JP3999239B2 - Wooden frame structure - Google Patents

Description

本発明は、小屋組や床組に用いる木造軸組構造に関する。   The present invention relates to a wooden frame structure used for a hut group and a floor group.

横架材を長方形に組付け、梁を横架材間に垂直に架け渡し、根太を梁に直交させ、隅を火打材で補強した構造体の上側に、床板（合板製）を張った木造軸組構造が一般に知られている。
しかし、上記木造軸組構造は、つぎの様な課題がある。
梁は、多数の根太を架け渡すため、太いものが用いられているが、平行する横架材間に架け渡されているので、内部的安定維持に余り貢献していない。
また、梁と、梁に平行する横架材との間に根太を架け渡す構造であるので、火打材は細く、隅部も小面積であるので補強効果は低い。
これらの理由により、強風や地震等により、強い外力を受けると、木造軸組構造に捩れが生じる場合がある。 A wooden structure in which horizontal members are assembled in a rectangular shape, beams are bridged vertically between horizontal members, joists are perpendicular to the beams, and corners are reinforced with fire-damaged materials, and floors (made of plywood) are stretched above the structure. A shaft structure is generally known.
However, the wooden frame structure has the following problems.
A thick beam is used to bridge many joists, but it does not contribute much to maintaining internal stability because it is bridged between parallel horizontal members.
In addition, since the joist is bridged between the beam and the horizontal member parallel to the beam, the striking material is thin and the corners have a small area, so the reinforcing effect is low.
For these reasons, when a strong external force is applied due to a strong wind or an earthquake, the wooden frame structure may be twisted.

そこで、本願出願人は、特許文献１なる、小屋組、床組の軸組構造を出願（平成元年７月）し、登録された。
上記小屋組、床組の軸組構造は、下記の利点を有している。
火打材と柱との距離を１１０ｃｍ程度と大きく取ってある。横架材に根太が４５°に架け渡されている。梁が火打材の軸線と直交する。これらの構成により、軸組構造は、外力による捩れに対する外部応力への耐久性が向上し、風、地震に対して強い。
切断加工は、全て木材加工工場で行い、加工現場では組付け作業のみ行っている。このため、各部材が規格統一できるので番付けどおり組付ければ良いので熟練者でなくても組付けができる。
ボルト締めを多用したことにより、組付時に手間が省ける。
畳間数の多少に関わらず、小屋組、床組の軸組構造に適応できる。
実公平７−５１３０号公報 Accordingly, the applicant of the present application has applied for and registered a shaft structure of a hut group and a floor group as disclosed in Patent Document 1 (July 1989).
The frame structure of the hut and floor groups has the following advantages.
The distance between the hitting material and the pillar is as large as about 110 cm. A joist is laid across the horizontal member at 45 °. The beam is orthogonal to the axis of the hitting material. With these configurations, the shaft structure has improved durability against external stress against torsion due to external force, and is strong against wind and earthquake.
All cutting processes are performed at the wood processing factory, and only assembly work is performed at the processing site. For this reason, since each member can unify the standards, it is only necessary to assemble them according to the numbering.
The use of bolt tightening saves time during assembly.
Regardless of the number of tatami mats, it can be adapted to the skeleton and floor frame structure.
No. 7-5130

しかし、特許文献１は、上記利点を有するものの、以下の様な課題がある。
横架材、梁、火打材に、多数本（１４本〜２８本程度）の根太が必要である。
根太を架け渡す作業に、手間とコストがかかる。
多数本の根太を架け渡すため、多数のほぞ穴を火打材や梁に形成する必要があり、断面欠損が多くなり、木材の強度が落ち易い。 However, although patent document 1 has the said advantage, there exist the following subjects.
A large number of joists (about 14 to 28) are required for the horizontal members, beams and fire hitting materials.
It takes time and money to cross the joists.
In order to bridge many joists, it is necessary to form a large number of mortises in the fire striking material or beam.

本発明の目的は、外部応力の耐久性に優れるとともに、現場で容易に組み付けることができる、低コストな木造軸組構造の提供にある。   An object of the present invention is to provide a low-cost wooden frame structure that is excellent in durability of external stress and can be easily assembled on site.

〔請求項１について〕
矩形状に配置した四本の柱に、構造体の長辺となる長尺の横架材と、構造体の短辺となる短尺の横架材とを連結して長方形に組み付けている。
対角線上に位置する一組の隅の直交する横架材間に、架け渡す火打材どうしが平行になる様に一本づつ火打材を架け渡して、対角線上に位置する二隅を補強している。
そして、一方側が火打材の軸線と直交する様に、各隅の火打材と長尺の横架材との間に、二本ずつ梁を架け渡して構造体としている。
更に、複数枚の平板を蟻継ぎにより連結して構造体に載置し、平板の下面に位置する、横架材、火打材、および梁に対して上面から釘を打ち付けて、複数枚の平板を構造体に固定し、木造軸組構造体としている。 [About claim 1]
A long horizontal member that is the long side of the structure and a short horizontal member that is the short side of the structure are connected to four columns arranged in a rectangular shape and assembled into a rectangle.
Between horizontal member of the corner of the orthogonal pair of diagonally positioned, by bridging the angle brace member to each other is one by one angle brace member so as to be parallel to bridging, to reinforce the two corners located diagonally Yes.
Then, two beams are bridged between the fired material at each corner and the long horizontal member so that one side is orthogonal to the axis of the fired material to form a structure.
Further, a plurality of flat plates are connected by dovetails and placed on the structure, and nails are struck from the upper surface to the horizontal member, the fire striking material, and the beam located on the lower surface of the flat plate. Is fixed to the structure to make a wooden frame structure.

