JP4583099B2 - Seismic isolation construction method - Google Patents
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- JP4583099B2 JP4583099B2 JP2004226321A JP2004226321A JP4583099B2 JP 4583099 B2 JP4583099 B2 JP 4583099B2 JP 2004226321 A JP2004226321 A JP 2004226321A JP 2004226321 A JP2004226321 A JP 2004226321A JP 4583099 B2 JP4583099 B2 JP 4583099B2
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- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 title claims description 84
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005429 filling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
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- Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
- Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
Description
本発明は、地中に免震体を形成する方法に関するものであり、特に、矩形、円形等の任意形状に形成された地中・半地下・地上の構造物あるいは地盤の耐震性を向上させる技術に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for forming a seismic isolation body in the ground, and in particular, improves the seismic resistance of underground, semi-underground, ground structures or ground formed in an arbitrary shape such as a rectangle or a circle. Regarding technology.
矩形、円形等の任意形状に形成された地中・半地下・地上の構造物を免震構造にする場合、従来、構造物の周辺に免震材料を塗布したり、貼り付けるなどの施工を行ってきた(特許文献1参照)。 When making underground, semi-underground, or ground structures formed in any shape such as rectangular or circular, seismic isolation materials have been applied or pasted around the structure. (See Patent Document 1).
また、地中の構造物を免震構造にする場合、地中構造物の上スラブの上に滑り部材を布設することで、地震時に発生する地中構造物と上載土との摩擦力を低減するなど周辺地盤から地中構造物に作用する土圧が増大するのを防止できる構成も提案されている(特許文献2参照)。
例えば、既設の地中構造物を免震構造に施工する場合、従来のように構造物の周辺に免震材料を塗布・貼付したり、地中構造物の上スラブの上に滑り部材を布設するためには、地盤を掘り返し(開削し)地中構造物を露出させる必要がある。しかし、地盤を開削することは大きなコストが必要であり、また地上には様々な制約条件があり、開削すること自体が困難となる場合も多い。 For example, when installing an existing underground structure to a seismic isolation structure, a base isolation material is applied and pasted around the structure as in the past, or a sliding member is installed on the slab on the underground structure. In order to do this, it is necessary to dig up the ground (excavate) to expose the underground structure. However, excavation of the ground requires a large cost, and there are various restrictions on the ground, and excavation itself is often difficult.
このように、構造物周辺に免震材料を塗布したり、地中構造物の上スラブの上に滑り部材を布設する等の作業を行うことは、地中に新設構造物を築造する段階では、可能であるが、既設地中構造物に対する補強工事は、コスト高となったり、施工自体が困難である。 In this way, the application of seismic isolation materials around the structure and the installation of sliding members on the slab on the underground structure are the steps to build a new structure in the ground. Although it is possible, the reinforcement work for the existing underground structure is expensive or difficult.
また、地盤全体を強固に改良して耐震性を向上させることは、可能であるが、耐震補強工事により地盤自体を免震化して、地中・半地下・地上の構造物の耐震性を向上させる有効な方策は従来なかった。 Although it is possible to improve the earthquake resistance by solidly improving the entire ground, it is possible to improve the earthquake resistance of underground, semi-underground, and ground structures by making the ground itself seismically isolated by seismic reinforcement work. There has never been an effective way to do this.
本発明は、上記の技術的課題を解決するためになされたもので、その目的とするところは、既設の地上・半地下・地中構造物に対し開削しないで経済的合理的な免震化ができ、地盤の免震化も可能な免震体形成工法を提供することにある。 The present invention has been made to solve the above technical problem, and the object of the present invention is to provide economical and rational seismic isolation without excavating existing ground, semi-underground, and underground structures. It is possible to provide a seismic isolation body construction method that can be used for seismic isolation of the ground.
本発明の免震体形成工法は、前述の技術的課題を解決すべく以下のような構成とされている。
すなわち、本発明の免震体形成工法は、構造物近傍の地中に中空領域を造成する中空領域造成工程と、
前記中空領域に、後から固結または固体化する液体状あるいはゲル状の免震材料を充填する免震材料充填工程と、
を備え、前記地中で前記免震材料が固結または固体化した後は、周辺地盤より低強度もしくは柔らかい免震体を形成することを特徴とする。
The seismic isolation body forming method of the present invention has the following configuration in order to solve the above technical problem.
