JP3964010B2 - Dam structure - Google Patents
Dam structure Download PDFInfo
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- JP3964010B2 JP3964010B2 JP23685697A JP23685697A JP3964010B2 JP 3964010 B2 JP3964010 B2 JP 3964010B2 JP 23685697 A JP23685697 A JP 23685697A JP 23685697 A JP23685697 A JP 23685697A JP 3964010 B2 JP3964010 B2 JP 3964010B2
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- river
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- main stream
- dam
- dam structure
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Description
【0001】
【発明が属する技術分野】
本発明はダム構造に関し、特に堤体及び貯水池を河川本流から外れる箇所に設けるダム構造に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来の基本的なダム構造では、河川本流を堤体で堰き止めることによって貯水池を創造するため、堤体あるいは貯水池が河川本流を上流部と下流部とに分断し、その結果、上流部では土砂生産の増加したり堆砂が進行する一方、下流部では土砂流下量あるいはまた栄養塩が減少したり、上下流部間の生態交流が遮断される等の問題があった。
【0003】
以上のような諸問題の解決策として、特開平5−179631号公報には、河川本流の上流部と下流部とを迂回して常時連通し、土砂等の流下及び魚類等の遡上・流下等を許容するバイパストンネル(仮排水トンネルの転用を含む。)を付設したダム構造が提案されている。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、上記公報に開示されるダム構造であっても、河川本流を堤体で堰き止める点は従来のダム構造と同様であるため、水没に伴う立ち退き住民の発生や環境問題あるいは河川本流の航行・水運機能の喪失等といった問題が残り、ダム開発側と河川保護側とが常に対立しているのが現況である。
【0005】
本発明は、以上の問題点に鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的は、河川本流での水没をなくし、河川本流が本来持っている航行・水運等の諸機能をそのまま保存することができ、ダム開発側と河川保護側との対立に拮抗を与え得るダム構造を提供することにある。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明に係るダム構造は、河川本流の取水口から導水路を介して取り込んだ河川水を堤体によって堰き止めた貯水池を設け、前記堤体及び前記貯水池を前記河川本流から外れる箇所に設けたダム構造において、前記堤体より上流側の前記河川本流に導く放水路を設け、その放水路の放水地点を前記取水口の付近に設けたことを特徴とする。
【0007】
即ち、本発明に係るダム構造は、堤体と、この堤体によって堰き止められ、河川本流に対して河川水を取水及び放流する貯水池とを河川本流から外れる箇所に設け、貯水池には河川本流から導水路(導水トンネル等を含む。)を経て河川水を供給し貯留するものである。
【0008】
「河川本流から外れる箇所」とは、河川本流の持つ航行・水運機能、生態系の上下流方向の自由な遡上・流下を妨げない機能等を一切損なうことのない河川本流以外の箇所であり、例えば河川本流近傍の一定の低地や凹地あるいは河川支流等であって、貯水池として機能するのに必要で適切な要件を満たし、水没に伴う不可逆的な影響が重大ではなく、水没に伴う立ち退き住民が極力少なくなるような箇所を選定することが望ましい。
【0009】
本発明では、堤体及び貯水池を従来のダム構造と同様に河川本流に設けることが可能であり、その方が技術的・経済的に有利である場合であっても、河川本流以外の位置にあえてダムを設置することにより、河川本流にダムを設置して貯水規模を稼ぎ、利水・発電等の利益を得ようとするダム開発側と、河川本流の航行・水運機能の利用や生態系の維持機能を保存しようとする河川保護側とに対し、両者の中間的な技術として新たな解決策を与えることができる。
【0010】
【実施例】
以下、本発明の実施例を添付図面に基づいて説明する。
【0011】
図1は、本発明に係るダム構造の一例として、堤体10及び貯水池11を河川本流1に流入する河川支流2に設けた例を略示する説明図である。堤体10は、河川本流1に対する河川支流2の流入口に当該支流2を堰き止めるような形で築造され、支流2に対しては、取水口12'を本流1に放水口12"を支流2に設けた導水路12を介する自然流下により、本流1の河川水を供給・貯留し、これによって、参照番号11'を付した破線によって湛水面が表される貯水池11が創造される。
【0012】
また、発電等で使用した貯水池11の河川水を河川本流1に放流するに際し、放水路13を堤体10から本流1に沿って上流側に導くことにより、取水地点である取水口12'と放水地点13'との距離を短縮し、その間の流量の減少や枯渇を防止するといった具合に、取水地点と放水地点との距離は、河川本流1の勾配によって適宜変更する。
【0013】
更に、発電等を行う場合は、予め河川本流1の流量と発電用水量との比率を河川本流1の持つ本来の諸機能を損なわない範囲に設定し、発電等が河川本流1の流量に悪影響を与えないようにする。
【0014】
【発明の効果】
以上述べたように、本発明に係るダム構造では、堤体及び貯水池を河川本流から外れる箇所に設けることにより、河川本流は堰き止められないため、河川本流での水没及び立ち退き住民の発生がなくなり、また、河川本流が本来持っている航行、水運機能や生態系の上下流方向の自由な遡上・流下等の移動を妨げない機能等をそのまま保存することができ、従って、ダム開発側と河川保護側とに対して新たな解決策を与えることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明に係るダム構造の一例として、堤体及び貯水池を河川本流に流入する河川支流に設けた例を略示する説明図である。
【符号の説明】
1 河川本流
2 河川支流
3 圧力補償水タンク
10 堤体
11 貯水池
12 導水路
12’ 取水口(取水地点)
12” 放水口
13 放水路
13’ 放水地点[0001]
[Technical field to which the invention belongs]
The present invention relates to a dam structure, and more particularly, to a dam structure in which a bank body and a reservoir are provided at a location deviating from a river main stream.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In the conventional basic dam structure, in order to create a reservoir by blocking the river mainstream with a dam body, the dam body or reservoir divides the river mainstream into an upstream part and a downstream part. While production increased and sedimentation progressed, there were problems such as the sediment flow rate or nutrients decreased in the downstream area, and the ecological exchange between the upstream and downstream areas was interrupted.