木造軸組構造は、二隅を火打材で補強し、梁の一方側が火打材の軸線と直交する様に、各隅の火打材と長尺の横架材との間に、二本ずつ梁を架け渡して構造体とし、更に、複数枚の平板を蟻継ぎにより連結して下面に位置する、横架材、火打材、および梁に対して上面から釘を打ち付けて構造体に固定したことにより根太が廃止でき、且つ、根太を架け渡した特許文献１のものより捩れに対する剛性を大幅に強くできる。なお、梁と火打材の軸線とのなす角が直角であるので強度的に優れる。また、木造軸組構造は、蟻継ぎにより連結した複数枚の平板を構造体の上側に釘で打ち付けているので、横方向の捩れ（水平剛性）に対して強い。
この木造軸組構造は、根太を全く使っていないので、根太を架け渡す作業が不要となり、手間が著しく省け、コストが大幅に削減でき、現場で極めて容易、且つ短期間で組み付けることができる。
また、木造軸組構造は、上記構造により、外力による捩れに対する外部応力への耐久性に優れ、強風や地震等による強い外力を受けても、様々な方向に受けた力が分散し、一箇所に力が集中しないので、揺れに強く、木造軸組構造を採用した木造建物に捩れが生じ難い。
この木造軸組構造は、短尺の横架材と、長尺の横架材との長さの差が大きく、構造体が細長い長方形の場合に適応できる。 Wooden structures, to reinforce the two corners at angle brace member, as one side of the beam is perpendicular to the axis of the angle brace member, between the horizontal member of the angle brace member and elongate each corner, a beam by two The structure was constructed by laying over the plates, and a plurality of flat plates were connected by dovetails and fixed to the structure by hitting nails from the upper surface to the horizontal frame, fire striking material, and beams located on the lower surface . As a result, the joist can be abolished, and the rigidity against torsion can be greatly increased as compared with that of Patent Document 1 in which the joist is bridged. Since the angle formed between the beam and the axis of the hitting material is a right angle, the strength is excellent. Further, the wooden frame structure is strong against lateral twisting (horizontal rigidity) because a plurality of flat plates connected by dovetails are nailed on the upper side of the structure with nails.
Since this wooden frame structure does not use joists, no work is required to bridge the joists, so that labor is remarkably saved, costs can be greatly reduced, and it can be assembled very easily on site and in a short period of time.
In addition, the wooden frame structure is excellent in durability against external stress against torsion due to external force due to the above structure, and even if it receives strong external force such as strong wind or earthquake, the force received in various directions is dispersed, and one place Since the force is not concentrated on the structure, it is resistant to shaking, and it is difficult for twisting to occur in a wooden building employing a wooden frame structure .
Wooden structures This is a short horizontal members, large length difference between the horizontal member of the long, can be adapted to the case where the structure is an elongated rectangle.

〔請求項２について〕
矩形状に配置した四本の柱に、構造体の長辺となる長尺の横架材と、構造体の短辺となる短尺の横架材とを連結して長方形に組み付けている。
構造体の対角線上に位置する一組の隅の直交する横架材間に、架け渡す火打材どうしが平行になる様に火打材を一本づつ架け渡して、対角線上に位置する二隅を補強している。 また、構造体の別の対角線上に位置する別の一組の隅の直交する横架材間に、架け渡す火打材どうしが平行になる様に火打材を一本づつ架け渡して、別の対角線上に位置する二隅を補強している。
そして、一組の隅の各火打材と長尺の横架材との間に、一方側が火打材の軸線と略直交する様に梁を一本づつ架け渡し、且つ、一組の隅の火打材間に別の梁を直交する様に架け渡して構造体としている。
更に、複数枚の平板を蟻継ぎにより連結して構造体に載置し、平板の下面に位置する、横架材、火打材、および梁に対して上面から釘を打ち付けて、複数枚の平板を構造体に固定し、木造軸組構造としている。 [About claim 2]
A long horizontal member that is the long side of the structure and a short horizontal member that is the short side of the structure are connected to four columns arranged in a rectangular shape and assembled into a rectangle.
Between each pair of crossed horizontal members located on the diagonal of the structure, cross the fired materials one by one so that the fired materials to be bridged are parallel to each other. It is reinforced. In addition, between the horizontal members perpendicular to each other set of corners located on another diagonal of the structure, lay the fired materials one by one so that the fired materials to be bridged are parallel to each other. Two corners located on the diagonal are reinforced.
Between the pair of corner horizontal member of each angle brace member and elongated, one side is hung one by one the beam so as to axis substantially orthogonal angle brace member, and a set of a corner of the angle brace Another beam is bridged between the materials so as to be orthogonal to each other to form a structure.
Further , a plurality of flat plates are connected by dovetails and placed on the structure, and nails are struck from the upper surface to the horizontal member, the fire striking material, and the beam located on the lower surface of the flat plate. Is fixed to the structure to make a wooden frame structure.

木造軸組構造は、四隅を火打材で補強し、一組の隅の各火打材と長尺の横架材との間に、一方側が火打材の軸線と略直交する様に梁を一本づつ架け渡し、且つ、一組の隅の火打材間に別の梁を直交する様に架け渡して構造体とし、更に、複数枚の平板を蟻継ぎにより連結して下面に位置する、横架材、火打材、および梁に対して上面から釘を打ち付けて構造体に固定したことにより根太が廃止でき、且つ、根太を架け渡した特許文献１のものより捩れに対する剛性を大幅に強くできる。なお、梁と火打材の軸線とのなす角が直角であるので強度的に優れる。また、木造軸組構造は、蟻継ぎにより連結した複数枚の平板を構造体の上側に釘で打ち付けているので、横方向の捩れ（水平剛性）に対して強い。
この木造軸組構造は、根太を全く使っていないので、根太を架け渡す作業が不要となり、手間が著しく省け、コストが大幅に削減でき、現場で極めて容易、且つ短期間で組み付けることができる。
また、木造軸組構造は、上記構造により、外力による捩れに対する外部応力への耐久性に優れ、強風や地震等による強い外力を受けても、様々な方向に受けた力が分散し、一箇所に力が集中しないので、揺れに強く、木造軸組構造を採用した木造建物に捩れが生じ難い。
この木造軸組構造は、短尺の横架材と、長尺の横架材との長さの差が小さく、構造体の形状が正方形に近い長方形の場合に適応できる。 In the wooden frame structure, four corners are reinforced with fire hitting material, and one beam is placed between each shot hitting material in one set of corners and a long horizontal member so that one side is substantially perpendicular to the axis of the shot hitting material. increments hung pass, and, as one set of between corner of angle brace material bridging as orthogonal another beam structure, further, located on the lower surface with a plurality of flat plates connected by dovetail, lateral bridging The joist can be abolished by striking a nail from the upper surface against the material, fire striking material, and beam , and the joist can be abolished, and the rigidity against torsion can be greatly increased as compared with that of Patent Document 1 that spans the joist. . Since the angle formed between the beam and the axis of the hitting material is a right angle, the strength is excellent. Further, the wooden frame structure is strong against lateral twisting (horizontal rigidity) because a plurality of flat plates connected by dovetails are nailed on the upper side of the structure with nails.
Since this wooden frame structure does not use joists, no work is required to bridge the joists, so that labor is remarkably saved, costs can be greatly reduced, and it can be assembled very easily on site and in a short period of time.
In addition, the wooden frame structure is excellent in durability against external stress against torsion due to external force due to the above structure, and even if it receives strong external force such as strong wind or earthquake, the force received in various directions is dispersed, and one place Since the force is not concentrated on the structure, it is resistant to shaking, and it is difficult for twisting to occur in a wooden building employing a wooden frame structure .
Wooden structures This is a short horizontal members, the difference in length between the horizontal member of the long is small, it can be adapted to the case where the shape of the structure is rectangular close to a square.

