JP5415467B2 - PDL measuring instrument and PDL measuring method - Google Patents

PDL measuring instrument and PDL measuring method Download PDF

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JP5415467B2
JP5415467B2 JP2011039852A JP2011039852A JP5415467B2 JP 5415467 B2 JP5415467 B2 JP 5415467B2 JP 2011039852 A JP2011039852 A JP 2011039852A JP 2011039852 A JP2011039852 A JP 2011039852A JP 5415467 B2 JP5415467 B2 JP 5415467B2
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pdl
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福太郎 濱岡
俊哉 松田
明 那賀
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Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corp
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Description

本発明は、被測定系の偏波依存性損失（ＰＤＬ：Polarization Dependent Loss ）の波長依存性を測定するＰＤＬ測定器およびＰＤＬ測定方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a PDL measuring device and a PDL measuring method for measuring the wavelength dependence of polarization dependent loss (PDL) of a system under measurement.

被測定系のＰＤＬは、被測定系を伝送した後の光から偏波スクランブル法（偏波スキャニング法）やミューラ法を用いて測定する方法が知られている（非特許文献１）。   As a PDL of a system to be measured, a method is known in which light after transmission through the system to be measured is measured using a polarization scrambling method (polarization scanning method) or a Mueller method (Non-Patent Document 1).

偏波スクランブル法（偏波スキャニング法）は、入力光の偏波状態（ＳＯＰ：State of Polarization ）を偏波コントローラによりランダムにスクランブルして被測定系に入力し、全てのＳＯＰを作り出している間の出力光強度の最大値と最小値の差分によりＰＤＬを直接測定する方法である。ミューラ法は、偏波コントローラによって定義された４種類の入力偏波（水平、垂直、＋45度、右回り円）におけるパワー測定値を用いて、ミューラ・ストークス法により数学的にＰＤＬを測定する方法である。   Polarization scrambling (polarization scanning) is a method in which the polarization state (SOP: State of Polarization) of input light is randomly scrambled by the polarization controller and input to the system under measurement to create all SOPs. The PDL is directly measured by the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the output light intensity. The Mueller method is a method of mathematically measuring PDL by the Mueller-Stokes method using power measurement values in four types of input polarization (horizontal, vertical, +45 degrees, clockwise circle) defined by the polarization controller. It is.

また、被測定系のＰＤＬの波長依存性の測定は、上記のＰＤＬ測定法を組み込んだＰＤＬメータと波長可変光源の波長切り替えタイミングを同期させる構成により可能である。ＰＤＬ波長依存性を測定する従来のＰＤＬ測定器の構成例を図５，図６に示す。   In addition, the measurement of the wavelength dependence of the PDL of the system to be measured is possible by a configuration in which the wavelength switching timing of the PDL meter incorporating the above PDL measurement method and the wavelength variable light source is synchronized. 5 and 6 show a configuration example of a conventional PDL measuring device for measuring the PDL wavelength dependency.

図５に示すＰＤＬ測定器の構成例１は、波長可変光源１１、偏波コントローラ１２、被測定系１３、ＰＤＬメータ１４の順に接続し、波長可変光源１１とＰＤＬ測定器１４を通信ケーブルで接続し、波長可変光源１１の波長切り替えタイミングをＰＤＬ測定器１４に通知してＰＤＬの波長依存性を測定する構成である（非特許文献２）。   In the configuration example 1 of the PDL measuring device shown in FIG. 5, the wavelength tunable light source 11, the polarization controller 12, the system under test 13, and the PDL meter 14 are connected in this order, and the wavelength tunable light source 11 and the PDL measuring device 14 are connected by a communication cable. In this configuration, the wavelength switching timing of the wavelength tunable light source 11 is notified to the PDL measuring device 14 and the wavelength dependence of the PDL is measured (Non-Patent Document 2).

図６に示すＰＤＬ測定器の構成例２は、波長可変光源１１、偏波コントローラ１２、被測定系１３、ＰＤＬメータ１４の順に接続し、波長可変光源１１から出力する測定光に同期信号を重畳し、ＰＤＬメータ１４で同期信号から得られる波長可変光源１１の波長切り替えタイミングに同期してＰＤＬの波長依存性を測定する構成である（非特許文献３）。   In the configuration example 2 of the PDL measuring device shown in FIG. 6, the wavelength variable light source 11, the polarization controller 12, the system under test 13, and the PDL meter 14 are connected in this order, and the synchronization signal is superimposed on the measurement light output from the wavelength variable light source 11 In this configuration, the PDL meter 14 measures the wavelength dependence of the PDL in synchronization with the wavelength switching timing of the wavelength tunable light source 11 obtained from the synchronization signal (Non-patent Document 3).

Agilent Application Note, “Polarization Dependent Loss Measurement of Passive Optical Components”，http://cp.literature.agilent.com/litweb/pdf/5988-1232EN.pdfAgilent Application Note, “Polarization Dependent Loss Measurement of Passive Optical Components”, http://cp.literature.agilent.com/litweb/pdf/5988-1232EN.pdf Thorlabs, “PMD / PDL 測定システム”, http://www.thorlabs.de/catalogPages/JP-Thorlabs%20Catalog/Thorlabs JP%20987.pdfThorlabs, “PMD / PDL Measurement System”, http://www.thorlabs.de/catalogPages/JP-Thorlabs%20Catalog/Thorlabs JP% 20987.pdf Agilent White Paper,“最新光ネットワークにおけるファイバの性能評価パート2 偏波モード分散”, http://cp.literature.agilent.com/litweb/pdf/5989-1475JA.pdfAgilent White Paper, “Fibre Performance Evaluation in Advanced Optical Networks Part 2 Polarization Mode Dispersion”, http://cp.literature.agilent.com/litweb/pdf/5989-1475EN.pdf

図５に示すＰＤＬ測定器でＰＤＬの波長依存性を測定するには、送信側と受信側で同期をとる必要があるが、光伝送路と通信ケーブルを介する経路の違いにより、長距離伝送路においてＰＤＬの波長依存性を対向で測定することが困難であった。   In order to measure the wavelength dependence of PDL with the PDL measuring device shown in FIG. 5, it is necessary to synchronize between the transmission side and the reception side, but due to the difference between the optical transmission line and the route through the communication cable, the long distance transmission line In this case, it was difficult to measure the wavelength dependence of PDL on the opposite side.