That is, the seismic isolation body forming method of the present invention includes a hollow region creation step of creating a hollow region in the ground near the structure,
A seismic isolation material filling step of filling the hollow region with a liquid or gel seismic isolation material that is consolidated or solidified later,
And after the seismic isolation material is consolidated or solidified in the ground, a base isolation body having a lower strength or softness than the surrounding ground is formed.
この構成によれば、構造物近傍に免震体を形成することにより、地震波により構造物に生じる曲げ歪み等を低下させることができる。また、免震体の材質や敷設範囲等をかえることによって曲げ歪み等の低下率を変化させることができる。 According to this configuration, by forming the seismic isolation body in the vicinity of the structure, it is possible to reduce a bending strain or the like generated in the structure due to the seismic wave. In addition, the rate of decrease in bending strain or the like can be changed by changing the material of the base isolation body, the laying range, or the like.
また、本発明の免震体形成工法において、前記中空領域造成工程は、
地上から、あるいは立抗から、前記構造物近傍まで鉛直、水平あるいは傾斜した孔を削孔し、前記孔を介して前記構造物近傍に、流体を噴射可能なロッドを建て込み、前記構造物の近傍において流体を噴射しながら前記ロッドを回転し、噴射切削により前記中空領域を造成することを特徴とする。なお、ロッドは、切削翼、切削板等を有するロッドであってもよく、それを回転して任意の高さ、場所を切削することにより空洞あるいは緩んだ領域を形成する。
Further, in the seismic isolation body forming method of the present invention, the hollow region creation step,
A vertical, horizontal or inclined hole is drilled from the ground or from the stand to the vicinity of the structure, and a rod capable of injecting fluid is built in the vicinity of the structure through the hole. The hollow region is formed by jet cutting by rotating the rod while jetting fluid in the vicinity. The rod may be a rod having a cutting blade, a cutting plate or the like, and a cavity or a loose region is formed by rotating the rod to cut an arbitrary height and place.
更に、本発明の免震体形成工法において、前記中空領域造成工程は、
前記中空領域にベントナイトを用いた泥水等を満たし、前記中空領域を保持することを特徴とする。すなわち、空洞または緩んだ地中の領域が崩壊する恐れがある場合は、ベントナイトなど粘土を用いた泥水等を満たすことにより、崩壊を防止し、空洞を保持する。
Furthermore, in the seismic isolation body forming method of the present invention, the hollow region creation step,
The hollow region is filled with muddy water using bentonite or the like, and the hollow region is retained. That is, when there is a possibility that the cavity or the loose underground area may collapse, by filling muddy water using clay such as bentonite, the collapse is prevented and the cavity is retained.
更にまた、本発明の免震体形成工法において、前記中空領域造成工程と前記免震材料充填工程とを位置を変えて繰り返し、前記構造物近傍の広い領域に前記免震体を形成することを特徴とする。この構成によれば、前記構造物近傍の広い領域に前記免震体を形成することで、広い領域の地盤を免震化でき、地上構造物と地中構造物とを同時に免震化することができる。 Furthermore, in the seismic isolation body forming method of the present invention, the hollow region creation step and the seismic isolation material filling step are repeated at different positions to form the seismic isolation body in a wide region near the structure. Features. According to this configuration, by forming the seismic isolation body in a wide area near the structure, the ground in a wide area can be seismically isolated, and the ground structure and the underground structure can be seismically isolated simultaneously. Can do.
以上、本発明によれば、構造物近傍の地中に中空領域を造成する施工と、前記中空領域に、後から固結または固体化する液体状あるいはゲル状の免震材料を充填する施工と、を繰り返し、前記地中で前記免震材料を固結または固体化させて周辺地盤より低強度もしくは柔らかい免震体を形成することにより、構造物や地盤を免震化することができる。 As described above, according to the present invention, construction for creating a hollow region in the ground near the structure, and construction for filling the hollow region with a liquid or gel seismic isolation material that is consolidated or solidified later. The structure and the ground can be seismically isolated by repeating the above, and solidifying or solidifying the seismic isolation material in the ground to form a base having a lower strength or softer than the surrounding ground.