〔請求項３について〕
矩形状に配置した四本の柱に、同寸法の横架材を連結して正方形に組み付けている。
構造体の対角線上に位置する一組の隅の直交する横架材間に、架け渡す火打材どうしが平行になる様に一本づつ火打材を架け渡している。また、構造体の別の対角線上に位置する一組の隅の直交する横架材間に、架け渡す火打材どうしが平行になる様に２本づつ間隔を空けて架け渡している。更に、一組の隅の火打材間に梁を直交する様に架け渡して構造体としている。
更に、複数枚の平板を蟻継ぎにより連結して構造体に載置し、平板の下面に位置する、横架材、火打材、および梁に対して上面から釘を打ち付けて、複数枚の平板を構造体に固定し、木造軸組構造としている。 [About claim 3]
A horizontal member of the same size is connected to four columns arranged in a rectangular shape and assembled into a square.
Between each pair of orthogonal cross members at a set of corners located on the diagonal of the structure, the fire hitting materials are bridged one by one so that the fire hitting materials to be bridged are parallel to each other. In addition, a pair of horizontal struts positioned on another diagonal line of the structure are crossed at intervals of two so that the fired struts to be bridged are parallel to each other. Further be bridged so as to perpendicular to the beam and the structure between a pair of corners of the angle brace member.
Further, a plurality of flat plates are connected by dovetails and placed on the structure, and nails are struck from the upper surface to the horizontal member, the fire striking material, and the beam located on the lower surface of the flat plate. Is fixed to the structure to make a wooden frame structure.

木造軸組構造は、二隅を火打材で補強し、他の二隅を２本の火打材で補強し、一組の隅の火打材間に梁を直交する様に架け渡して構造体とし、
更に、複数枚の平板を蟻継ぎにより連結して下面に位置する、横架材、火打材、および梁に対して上面から釘を打ち付けて構造体に固定したことにより根太が廃止でき、且つ、根太を架け渡した特許文献１のものより捩れに対する剛性を大幅に強くできる。なお、梁と火打材の軸線とのなす角が直角であるので強度的に優れる。また、木造軸組構造は、蟻継ぎにより連結した複数枚の平板を構造体の上側に釘で打ち付けているので、横方向の捩れ（水平剛性）に対して強い。
この木造軸組構造は、根太を全く使っていないので、根太を架け渡す作業が不要となり、手間が著しく省け、コストが大幅に削減でき、現場で極めて容易、且つ短期間で組み付けることができる。
また、木造軸組構造は、上記構造により、外力による捩れに対する外部応力への耐久性に優れ、強風や地震等による強い外力を受けても、様々な方向に受けた力が分散し、一箇所に力が集中しないので、揺れに強く、木造軸組構造を採用した木造建物に捩れが生じ難い。
この木造軸組構造は、四本の横架材の長さが全て同じで、構造体の形状が正方形の場合に適応できる。 Wooden structures, two corners were reinforced with angle brace member, to reinforce the other two corners of the two in angle brace member, to bridged so as to orthogonal to the beam and structure between a pair of corners of the angle brace member ,
Further, located on the lower surface with a plurality of flat plates connected by dovetail, horizontal member, can at joists abolished by angle brace member, and fixed to the structure nailed nails from the top surface relative to the beam, and The rigidity against torsion can be greatly increased as compared with that of Patent Document 1 in which a joist is bridged. Since the angle formed between the beam and the axis of the hitting material is a right angle, the strength is excellent. Further, the wooden frame structure is strong against lateral twisting (horizontal rigidity) because a plurality of flat plates connected by dovetails are nailed on the upper side of the structure with nails.
Since this wooden frame structure does not use joists, no work is required to bridge the joists, so that labor is remarkably saved, costs can be greatly reduced, and it can be assembled very easily on site and in a short period of time.
In addition, the wooden frame structure is excellent in durability against external stress against torsion due to external force due to the above structure, and even if it receives strong external force such as strong wind or earthquake, the force received in various directions is dispersed, and one place Since the force is not concentrated on the structure, it is resistant to shaking, and it is difficult for twisting to occur in a wooden building employing a wooden frame structure .
Wooden structures This, all the length of the four of horizontal members the same, the shape of the structure can be adapted to a square.

木造軸組構造は、四箇所に立設した通し柱に、同寸法の横架材を四本、連結して正方形に組み付け、左上の隅および右下の隅に、対向する火打材どうしが平行になる様に、１本づつ火打材を架け渡して、左上の隅および右下の隅を補強し、右上の隅および左下の隅に、対向する火打材どうしが平行になる様に、２本づつ火打材を架け渡して、右上の隅および左下の隅を補強し、左上の隅および右下の隅に架け渡した火打材間に、梁を架け渡して正方形の構造体とし、この構造体の上側に、蟻継ぎにより連結した八枚の杉板（厚さ４ｃｍ）を釘で打ち付けている。   In the wooden frame structure, four horizontal members of the same size are connected to a through column erected at four locations and assembled into a square shape, and the opposing striking materials are parallel to the upper left corner and the lower right corner. As you can see, hit the fired materials one by one, reinforce the upper left corner and the lower right corner, and two each so that the opposed fired materials are parallel to the upper right corner and the lower left corner A fire straddling material is bridged to reinforce the upper right corner and the lower left corner, and between the fire striking materials spanned to the upper left corner and the lower right corner, a beam is formed into a square structure. On the upper side, eight cedar boards (thickness 4 cm) connected by dovetails are nailed with nails.