図６に示すＰＤＬ測定器でＰＤＬの波長依存性を測定するには、長距離伝送路におけるＰＤＬ測定の際に、同期信号が雑音の影響を受けて減衰し、確実に同期をとることができない問題があった。   In order to measure the wavelength dependence of PDL with the PDL measuring device shown in FIG. 6, the synchronization signal attenuates due to the influence of noise during PDL measurement in a long-distance transmission line, and synchronization cannot be reliably established. There was a problem.

本発明は、送信側の波長可変光源の波長切り替えタイミングを受信側のＰＤＬメータで確実に検出して被測定系のＰＤＬの波長依存性を測定することができるＰＤＬ測定器およびＰＤＬ測定方法を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention provides a PDL measuring instrument and a PDL measuring method capable of reliably detecting the wavelength switching timing of a wavelength tunable light source on the transmitting side with a PDL meter on the receiving side and measuring the wavelength dependence of the PDL of the system under measurement. The purpose is to do.

第１の発明は、被測定系のＰＤＬの波長依存性を測定するＰＤＬ測定器において、複数の波長の測定光を１波長ずつ出力する波長可変光源と、波長可変光源から出力される測定光の偏波状態を変化させて被測定系に入力する偏波コントローラと、被測定系から出力される測定光を入力して各波長に分波し、各波長の測定光をモニタするモニタ手段と、被測定系から出力される測定光を入力し、モニタ手段のモニタ結果により測定光の波長が切り替わるタイミングを検出し、各波長における被測定系のＰＤＬを測定するＰＤＬメータとを備える。   According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a PDL measuring device for measuring the wavelength dependence of the PDL of the system to be measured, a wavelength variable light source that outputs measurement light of a plurality of wavelengths one wavelength at a time, and a measurement light output from the wavelength variable light source A polarization controller that changes the polarization state and inputs it to the system to be measured; a monitoring means that inputs the measurement light output from the system to be measured, demultiplexes it into each wavelength, and monitors the measurement light at each wavelength; A PDL meter that inputs measurement light output from the measurement target system, detects the timing at which the wavelength of the measurement light switches according to the monitoring result of the monitoring means, and measures the PDL of the measurement target system at each wavelength is provided.

第１の発明のＰＤＬ測定器におけるモニタ手段は、被測定系から出力される測定光を入力し、ｎ波長（ｎは２以上の整数）に分波する波長分波器と、波長分波器で分波された各波長の測定光のパワーをモニタし、ＰＤＬメータに通知するｎ個のパワーメータと、波長分波器で分波された各波長の測定光を合波し、被測定系から出力される測定光としてＰＤＬメータに入力する波長合波器とを備え、ＰＤＬメータは、ｎ個のパワーメータで検出された各波長のパワーが閾値を超えたタイミングで測定光の波長を認識し、当該波長における被測定系のＰＤＬを測定する構成である。   The monitoring means in the PDL measuring device according to the first aspect of the invention receives a measurement light output from the system under measurement, and demultiplexes the wavelength into n wavelengths (n is an integer of 2 or more), and a wavelength demultiplexer The power of the measurement light of each wavelength demultiplexed by n is monitored, and the n power meters notified to the PDL meter and the measurement light of each wavelength demultiplexed by the wavelength demultiplexer are combined, and the system to be measured And a wavelength multiplexer that is input to the PDL meter as measurement light output from the PDL meter, and the PDL meter recognizes the wavelength of the measurement light when the power of each wavelength detected by the n power meters exceeds a threshold value In this configuration, the PDL of the system under measurement at the wavelength is measured.

第１の発明のＰＤＬ測定器におけるモニタ手段は、被測定系から出力される測定光を２分岐し、その一方をＰＤＬメータに入力する光分岐器と、光分岐器で分岐された他方の測定光を入力し、ｎ波長（ｎは２以上の整数）に分波する波長分波器と、波長分波器で分波された各波長の測定光のパワーをモニタし、ＰＤＬメータに通知するｎ個のパワーメータとを備え、ＰＤＬメータは、ｎ個のパワーメータで検出された各波長のパワーが閾値を超えたタイミングで測定光の波長を認識し、当該波長における被測定系のＰＤＬを測定する構成である。   The monitoring means in the PDL measuring device according to the first aspect of the invention splits the measuring light output from the system under measurement into two branches, one of which is input to the PDL meter, and the other measurement branched by the optical branching device. Inputs light, monitors the power of the wavelength demultiplexer that demultiplexes into n wavelengths (n is an integer of 2 or more), and the measurement light of each wavelength demultiplexed by the wavelength demultiplexer, and notifies the PDL meter n power meters, the PDL meter recognizes the wavelength of the measurement light at the timing when the power of each wavelength detected by the n power meters exceeds the threshold, and determines the PDL of the system under measurement at the wavelength. It is the structure to measure.

