JP3837104B2 - Composite molding method of carbon nanomaterial and metal material and composite metal product - Google Patents

Composite molding method of carbon nanomaterial and metal material and composite metal product Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3837104B2
JP3837104B2 JP2002242292A JP2002242292A JP3837104B2 JP 3837104 B2 JP3837104 B2 JP 3837104B2 JP 2002242292 A JP2002242292 A JP 2002242292A JP 2002242292 A JP2002242292 A JP 2002242292A JP 3837104 B2 JP3837104 B2 JP 3837104B2
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composite
carbon nanomaterial
injection
metal
metal material
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JP2004082130A (en
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淳 小出
清登 滝澤
佳年 山極
雅資 菅沼
守 宮川
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Nissei Plastic Industrial Co Ltd
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Nissei Plastic Industrial Co Ltd
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Priority to JP2002242292A priority Critical patent/JP3837104B2/en
Priority to US10/645,333 priority patent/US20040067153A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
    • B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
    • B22D17/2015—Means for forcing the molten metal into the die
    • B22D17/2061—Means for forcing the molten metal into the die using screws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
    • B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
    • B22D17/28—Melting pots
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
    • C22C1/1036—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
    • C22C1/1036—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt
    • C22C1/1047—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt by mixing and casting liquid metal matrix composites
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C26/00—Alloys containing diamond or cubic or wurtzitic boron nitride, fullerenes or carbon nanotubes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C49/00—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments
    • C22C49/14—Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments characterised by the fibres or filaments
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C26/00—Alloys containing diamond or cubic or wurtzitic boron nitride, fullerenes or carbon nanotubes
    • C22C2026/002—Carbon nanotubes

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、カーボンナノ材と金属材料とを射出成形により複合化する成形方法と複合金属製品に関するものである。
【０００２】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
結晶性カーボン材の一種であるカーボンナノ材は、熱伝導率がアルミニウム（Ａｌ）、マグネシウム（Ｍｇ）等の金属の約５倍と高く、導電性も良好で、摩擦係数も低いことから摺動性にも優れるなどの特性を有する。しかし、カーボンナノ材は極めて微細なものであることから、その利用には他物質との複合化がよいとされている。
【０００３】
