JP4337347B2 - Method for producing phenol - Google Patents

Method for producing phenol Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4337347B2
JP4337347B2 JP2003003267A JP2003003267A JP4337347B2 JP 4337347 B2 JP4337347 B2 JP 4337347B2 JP 2003003267 A JP2003003267 A JP 2003003267A JP 2003003267 A JP2003003267 A JP 2003003267A JP 4337347 B2 JP4337347 B2 JP 4337347B2
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Prior art keywords
phenol
phase
cumene
weight
distillation
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JP2003003267A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2004217529A (en
Inventor
吉秀 木村
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Mitsubishi Chemical Corp
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Mitsubishi Chemical Corp
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、キュメン法によりフェノールを製造する際に生成するフェノールタールから、キュメン、α−メチルスチレン及びフェノールを取得する方法に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
キュメン法では、キュメンハイドロパーオキシドの酸分解反応液を蒸留して、酸分解により生成したアセトン、キュメン、α−メチルスチレン及びフェノールを留出させて回収している。蒸留残留物であるフェノールタールは熱分解してキュメン、α−メチルスチレン及びフェノールを生成させ、蒸留してこれらを留出させて回収し、留出しなかった蒸留残渣は焼却処分している。
【0003】
ところで、酸分解反応液には酸が含まれているので、蒸留に供する前にアルカリ水溶液で中和処理した後、油相と水相とに分離し、油相を蒸留に供している。しかし、油相には少量の塩が残存するので、蒸留残留物であるフェノールタールには、この残存した塩が濃縮されている。フェノールタール中に多量の塩が含まれていると、熱分解工程での熱交換器の閉塞、焼却用バーナーの腐食及びスケール沈積等を引き起こすので、熱分解に供する前にフェノールタールから塩を除去することが行われている。
【0004】
フェノールタール中の塩濃度を低下させる方法としては、タールを向流押出機で水のみによって洗浄する方法(特許文献1参照)、タールを希薄な水性オルト燐酸と混合した後、水性相を除去する方法(特許文献2参照)等が提案されている。
しかしながら、特許文献1に記載されている方法には、タールの粘性が高いため洗浄が十分に行われない、水中にフェノール等の有用成分が溶け出すなどの問題がある。また、特許文献2に記載された方法には、燐酸を使用するためコストがかかる、装置が腐食するなどの問題がある。
【0005】
【特許文献1】
特開平8−301803号公報
【特許文献2】
特開平11−279562号公報
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、キュメン法フェノールの製造方法において、フェノールタールに含まれる塩を除去する改良された方法を提供することを課題とする。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、上記課題に鑑み鋭意研究したところ、中和された酸分解反応液を油相と水相とに分離する相分離工程で分離された水相を含む水溶液で、フェノールタールを洗浄することにより、フェノールタール中の塩を効率よく除去できることを見出し、本発明を完成させた。
すなわち、本発明の要旨は、キュメンハイドロパーオキシドの酸分解反応液をアルカリで中和する中和工程、中和された反応液を油相と水相とに分離する相分離工程、相分離工程で得られた油相を蒸留してアセトン、キュメン、α−メチルスチレン及びフェノールを留出させる蒸留工程、並びに蒸留工程の蒸留残留物であるフェノールタールを熱分解してキュメン、α−メチルスチレン及びフェノールを生成させて回収する熱分解工程の各工程を有するキュメン法フェノールの製造方法において、フェノールタールを、上記相分離工程で分離された水相を含む水溶液であって、その塩濃度が10〜30重量%のもので洗浄して含有されている塩分を低減させた後、熱分解工程に供給することを特徴とする方法にある。
【0008】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明で酸分解反応に供するキュメンハイドロパーオキシドは、公知のいずれの方法で製造されたものであってもよい。通常は、キュメンを酸化した後、公知の方法で65〜95重量%に濃縮したキュメンハイドロパーオキシド濃縮物を、硫酸等の鉱酸を用いて酸分解する。
【0009】
アセトン、キュメン、α−メチルスチレン及びフェノール等の有用成分を含む酸分解反応液は、アルカリ水溶液と混合して含まれている酸を中和する。アルカリ水溶液としては、通常は水酸化ナトリウム水溶液が用いられる。また、後述する蒸留工程で得られるアセトン、キュメン及びα−メチルスチレンはフェノールを含んでいることがあり、通常はアルカリ水溶液で洗浄することによりフェノールを除去している。中和には、この洗浄で得られるフェノールを含むアルカリ水溶液を用いることもできる。
【0010】
次いで、中和液を油相と水相とに分離し、油相を蒸留塔に供給して有用成分を取得する。蒸留は、通常、複数の蒸留塔を用い、アセトン、キュメン、α−メチルスチレン及びフェノールを順次留出させることにより行う。フェノールを留出させた蒸留塔の塔底からは、アセトフェノン、フェノール、α―メチルスチレンダイマー、クミルフェノール及びその他の高沸点成分、並びにナトリウムフェノキシド等の有機塩及び硫酸ナトリウム等の無機塩を含むフェノールタールを回収する。通常、フェノールタール中の塩の含有量は、0.01〜2重量%である。
【0011】
本発明では、フェノールタールを相分離工程で分離された水相を含む水溶液で洗浄することにより、フェノールタール中の塩を除去する。