第２の発明は、被測定系のＰＤＬの波長依存性を測定するＰＤＬ測定器において、複数の波長の測定光を波長の順番に出力する波長可変光源と、波長可変光源から出力される測定光の偏波状態を変化させて被測定系に入力する偏波コントローラと、被測定系から出力される測定光を入力して所定の波長周期でｍ波長（ｍは２以上の整数）に分波し、各波長の測定光をモニタするモニタ手段と、被測定系から出力される測定光を入力し、モニタ手段のモニタ結果により測定光の波長が所定の波長周期で順次切り替わるタイミングを検出し、各波長における被測定系のＰＤＬを測定するＰＤＬメータと備える。   According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a PDL measuring device that measures the wavelength dependence of the PDL of the system under measurement, a wavelength variable light source that outputs measurement light of a plurality of wavelengths in order of wavelengths, and measurement light output from the wavelength variable light source A polarization controller that changes the polarization state of the signal to be input to the system to be measured and a measurement light output from the system to be measured and demultiplexes into m wavelengths (m is an integer of 2 or more) at a predetermined wavelength period. The monitor means for monitoring the measurement light of each wavelength and the measurement light output from the system to be measured are input, and the timing at which the wavelength of the measurement light is sequentially switched at a predetermined wavelength period is detected from the monitoring result of the monitor means, A PDL meter that measures the PDL of the system under measurement at each wavelength is provided.

第２の発明のＰＤＬ測定器におけるモニタ手段は、被測定系から出力される測定光を入力し、所定の波長周期でｍ波長に分波する周期性波長分波器と、周期性波長分波器で分波された各波長の測定光のパワーをモニタし、ＰＤＬメータに通知するｍ個のパワーメータと、周期性波長分波器で分波された各波長の測定光を合波し、被測定系から出力される測定光としてＰＤＬメータに入力する光カプラとを備え、ＰＤＬメータは、ｍ個のパワーメータで所定の波長周期で順次検出された各波長のパワーが閾値を超えたタイミングで測定光の波長を認識し、当該波長における被測定系のＰＤＬを測定する構成である。   The monitoring means in the PDL measuring device according to the second aspect of the invention receives a measurement light output from the system under measurement, and a periodic wavelength demultiplexer for demultiplexing into m wavelengths at a predetermined wavelength period, and a periodic wavelength demultiplexing Monitoring the power of the measurement light of each wavelength demultiplexed by the analyzer, and combining the m power meters to notify the PDL meter and the measurement light of each wavelength demultiplexed by the periodic wavelength demultiplexer, An optical coupler that is input to the PDL meter as measurement light output from the system under measurement, and the PDL meter is a timing at which the power of each wavelength sequentially detected by the m power meters at a predetermined wavelength period exceeds a threshold value. In this configuration, the wavelength of the measurement light is recognized and the PDL of the system under measurement at the wavelength is measured.

第２の発明のＰＤＬ測定器におけるモニタ手段は、被測定系から出力される測定光を２分岐し、その一方をＰＤＬメータに入力する光分岐器と、光分岐器で分岐された他方の測定光を入力し、所定の波長周期でｍ波長に分波する周期性波長分波器と、周期性波長分波器で分波された各波長の測定光のパワーをモニタし、ＰＤＬメータに通知するｍ個のパワーメータとを備え、ＰＤＬメータは、ｍ個のパワーメータで所定の波長周期で順次検出された各波長のパワーが閾値を超えたタイミングで測定光の波長を認識し、当該波長における被測定系のＰＤＬを測定する構成である。   The monitoring means in the PDL measuring device according to the second invention comprises two branches of the measuring light output from the system under test, one of which is input to the PDL meter, and the other measurement branched by the optical branching device. Inputs light, monitors the power of the periodic wavelength demultiplexer that demultiplexes into m wavelengths at a predetermined wavelength period, and the measurement light power of each wavelength demultiplexed by the periodic wavelength demultiplexer, and notifies the PDL meter The PDL meter recognizes the wavelength of the measurement light at a timing when the power of each wavelength sequentially detected by the m power meters at a predetermined wavelength period exceeds a threshold, and the wavelength It is the structure which measures PDL of the to-be-measured system in.

第３の発明は、被測定系のＰＤＬの波長依存性を測定するＰＤＬ測定方法において、波長可変光源から複数の波長の測定光を１波長ずつ出力し、波長可変光源から出力される測定光の偏波状態を偏波コントローラで変化させて被測定系に入力し、被測定系から出力される測定光をモニタ手段に入力し、各波長に分波して各波長の測定光をモニタし、被測定系から出力される測定光をＰＤＬメータに入力し、モニタ手段のモニタ結果により測定光の波長が切り替わるタイミングを検出し、各波長における被測定系のＰＤＬを測定する。   According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the PDL measurement method for measuring the wavelength dependence of the PDL of the system under measurement, measurement light having a plurality of wavelengths is output from the wavelength variable light source one wavelength at a time, and the measurement light output from the wavelength variable light source Change the polarization state with the polarization controller and input it to the system to be measured, input the measurement light output from the system to be measured to the monitoring means, demultiplex it into each wavelength, and monitor the measurement light at each wavelength, The measurement light output from the measured system is input to the PDL meter, the timing at which the wavelength of the measured light is switched is detected based on the monitoring result of the monitoring means, and the measured system PDL is measured at each wavelength.

第４の発明は、被測定系のＰＤＬの波長依存性を測定するＰＤＬ測定方法において、波長可変光源から複数の波長の測定光を波長の順番に出力し、波長可変光源から出力される測定光の偏波状態を偏波コントローラで変化させて被測定系に入力し、被測定系から出力される測定光をモニタ手段に入力し、所定の波長周期でｍ波長（ｍは２以上の整数）に分波して各波長の測定光をモニタし、被測定系から出力される測定光をＰＤＬメータに入力し、モニタ手段のモニタ結果により測定光の波長が所定の波長周期で順次切り替わるタイミングを検出し、各波長における被測定系のＰＤＬを測定する。   4th invention is the PDL measuring method which measures the wavelength dependence of PDL of a to-be-measured system, outputs the measurement light of several wavelengths from a wavelength variable light source in order of a wavelength, and the measurement light output from a wavelength variable light source The polarization state is changed by the polarization controller and input to the system to be measured, and the measurement light output from the system to be measured is input to the monitor means, and m wavelengths with a predetermined wavelength period (m is an integer of 2 or more) The measurement light of each wavelength is monitored and the measurement light output from the system under test is input to the PDL meter, and the timing at which the wavelength of the measurement light is sequentially switched at a predetermined wavelength period according to the monitoring result of the monitoring means. Detect and measure the PDL of the system under measurement at each wavelength.