この木造軸組構造は、根太を全く使っていないので、根太を架け渡す作業が不要となり、手間が著しく省け、コストが大幅に削減できる。なお、工場で加工した木材を現場へ運び、現場で短期間で組み付けることができる。
また、木造軸組構造は、上記構造により、外力による捩れに対する外部応力への耐久性に優れ、強風や地震等による強い外力を受けても、様々な方向に受けた力が分散し、一箇所に力が集中しないので木造建物に捩れが生じ難い。
木造軸組構造は、蟻継ぎにより連結した複数枚の平板を構造体の上側に打ち付けているので、横方向の捩れ（水平剛性）に対して強い。 Since this wooden frame structure does not use joists at all, there is no need to work on the joists, saving labor and significantly reducing costs. In addition, wood processed at the factory can be transported to the site and assembled in a short period of time.
In addition, the wooden frame structure is excellent in durability against external stress against torsion due to external force due to the above structure, and even if it receives strong external force such as strong wind or earthquake, the force received in various directions is dispersed, and one place Since the power is not concentrated on the wooden building, it is difficult for the wooden building to twist.
The wooden frame structure is strong against lateral torsion (horizontal rigidity) because a plurality of flat plates connected by dovetails are driven against the upper side of the structure.

本発明の実施例１（請求項１に対応）を、図１、図２に基づいて説明する。
小屋組（二階四畳間用）の木造軸組構造Ａは、横架材１１〜１４を通し柱２１〜２４に連結して長方形に組み付け、横架材１２と横架材１３との間に火打材３１を架け渡して図示左上隅を補強し、横架材１１と横架材１４との間に火打材３２を架け渡して図示右下隅を補強し、横架材１１と火打材３１との間に梁４１、４２を架け渡し、横架材１２と火打材３２との間に梁４３、４４を架け渡して図１に示す長方形の構造体１０とし、八枚の杉板５１を構造体１０の上面に釘ｄで打ち付けて（図２参照）構成している。 A first embodiment (corresponding to claim 1) of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
The wooden frame structure A (for the second-floor four tatami mats) is assembled in a rectangular shape by connecting the horizontal members 11 to 14 to the pillars 21 to 24, and is fired between the horizontal member 12 and the horizontal member 13. The material 31 is bridged to reinforce the upper left corner in the figure, the fire striking material 32 is bridged between the horizontal member 11 and the horizontal member 14 to reinforce the lower right corner in the figure, and the horizontal member 11 and the fire striking material 31 are The beams 41 and 42 are bridged between them, and the beams 43 and 44 are bridged between the horizontal member 12 and the fire striking material 32 to form the rectangular structure 10 shown in FIG. It is constructed by striking the upper surface of 10 with nails d (see FIG. 2).

横架材１１、１２は、末口が２４ｃｍ〜３０ｃｍ、長さ４ｍの地松材である。また、横架材１３、１４は、末口が２１ｃｍ〜２４ｃｍ、長さ１．８ｍの地松材である。   The horizontal members 11 and 12 are ground pine materials having an end of 24 cm to 30 cm and a length of 4 m. Moreover, the horizontal members 13 and 14 are ground pine materials having a tail end of 21 cm to 24 cm and a length of 1.8 m.

梁４１〜４４は、断面が１８ｃｍ×１２ｃｍの地松材である。これらの梁４１〜４４は、一方側４１ａ〜４４ａが火打材３１、３２の軸線と直交する様に蟻継ぎされ、火打材３１、３２と横架材１１、１２との間に架け渡されている。なお、梁４１〜４４の他方側４１ｂ〜４４ｂと横架材１１、１２との固定はボルト締め（１５φ×４０ｃｍ）である。また、火打材４１〜４４どうしが平行であり、等間隔に配されている。なお、寸法ｊ＝１．２３ｍ、寸法ｋ＝１ｍ、寸法ｌ＝３１ｃｍである。   The beams 41 to 44 are pine materials having a cross section of 18 cm × 12 cm. These beams 41 to 44 are dovetailed so that one side 41a to 44a is orthogonal to the axis of the fire striking materials 31 and 32, and are bridged between the fire striking materials 31 and 32 and the horizontal members 11 and 12. Yes. The other sides 41b to 44b of the beams 41 to 44 and the horizontal members 11 and 12 are fixed by bolting (15φ × 40 cm). Moreover, the hitting materials 41 to 44 are parallel to each other and arranged at equal intervals. Note that the dimension j = 1.23 m, the dimension k = 1 m, and the dimension l = 31 cm.

火打材３１、３２は、断面が２４ｃｍ×１２ｃｍで、長さが１．５ｍの地松材であり、火打材３１、３２どうし平行である。
また、火打材３１、３２と横架材１１〜１４との固定は、ボルト締め（１５φ×４０ｃｍ）である。なお、寸法ｉ＝７２ｃｍ、寸法ｈ＝１．１ｍであり、固定した隅が二等辺三角形となることにより、対角線上に位置する図示左上隅および図示右下隅が補強される。 The hitting materials 31 and 32 are ground pine materials having a cross section of 24 cm × 12 cm and a length of 1.5 m, and the hitting materials 31 and 32 are parallel to each other.
Moreover, the fixation of the fire striking materials 31 and 32 and the horizontal members 11 to 14 is bolt tightening (15φ × 40 cm). Note that the dimension i = 72 cm and the dimension h = 1.1 m, and the fixed corners are isosceles triangles, whereby the upper left corner and the lower right corner illustrated in the diagonal line are reinforced.

構造体１０の上面に釘ｄで打ち付けられる杉板５１（八枚）は、幅４５．５ｃｍ、長さ１．８２ｍ、厚さ４ｃｍのものであり、蟻継ぎにより連結されている（図２参照）。   The cedar boards 51 (eight pieces) to be nailed to the upper surface of the structure 10 with a nail d have a width of 45.5 cm, a length of 1.82 m, and a thickness of 4 cm, and are connected by dovetails (see FIG. 2). ).