これまでに知られている複合化は、金属粉末と混合して加圧微細化し、金属粉末の粒子径が５μｍ〜１ｎｍの複合材粒子となすというものであり、その複合材粒子を加熱圧縮して複合材にホットプレス成形するというものである。このような複合手段では、ホットプレス成形により製造される複合金属製品にも限りがあるので、プレス成形では困難な電子機器の放熱部品やシールド部品、軸受などの金属製品を結晶性カーボン材との複合金属製品とするまでには至らない、という課題を有する。
【０００４】
この発明は、上記従来の課題を解決するために考えられたものであって、その目的は、カーボンナノ材と金属材料との複合化を射出成形により可能となして、製品サイズや形態の制限を受けることなく、カーボンナノ材の特性を金属製品に付与し、電子機器の部品として要求される高熱伝導率、良導電性、摺動性などの機能の向上を図ることができる新たな複合成形方法と複合金属製品とを提供することにある。
【０００５】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的によるこの発明は、カーボンナノ材とマグネシウム（Ｍｇ）、錫（Ｓｎ）、アルミニウム（Ａｌ）、銅（Ｃｕ）、鉛（Ｐｂ）、亜鉛（Ｚｎ）の１種又は２種以上の合金による金属材料とを粉体の状態で混合し、その混合材料をホットプレスにより板状の固形材料に加熱圧縮成形したのち、チップ又はペレットの粒体に形成し、その混合粒体を射出装置により溶融・混練して金型に射出充填し、該金型によりカーボンナノ材と金属材料とによる複合金属製品に成形するというものであり、上記混合粒体の溶融・混合及び金型への射出充填は、インラインスクリュ式射出装置又はプリプラ式射出装置により行うというものである。また複合金属製品は上記成形法により成形されてなるというものである。
【０００６】
上記構成によれば、カーボンナノ材と金属材料とを混合粒体に成形し、これを成形材料とすることから、複合成形に際する材料供給が容易となり、またスクリュによる溶融混練も短時間で効率よく行えるので、均質な複合製品を成形することができる。また複合金属製品は射出成形によって完成されるので成形精度が高いものとなり、製品形態及び製品サイズもプレス成形と異なって制限を受けないので、高熱伝導率、良導電性、低摩擦係数などの機能を有する製品を容易に成形することができる。
【０００７】
【発明の実施の形態】
先ず、カーボンナノチューブなどとして知られているカーボンナノ材１の粉体と、マグネシウム（Ｍｇ）、錫（Ｓｎ）、アルミニウム（Ａｌ）、銅（Ｃｕ）、鉛（Ｐｂ）、亜鉛（Ｚｎ）の１種又は２種以上の合金による金属材料２の粉体を、混合装置３に投入して攪拌混合する。この混合は不活性ガス雰囲気中で行うのが好ましい。市販のものとしては、直径１０ｎｍ（０．０１μｍ）、長さ１〜１０μｍのカーボンナノチューブがある。
【０００８】
次に、その混合材料４をホットプレス装置５に移し、加熱圧縮により板状の固形材料６に成形したのち、固形材料６をペレット又はチップ等の混合粒体７に成形し、この混合粒体７を成形材料として、射出装置８と製品の金型９とを備えた射出成形機に供給する。
【０００９】
上記射出装置８は、先端にノズル８１を有する加熱筒８２の内部に、逆止弁付きの射出スクリュ８３を回転かつ進退自在に備える。また加熱筒８２の後部上に穿設した供給口の上に、ホッパー８４が取り付けてある。このホッパー８４から加熱筒８２に供給された混合粒体７はスクリュ回転により溶融・混練されてスクリュ先端へと圧送され、内圧によるスクリュ後退により加熱筒８２の先端部内に溶融状態で計量（蓄積）されたのち、スクリュ前進により溶融材料として上記製品金型９に射出充填される。なお加熱筒８２の内部空間は、酸化防止のために不活性ガス雰囲気としておくのが好ましい。
【００１０】
上記金型９は、図示しない型締装置の固定盤９１と可動盤９２とに取り付けた開閉自在な一対の分割型９３からなり、その内部に二組の製品形態を形成するキャビティ９４と、両キャビティ９４の中央に位置して上記ノズル８１が当接されたスプル９５とを有する。このノズル８１から射出充填された溶融材料は、スプル９５から両キャビティ９４に充填されて、カーボンナノ材１と金属材料２とが均一に複合化した複合金属製品１０となる。
【００１１】
上記実施形態では、インラインスクリュ式射出装置８を採用して、射出スクリュ８３により混合粒体７の溶融・混練と金型９への射出充填を行っているが、樹脂の成形に用いられているプリプラ式射出装置を採用して効率よく行うことができる。
【００１２】
図２に示すように、通常構造のプリプラ式射出装置は、溶融・混練シリンダ１１内に溶融・混練スクリュ１２を内装し、シリンダ後部上にホッパー１３を備えた溶融・混練装置１４と、射出シリンダ１５内に射出プランジャ１６を進退自在に内装した射出装置１７とを並設し、その両方を先端部にわたり設けた開閉バルブ１９を備える流通路１８により互いに連通した構造からなる。
【００１３】
したがって成形工程としては、溶融・混練装置１４により混合粒体の溶融・混練を行い、それを射出シリンダ１５の前部内に圧送して計量し、計量後に流通路１８の開閉バルブ１９を閉じて、射出装置１７では射出プランジャ１６の前進によるノズル２０から金型９への射出充填を行う。溶融・混練装置１４では射出充填中に、供給された混合粒体７の溶融・混練が開始される。このようなことから溶融・混練と射出の両方を行うインラインスクリュ式射出装置よりも、カーボンナノ材１と金属材料２とが均一に複合化した上記複合金属製品１０の成形が効率よく行えるようになる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】 この発明に係わるカーボンナノ材と低融点金属との複合金属製品の成形方法の工程図である。
【図２】 この発明の成形方法に用いられるプリプラ式射出装置の略示断面図である。
【符号の説明】
１ カーボンナノ材
２ 樹脂のバインダー
３ 混合装置
４ 混合材料
５ ホットプレス装置
６ 固形材料
７ 粒状材料
８ 射出装置
９ 製品金型
１０ 複合金属製品
１４ 溶融・混練装置
１７ 射出装置[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a molding method for compounding a carbon nanomaterial and a metal material by injection molding and a composite metal product.