本発明は、被測定系とＰＤＬメータとの間で、被測定系から出力される測定光の波長が切り替わるタイミングを検出することにより、各波長におけるＰＤＬを測定することができる。すなわち、被測定系の後段の受信系内で検出する測定光の波長切り替えタイミングに同期したＰＤＬ測定により、被測定系が長距離伝送路であっても確実にＰＤＬの波長依存性を測定することができる。   The present invention can measure the PDL at each wavelength by detecting the timing at which the wavelength of the measurement light output from the measured system is switched between the measured system and the PDL meter. That is, the PDL measurement synchronized with the wavelength switching timing of the measurement light detected in the receiving system subsequent to the measured system can reliably measure the wavelength dependence of the PDL even if the measured system is a long-distance transmission line. Can do.

本発明のＰＤＬ測定器の実施例１を示す図である。It is a figure which shows Example 1 of the PDL measuring device of this invention. 本発明のＰＤＬ測定器の実施例２を示す図である。It is a figure which shows Example 2 of the PDL measuring device of this invention. 本発明のＰＤＬ測定器の実施例３を示す図である。It is a figure which shows Example 3 of the PDL measuring device of this invention. 本発明のＰＤＬ測定器の実施例４を示す図である。It is a figure which shows Example 4 of the PDL measuring device of this invention. 従来のＰＤＬ測定器の構成例１を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the structural example 1 of the conventional PDL measuring device. 従来のＰＤＬ測定器の構成例２を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the structural example 2 of the conventional PDL measuring device.

図１は、本発明のＰＤＬ測定器の実施例１の構成例を示す。
図１において、被測定系１３の前段の送信系は、波長λ1 〜λn の測定光を１波長ずつ所定の時間間隔で出力する波長可変光源１１および偏波コントローラ１２で構成される。被測定系１３の後段の受信系は、波長λ1 〜λn に分波する出力ポートを持つ波長分波器２１と、波長分波器２１のｎ個の出力ポートそれぞれに接続されて各波長の測定光のパワーをモニタするｎ個のパワーメータ（ＰＭ）２２−１〜２２−ｎと、各パワーメータの通過光をｎ個の入力ポートに入力して合波する波長合波器２３と、波長合波器２３の出力ポートに接続されるＰＤＬメータ１４で構成される。ｎ個のパワーメータ２２−１〜２２−ｎとＰＤＬメータ１４は受信系内の通信ケーブルで接続され、各波長の測定光のパワー検出値がＰＤＬメータ１４に通知される構成である。 FIG. 1 shows a configuration example of Embodiment 1 of the PDL measuring device of the present invention.
In FIG. 1, the transmission system in the previous stage of the system under measurement 13 includes a wavelength tunable light source 11 and a polarization controller 12 that output measurement light having wavelengths λ 1 to λ n one wavelength at a predetermined time interval. The receiving system at the subsequent stage of the system under measurement 13 is connected to each of the wavelength demultiplexer 21 having an output port for demultiplexing to wavelengths λ 1 to λ n and the n output ports of the wavelength demultiplexer 21 to each wavelength. N power meters (PM) 22-1 to 22-n for monitoring the power of the measurement light, and a wavelength multiplexer 23 for inputting the passing light of each power meter to the n input ports and combining them. The PDL meter 14 is connected to the output port of the wavelength multiplexer 23. The n power meters 22-1 to 22-n and the PDL meter 14 are connected by a communication cable in the reception system, and the power detection value of the measurement light of each wavelength is notified to the PDL meter 14.

波長可変光源１１は、出力する測定光の波長を、ＰＤＬメータ１４が１波長の測定を終える時間ｔよりも長い時間間隔Ｔで自動で切り替えるように設定する。各波長のＰＤＬは、ＰＤＬメータ１４において偏波スクランブル法またはミューラ法を用いて測定される。   The wavelength tunable light source 11 is set so that the wavelength of the measurement light to be output is automatically switched at a time interval T longer than the time t at which the PDL meter 14 finishes measuring one wavelength. The PDL of each wavelength is measured by the PDL meter 14 using the polarization scramble method or the Mueller method.

ここで、ＰＤＬメータ１４は、ｎ個のパワーメータ２２−１〜２２−ｎのパワー検出値に対する閾値Ｐthを設定し、各波長対応の各パワー検出値が閾値Ｐthを超えるタイミング、すなわち各波長の測定光が入力するタイミングを検出する。   Here, the PDL meter 14 sets a threshold value Pth for the power detection values of the n power meters 22-1 to 22-n, and the timing at which each power detection value corresponding to each wavelength exceeds the threshold value Pth, that is, for each wavelength. The timing when the measurement light is input is detected.

