JP5677746B2 - 接触センサおよびシース進出センサ - Google Patents
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Description
Z=R+jX
ここで、Rは、血液および/または組織からの抵抗であり、jは、項が+90°の位相角を有することを示す虚数であり、Xは、キャパシタンスとインダクタンスとの両方からのリアクタンスである。
ρ/(4πr)
ここで、rは電極の半径であり、ρはこの場合は血液の媒体抵抗率である。
Db=Tb−Rb≒0
これに関して、測定値の一方を他方に対して重み付け(たとえばスケーリング)して差が実質的に0になるようにすることができる。同時に、コモンモードまたは名目平均を以下のように計算することができる。
Ab=(Tb+Rb)/2
(Ab/A)x・D
値xは、1.0であっても、感度を最適化する他の任意の値であってもよい。Dは差分値である。この場合、Aの平均値が較正値(すなわちAb)に対して実質的に増大する(たとえば電極のうちの一方の組織接触により)場合、結果がディレーティング(derate)され得る。本システムはさらに、誤検出に対する感度を最小限にする。このシステムにより、平均値が高いほど、差に加えられる重みが小さくなる。こうしたディレーティングは上記式で指数x=1のとき線形であり得るが、非線形方程式を同様に利用することも可能である。
Claims (16)
- カテーテルシステムの作動方法であって、
体内組織位置に対して位置づけられたイントロデューサに対して配置された、電極を有するカテーテルの前記電極に電気信号を提供するステップと、
前記電極がイントロデューサ内の第1位置から前記イントロデューサの外側に少なくとも部分的に露出する第2位置まで通過することを示す、前記電気信号に対する電極の応答の変化を特定するステップと、
前記応答の変化に基づいて、前記イントロデューサに対する前記電極の相対位置を検出するステップと、
前記応答の変化に基づいて、接触検知のために適当な値を確定するステップと、を含み、
前記応答の変化が、前記体内組織位置の壁に近接する周囲媒体の局所変化を示す、方法。 - 前記カテーテルが前記第1位置と前記第2位置との間を通過することを示す出力を生成するステップ
をさらに含む、請求項1に記載の方法。 - 前記応答の変化を特定するステップが、
前記電気信号に応答して前記電極のインピーダンスを測定し、前記インピーダンスの変化を特定するステップ
を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。 - 前記第1位置にある前記電極の初期インピーダンスを測定するステップと、
前記第2位置にある前記電極の後続するインピーダンスを測定するステップと、
前記初期インピーダンスと前記後続するインピーダンスとの間の変化を特定するステップと、
をさらに含む、請求項3に記載の方法。 - 前記インピーダンスを測定するステップが、
インピーダンスの成分を測定するステップ
を含む、請求項4に記載の方法。 - 前記変化が所定閾値を上回る場合に出力を生成するステップ
をさらに含む、請求項4に記載の方法。 - 前記電極が第1電極および第2電極を含み、前記電気信号が第1電気信号および第2電気信号を含み、
第2電極に第2電気信号を提供するステップをさらに含み、前記応答の変化を特定するステップが、前記第1電極および前記第2電極の前記第1電気信号および前記第2電気信号に対する相対的な応答の変化を特定するステップを含む、請求項1に記載の方法。 - 前記電極が第1電極および第2電極を含み、前記電気信号が第1電気信号および第2電気信号を含み、
複数の電極に複数の電気信号をそれぞれ提供するステップをさらに含み、前記応答の変化を特定するステップが、前記第1電極の、前記第1電気信号および前記第2電気信号に対する相対的な応答の変化、および前記複数の電極のうちの少なくとも1つの、その対応する電気信号に対する相対的な応答の変化を特定するステップを含む、請求項7に記載の方法。 - 前記相対的な応答を特定するステップが、前記電極のうちの1つのインピーダンスの、前記電極のうちのその他の1つのインピーダンスに対する変化を特定するステップを含む、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 前記応答の変化を特定する際、位置特定システムに情報を記録するステップ
をさらに含む、請求項1に記載の方法。 - カテーテルシステムの作動方法であって、
患者体内組織位置に配置された複数のカテーテル電極に複数の別個の電気信号をそれぞれ提供するステップと、
複数のインピーダンスをそれぞれ特定するために、複数の電極から得られる複数の電気信号を監視するステップと、
前記電極が前記患者体内位置の壁と接触していない間に前記複数の電極の少なくとも1つの電気信号の増幅をその他の電気信号のうちの少なくとも1つに対して調整して、前記複数の電極のうちの少なくとも2つのインピーダンスを整合させるステップと、
整合するインピーダンスを有する電極の初期応答のレベルを特定するステップと、
前記複数の電極のうちの1つのインピーダンスの変化を特定するステップと、
前記初期応答のレベルに基づいて前記変化をスケーリングし、スケーリングされた応答の変化を生成するステップと、
前記応答の変化に基づいて、接触検知のために適当な値を確定するステップと、を含み、
前記応答の変化が、前記体内組織位置の壁に近接する周囲媒体の局所変化を示す、
方法。 - 体内組織位置に配置されるように構成されたカテーテルであって、少なくとも第1電極および第2電極を有するカテーテルと、
前記第1電極に第1電気信号を提供し前記第2電極に第2電気信号を提供するように適合されており、前記第1電気信号と前記第2電気信号は別個の信号である、電気出力システムと、
インピーダンス測定モジュールであって、前記第1電極の前記第1電気信号に応答する第1インピーダンスを測定し、前記第2電極の前記第2電気信号に応答する第2インピーダンスを測定し、前記第1電極および前記第2電極の相対的なインピーダンスを特定するように構成されたインピーダンス測定モジュールと、
前記インピーダンスの相対値を受け取り、前記第1電気信号と前記第2電気信号の少なくとも一方を前記第1電気信号と前記第2電気信号のインピーダンスに整合させて変更し、
前記第1電極および前記第2電極のうち整合するインピーダンスを有する電極の初期応答のレベルを特定し、
前記第1電極および前記第2電極のうちの1つのインピーダンスの変化を特定し、
前記初期応答のレベルに基づいて前記変化をスケーリングし、スケーリングされた応答の変化を生成し、
前記応答の変化に基づいて、接触検知のために適当な値を確定するように適合されたプロセッサと、
を備え、
前記応答の変化が、前記体内組織位置の壁に近接する周囲媒体の局所変化を示す、
医療システム。 - 前記インピーダンス測定モジュールが前記第1電極および前記第2電極のインピーダンスを直接測定する、請求項12に記載のシステム。
- 前記インピーダンス測定モジュールが前記相対的なインピーダンスを間接的に測定する、請求項12に記載のシステム。
- 前記インピーダンス測定モジュールが、
前記第1電極および前記第2電極にそれぞれ接続された第1入力および第2入力を有する差動増幅器
を含む、請求項14に記載のシステム。 - 前記カテーテルが複数の電極を有し、前記出力システムが、対応する複数の電気信号を提供するように適合され、
前記インピーダンス測定モジュールが、前記複数の電極間の複数の相対的なインピーダンスを特定するように構成される、請求項12に記載のシステム。
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US11/618,484 US8265745B2 (en) | 2006-12-29 | 2006-12-29 | Contact sensor and sheath exit sensor |
PCT/US2007/084678 WO2008082802A2 (en) | 2006-12-29 | 2007-11-14 | Contact sensor and sheath exit sensor |
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