本実施例の小屋組の木造軸組構造Ａは、以下の利点を有する。
小屋組の木造軸組構造Ａは、図示左上隅および図示右下隅を火打材３１、３２で補強し、横架材１１と火打材３１および横架材１２と火打材３２との間に、梁４１〜４４の一方側４１ａ〜４４ａが火打材３１、３２の軸線と直交する様に梁４１〜４４を蟻継ぎして架け渡したことにより根太を廃止でき、且つ根太を架け渡した特許文献１のものより捩れに対する剛性を大幅に強くできる。
この小屋組の木造軸組構造Ａは、根太を全く使っていないので、根太を架け渡す作業が不要となり、手間が著しく省け、コストが大幅に削減でき、現場で極めて容易、且つ短期間で組み付けることができる。 The wooden frame structure A of the hut set of the present embodiment has the following advantages.
The wooden frame structure A of the hut is reinforced at the upper left corner and the lower right corner shown in the figure with fire hitting materials 31, 32, and between the horizontal member 11, the fire hitting material 31, the horizontal member 12, and the fire hitting material 32, Patent Document 1 in which joists can be abolished by spanning the beams 41 to 44 so that one side 41a to 44a of 41 to 44 is perpendicular to the axis of the fire striking materials 31 and 32, and the joists are installed. The rigidity against torsion can be greatly increased.
The wooden frame structure A of this hut assembly does not use joists at all, so there is no need to bridge joists, saving labor, significantly reducing costs, and making installation on the site extremely easy and in a short period of time. be able to.

また、小屋組の木造軸組構造Ａは、上記構造により、外力による捩れに対する外部応力への耐久性に優れ、強風や地震等による強い外力を受けても、様々な方向に受けた力が分散し、一箇所に力が集中しないので、揺れに強く、小屋組の木造軸組構造Ａを採用した木造建物に捩れが生じ難い。
更に、小屋組の木造軸組構造Ａは、蟻継ぎにより連結した八枚の杉板５１を構造体１０の上側に釘ｄで打ち付けているので、横方向の捩れ（水平剛性）に対して強い。
この小屋組の木造軸組構造Ａは、横架材１３、１４と、横架材１１、１２との長さの差が大きく、構造体１０が細長い長方形の場合に適応できる。 In addition, the wooden frame structure A of the hut is excellent in durability against external stress against torsion due to external force, and the force received in various directions is dispersed even if it receives strong external force such as strong wind or earthquake. However, since the force is not concentrated in one place, it is resistant to shaking, and the wooden building that employs the wooden frame structure A of the hut is not easily twisted.
Furthermore, the wooden frame structure A in the hut group is strong against lateral torsion (horizontal rigidity) because the eight cedar boards 51 connected by dovetails are nailed to the upper side of the structure 10 with nails d. .
The wooden frame structure A of the hut set has a large difference in length between the horizontal members 13 and 14 and the horizontal members 11 and 12, and can be applied to the case where the structure 10 is an elongated rectangle.

つぎに、本発明の実施例２（請求項２に対応）を、図３、図４に基づいて説明する。
小屋組（二階六畳間用）の木造軸組構造Ｂは、横架材１１、１２、１５、１６を通し柱２１〜２４に連結して長方形に組み付け、各隅を火打材３１、３２、３３、３４で補強し、横架材１１、１２と火打材３１、３２との間に梁４５、４６を架け渡し、火打材３１と火打材３２との間に梁４７を架け渡して図３に示す長方形の構造体２０とし、八枚の杉板５２を構造体２０の上面に釘ｄで打ち付けて（図４参照）構成している。 Next, a second embodiment (corresponding to claim 2) of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
The wooden frame structure B for the hut (for second floor 6 tatami mats) is connected to the pillars 21 to 24 through the horizontal members 11, 12, 15, 16 and assembled into a rectangular shape, and the corners 31, 32, 33 are fired at the corners. 34, the beams 45 and 46 are bridged between the horizontal members 11 and 12 and the flame hitting materials 31 and 32, and the beam 47 is bridged between the flame hitting material 31 and the flame hitting material 32 as shown in FIG. A rectangular structure 20 is shown, and eight cedar boards 52 are driven by nails d onto the upper surface of the structure 20 (see FIG. 4).

横架材１１、１２は、末口が２４ｃｍ〜３０ｃｍ、長さ４ｍの地松材である。また、横架材１５、１６は、末口が２４ｃｍ〜３０ｃｍ、長さ２．８ｍの地松材である。   The horizontal members 11 and 12 are ground pine materials having an end of 24 cm to 30 cm and a length of 4 m. Further, the horizontal members 15 and 16 are ground pine materials having an end of 24 cm to 30 cm and a length of 2.8 m.

火打材３１、３２は、断面が２４ｃｍ×１２ｃｍで、長さが１．５ｍの地松材であり、火打材３１、３２どうしが平行である。
また、火打材３１と横架材１２、１５との固定および火打材３２と横架材１１、１６との固定は、両端共、ボルト締め（１５φ×４０ｃｍ）である。なお、寸法ｈ＝１．１ｍであり、固定した隅が二等辺三角形となることにより、対角線上に位置する図示左上隅および図示右下隅が補強される。 The hitting materials 31 and 32 are ground pine materials having a cross section of 24 cm × 12 cm and a length of 1.5 m, and the hitting materials 31 and 32 are parallel to each other.
Further, the fixation between the fire-splicing material 31 and the horizontal members 12 and 15 and the fixation between the fire-splicing material 32 and the horizontal members 11 and 16 are both bolted (15φ × 40 cm). Note that the dimension h is 1.1 m, and the fixed corners are isosceles triangles, whereby the upper left corner and the lower right corner illustrated in the diagonal line are reinforced.