波長可変光源１１の波長λ1 に対する被測定系１３のＰＤＬを測定する場合は、波長λ1 に対応するパワーメータ２２−１のパワー検出値が閾値Ｐthを超えた時に、ＰＤＬメータ１４で被測定系１３のＰＤＬ測定を開始する。そしてＴ時間経過後、波長可変光源１１の波長がλ2 に切り替わると、前測定での波長λ1 に対応するパワーメータ２２−１の検出値が閾値Ｐth以下となり、波長λ2 に対応するパワーメータ２２−２の検出値が閾値Ｐth以上となる。このパワー検出値の変化をＰＤＬメータ１４で検出した直後に、次の波長λ2 に対する被測定系１３のＰＤＬ測定を開始する。以下同様に、パワーメータ２２−３〜２２−ｎのパワー検出値をモニタして波長λ3 からλn に対する被測定系１３のＰＤＬを測定することにより、被測定系１３のＰＤＬの波長依存性を測定することができる。 When measuring the PDL of the system under test 13 for the wavelength λ 1 of the wavelength tunable light source 11, when the power detection value of the power meter 22-1 corresponding to the wavelength λ 1 exceeds the threshold value Pth, the PDL meter 14 measures. PDL measurement of system 13 is started. When the wavelength of the wavelength tunable light source 11 is switched to λ 2 after the elapse of time T, the detected value of the power meter 22-1 corresponding to the wavelength λ 1 in the previous measurement becomes equal to or less than the threshold value Pth, and the power corresponding to the wavelength λ 2 The detection value of the meter 22-2 is equal to or greater than the threshold value Pth. Immediately after this change in the power detection value is detected by the PDL meter 14, PDL measurement of the system under test 13 for the next wavelength λ 2 is started. Similarly, by measuring the PDL of the measured system 13 monitors the power detection value of the power meter 22-3~22-n for lambda n from the wavelength lambda 3, the wavelength dependency of the PDL of the measuring system 13 Can be measured.

図２は、本発明のＰＤＬ測定器の実施例２の構成例を示す。
実施例２の特徴は、実施例１の測定光をモニタするための波長分波器２１、パワーメータ２２−１〜２２−ｎ、波長合波器２３に代えて、周期的な分波特性を有する周期性波長分波器２４と、１周期の分波波長数ｍに対応するパワーメータ２２−１〜２２−ｍ、各パワーメータの通過光を合波する光カプラ２５を用いた構成である。ここに示す周期性波長分波器２４は、波長λ1 ，λ2 ，…，λ2n-1，λ2nを交互に２つの出力ポートに分波する構成（ｍ＝２）であり、パワーメータ２２−１には奇数番目の波長λ1 ，λ3 ，…，λ2n-1の測定光が入力し、パワーメータ２２−２には偶数番目の波長λ2 ，λ4 ，…，λ2nの測定光が入力する。 FIG. 2 shows a configuration example of Embodiment 2 of the PDL measuring device of the present invention.
The feature of the second embodiment is that, instead of the wavelength demultiplexer 21, the power meters 22-1 to 22-n, and the wavelength multiplexer 23 for monitoring the measurement light of the first embodiment, a periodic demultiplexing characteristic is used. A periodic wavelength demultiplexer 24, power meters 22-1 to 22-m corresponding to the number m of demultiplexed wavelengths in one cycle, and an optical coupler 25 that multiplexes the light passing through each power meter. is there. The periodic wavelength demultiplexer 24 shown here has a configuration (m = 2) in which wavelengths λ 1 , λ 2 ,..., Λ 2n−1 , λ 2n are alternately demultiplexed into two output ports (m = 2). Measurement light of odd-numbered wavelengths λ 1 , λ 3 ,..., Λ 2n-1 is input to 22-1, and even-numbered wavelengths λ 2 , λ 4 ,. Measurement light is input.

波長可変光源３１は、波長λ1 ，λ2 ，…，λ2n-1，λ2nの測定光を順番に所定の時間間隔で出力する。ＰＤＬメータ１４で波長λ1 に対する被測定系１３のＰＤＬを測定する場合は、パワーメータ２２−１のパワー検出値が閾値Ｐthを超えた時に、ＰＤＬメータ１４で被測定系１３のＰＤＬ測定を開始する。そしてＴ時間経過後、波長可変光源１１の波長がλ2 に切り替わると、前測定での波長λ1 に対応するパワーメータ２２−１のパワー検出値が閾値Ｐth以下となり、波長λ2 に対応するパワーメータ２２−２のパワー検出値が閾値Ｐth以上となる。このパワー検出値の変化をＰＤＬメータ１４で検出した直後に、次の波長λ2 に対する被測定系１３のＰＤＬ測定を開始する。以下同様に、パワーメータ２２−１〜２２−２の検出値を交互にモニタし、波長λ3 からλ2nに対する被測定系１３のＰＤＬを測定することにより、被測定系１３のＰＤＬの波長依存性を測定することができる。 The wavelength tunable light source 31 sequentially outputs measurement light having wavelengths λ 1 , λ 2 ,..., Λ 2n−1 , λ 2n at predetermined time intervals. When measuring the PDL of the system under test 13 for the wavelength λ 1 with the PDL meter, when the power detection value of the power meter 22-1 exceeds the threshold Pth, the PDL meter starts the PDL measurement of the system under test 13 To do. When the wavelength of the wavelength tunable light source 11 is switched to λ 2 after the elapse of T time, the power detection value of the power meter 22-1 corresponding to the wavelength λ 1 in the previous measurement becomes equal to or less than the threshold value Pth and corresponds to the wavelength λ 2 . The power detection value of the power meter 22-2 becomes equal to or greater than the threshold value Pth. Immediately after this change in the power detection value is detected by the PDL meter 14, PDL measurement of the system under test 13 for the next wavelength λ 2 is started. Similarly, the detection values of the power meters 22-1 to 22-2 are alternately monitored, and the PDL of the measured system 13 with respect to the wavelengths λ 3 to λ 2n is measured, whereby the PDL of the measured system 13 depends on the wavelength. Sex can be measured.