[0003]
As a solution to the above problems, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-179631 discloses that the upstream and downstream parts of the river main stream are bypassed and always communicated, such as sediments and fishes. A dam structure with a bypass tunnel (including diversion of a temporary drainage tunnel) that allows the above is proposed.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, even the dam structure disclosed in the above publication is the same as the conventional dam structure in that the river mainstream is dammed with the dam body, so the occurrence of evacuees due to submergence, environmental problems, or river mainstream navigation・ Currently, problems such as loss of water transport function remain, and the dam development side and river protection side are always in conflict.
[0005]
The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and its purpose is to eliminate submergence in the mainstream of the river and to preserve various functions such as navigation and water transportation that the river mainstream originally has. It is to provide a dam structure that can antagonize the conflict between the dam development side and the river protection side.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The dam structure according to the present invention is provided with a reservoir in which river water taken from a river mainstream intake through a water conduit is blocked by a dam body, and the dam body and the reservoir are provided at a location outside the river mainstream . In the dam structure, a water discharge channel leading to the river main stream upstream from the dam body is provided, and a water discharge point of the water discharge channel is provided in the vicinity of the water intake .
[0007]
In other words, the dam structure according to the present invention is provided with a bank body and a reservoir that is blocked by the bank body and that takes in and discharges river water from the river main stream at a location outside the river main stream. The river water is supplied and stored through a water conduit (including a water conduit).
[0008]
“Locations that deviate from the river mainstream” are locations other than the river mainstream that do not impair the navigation / water transport functions of the river mainstream and the functions that do not prevent free upstream and downstream movement of the ecosystem. E.g. certain lowlands, depressions or river tributaries in the vicinity of the river main stream, which meet the necessary and appropriate requirements for functioning as a reservoir, and the irreversible effects of submergence are not significant, evicted residents with submergence It is desirable to select a location that minimizes as much as possible.
[0009]
In the present invention, the dam body and the reservoir can be provided in the river main stream in the same manner as the conventional dam structure, and even if this is technically and economically advantageous, it is located at a position other than the river main stream. By installing dams, the dam development side who wants to gain the benefits of water utilization and power generation by installing dams in the river mainstream and the use of river mainstream navigation and water transport functions and ecosystems A new solution can be given as an intermediate technique between the river protection side who wants to preserve the maintenance function.
[0010]
【Example】
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0011]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory view schematically showing an example in which a
[0012]
Further, when the river water of the reservoir 11 used for power generation or the like is discharged into the river main stream 1, the
[0013]
Furthermore, when performing power generation, etc., the ratio of the flow rate of the river main stream 1 and the amount of water for power generation is set in advance so that the original functions of the river main stream 1 are not impaired. Do not give.
[0014]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, in the dam structure according to the present invention, since the river mainstream cannot be blocked by providing the dam body and the reservoir at a location outside the river mainstream, submergence and eviction of the river mainstream are eliminated. In addition, navigation and water transport functions inherent in river mainstreams and functions that do not interfere with movements such as free upstream and downstream movements of the ecosystem can be preserved. New solutions can be given to the river protection side.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory view schematically showing an example in which a bank body and a reservoir are provided in a river tributary that flows into a river main stream as an example of a dam structure according to the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 river
12 "
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP23685697A JP3964010B2 (en) | 1997-09-02 | 1997-09-02 | Dam structure |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP23685697A JP3964010B2 (en) | 1997-09-02 | 1997-09-02 | Dam structure |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH1181280A JPH1181280A (en) | 1999-03-26 |
JP3964010B2 true JP3964010B2 (en) | 2007-08-22 |
Family
ID=17006824
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP23685697A Expired - Fee Related JP3964010B2 (en) | 1997-09-02 | 1997-09-02 | Dam structure |
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JP (1) | JP3964010B2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102155002A (en) * | 2011-01-17 | 2011-08-17 | 高文标 | Non-cross-sectional streaming hydraulic engineering building |
CN107524119A (en) * | 2017-09-13 | 2017-12-29 | 安徽金贺财建筑工程有限公司 | A kind of scenic spot overfall dam for being used to remove suspension |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR100679279B1 (en) | 2004-10-20 | 2007-02-07 | 김명환 | Inverse flowing proventing structure of a small river |
CN110965519B (en) * | 2019-12-03 | 2020-10-16 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Method for solving unsmooth flow of urban mass water body |
CN116163262B (en) * | 2023-02-18 | 2024-06-11 | 四川大学 | Method for improving bifurcate river water flow conditions through ecological water supplementing port combined with overflow dam |
-
1997
- 1997-09-02 JP JP23685697A patent/JP3964010B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102155002A (en) * | 2011-01-17 | 2011-08-17 | 高文标 | Non-cross-sectional streaming hydraulic engineering building |
CN107524119A (en) * | 2017-09-13 | 2017-12-29 | 安徽金贺财建筑工程有限公司 | A kind of scenic spot overfall dam for being used to remove suspension |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH1181280A (en) | 1999-03-26 |
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