火打材３３、３４は、断面が１８ｃｍ×１２ｃｍで、長さが１．８ｍの地松材であり、火打材３３、３４どうしが平行である。
また、火打材３３と横架材１１、１５との固定および火打材３４と横架材１２、１６との固定は、両端共、ボルト締め（１５φ×４０ｃｍ）である。なお、寸法ｋ＝１．３６５ｍであり、固定した隅が二等辺三角形となることにより、対角線上に位置する図示右上隅および図示左下隅が補強される。 The hitting materials 33 and 34 are ground pine materials having a cross section of 18 cm × 12 cm and a length of 1.8 m, and the hitting materials 33 and 34 are parallel to each other.
Further, the fixing of the fire-blasting material 33 and the horizontal members 11 and 15 and the fixing of the fire-blasting material 34 and the horizontal members 12 and 16 are both bolted (15φ × 40 cm). Note that the dimension k = 1.365 m and the fixed corners are isosceles triangles, whereby the upper right corner and the lower left corner illustrated in the diagonal line are reinforced.

梁４５、４６は、断面が２１ｃｍ×１２ｃｍの地松材である。これらの梁４５、４６は、一方側４５ａ、４６ａが火打材３１、３２の軸線と直交する様に蟻継ぎされ、火打材３１、３２と横架材１１、１２との間に架け渡されている。
梁４５、４６の他方側４５ｂ、４６ｂと横架材１１、１２との固定は、ボルト締め（１５φ×４０ｃｍ）である。 The beams 45 and 46 are pine materials having a cross section of 21 cm × 12 cm. These beams 45, 46 are dovetailed so that one side 45 a, 46 a is orthogonal to the axis of the fire striking material 31, 32, and spanned between the fire striking material 31, 32 and the horizontal members 11, 12. Yes.
The other sides 45b and 46b of the beams 45 and 46 and the horizontal members 11 and 12 are fixed by bolting (15φ × 40 cm).

梁４７は、断面が２１ｃｍ×１２ｃｍで、長さが３．０ｍの地松材である。この梁４７は、一方側４７ａおよび他方側４７ｂが、火打材３２、３１と直交する様に、対向する火打材３１、３２間に、蟻継ぎにより架け渡されている。
また、梁４５〜４７は、平行であり、等間隔に配されている。 The beam 47 is a pine wood having a cross section of 21 cm × 12 cm and a length of 3.0 m. The beam 47 is bridged between the opposing striking materials 31 and 32 by dovetails so that the one side 47a and the other side 47b are orthogonal to the striking materials 32 and 31.
Further, the beams 45 to 47 are parallel and arranged at equal intervals.

構造体２０の上面に釘ｄで打ち付けられる杉板５２（八枚）は、幅４５．５ｃｍ、長さ２．７３ｍ、厚さ４ｃｍのものであり、蟻継ぎにより連結されている（図４参照）。   The cedar boards 52 (eight pieces) to be nailed to the upper surface of the structure 20 with nails d have a width of 45.5 cm, a length of 2.73 m, and a thickness of 4 cm, and are connected by dovetails (see FIG. 4). ).

本実施例の小屋組の木造軸組構造Ｂは、以下の利点を有する。
小屋組の木造軸組構造Ｂは、構造体２０の各隅を火打材３１〜３４で補強し、横架材１１、１２と火打材３１、３２との間に梁４５、４６を架け渡し、火打材３１と火打材３２との間に梁４７を架け渡したことにより根太が廃止でき、且つ根太を架け渡した特許文献１のものより捩れに対する剛性を大幅に強くできる。 The wooden frame structure B of the cabin set of the present embodiment has the following advantages.
In the wooden frame structure B of the hut group, each corner of the structure 20 is reinforced with the fire striking materials 31 to 34, and the beams 45 and 46 are bridged between the horizontal members 11 and 12 and the fire striking materials 31 and 32. The joist can be abolished by bridging the beam 47 between the fire hitting material 31 and the fire hitting material 32, and the rigidity against torsion can be greatly increased as compared with the one of Patent Document 1 which has the joist.

この小屋組の木造軸組構造Ｂは、根太を全く使っていないので、根太を架け渡す作業が不要となり、手間が著しく省け、コストが大幅に削減でき、現場で極めて容易、且つ短期間で組み付けることができる。
また、小屋組の木造軸組構造Ｂは、上記構造により、外力による捩れに対する外部応力への耐久性に優れ、強風や地震等による強い外力を受けても、様々な方向に受けた力が分散し、一箇所に力が集中しないので、揺れに強く、小屋組の木造軸組構造Ｂを採用した木造建物に捩れが生じ難い。
更に、小屋組の木造軸組構造Ｂは、蟻継ぎにより連結した八枚の杉板５２を構造体２０の上側に釘ｄで打ち付けているので、横方向の捩れ（水平剛性）に対して強い。
この小屋組の木造軸組構造Ｂは、横架材１５、１６と、横架材１１、１２との長さの差が小さく、構造体２０の形状が正方形に近い長方形の場合に適応できる。 This timber frame structure B does not use any joists, so there is no need to carry the joists, saving labor, significantly reducing costs, and making installation at the site extremely easy and in a short period of time. be able to.
In addition, the wooden frame structure B of the hut is excellent in durability against external stress against torsion due to external force, and the force received in various directions is dispersed even when subjected to strong external force due to strong winds, earthquakes, etc. However, since the force is not concentrated in one place, it is resistant to shaking, and the wooden building adopting the wooden frame structure B of the hut is not easily twisted.
Furthermore, the wooden frame structure B of the hut group is strong against lateral twisting (horizontal rigidity) because eight cedar plates 52 connected by dovetails are nailed to the upper side of the structure 20 with nails d. .
The wooden frame structure B of the hut set is applicable to a case where the length difference between the horizontal members 15 and 16 and the horizontal members 11 and 12 is small and the shape of the structure 20 is a rectangle close to a square.