洗浄には、相分離工程で分離された水相のみを用いても、水相を水で希釈した洗浄水を用いてもよい。通常、塩濃度が3〜30重量%の洗浄水を用いる。無機塩濃度の下限は、5重量%、特に10重量%が好ましい。無機塩濃度の上限は、28重量%、特に25重量%が好ましい。無機塩濃度が3重量%未満では、塩析効果が不十分なためフェノールが水中に溶出し、またエマルションを形成することがある。塩濃度が高いほどフェノールの溶出が防止され、かつ水溶液の比重が大きくなってエマルションが形成され難くなるが、塩濃度が高すぎると水溶液へ塩が抽出され難くなり、洗浄効果が低下する。
【0012】
洗浄水は、通常pH4〜10のものを用いる。pH5〜9、特にpH6〜8のものが好ましい。洗浄液のpHが低すぎると装置の腐食を招き、高すぎるとフェノールが溶出しやすくなる。
洗浄水は、フェノールタール100重量部に対し、通常は50重量部以上となるように用いる。洗浄水の量が多いほど塩を除去することができるので、洗浄水はフェノールタールに対し200重量部以上、特に300重量部以上となるように用いるのが好ましい。しかし、洗浄水の量が多くなりすぎると、フェノールの洗浄水への溶出量が多くなるので、通常は1000重量部以上用いるのは有利ではない。
洗浄は、フェノールタールと洗浄水とを混合した後、油相と水相とに分離する方法であれば任意である。例えば、バッチ法、連続法等が挙げられる。
【0013】
洗浄により塩を除去したフェノールタールは、熱分解工程で熱分解してフェノール、α−メチルスチレン及びキュメン等の有用成分を含む熱分解反応液を生成させ、これらを蒸留により分離する。蒸留残渣は、塩をほとんど含んでいないため、燃料として焼却処理しても装置を腐食することがない。
【0014】
【実施例】
本発明を実施例により更に具体的に説明するが、本発明はその要旨を超えない限り、以下の実施例に限定されるものではない。
実施例1
キュメンハイドロパーオキシド濃縮物に硫酸を加えて酸分解させた後、この反応液を水酸化ナトリウム水溶液により中和し、静置して水相(硫酸ナトリウム濃度:23重量%、pH6.4)と油相とに分離させた。油相を蒸留塔に供給して蒸留し、塔頂からアセトン及びキュメンを主成分とする軽沸留分を留出させ、塔底からフェノール及び高沸留分を缶出させた。この塔底液を第二の蒸留塔に供給して減圧蒸留し、塔頂からフェノールを留出させ、塔底からフェノールタールをポンプで抜き出した。フェノールタールは、アセトフェノン21重量%、フェノール20重量%、α―メチルスチレンダイマー10重量%、クミルフェノール19重量%、及びその他の高沸点成分30重量%からなり、ナトリウムを360重量ppmで含んでいた。このフェノールタールに、先に分離した水相と蒸留水とを1/1の重量比で混合した洗浄水(硫酸ナトリウム濃度:11.5重量%)を、フェノールタール/洗浄水の重量比が7/20となるように混合し、60℃で5分間攪拌後、10分間静置して、油相を採取した。油相中のNa濃度を表1に示す。
【0015】
実施例2
実施例1において、水相/蒸留水の重量比が7/3となるように混合した洗浄水(硫酸ナトリウム濃度:16.1重量%)を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にして油相を採取した。油相中のNa濃度を表1に示す。
実施例3
実施例1において、水相/蒸留水の重量比が9/1となるように混合した洗浄水(硫酸ナトリウム濃度:20.7重量%)を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にして油相を採取した。油相中のNa濃度を表1に示す。
【0016】
実施例4
実施例1において、水相/蒸留水の重量比が19/1となるように混合した洗浄水(硫酸ナトリウム濃度:21.9重量%)を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にして油相を採取した。油相中のNa濃度を表1に示す。
実施例5
実施例1において、水相のみを洗浄液として用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にして油相を採取した。油相中のNa濃度を表1に示す。
【0017】
比較例1
実施例1において、蒸留水のみを洗浄液として用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にしてフェノールタールの洗浄操作を行ったところ、エマルションが形成され、10分間静置しても油相と水相とが分離しなかった。
【0018】
【表1】

Figure 0004337347
【0019】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、フェノールタール中の塩を容易に除去することができる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for obtaining cumene, α-methylstyrene and phenol from a phenol tar produced when phenol is produced by the cumene method.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In the cumene method, the acid decomposition reaction solution of cumene hydroperoxide is distilled, and acetone, cumene, α-methylstyrene and phenol produced by the acid decomposition are distilled and recovered. Phenol tar which is a distillation residue is pyrolyzed to produce cumene, α-methylstyrene and phenol, and these are distilled and recovered by distillation, and the distillation residue which has not been distilled is incinerated.
[0003]
By the way, since the acid decomposition reaction solution contains an acid, it is neutralized with an alkaline aqueous solution before being subjected to distillation, and then separated into an oil phase and an aqueous phase, and the oil phase is subjected to distillation. However, since a small amount of salt remains in the oil phase, this remaining salt is concentrated in the phenol tar which is a distillation residue. If a large amount of salt is contained in the phenol tar, it will cause clogging of the heat exchanger in the pyrolysis process, corrosion of the incinerator burner, scale deposition, etc., so remove the salt from the phenol tar before subjecting it to pyrolysis. To be done.