[0002]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Carbon nanomaterial, which is a kind of crystalline carbon material, slides because its thermal conductivity is about five times higher than that of metals such as aluminum (Al) and magnesium (Mg), it has good conductivity, and its coefficient of friction is low. It has characteristics such as excellent properties. However, since the carbon nanomaterial is extremely fine, it is said that the composite with other substances is good for its use.
[0003]
The compounding known so far is to mix with metal powder and pressurize and refine it to form composite particles with a metal powder particle size of 5 μm to 1 nm. The composite particles are heated and compressed. Thus, hot press molding is performed on the composite material. With such composite means, composite metal products manufactured by hot press forming are limited, so that metal products such as heat dissipation parts, shield parts, and bearings of electronic devices that are difficult to press form with crystalline carbon materials. There is a problem that it does not reach a composite metal product.
[0004]
The present invention has been conceived in order to solve the above-described conventional problems, and its purpose is to enable the composite of carbon nanomaterials and metal materials by injection molding, thereby limiting the product size and form. New composite molding that can impart the characteristics of carbon nanomaterials to metal products without being subjected to heat treatment, and improve functions such as high thermal conductivity, good electrical conductivity, and slidability required for electronic device parts It is to provide a method and a composite metal product.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
This invention according to the above object is based on one or more alloys of carbon nanomaterials and magnesium (Mg), tin (Sn), aluminum (Al), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn). After mixing with metal material in the form of powder, the mixed material is hot-pressed into a plate-like solid material by hot pressing, then formed into chips or pellets, and the mixed particles are melted with an injection device -Kneading and injection filling into a mold, and forming into a composite metal product of carbon nanomaterial and metal material by the mold, melting and mixing of the above mixed granules and injection filling into the mold The in-line screw type injection device or the pre-plastic type injection device is used. The composite metal product is formed by the above forming method.
[0006]
According to the above configuration, since the carbon nanomaterial and the metal material are formed into a mixed granule and used as a molding material, material supply during composite molding is facilitated, and melt kneading with a screw can be performed in a short time. Since it can be performed efficiently, a homogeneous composite product can be formed. In addition, since composite metal products are completed by injection molding, the molding accuracy is high, and the product form and product size are not restricted unlike press molding, so functions such as high thermal conductivity, good conductivity, and low friction coefficient. It is possible to easily mold a product having
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
First, powder of carbon nanomaterial 1 known as a carbon nanotube or the like, and magnesium (Mg), tin (Sn), aluminum (Al), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn) 1 The powder of the metal material 2 made of seeds or two or more kinds of alloys is put into the mixing device 3 and mixed by stirring. This mixing is preferably performed in an inert gas atmosphere. Commercially available carbon nanotubes having a diameter of 10 nm (0.01 μm) and a length of 1 to 10 μm are available.
[0008]
Next, the mixed material 4 is transferred to a hot press device 5 and formed into a plate-like solid material 6 by heating and compression, and then the solid material 6 is formed into a mixed granule 7 such as a pellet or a chip. 7 is supplied as a molding material to an injection molding machine including an injection device 8 and a product mold 9.
[0009]
The injection device 8 is provided with an injection screw 83 with a check valve inside a heating cylinder 82 having a nozzle 81 at its tip so that the injection screw 83 can rotate and advance and retract. A hopper 84 is mounted on a supply port formed on the rear portion of the heating cylinder 82. The mixed granule 7 supplied from the hopper 84 to the heating cylinder 82 is melted and kneaded by the screw rotation, and is pumped to the screw tip, and is measured (accumulated) in the molten state in the tip portion of the heating cylinder 82 by the screw retreat by the internal pressure. After that, the product mold 9 is injected and filled as a molten material by advancing the screw. The internal space of the heating cylinder 82 is preferably an inert gas atmosphere to prevent oxidation.