つぎに、本発明の実施例３（請求項３に対応）を、図５、図６に基づいて説明する。
小屋組（二階八畳間用）の木造軸組構造Ｃは、横架材１１、１２、１７、１８を通し柱２１〜２４に連結して正方形に組み付け、図示左上隅および図示右下隅を火打材３１、３２で補強し、図示右上隅を火打材３５、３７で補強し、図示左下隅を火打材３６、３８で補強し、火打材３１、３２との間に梁４８を架け渡して図５に示す正方形の構造体３０とし、八枚の杉板５３を構造体３０の上面に釘ｄで打ち付けて（図６参照）構成している。 Next, a third embodiment (corresponding to claim 3) of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
The wooden frame structure C for the hut assembly (for the second floor between the eight tatami mats) is connected to the pillars 21 to 24 through the horizontal members 11, 12, 17, and 18 and assembled into a square, and the upper left corner and the lower right corner shown in the figure are fired. 5, the upper right corner in the figure is reinforced with fire hitting materials 35 and 37, the lower left corner in the figure is reinforced with fire hitting materials 36 and 38, and a beam 48 is bridged between the fire hitting materials 31 and 32. The eight cedar boards 53 are nailed to the upper surface of the structure 30 with nails d (see FIG. 6).

横架材１１、１２、１７、１８は、末口が２４ｃｍ〜３０ｃｍ、長さ４ｍの地松材である。
火打材３１、３２は、断面が２４ｃｍ×１２ｃｍで、長さが１．５ｍの地松材であり、火打材３１、３２どうしが平行である。
火打材３５、３６は、断面が２４ｃｍ×１２ｃｍで、長さが１．５ｍの地松材であり、火打材３５、３６どうしが平行である。 The horizontal members 11, 12, 17, and 18 are ground pine materials having an end of 24 cm to 30 cm and a length of 4 m.
The hitting materials 31 and 32 are ground pine materials having a cross section of 24 cm × 12 cm and a length of 1.5 m, and the hitting materials 31 and 32 are parallel to each other.
The hitting materials 35 and 36 are ground pine materials having a cross section of 24 cm × 12 cm and a length of 1.5 m, and the hitting materials 35 and 36 are parallel to each other.

火打材３７、３８は、断面が２４ｃｍ×１２ｃｍでの地松材であり、火打材３７、３８どうしが平行である。
また、火打材３１、３２、３５〜３８と横架材１１、１２、１７、１８との固定は、ボルト締め（１５φ×４０ｃｍ）である。なお、寸法ｈ＝１．１ｍ、寸法ｍ＝２．２ｍであり、固定した隅が二等辺三角形となることにより、対角線上に位置する各隅が補強される。 The hitting materials 37 and 38 are ground pine materials having a cross section of 24 cm × 12 cm, and the hitting materials 37 and 38 are parallel to each other.
Further, the fixing of the fire hitting materials 31, 32, 35 to 38 and the horizontal members 11, 12, 17, 18 is bolt tightening (15φ × 40 cm). The dimension h = 1.1 m and the dimension m = 2.2 m, and the fixed corners are isosceles triangles, whereby each corner located on the diagonal line is reinforced.

梁４８は、断面が１８ｃｍ×１２ｃｍの地松材である。この梁４８は、一方側４８ａおよび他方側４８ｂが火打材３１、３２の軸線と直交する様に蟻継ぎされている。
構造体３０の上面に釘ｄで打ち付けられる杉板５３（八枚）は、幅４５．５ｃｍ、厚さ４ｃｍのものであり、蟻継ぎにより連結されている（図６参照）。 The beam 48 is a pine material having a cross section of 18 cm × 12 cm. The beam 48 is dovetailed so that one side 48 a and the other side 48 b are orthogonal to the axis of the firing material 31, 32.
The cedar boards 53 (eight pieces) that are nailed to the upper surface of the structure 30 with nails d have a width of 45.5 cm and a thickness of 4 cm, and are connected by dovetails (see FIG. 6).

本実施例の小屋組の木造軸組構造Ｃは、以下の利点を有する。
小屋組の木造軸組構造Ｃは、図示左上隅および図示右下隅を火打材３１、３２で補強し、図示右上隅を火打材３５、３７で補強し、図示左下隅を火打材３６、３８で補強し、火打材３１、３２との間に梁４８を架け渡して構造体３０としているので根太を廃止できる。また、根太を架け渡した特許文献１のものより捩れに対する剛性を大幅に強くできる。 The wooden frame structure C of the cabin set of the present embodiment has the following advantages.
In the wooden frame structure C of the hut group, the upper left corner and the lower right corner shown in the figure are reinforced by the fire hitting materials 31 and 32, the upper right corner shown in the drawing is reinforced by the fire hitting materials 35 and 37, and the lower left corner shown in the figure is formed by the hitting materials 36 and 38. Reinforcement and the beam 48 are bridged between the fire striking materials 31 and 32 to form the structure 30, so that the joists can be eliminated. Further, the rigidity against torsion can be significantly increased as compared with that of Patent Document 1 in which the joists are stretched.

この小屋組の木造軸組構造Ｃは、根太を全く使っていないので、根太を架け渡す作業が不要となり、手間が著しく省け、コストが大幅に削減でき、現場で極めて容易、且つ短期間で組み付けることができる。
また、小屋組の木造軸組構造Ｃは、上記構造により、外力による捩れに対する外部応力への耐久性に優れ、強風や地震等による強い外力を受けても、様々な方向に受けた力が分散し、一箇所に力が集中しないので、揺れに強く、小屋組の木造軸組構造Ｃを採用した木造建物に捩れが生じ難い。
更に、小屋組の木造軸組構造Ｃは、蟻継ぎにより連結した八枚の杉板５３を構造体３０の上側に打ち付けているので、横方向の捩れ（水平剛性）に対して強い。
この小屋組の木造軸組構造Ｃは、横架材１１、１２と、横架材１７、１８との長さが全て同じで、構造体３０の形状が正方形の場合に適応できる。 The wooden frame structure C of this hut group does not use joists at all, so there is no need to work on the joists, saving labor, significantly reducing costs, and making installation at the site extremely easy and in a short period of time. be able to.
In addition, the wooden frame structure C of the hut structure is excellent in durability against external stress against torsion due to external force, and the force received in various directions is dispersed even when subjected to strong external force such as strong wind or earthquake. However, since the force is not concentrated in one place, it is resistant to shaking, and the wooden building that employs the wooden frame structure C of the hut is not easily twisted.
Furthermore, the wooden frame structure C of the hut group is strong against lateral twisting (horizontal rigidity) because the eight cedar plates 53 connected by dovetails are struck on the upper side of the structure 30.
The wooden frame structure C of the hut group can be applied to the case where the horizontal members 11 and 12 and the horizontal members 17 and 18 are all the same length and the structure 30 is square.