[0004]
As a method for reducing the salt concentration in phenol tar, the tar is washed only with water in a countercurrent extruder (see Patent Document 1), the tar is mixed with dilute aqueous orthophosphoric acid, and then the aqueous phase is removed. The method (refer patent document 2) etc. are proposed.
However, the method described in Patent Document 1 has problems such that the viscosity of tar is high and thus washing is not sufficiently performed, and useful components such as phenol are dissolved in water. Further, the method described in Patent Document 2 has problems such as high cost due to the use of phosphoric acid and corrosion of the apparatus.
[0005]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-8-301803 [Patent Document 2]
JP-A-11-279562 [0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to provide an improved method for removing salts contained in phenol tar in a method for producing a cumene method phenol .
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present inventors have made and Kan seen sharp mind studies of the above problems, an aqueous solution containing an aqueous phase separated in the phase separation step of separating the neutralized acid decomposition reaction mixture into an oil phase and an aqueous phase, the phenol It was found that the salt in the phenol tar can be efficiently removed by washing the tar , and the present invention was completed.
That is, the gist of the present invention is a neutralization step of neutralizing an acid decomposition reaction solution of cumene hydroperoxide with an alkali, a phase separation step of separating the neutralized reaction solution into an oil phase and an aqueous phase, a phase separation step The distillation phase obtained by distilling the oil phase obtained in (1) to distill acetone, cumene, α-methylstyrene and phenol, and the phenol tar which is the distillation residue of the distillation step is pyrolyzed to form cumene, α-methylstyrene and In the method for producing a cumene method phenol having each step of a thermal decomposition step of generating and recovering phenol, phenol tar is an aqueous solution containing an aqueous phase separated in the phase separation step, and the salt concentration thereof is 10 to 10. The method is characterized in that the salt content is reduced by washing with 30% by weight and then supplied to the pyrolysis step.
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The cumene hydroperoxide subjected to the acid decomposition reaction in the present invention may be produced by any known method. Usually, after oxidation of cumene, a cumene hydroperoxide concentrate concentrated to 65 to 95% by weight by a known method is subjected to acid decomposition using a mineral acid such as sulfuric acid.