このような周期性波長分波器２１としては、ＷＳＳ（波長選択スイッチ）、光インタリーバ、ＡＷＧ（アレイ導波路回折格子）などを用いることができる。   As such a periodic wavelength demultiplexer 21, a WSS (wavelength selective switch), an optical interleaver, an AWG (arrayed waveguide diffraction grating), or the like can be used.

図３は、本発明のＰＤＬ測定器の実施例３の構成例を示す。
図３において、被測定系１３の前段の送信系は実施例１と同様である。被測定系１３の後段の受信系は、被測定系１３から出力される測定光を分岐してその一方をＰＤＬメータ１４に入力する光カプラ２６と、分岐した他方の測定光を波長λ1 〜λn に分波する出力ポートを持つ波長分波器２１と、波長分波器２１のｎ個の出力ポートそれぞれに接続されて各波長の測定光のパワーをモニタするｎ個のパワーメータ（ＰＭ）２２−１〜２２−ｎで構成される。ｎ個のパワーメータ２２−１〜２２−ｎとＰＤＬメータ１４は受信系内の通信ケーブルで接続され、各波長の測定光のパワー検出値がＰＤＬメータ１４に通知される構成である。 FIG. 3 shows an example of the configuration of Embodiment 3 of the PDL measuring device of the present invention.
In FIG. 3, the transmission system upstream of the system under test 13 is the same as that of the first embodiment. The receiving system at the subsequent stage of the system under measurement 13 branches the measurement light output from the system under measurement 13 and inputs one of them to the PDL meter 14 and the other measurement light branched from the wavelength λ 1 to. A wavelength demultiplexer 21 having an output port for demultiplexing to λ n and n power meters (PM) connected to each of the n output ports of the wavelength demultiplexer 21 to monitor the power of measurement light of each wavelength ) 22-1 to 22-n. The n power meters 22-1 to 22-n and the PDL meter 14 are connected by a communication cable in the reception system, and the power detection value of the measurement light of each wavelength is notified to the PDL meter 14.

実施例１の構成に対して、各波長の測定光をモニタする手段が光カプラ２６を介して接続されるところが異なるが、被測定系１３のＰＤＬの波長依存性を測定する原理は実施例１の構成と同様である。   Unlike the configuration of the first embodiment, the means for monitoring the measurement light of each wavelength is connected via the optical coupler 26, but the principle of measuring the wavelength dependence of the PDL of the system under test 13 is the first embodiment. It is the same as that of the structure.

図４は、本発明のＰＤＬ測定器の実施例４の構成例を示す。
実施例４の特徴は、実施例３の測定光をモニタするための周期性波長分波器２４とパワーメータ２２−１〜２２−ｎに代えて、実施例２と同様に周期的な分波特性を有する周期性波長分波器２４と、１周期の分波波長数ｍに対応するパワーメータ２２−１〜２２−ｍを用いた構成である。ここに示す周期性波長分波器２４は、波長λ1 ，λ2 ，…，λ2n-1，λ2nを交互に２つの出力ポートに分波する構成（ｍ＝２）であり、パワーメータ２２−１には奇数番目の波長λ1 ，λ3 ，…，λ2n-1の測定光が入力し、パワーメータ２２−２には偶数番目の波長λ2 ，λ4 ，…，λ2nの測定光が入力する。 FIG. 4 shows a configuration example of Embodiment 4 of the PDL measuring device of the present invention.
The feature of the fourth embodiment is that, instead of the periodic wavelength demultiplexer 24 and the power meters 22-1 to 22-n for monitoring the measurement light of the third embodiment, the periodic demultiplexing is performed as in the second embodiment. The configuration uses a periodic wavelength demultiplexer 24 having characteristics and power meters 22-1 to 22-m corresponding to the number m of demultiplexed wavelengths in one cycle. The periodic wavelength demultiplexer 24 shown here has a configuration (m = 2) in which wavelengths λ 1 , λ 2 ,..., Λ 2n−1 , λ 2n are alternately demultiplexed into two output ports (m = 2). Measurement light of odd-numbered wavelengths λ 1 , λ 3 ,..., Λ 2n-1 is input to 22-1, and even-numbered wavelengths λ 2 , λ 4 ,. Measurement light is input.

実施例２の構成に対して、各波長の測定光をモニタする手段が光カプラ２６を介して接続されるところが異なるが、被測定系１３のＰＤＬの波長依存性を測定する原理は実施例２の構成と同様である。   Unlike the configuration of the second embodiment, the means for monitoring the measurement light of each wavelength is connected via the optical coupler 26, but the principle for measuring the wavelength dependence of the PDL of the system under test 13 is the second embodiment. It is the same as that of the structure.

１１ 波長可変光源
１２ 偏波コントローラ
１３ 被測定系
１４ ＰＤＬメータ
２１ 波長分波器
２２ パワーメータ
２３ 波長合波器
２４ 周期性波長分波器
２５ 光カプラ
２６ 光カプラ DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Variable wavelength light source 12 Polarization controller 13 System to be measured 14 PDL meter 21 Wavelength demultiplexer 22 Power meter 23 Wavelength multiplexer 24 Periodic wavelength demultiplexer 25 Optical coupler 26 Optical coupler

Claims (8)