[0010]
The mold 9 includes a pair of openable and closable split molds 93 attached to a fixed plate 91 and a movable plate 92 of a mold clamping device (not shown), and a cavity 94 that forms two sets of product forms therein, The sprue 95 is located at the center of the cavity 94 and is in contact with the nozzle 81. The molten material injected and filled from the nozzle 81 is filled into both the cavities 94 from the sprue 95 to form the composite metal product 10 in which the carbon nanomaterial 1 and the metal material 2 are uniformly combined.
[0011]
In the above embodiment, the in-line screw type injection device 8 is adopted, and the mixed granule 7 is melted and kneaded and injected into the mold 9 by the injection screw 83, but it is used for resin molding. It can be carried out efficiently by using a pre-plastic injection device.
[0012]
As shown in FIG. 2, a pre-plastic injection device having a normal structure has a melting / kneading screw 12 in a melting / kneading cylinder 11 and a hopper 13 on the rear part of the cylinder, and an injection cylinder. 15 has an injection device 17 in which an injection plunger 16 is mounted so as to be movable back and forth, and has a structure in which both of them are communicated with each other by a flow passage 18 including an opening / closing valve 19 provided over the tip.
[0013]
Therefore, as a molding process, the mixed granule is melted and kneaded by the melting and kneading device 14, and is measured by feeding it into the front portion of the injection cylinder 15, and after the measurement, the opening and closing valve 19 of the flow passage 18 is closed, The injection device 17 performs injection filling from the nozzle 20 to the mold 9 by the advance of the injection plunger 16. In the melting / kneading device 14, melting and kneading of the supplied mixed granule 7 is started during injection filling. For this reason, the composite metal product 10 in which the carbon nanomaterial 1 and the metal material 2 are uniformly combined can be formed more efficiently than an in-line screw injection apparatus that performs both melting, kneading and injection. Become.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a process diagram of a method for forming a composite metal product of a carbon nanomaterial and a low melting point metal according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a pre-plastic injection device used in the molding method of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Carbon nano material 2 Resin binder 3 Mixing device 4 Mixed material 5 Hot press device 6 Solid material 7 Granular material 8 Injection device 9 Product mold 10 Composite metal product 14 Melting and kneading device 17 Injection device

Claims (3)

カーボンナノ材とマグネシウム（Ｍｇ）、錫（Ｓｎ）、アルミニウム（Ａｌ）、銅（Ｃｕ）、鉛（Ｐｂ）、亜鉛（Ｚｎ）の１種又は２種以上の合金による金属材料とを粉体の状態で混合し、その混合材料をホットプレスにより板状の固形材料に加熱圧縮成形したのち、チップ又はペレットの粒体に形成し、その混合粒体を射出装置により溶融・混練して金型に射出充填し、該金型によりカーボンナノ材と金属材料とによる複合金属製品に成形することを特徴とするカーボンナノ材と金属材料の複合成形方法。Carbon nanomaterials and magnesium (Mg), tin (Sn), aluminum (Al), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), a metal material made of one or more alloys of zinc (Zn) in powder form After mixing in a state and hot-pressing the mixed material into a plate-like solid material, it is formed into chips or pellets, and the mixed granules are melted and kneaded by an injection device into a mold. A composite molding method of a carbon nanomaterial and a metal material, which is injection-filled and molded into a composite metal product of the carbon nanomaterial and the metal material by the mold. 上記混合粒体の溶融・混合及び金型への射出充填は、インラインスクリュ式射出装置又はプリプラ式射出装置により行うことを特徴とする請求項１記載のカーボンナノ材と金属材料の複合成形方法。  2. The method of composite molding of carbon nanomaterial and metal material according to claim 1, wherein the mixing and mixing of the mixed particles and injection filling into the mold are performed by an in-line screw injection apparatus or a pre-plastic injection apparatus. 上記請求項１又は２の何れかに記載の成形方法により成形された金属製品からなることを特徴とするカーボンナノ材と金属材料の複合金属製品。  A composite metal product of a carbon nanomaterial and a metal material, comprising a metal product molded by the molding method according to claim 1 or 2.
JP2002242292A 2002-08-22 2002-08-22 Composite molding method of carbon nanomaterial and metal material and composite metal product Expired - Fee Related JP3837104B2 (en)

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US10/645,333 US20040067153A1 (en) 2002-08-22 2003-08-21 Method for producing composite metal product

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