLR性能を比較した図である。図3(a)は、従来の歪み補償装置での被補償回路のACLR性能を示した図である。図3(b)は、本発明の歪み補償装置での被補償回路のACLR性能を示した図である。   Next, the result of the verification experiment of the distortion compensation method in the distortion compensation apparatus 1 of this embodiment is shown below. FIG. 3 is a diagram comparing the ACLR performance of the compensated circuit in the conventional distortion compensation apparatus of the present invention. FIG. 3A is a diagram showing the ACLR performance of the compensated circuit in the conventional distortion compensation apparatus. FIG. 3B is a diagram showing the ACLR performance of the compensated circuit in the distortion compensation apparatus of the present invention.

本実施形態の実証実験における主要な条件を図4に示す。
図3に示すように、従来の歪み補償装置は、下側の隣接チャネル漏洩電力比(ACLR)が−39.2dBであり、上側の隣接チャネル漏洩電力比が−36.7dBである。本実施形態の歪み補償装置1は、下側の隣接チャネル漏洩電力比が−46.3dBであり、上側の隣接チャネル漏洩電力比が−45.5dBである。これより、本実施形態の歪み補償装置1は、従来の歪み補償装置に比べて、被補償回路の広帯域の出力信号において、歪み成分が小さいことがわかる。
The main conditions in the demonstration experiment of this embodiment are shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 3, the conventional distortion compensator has a lower adjacent channel leakage power ratio (ACLR) of −39.2 dB and an upper adjacent channel leakage power ratio of −36.7 dB. In the distortion compensation apparatus 1 of the present embodiment, the lower adjacent channel leakage power ratio is −46.3 dB, and the upper adjacent channel leakage power ratio is −45.5 dB. From this, it can be seen that the distortion compensator 1 of the present embodiment has a smaller distortion component in the wideband output signal of the compensated circuit than the conventional distortion compensator.

上述したように、本実施形態の歪み補償装置1は、所定の基準で入力信号x(t)を歪補償して生成した予歪補償信号u(t)を被補償回路2へ出力する歪補償部10と、予歪補償信号u(t)と被補償回路2からの出力信号y(t)とを周波数軸の信号に変換し、被補償回路2の歪み成分の周波数に対応するフーリエ変換後の予歪補償信号u(f)と出力信号y(f)との各々に重み付けし、重み付け後の予歪補償信号α(f)・u(f)と出力信号α(f)・y(f)とに基づいて歪み補償係数を算出する補償計算部と、を備える。これにより、従来と比較してより広帯域の歪みを補償することができる。
したがって、歪み補償が行われるべき帯域である歪み補償帯域を狭く設定することができる。
As described above, the distortion compensation apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment outputs the predistortion compensation signal u (t) generated by distortion compensating the input signal x (t) based on a predetermined reference to the compensated circuit 2. Unit 10, the predistortion compensation signal u (t) and the output signal y (t) output from the compensated circuit 2 are converted to a frequency axis signal, and after Fourier transform corresponding to the frequency of the distortion component of the compensated circuit 2 The predistortion compensation signal u (f) and the output signal y (f) are weighted, and the weighted predistortion compensation signal α (f) · u (f) and the output signal α (f) · y (f And a compensation calculation unit that calculates a distortion compensation coefficient based on the above. As a result, it is possible to compensate for distortion in a wider band than in the conventional case.
Therefore, a distortion compensation band that is a band in which distortion compensation should be performed can be set narrow.

さらに、本実施形態では、補償計算部11によって既述の通りに行われる処理は、従来例に比べて、サンプリング周波数と、歪み補償が行われるべき周波数帯域との何れもが大幅に高く設定されることなく実現される。
したがって、従来例に比べて、高速のディジタル信号処理のために必要となるハードウェアのサイズや消費電力の無用な増加も回避される。
Further, in the present embodiment, the processing performed by the compensation calculation unit 11 as described above is such that both the sampling frequency and the frequency band in which distortion compensation is to be performed are set to be significantly higher than in the conventional example. It is realized without.
Therefore, an unnecessary increase in hardware size and power consumption required for high-speed digital signal processing can be avoided as compared with the conventional example.

以上、この発明の実施形態について図面を参照して詳述してきたが、具体的な構成はこの実施形態に限られるものではなく、この発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲の設計等も含まれる。   The embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the specific configuration is not limited to this embodiment, and includes designs and the like that do not depart from the gist of the present invention.

上述の実施形態では補償計算部11が、歪み補償係数を二乗誤差を用いて算出する例を説明したが、これに限られない。補償計算部11は、例えば、平均二乗誤差、二乗平均平方根誤差等を用いて歪み補償係数を算出するようにしてもよい。   In the above-described embodiment, the example in which the compensation calculation unit 11 calculates the distortion compensation coefficient using the square error has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this. The compensation calculation unit 11 may calculate the distortion compensation coefficient using, for example, a mean square error, a root mean square error, or the like.