被測定系の偏波依存性損失（以下、ＰＤＬという）の波長依存性を測定するＰＤＬ測定器において、
複数の波長の測定光を１波長ずつ出力する波長可変光源と、
前記波長可変光源から出力される前記測定光の偏波状態を変化させて前記被測定系に入力する偏波コントローラと、
前記被測定系から出力される前記測定光を入力して各波長に分波し、各波長の測定光をモニタするモニタ手段と、
前記被測定系から出力される前記測定光を入力し、前記モニタ手段のモニタ結果により前記測定光の波長が切り替わるタイミングを検出し、各波長における前記被測定系のＰＤＬを測定するＰＤＬメータと
を備えたことを特徴とするＰＤＬ測定器。 In a PDL measuring device that measures the wavelength dependence of the polarization dependent loss (hereinafter referred to as PDL) of the system under measurement,
A variable wavelength light source that outputs measurement light of a plurality of wavelengths one by one;
A polarization controller that changes the polarization state of the measurement light output from the wavelength tunable light source and inputs it to the system under measurement;
Monitoring means for inputting the measurement light output from the measurement target system, demultiplexing the measurement light into each wavelength, and monitoring the measurement light of each wavelength;
A PDL meter that inputs the measurement light output from the measurement target system, detects a timing at which the wavelength of the measurement light is switched based on a monitoring result of the monitoring unit, and measures the PDL of the measurement target system at each wavelength; A PDL measuring device comprising: 請求項１に記載のＰＤＬ測定器において、
前記モニタ手段は、
前記被測定系から出力される前記測定光を入力し、ｎ波長（ｎは２以上の整数）に分波する波長分波器と、
前記波長分波器で分波された各波長の測定光のパワーをモニタし、前記ＰＤＬメータに通知するｎ個のパワーメータと、
前記波長分波器で分波された各波長の測定光を合波し、前記被測定系から出力される前記測定光として前記ＰＤＬメータに入力する波長合波器と
を備え、
前記ＰＤＬメータは、前記ｎ個のパワーメータで検出された各波長のパワーが閾値を超えたタイミングで前記測定光の波長を認識し、当該波長における前記被測定系のＰＤＬを測定する構成である
ことを特徴とするＰＤＬ測定器。 The PDL measuring device according to claim 1,
The monitoring means includes
A wavelength demultiplexer that inputs the measurement light output from the measurement target system and demultiplexes the measurement light into n wavelengths (n is an integer of 2 or more);
N power meters that monitor the power of the measurement light of each wavelength demultiplexed by the wavelength demultiplexer and notify the PDL meter;
A wavelength multiplexer that multiplexes the measurement light of each wavelength demultiplexed by the wavelength demultiplexer and inputs the measurement light output from the measured system to the PDL meter;
The PDL meter is configured to recognize the wavelength of the measurement light at a timing when the power of each wavelength detected by the n power meters exceeds a threshold and measure the PDL of the system under measurement at the wavelength. A PDL measuring device characterized by that. 請求項１に記載のＰＤＬ測定器において、
前記モニタ手段は、
前記被測定系から出力される前記測定光を２分岐し、その一方を前記ＰＤＬメータに入力する光分岐器と、
前記光分岐器で分岐された他方の前記測定光を入力し、ｎ波長（ｎは２以上の整数）に分波する波長分波器と、
前記波長分波器で分波された各波長の測定光のパワーをモニタし、前記ＰＤＬメータに通知するｎ個のパワーメータと
を備え、
前記ＰＤＬメータは、前記ｎ個のパワーメータで検出された各波長のパワーが閾値を超えたタイミングで前記測定光の波長を認識し、当該波長における前記被測定系のＰＤＬを測定する構成である
ことを特徴とするＰＤＬ測定器。 The PDL measuring device according to claim 1,
The monitoring means includes
An optical splitter that splits the measurement light output from the system under test into two, and inputs one of the two into the PDL meter;
A wavelength demultiplexer that inputs the other measurement light branched by the optical demultiplexer and demultiplexes into n wavelengths (n is an integer of 2 or more);
N power meters that monitor the power of the measurement light of each wavelength demultiplexed by the wavelength demultiplexer and notify the PDL meter;
The PDL meter is configured to recognize the wavelength of the measurement light at a timing when the power of each wavelength detected by the n power meters exceeds a threshold and measure the PDL of the system under measurement at the wavelength. A PDL measuring device characterized by that. 被測定系の偏波依存性損失（以下、ＰＤＬという）の波長依存性を測定するＰＤＬ測定器において、
複数の波長の測定光を波長の順番に出力する波長可変光源と、
前記波長可変光源から出力される前記測定光の偏波状態を変化させて前記被測定系に入力する偏波コントローラと、
前記被測定系から出力される前記測定光を入力して所定の波長周期でｍ波長（ｍは２以上の整数）に分波し、各波長の測定光をモニタするモニタ手段と、
前記被測定系から出力される前記測定光を入力し、前記モニタ手段のモニタ結果により前記測定光の波長が所定の波長周期で順次切り替わるタイミングを検出し、各波長における前記被測定系のＰＤＬを測定するＰＤＬメータと
を備えたことを特徴とするＰＤＬ測定器。 In a PDL measuring device that measures the wavelength dependence of the polarization dependent loss (hereinafter referred to as PDL) of the system under measurement,
A wavelength tunable light source that outputs measurement light of a plurality of wavelengths in the order of wavelengths;
A polarization controller that changes the polarization state of the measurement light output from the wavelength tunable light source and inputs it to the system under measurement;
Monitoring means for inputting the measurement light output from the system to be measured, demultiplexing it into m wavelengths (m is an integer of 2 or more) at a predetermined wavelength period, and monitoring the measurement light of each wavelength;
The measurement light output from the system to be measured is input, and the timing at which the wavelength of the measurement light is sequentially switched at a predetermined wavelength period is detected based on the monitoring result of the monitoring unit, and the PDL of the system to be measured at each wavelength is determined. A PDL measuring device comprising: a PDL meter for measuring. 請求項４に記載のＰＤＬ測定器において、
前記モニタ手段は、
前記被測定系から出力される前記測定光を入力し、所定の波長周期でｍ波長に分波する周期性波長分波器と、