従って、本発明によれば、(1)開削しないで地中構造物を免震化できる。(2)空洞を形成してから免震材を充填するため、確実な免震体を形成できる。(3)任意の場所に免震体を形成することにより、経済的合理的な免震化ができる。(4)位置を変えて施工を複数回繰り返すことにより、広い領域にわたり免震層を構築できるので地盤を免震化することができ、結果的に、地上構造物、あるいは半地下構造物の基礎地盤に免震層を形成することで、地上構造物あるいは半地下構造物を同時に免震化できる、といった効果を奏する。 Therefore, according to the present invention, (1) the underground structure can be seismically isolated without being cut. (2) Since a seismic isolation material is filled after a cavity is formed, a reliable seismic isolation body can be formed. (3) Economically rational seismic isolation can be achieved by forming seismic isolation bodies at any location. (4) The seismic isolation layer can be constructed over a wide area by changing the position several times and the ground can be seismically isolated. As a result, the foundation of the ground structure or semi-underground structure By forming a seismic isolation layer on the ground, the ground structure or semi-underground structure can be seismically isolated at the same time.
以下に図面を参照して、この発明を実施するための最良の形態に係る免震体形成工法を例示的に詳しく説明する。
本発明の免震体形成工法は、図1に示すように、構造物1近傍の地中2に一点鎖線にて示す中空領域3を造成する中空領域造成工程と、造成した中空領域3に、後から固結または固体化する液体状あるいはゲル状の免震材料を充填する免震材料充填工程と、を備え、地中2で前記免震材料を固結または固体化させて周辺地盤より低強度もしくは柔らかい免震体4を形成する工法である。
Hereinafter, with reference to the drawings, a seismic isolation body forming method according to the best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail by way of example.
As shown in FIG. 1, the seismic isolation body forming method of the present invention includes a hollow region forming step for forming a
[中空領域造成工程の説明]
中空領域造成工程は、図2に示すように、地上から構造物1近傍まで鉛直方向に孔2aを削孔する。次に、孔2aを介して、流体を噴射可能なロッド5を構造物1近傍に建て込む。なお、ロッド5は、筒形状を有し、筒先端の周壁にノズル5aが複数個設けてある。
ロッド5は、図示しない軸受に支えられて回転自在に構成されており、筒内部に沿って圧送される流体(例えば、高圧水・泥水等)をノズル5aより噴射しながら回転し、噴射切削を行う。
[Description of hollow area creation process]
In the hollow region creation step, as shown in FIG. 2, holes 2 a are drilled in the vertical direction from the ground to the vicinity of the structure 1. Next, a rod 5 capable of ejecting fluid is built in the vicinity of the structure 1 through the hole 2a. The rod 5 has a cylindrical shape, and a plurality of
The rod 5 is rotatably supported by a bearing (not shown). The rod 5 rotates while jetting fluid (for example, high-pressure water or muddy water) fed along the inside of the cylinder from the
次に、ロッド5を回転させながら、筒内部に沿って圧送される高圧水6をノズル5aより噴射し、噴射切削を行い、任意の高さ、場所を切削することにより中空領域3を形成する。なお、中空領域3は、噴射切削により空洞あるいは緩んだ領域を形成する。
Next, while rotating the rod 5, the
次に、空洞または緩んだ地中の領域が崩壊する恐れがある場合は、ベントナイトなど粘土を用いた泥水7等をロッド5を介して満たすことにより、中空領域3の崩壊を防止し、空洞を保持する。
Next, when there is a possibility that the hollow or the loose underground region may collapse, the
[免震材料充填工程の説明]
免震材料8は、固結または固体化した後は周辺地盤より低強度もしくは柔らかい材料である。また、免震材料8は、ロッド5、又は別の充填用ロッドを介して中空領域3に充填することから、充填時には流体状あるいはゲル状の材料である。
[Description of seismic isolation material filling process]
The
免震材料充填工程では、中空領域造成工程の後、ロッド5、又は別の充填用ロッドの筒内部に沿って圧送される免震材料8を中空領域3に充填し、地中2で免震材料8が固結または固体化した後は、周辺地盤より低強度もしくは柔らかい免震体4を形成する。
In the seismic isolation material filling step, the
[免震体の形状]
免震体は、効率的な免震化が可能なように、地下構造物の形状や、地盤の性質・状況に応じて様々な形状が考えられる。
[Shape of seismic isolation body]
There are various types of seismic isolation bodies depending on the shape of the underground structure and the nature and conditions of the ground so that efficient seismic isolation can be achieved.