また、上述の実施形態では、式(8)の両辺を逆フーリエ変換することにより予歪補償信号u(t)、出力信号y(t)に代わる予歪補償信号u(t)′、出力信号y(t)′が生成され、歪み補償係数の生成に用いてもよい。   In the above-described embodiment, the predistortion compensation signal u (t), the output signal y (t) instead of the predistortion compensation signal u (t), the output signal by inverse Fourier transforming both sides of the equation (8). y (t) ′ may be generated and used to generate a distortion compensation coefficient.

また、上述の実施形態では、出力信号y(t)の占有帯域の内、出力信号y(n)のスペクトルが分布しない帯域に減衰域が形成されるように重み付け係数α(f)が設定されてもよい。   In the above-described embodiment, the weighting coefficient α (f) is set so that the attenuation band is formed in the band where the spectrum of the output signal y (n) is not distributed among the occupied band of the output signal y (t). May be.

また、上述の実施形態では、重み付け係数α(f)が入力信号x(t)(又はu(t))、出力信号y(t)のレベル、その入力信号x(t)の生成に用いられる変調方式や多元接続方式等に適応した形態に適宜変更されてもよい。   In the above-described embodiment, the weighting coefficient α (f) is used to generate the input signal x (t) (or u (t)), the level of the output signal y (t), and the input signal x (t). It may be appropriately changed to a form adapted to a modulation method, a multiple access method, or the like.

また、上述の実施形態では、図1(b)に示すように、予歪補償信号u(t)に代えて入力信号x(t)が補償計算部11に入力され、その補償計算部11が、予歪補償信号u(t)に代えて入力信号x(t)を参照する点を除いて、既述の処理と同様の処理を行うことによって、予歪み補償信号u(t)を生成してもよい。   In the above-described embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1B, the input signal x (t) is input to the compensation calculation unit 11 instead of the predistortion compensation signal u (t), and the compensation calculation unit 11 The predistortion compensation signal u (t) is generated by performing the same processing as described above except that the input signal x (t) is referred to instead of the predistortion compensation signal u (t). May be.

また、上述した実施形態では、既述の処理の過程で適宜行われる積分処理には、所望の精度、確度、応答性が達成されるならば、「移動平均法」や「指数平滑法」が適用されてもよい。   Further, in the above-described embodiment, the integration process appropriately performed in the process described above includes “moving average method” and “exponential smoothing method” as long as desired accuracy, accuracy, and responsiveness are achieved. May be applied.

1 歪み補償装置
2 被補償回路
10 歪補償部
11 補償計算部
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Distortion compensation apparatus 2 Compensated circuit 10 Distortion compensation part 11 Compensation calculation part

Claims (7)