実施例１に係る小屋組の木造軸組構造の梁伏の様子を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows the mode of the beam concavity of the wooden frame structure of the hut according to Example 1. 実施例１に係る小屋組の木造軸組構造の構造を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows the structure of the wooden frame structure of the hut according to Example 1. 実施例２に係る小屋組の木造軸組構造の梁伏の様子を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows the mode of the beam concavity of the wooden frame structure of the hut according to Example 2. 実施例２に係る小屋組の木造軸組構造の構造を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows the structure of the wooden frame structure of the hut according to Example 2. 実施例３に係る小屋組の木造軸組構造の梁伏の様子を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows the mode of the beam concavity of the wooden frame structure of the hut according to Example 3. 実施例３に係る小屋組の木造軸組構造の構造を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows the structure of the wooden frame structure of the hut according to Example 3.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃ 小屋組の木造軸組構造（木造軸組構造）
１０、２０、３０ 構造体
１１、１２、１７、１８ 横架材（長尺の横架材、横架材）
１３、１４、１５、１６ 横架材（短尺の横架材）
２１、２２、２３、２４ 通し柱（柱）
３１、３２、３３、３４、３５、３６、３７、３８ 火打材
４１、４２、４３、４４、４５、４６、４７、４８ 梁
５１、５２、５３ 杉板（平板） A, B, C Wooden frame structure of hut (wooden frame structure)
10, 20, 30 Structure 11, 12, 17, 18 Horizontal member (long horizontal member, horizontal member)
13, 14, 15, 16 Horizontal member (short horizontal member)
21, 22, 23, 24 Through pillars (pillars)
31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38 Fire hitting materials 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48 Beams 51, 52, 53 Cedar plate (flat plate)

Claims (3)

矩形状に配置した四本の柱に、長辺となる長尺の横架材と短辺となる短尺の横架材とを連結して長方形に組み付け、
対角線上に位置する一組の隅の直交する横架材間に、架け渡す火打材どうしが平行になる様に一本づつ架け渡し、
一方側が前記火打材の軸線と直交する様に、各隅の火打材と長尺の前記横架材との間に、二本ずつ梁を架け渡して構造体とし、
複数枚の平板を蟻継ぎにより連結して構造体に載置し、前記平板の下面に位置する、前記横架材、前記火打材、および前記梁に対して上面から釘を打ち付けて前記構造体に固定したことを特徴とする木造軸組構造。 A long horizontal member with a long side and a short horizontal member with a short side are connected to four columns arranged in a rectangular shape and assembled into a rectangle.
Bridge one by one so that the hitting materials to be bridged are parallel between the horizontal members of a pair of corners located on the diagonal line,
Between the flame hitting material at each corner and the long horizontal member, the beam is bridged two by two so that one side is orthogonal to the axis of the flame hitting material,
A plurality of flat plates are connected by dovetails and placed on the structure, and the horizontal body, the fire striking material, and the beam positioned on the lower surface of the flat plate are nailed from the upper surface to the structure. A wooden frame structure characterized by being fixed to . 矩形状に配置した四本の柱に、長辺となる長尺の横架材と短辺となる短尺の横架材とを連結して長方形に組み付け、
対角線上に位置する一組の隅の直交する横架材間に、架け渡す火打材どうしが平行になる様に一本づつ架け渡し、
別の対角線上に位置する別の一組の隅の直交する横架材間に、架け渡す火打材どうしが平行になる様に一本づつ架け渡し、
前記一組の隅の各火打材と長尺の前記横架材との間に、一方側が前記火打材の軸線と略直交する様に梁を一本づつ架け渡し、且つ、前記一組の隅の火打材間に別の梁を直交する様に架け渡して構造体とし、
複数枚の平板を蟻継ぎにより連結して構造体に載置し、前記平板の下面に位置する、前記横架材、前記火打材、および前記梁に対して上面から釘を打ち付けて前記構造体に固定したことを特徴とする木造軸組構造。 A long horizontal member with a long side and a short horizontal member with a short side are connected to four columns arranged in a rectangular shape and assembled into a rectangle.
Bridge one by one so that the hitting materials to be bridged are parallel between the horizontal members of a pair of corners located on the diagonal line,
Bridge one by one so that the fired materials to be bridged are parallel between two sets of orthogonal cross members at another corner located on another diagonal line,
Between each of the set of corners and the long horizontal member, a beam is bridged one by one so that one side is substantially orthogonal to the axis of the flame, and the set of corners Another beam is crossed between the fire hitting materials so as to be orthogonal,
A plurality of flat plates are connected by dovetails and placed on the structure, and the horizontal body, the fire striking material, and the beam positioned on the lower surface of the flat plate are nailed from the upper surface to the structure. A wooden frame structure characterized by being fixed to . 矩形状に配置した四本の柱に、同寸法の横架材を連結して正方形に組み付け、
対角線上に位置する一組の隅の直交する横架材間に、架け渡す火打材どうしが平行になる様に一本づつ架け渡し、
別の対角線上に位置する一組の隅の直交する横架材間に、架け渡す火打材どうしが平行になる様に２本づつ間隔を空けて架け渡し、
且つ、前記一組の隅の火打材間に、架け渡す梁が直交する様に架け渡して構造体とし、 複数枚の平板を蟻継ぎにより連結して構造体に載置し、前記平板の下面に位置する、前記横架材、前記火打材、および前記梁に対して上面から釘を打ち付けて前記構造体に固定したことを特徴とする木造軸組構造。 The four pillars arranged in a rectangular shape are connected to a horizontal member of the same size and assembled into a square.
Bridge one by one so that the hitting materials to be bridged are parallel between the horizontal members of a pair of corners located on the diagonal line,
Between two sets of crossed horizontal members located on different diagonals, bridge the two fired materials so that they are parallel to each other.
In addition , between the above-mentioned one set of corner fire striking materials, the spanning beam is bridged so as to be orthogonal to form a structure, and a plurality of flat plates are connected by dovetails and placed on the structure, and the lower surface of the flat plate A wooden frame structure characterized in that a nail is struck from an upper surface to the horizontal member, the fire striking material, and the beam, which are fixed to the structure.

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