図3は、地下構造物が矩形の2連ボックスカルバート11と、円形の管路10の場合を示す。
すなわち、図3(a)は2連ボックスカルバート11の上スラブ上に中空領域31を造成し、免震体41を形成した場合を示す。
FIG. 3 shows a case where the underground structure is a rectangular double box culvert 11 and a
That is, FIG. 3A shows a case where the
図3(b)は2連ボックスカルバート11の両側壁に中空領域32,32を造成し、免震体42,42を形成した場合を示す。中空領域32,32を造成する場合、地上から直接鉛直に孔を削孔してもよいし、一旦2連ボックスカルバート11の両側壁近傍に立坑を掘り、この立坑から水平に孔を削孔して中空領域32,32を造成してもよい。
FIG. 3B shows a case where the
図3(c)は管路10の上部に中空領域33を造成し、免震体43を形成した場合を示す。
FIG. 3C shows a case where the
図3(d)は管路10の上部及び両側に中空領域34を造成し、免震体44を形成した場合を示す。中空領域34を造成する場合、地上から直接鉛直に孔を削孔してもよいし、一旦管路10の両側近傍に立坑を掘り、この立坑から水平に孔を削孔して中空領域34を造成してもよい。
FIG. 3 (d) shows a case where a
この実施の形態によれば、構造物近傍の地中に中空領域を造成する施工と、前記中空領域に、後から固結または固体化する液体状あるいはゲル状の免震材料を充填する施工と、を繰り返し、前記地中で前記免震材料が固結または固体化した後は、周辺地盤より低強度もしくは柔らかい免震体を形成することにより、構造物や地盤を免震化することができる。 According to this embodiment, construction for creating a hollow region in the ground in the vicinity of the structure, construction for filling the hollow region with a liquid or gel seismic isolation material to be consolidated or solidified later, and After the seismic isolation material is consolidated or solidified in the ground, the structure and the ground can be seismically isolated by forming a seismic isolation body having a lower strength or softer than the surrounding ground. .
また、構造物近傍に免震体を形成することにより、地震波により構造物に生じる曲げ歪
み等を低下させることができる。また、免震体の材質や敷設範囲等をかえることによって曲げ歪み等の低下率を変化させることができる。
Further, by forming the seismic isolation body in the vicinity of the structure, it is possible to reduce a bending strain or the like generated in the structure due to the seismic wave. In addition, the rate of decrease in bending strain or the like can be changed by changing the material of the base isolation body, the laying range, or the like.
従って、この実施の形態によれば、開削しないで地中構造物を免震化でき、空洞を形成してから免震材を充填するため、確実な免震体を形成でき、任意の場所に免震体を形成することにより、経済的合理的な免震化ができる、といった効果を奏する。 Therefore, according to this embodiment, the underground structure can be seismically isolated without excavation, and since the cavity is filled with the seismic isolation material, a reliable seismic isolation body can be formed at any place. By forming a seismic isolation body, it is possible to achieve an economical and rational seismic isolation.
[別の実施の形態]
次に、本発明の別の実施の形態として、構造物近傍の広い領域に前記免震体を形成し、広い領域の地盤を免震化する場合を説明する。
[Another embodiment]
Next, as another embodiment of the present invention, a case will be described in which the seismic isolation body is formed in a wide area in the vicinity of the structure and the ground in a wide area is seismically isolated.