所定の基準である歪み補償係数を用いて入力信号を歪補償することで生成した予歪補償信号を、プリディストーション法による歪み補償の対象となる被補償回路へ出力する歪補償部と、
前記予歪補償信号を周波数軸上の第1の信号に変換し、前記被補償回路からの出力信号を周波数軸上の第2の信号に変換し、前記第1の信号及び前記第2の信号のそれぞれに対して周波数ごとに重み付けを行い、前記重み付け後の前記第1の信号及び前記第2の信号に基づいて前記歪み補償係数を算出する補償計算部と、
を備えことを特徴とする前置歪み生成装置。
A distortion compensation unit that outputs a predistortion compensation signal generated by distortion compensation of an input signal using a distortion compensation coefficient that is a predetermined reference to a compensated circuit that is a distortion compensation target by a predistortion method ;
The predistortion compensation signal is converted into a first signal on the frequency axis, the output signal from the compensated circuit is converted into a second signal on the frequency axis, and the first signal and the second signal are converted. A compensation calculation unit that performs weighting for each frequency and calculates the distortion compensation coefficient based on the weighted first signal and the second signal;
Predistortion generator before, wherein the Ru with the.
所定の基準である歪み補償係数を用いて入力信号を歪補償することで生成した予歪補償信号を、プリディストーション法による歪み補償の対象となる被補償回路へ出力する歪補償部と、
前記予歪補償信号を周波数軸上の第1の信号に変換し、前記被補償回路からの出力信号を周波数軸上の第2の信号に変換し、前記第1の信号及び前記第2の信号のそれぞれに対して周波数ごとに重み付けを行い、前記重み付け後の前記第1の信号及び前記第2の信号のそれぞれを逆フーリエ変換することにより第3の信号及び第4の信号を生成し、前記第3の信号及び前記第4の信号に基づいて前記歪み補償係数を算出する補償計算部と、
を備えことを特徴とする前置歪み生成装置。
A distortion compensation unit that outputs a predistortion compensation signal generated by distortion compensation of an input signal using a distortion compensation coefficient that is a predetermined reference to a compensated circuit that is a distortion compensation target by a predistortion method ;
The predistortion compensation signal is converted into a first signal on the frequency axis, the output signal from the compensated circuit is converted into a second signal on the frequency axis, and the first signal and the second signal are converted. Are weighted for each frequency, and a third signal and a fourth signal are generated by performing an inverse Fourier transform on each of the weighted first signal and the second signal , A compensation calculator that calculates the distortion compensation coefficient based on a third signal and the fourth signal;
Predistortion generator before, wherein the Ru with the.
前記補償計算部は、前記重み付け後の前記第1の信号と前記第2の信号との誤差を最小化することで前記歪み補償係数を算出することを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の前置歪み生成装置。The said compensation calculation part calculates the said distortion compensation coefficient by minimizing the difference | error of the said 1st signal and the said 2nd signal after the said weighting, The front of Claim 1 characterized by the above-mentioned. Distortion generator. 前記補償計算部は、前記第3の信号と前記第4の信号との誤差を最小化することで前記歪み補償係数を算出することを特徴とする、請求項2に記載の前置歪み生成装置。The predistortion device according to claim 2, wherein the compensation calculation unit calculates the distortion compensation coefficient by minimizing an error between the third signal and the fourth signal. . 請求項1ないし請求項4の何れか1項に記載の前置歪み生成装置において、
前記被補償回路の逆歪み特性を示す多項式を有
前記補償計算部は、前記歪み補償係数を前記多項式の係数として求め、
前記歪補償部は、前記多項式の係数を前記補償計算部が算出した前記歪み補償係数に更新することで新たな前記予歪補償信号を生成することを特徴とする前置歪み生成装置。
In the predistortion generator according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
Have a polynomial indicating a reverse distortion characteristic of the object to be compensated circuit,
The compensation calculation unit obtains the distortion compensation coefficient as a coefficient of the polynomial,
The distortion compensation unit generates a new predistortion compensation signal by updating a coefficient of the polynomial to the distortion compensation coefficient calculated by the compensation calculation unit .
所定の基準である歪み補償係数を用いて入力信号を歪補償することで生成した予歪補償信号を、プリディストーション法による歪み補償の対象となる被補償回路へ出力する前置歪み生成装置の前置歪み生成方法であって、
前記予歪補償信号を周波数軸上の第1の信号に変換し、前記被補償回路からの出力信号を周波数軸上の第2の信号に変換する変換ステップと、
前記第1の信号及び前記第2の信号のそれぞれに対して周波数ごとに重み付けを行う重み付けステップと、
前記重み付け後の前記第1の信号及び前記第2の信号に基づいて前記歪み補償係数を算出する算出ステップと、
を含むことを特徴とする前置歪み生成方法。
Before a predistortion generator that outputs a predistortion compensation signal generated by distortion compensation of an input signal using a distortion compensation coefficient, which is a predetermined reference, to a compensated circuit to be subjected to distortion compensation by a predistortion method. A distortion generation method,
A conversion step of converting the predistortion compensation signal into a first signal on the frequency axis and converting an output signal from the compensated circuit into a second signal on the frequency axis;
A weighting step for weighting each of the first signal and the second signal for each frequency;
A calculation step of calculating the distortion compensation coefficient based on the weighted first signal and the second signal;
A predistortion generation method characterized by comprising :
所定の基準である歪み補償係数を用いて入力信号を歪補償することで生成した予歪補償信号を、プリディストーション法による歪み補償の対象となる被補償回路へ出力する前置歪み生成装置の前置歪み生成方法であって、
前記予歪補償信号を周波数軸上の第1の信号に変換し、前記被補償回路からの出力信号を周波数軸上の第2の信号に変換する変換ステップと、
前記第1の信号及び前記第2の信号のそれぞれに対して周波数ごとに重み付けを行う重みづけステップと、
前記重み付け後の前記第1の信号及び前記第2の信号のそれぞれを逆フーリエ変換することにより第3の信号及び第4の信号を生成する生成ステップと、
前記第3の信号及び前記第4の信号に基づいて前記歪み補償係数を算出する算出ステップと、
を含むことを特徴とする前置歪み生成方法。
Before a predistortion generator that outputs a predistortion compensation signal generated by distortion compensation of an input signal using a distortion compensation coefficient, which is a predetermined reference, to a compensated circuit to be subjected to distortion compensation by a predistortion method. A distortion generation method,
A conversion step of converting the predistortion compensation signal into a first signal on the frequency axis and converting an output signal from the compensated circuit into a second signal on the frequency axis;
A weighting step of weighting each of the first signal and the second signal for each frequency;
A generating step of generating a third signal and a fourth signal by performing an inverse Fourier transform on each of the weighted first signal and the second signal ;
A calculation step of calculating the distortion compensation coefficient based on the third signal and the fourth signal;
A predistortion generation method characterized by comprising:
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