[0009]
The acid decomposition reaction solution containing useful components such as acetone, cumene, α-methylstyrene and phenol neutralizes the acid contained by mixing with an alkaline aqueous solution. As the alkaline aqueous solution, a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution is usually used. In addition, acetone, cumene and α-methylstyrene obtained in the distillation step described below may contain phenol, and the phenol is usually removed by washing with an alkaline aqueous solution. For neutralization, an aqueous alkaline solution containing phenol obtained by this washing can also be used.
[0010]
Next, the neutralized liquid is separated into an oil phase and an aqueous phase, and the oil phase is supplied to a distillation column to obtain useful components. Distillation is usually performed by distilling acetone, cumene, α-methylstyrene and phenol sequentially using a plurality of distillation columns. The bottom of the distillation column from which phenol is distilled contains acetophenone, phenol, α-methylstyrene dimer, cumylphenol and other high-boiling components, and organic salts such as sodium phenoxide and inorganic salts such as sodium sulfate. Phenol tar is recovered. Usually, the salt content in the phenol tar is 0.01 to 2% by weight.
[0011]
In the present invention, the salt in the phenol tar is removed by washing the phenol tar with an aqueous solution containing the aqueous phase separated in the phase separation step.
For washing, only the aqueous phase separated in the phase separation step may be used, or washing water obtained by diluting the aqueous phase with water may be used. Usually, wash water having a salt concentration of 3 to 30% by weight is used. The lower limit of the inorganic salt concentration is preferably 5% by weight, particularly 10% by weight. The upper limit of the inorganic salt concentration is preferably 28% by weight, particularly 25% by weight. When the inorganic salt concentration is less than 3% by weight, the salting-out effect is insufficient, so that phenol is eluted in water and an emulsion may be formed. As the salt concentration is higher, elution of phenol is prevented, and the specific gravity of the aqueous solution is increased and it is difficult to form an emulsion. However, when the salt concentration is too high, the salt is difficult to be extracted into the aqueous solution and the cleaning effect is reduced.
[0012]
Washing water with a pH of 4 to 10 is usually used. Those having a pH of 5 to 9, particularly 6 to 8 are preferred. If the pH of the cleaning liquid is too low, the apparatus will be corroded, and if it is too high, phenol will be easily eluted.
The washing water is usually used in an amount of 50 parts by weight or more with respect to 100 parts by weight of phenol tar. Since the salt can be removed as the amount of the washing water increases, the washing water is preferably used in an amount of 200 parts by weight or more, particularly 300 parts by weight or more based on the phenol tar. However, if the amount of washing water is too large, the amount of phenol eluted into the washing water increases, so it is usually not advantageous to use 1000 parts by weight or more.
Cleaning, after mixing phenol tar and the wash water is arbitrary as long as it is a method for separating into an oil phase and an aqueous phase. For example, a batch method, a continuous method, etc. are mentioned.
[0013]
The phenol tar from which the salt has been removed by washing is pyrolyzed in a pyrolysis step to produce a pyrolysis reaction liquid containing useful components such as phenol, α-methylstyrene and cumene, and these are separated by distillation. Since the distillation residue contains almost no salt, the apparatus does not corrode even if incinerated as a fuel.
[0014]
【Example】
EXAMPLES The present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples. However, the present invention is not limited to the following examples unless it exceeds the gist.
Example 1
After sulfuric acid was added to the cumene hydroperoxide concentrate for acid decomposition, the reaction solution was neutralized with an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution and allowed to stand to form an aqueous phase (sodium sulfate concentration: 23 wt%, pH 6.4). Separated into oil phase. The oil phase was supplied to a distillation column for distillation, and a light boiling fraction mainly composed of acetone and cumene was distilled from the top of the column, and phenol and a high boiling fraction were distilled from the bottom of the column. This column bottom liquid was supplied to the second distillation column and distilled under reduced pressure, phenol was distilled from the column top, and phenol tar was extracted from the column bottom with a pump. Phenol tar is composed of 21% by weight of acetophenone, 20% by weight of phenol, 10% by weight of α-methylstyrene dimer, 19% by weight of cumylphenol, and 30% by weight of other high-boiling components, and contains sodium at 360 ppm by weight. It was. Wash water (sodium sulfate concentration: 11.5% by weight) obtained by mixing the phenol tar with the previously separated aqueous phase and distilled water at a weight ratio of 1/1, the weight ratio of phenol tar / wash water is 7 The mixture was stirred at 60 ° C. for 5 minutes and allowed to stand for 10 minutes to collect an oil phase. Table 1 shows the Na concentration in the oil phase.