図4に示す領域では、地上において、コンクリート建造物12や木造建造物13が建っており、地中2において、矩形の2連ボックスカルバート11や円形の管路10が埋設されている。
In the region shown in FIG. 4, a
この別の実施の形態は、構造物10〜13近傍の地中2に一点鎖線にて示す中空領域30を造成する中空領域造成工程と、造成した中空領域30に、後から固結または固体化する液体状あるいはゲル状の免震材料を充填する免震材料充填工程と、を備え、地中2で前記免震材料が固結または固体化した後は、周辺地盤より低強度もしくは柔らかい免震体40を形成する工法である。
This another embodiment includes a hollow region forming step for forming a
この別の実施の形態の中空領域造成工程では、地上建造物12,13それぞれの間に複数の孔21,22,23を鉛直方向に削孔し、孔毎に位置を変えて中空領域造成工程と免震材料充填工程とを繰り返し、前記構造物近傍の広い領域に免震体40を形成する。
In the hollow region creation process of this other embodiment, a plurality of
この別の実施の形態の構成によれば、構造物近傍の広い領域に前記免震体を形成することで、広い領域の地盤を免震化でき、地上構造物12,13と地中構造物10,11とを同時に免震化することができる。
According to the configuration of this another embodiment, by forming the seismic isolation body in a wide area in the vicinity of the structure, the ground in a wide area can be isolated, and the
また、この別の実施の形態の構成によれば、位置を変えて施工を複数回繰り返すことにより、広い領域にわたり免震層を構築できるので地盤を免震化することができ、結果的に、地上構造物12,13、あるいは地中構造物10,11の基礎地盤に免震層を形成することで、地上構造物12,13、あるいは地中構造物10,11を同時に免震化できる。
In addition, according to the configuration of this another embodiment, by changing the position and repeating the construction a plurality of times, it is possible to build a base isolation layer over a wide area, so that the ground can be seismically isolated. By forming the seismic isolation layer on the foundation ground of the
1 構造物
2 地中
3 中空領域
4 免震体
5 ロッド
6 高圧水
7 泥水
8 免震材料
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1
Claims (3)
前記中空領域に、後から固結または固体化する液体状あるいはゲル状の免震材料を充填する免震材料充填工程と、を備え、
前記地中で前記免震材料が固結または固体化した後は、周辺地盤より低強度もしくは柔らかい免震体を形成することを特徴とする免震体形成工法。 A hollow region creation step of creating a slab-like hollow region in the ground near the structure , filling the hollow region with muddy water using bentonite, and holding the hollow region;
A seismic isolation material filling step of filling the hollow region with a liquid or gel seismic isolation material that is consolidated or solidified later;
A seismic isolation body forming method characterized in that after the seismic isolation material is consolidated or solidified in the ground, a base isolation body having a lower strength or softness than the surrounding ground is formed.
地上から、あるいは立抗から、前記構造物近傍まで鉛直、水平あるいは傾斜した孔を削孔し、
前記孔を介して前記構造物近傍に、流体を噴射可能なロッドを建て込み、
前記構造物の近傍において流体を噴射しながら前記ロッドを回転し、
噴射切削により前記中空領域を造成することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の免震体形成工法。 The hollow region creation step includes
Drill a vertical, horizontal or inclined hole from the ground or from the stand to the vicinity of the structure,
A rod capable of ejecting fluid is built in the vicinity of the structure through the hole,
Rotating the rod while ejecting fluid in the vicinity of the structure;
The seismic isolation body forming method according to claim 1, wherein the hollow region is formed by spray cutting.
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JP4958612B2 (en) * | 2007-04-12 | 2012-06-20 | 鹿島建設株式会社 | Seismic isolation structure |
JP5747458B2 (en) * | 2010-07-30 | 2015-07-15 | 清水建設株式会社 | Ground displacement absorption isolation structure |
JP5532326B2 (en) * | 2010-07-30 | 2014-06-25 | 清水建設株式会社 | Construction method of underground wall |
JP6572030B2 (en) * | 2015-07-09 | 2019-09-04 | 株式会社不動テトラ | Seismic isolation structure for soft ground |
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