前記周期性波長分波器で分波された各波長の測定光のパワーをモニタし、前記ＰＤＬメータに通知するｍ個のパワーメータと、
前記周期性波長分波器で分波された各波長の測定光を合波し、前記被測定系から出力される前記測定光として前記ＰＤＬメータに入力する光カプラと
を備え、
前記ＰＤＬメータは、前記ｍ個のパワーメータで所定の波長周期で順次検出された各波長のパワーが閾値を超えたタイミングで前記測定光の波長を認識し、当該波長における前記被測定系のＰＤＬを測定する構成である
ことを特徴とするＰＤＬ測定器。 The PDL measuring device according to claim 4, wherein
The monitoring means includes
A periodic wavelength demultiplexer that inputs the measurement light output from the measurement target system and demultiplexes the measurement light into m wavelengths at a predetermined wavelength period;
M power meters for monitoring the power of measurement light of each wavelength demultiplexed by the periodic wavelength demultiplexer and notifying the PDL meter;
An optical coupler that multiplexes the measurement light of each wavelength demultiplexed by the periodic wavelength demultiplexer and inputs the measurement light output from the measured system to the PDL meter;
The PDL meter recognizes the wavelength of the measurement light at a timing when the power of each wavelength sequentially detected by the m power meters at a predetermined wavelength period exceeds a threshold, and the PDL of the measurement target system at the wavelength The PDL measuring device characterized by being configured to measure. 請求項４に記載のＰＤＬ測定器において、
前記モニタ手段は、
前記被測定系から出力される前記測定光を２分岐し、その一方を前記ＰＤＬメータに入力する光分岐器と、
前記光分岐器で分岐された他方の前記測定光を入力し、所定の波長周期でｍ波長に分波する周期性波長分波器と、
前記周期性波長分波器で分波された各波長の測定光のパワーをモニタし、前記ＰＤＬメータに通知するｍ個のパワーメータと
を備え、
前記ＰＤＬメータは、前記ｍ個のパワーメータで所定の波長周期で順次検出された各波長のパワーが閾値を超えたタイミングで前記測定光の波長を認識し、当該波長における前記被測定系のＰＤＬを測定する構成である
ことを特徴とするＰＤＬ測定器。 The PDL measuring device according to claim 4, wherein
The monitoring means includes
An optical splitter that splits the measurement light output from the system under test into two, and inputs one of the two into the PDL meter;
A periodic wavelength demultiplexer that inputs the other measurement light branched by the optical demultiplexer and demultiplexes into m wavelengths at a predetermined wavelength period;
M power meters that monitor the power of the measurement light of each wavelength demultiplexed by the periodic wavelength demultiplexer and notify the PDL meter;
The PDL meter recognizes the wavelength of the measurement light at a timing when the power of each wavelength sequentially detected by the m power meters at a predetermined wavelength period exceeds a threshold, and the PDL of the measurement target system at the wavelength The PDL measuring device characterized by being configured to measure. 被測定系の偏波依存性損失（以下、ＰＤＬという）の波長依存性を測定するＰＤＬ測定方法において、
波長可変光源から複数の波長の測定光を１波長ずつ出力し、
前記波長可変光源から出力される前記測定光の偏波状態を偏波コントローラで変化させて前記被測定系に入力し、
前記被測定系から出力される前記測定光をモニタ手段に入力し、各波長に分波して各波長の測定光をモニタし、
前記被測定系から出力される前記測定光をＰＤＬメータに入力し、前記モニタ手段のモニタ結果により前記測定光の波長が切り替わるタイミングを検出し、各波長における前記被測定系のＰＤＬを測定する
ことを特徴とするＰＤＬ測定方法。 In the PDL measurement method for measuring the wavelength dependency of the polarization dependent loss (hereinafter referred to as PDL) of the system under measurement,
Output measurement light of multiple wavelengths from wavelength tunable light source one wavelength at a time,
The polarization state of the measurement light output from the wavelength tunable light source is changed by a polarization controller and input to the measured system,
The measurement light output from the system under test is input to a monitoring means, demultiplexed into each wavelength, and monitoring the measurement light of each wavelength,
Inputting the measurement light output from the measured system into a PDL meter, detecting the timing at which the wavelength of the measured light is switched based on the monitoring result of the monitoring means, and measuring the PDL of the measured system at each wavelength; A PDL measurement method characterized by the above. 被測定系の偏波依存性損失（以下、ＰＤＬという）の波長依存性を測定するＰＤＬ測定方法において、
波長可変光源から複数の波長の測定光を波長の順番に出力し、
前記波長可変光源から出力される前記測定光の偏波状態を偏波コントローラで変化させて前記被測定系に入力し、
前記被測定系から出力される前記測定光をモニタ手段に入力し、所定の波長周期でｍ波長（ｍは２以上の整数）に分波して各波長の測定光をモニタし、
前記被測定系から出力される前記測定光をＰＤＬメータに入力し、前記モニタ手段のモニタ結果により前記測定光の波長が所定の波長周期で順次切り替わるタイミングを検出し、各波長における前記被測定系のＰＤＬを測定する
ことを特徴とするＰＤＬ測定方法。 In the PDL measurement method for measuring the wavelength dependency of the polarization dependent loss (hereinafter referred to as PDL) of the system under measurement,
Output measurement light of multiple wavelengths from the tunable light source in order of wavelength,
The polarization state of the measurement light output from the wavelength tunable light source is changed by a polarization controller and input to the measured system,
The measurement light output from the system to be measured is input to a monitoring unit, and is demultiplexed into m wavelengths (m is an integer of 2 or more) with a predetermined wavelength period, and the measurement light of each wavelength is monitored.
The measurement light output from the measurement target system is input to a PDL meter, and the timing at which the wavelength of the measurement light is sequentially switched at a predetermined wavelength period is detected based on the monitoring result of the monitoring means, and the measurement target system at each wavelength is detected. A method for measuring PDL, comprising:
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