[0015]
Example 2
In Example 1, oil was used in the same manner as in Example 1 except that wash water (sodium sulfate concentration: 16.1% by weight) mixed so that the weight ratio of aqueous phase / distilled water was 7/3 was used. The phase was collected. Table 1 shows the Na concentration in the oil phase.
Example 3
In Example 1, oil was used in the same manner as in Example 1 except that wash water (sodium sulfate concentration: 20.7% by weight) mixed so that the weight ratio of the aqueous phase / distilled water was 9/1 was used. The phase was collected. Table 1 shows the Na concentration in the oil phase.
[0016]
Example 4
In Example 1, oil was used in the same manner as in Example 1 except that wash water (sodium sulfate concentration: 21.9% by weight) mixed so that the weight ratio of aqueous phase / distilled water was 19/1 was used. The phase was collected. Table 1 shows the Na concentration in the oil phase.
Example 5
In Example 1, the oil phase was collected in the same manner as in Example 1 except that only the aqueous phase was used as the cleaning liquid. Table 1 shows the Na concentration in the oil phase.
[0017]
Comparative Example 1
In Example 1, except that only distilled water was used as a cleaning liquid, a phenol tar cleaning operation was performed in the same manner as in Example 1. As a result, an emulsion was formed, and an oil phase and an aqueous phase were formed even after standing for 10 minutes. And did not separate.
[0018]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004337347
[0019]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, salts in phenol tar can be easily removed.

Claims (3)

キュメンハイドロパーオキシドの酸分解反応液をアルカリで中和する中和工程、中和された反応液を油相と水相とに分離する相分離工程、相分離工程で得られた油相を蒸留してアセトン、キュメン、α−メチルスチレン及びフェノールを留出させる蒸留工程、並びに蒸留工程の蒸留残留物であるフェノールタールを熱分解してキュメン、α−メチルスチレン及びフェノールを生成させて回収する熱分解工程の各工程を有するキュメン法フェノールの製造方法において、フェノールタールを、上記相分離工程で分離された水相を含む水溶液であって、その塩濃度が10〜30重量%のもので洗浄して含有されている塩分を低減させた後、熱分解工程に供給することを特徴とする方法。Neutralization step of neutralizing cumene hydroperoxide acid decomposition reaction solution with alkali, phase separation step of separating neutralized reaction solution into oil phase and water phase, distillation of oil phase obtained in phase separation step The distillation process for distilling acetone, cumene, α-methylstyrene and phenol, and the heat recovered by generating and recovering cumene, α-methylstyrene and phenol by thermally decomposing phenol tar which is the distillation residue of the distillation process the method of manufacturing a cumene method phenols having the steps of decomposing step, the phenol tar, an aqueous solution which comprises an aqueous phase separated in the phase separation process, the salt concentration was washed with those of 10 to 30 wt% And reducing the salt content contained therein, and then supplying it to the thermal decomposition step. 水相を含む水溶液が、pH4〜10のものであることを特徴とする請求項1記載の方法。Aqueous solution containing a water phase, claim 1 Symbol mounting method is characterized in that this is the pH 4-10. フェノールタール100重量部に対して、水相を含む水溶液50重量部以上を用いて洗浄することを特徴とする請求項1又は2記載の方法。The method according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the washing is performed using 50 parts by weight or more of an aqueous solution containing an aqueous phase with respect to 100 parts by weight of phenol tar.
JP2003003267A 2003-01-09 2003-01-09 Method for producing phenol Expired - Lifetime JP4337347B2 (en)

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US11370735B2 (en) * 2018-12-20 2022-06-28 Lg Chem, Ltd. Method for decomposing phenolic by-product

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CN102212025B (en) * 2011-04-11 2013-06-05 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Method for improving rectification yield of nitrated product
CN107298636B (en) * 2016-04-14 2021-01-29 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Method for extracting p-cumylphenol from phenol tar
CN106986739A (en) * 2017-04-06 2017-07-28 乐陵力维化学品有限责任公司 The production technology that a kind of phenol raffinate is recycled

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11370735B2 (en) * 2018-12-20 2022-06-28 Lg Chem, Ltd. Method for decomposing phenolic by-product

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