JP2913022B2 - Soil moisture measurement method and probe for soil moisture measurement - Google Patents
Soil moisture measurement method and probe for soil moisture measurementInfo
- Publication number
- JP2913022B2 JP2913022B2 JP25215696A JP25215696A JP2913022B2 JP 2913022 B2 JP2913022 B2 JP 2913022B2 JP 25215696 A JP25215696 A JP 25215696A JP 25215696 A JP25215696 A JP 25215696A JP 2913022 B2 JP2913022 B2 JP 2913022B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- soil
- probe
- soil moisture
- air
- relative permittivity
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Landscapes
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】この発明は、営農対策上重要なフ
ァクターである圃場の表層に近い部位の土壌水分量が、
迅速且つ高精度に得られる土壌水分のプローブと計測方
法に関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for reducing the soil moisture content of a portion near the surface of a field, which is an important factor in farming measures.
The present invention relates to a soil moisture probe and a measurement method which can be obtained quickly and with high accuracy.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術と問題点】従来、圃場の土壌水分計測法
は、重量法や中性子が用いられてきたが、測定時間・安
全性の面で使用場面が限定されていた。一方近年、ケー
ブル障害発生（断線、ショート等）地点までの距離を瞬
時に測定する目的で多用されているＴＤＲケーブルテス
タを応用した土壌水分計測法が出現している。この計測
法の原理は、土壌の水分が比誘電率に関連することを利
用し、土壌に垂直に埋め込んだまたは水平に埋め込んだ
金属プローブに沿って電磁波を送り、その反射時間か
ら、比誘電率を計測し、比誘電率から土壌水分量を算出
する方法である。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, gravimetric methods and neutrons have been used for measuring soil moisture in a field, but their use is limited in terms of measurement time and safety. On the other hand, in recent years, a soil moisture measurement method using a TDR cable tester, which is widely used for the purpose of instantaneously measuring a distance to a point where a cable failure occurs (a disconnection, a short circuit, or the like), has appeared. The principle of this measurement method is to take advantage of the fact that soil moisture is related to the relative permittivity, send electromagnetic waves along a metal probe embedded vertically or horizontally in the soil, and from the reflection time, the relative permittivity Is measured and the soil moisture content is calculated from the relative permittivity.
【０００３】この計測法は測定の迅速性に極めて富んで
おり、有力な計測方法であるが、プローブを土壌に垂直
に埋め込む構造では、土壌の表層に近い部位（〜１０ｃ
ｍ）の計測ではプローブが短くなり、電磁波の反射時間
も短くなり、精度の低下を招き、また水平に埋め込む構
造では、多点数測定の場合移動が困難で、効率的な測定
を阻害する要因となっている。[0003] This measurement method is extremely effective in the rapidity of measurement, and is a promising measurement method. However, in a structure in which a probe is vertically embedded in soil, a portion close to the surface layer of the soil (〜１０10 c) is used.
In the measurement of m), the probe is shortened, the reflection time of the electromagnetic wave is shortened, and the accuracy is reduced. In the case of the horizontally embedded structure, it is difficult to move in the case of multipoint measurement, which is a factor that hinders efficient measurement. Has become.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明の目的】本発明は、上述の従来の欠点を除去し圃
場の表層に近い部位の土壌水分量を迅速かつ高精度に得
ることを目的とする。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned conventional drawbacks and to quickly and accurately obtain the soil moisture content of a portion near the surface of a field.
【０００５】[0005]
【問題点の解決手段】本発明の要旨とするところは、一
枚の金属プローブの半分を土壌中に埋設し、他の半分を
空気中に臨ませて全体の比誘電率を計測し、演算装置
で、式 ε２＝２ε−１（ε２：土壌の比誘電率、ε：
空気と土壌の両方の影響を受けた比誘電率）で求めた土
壌の比誘電率から土壌水分量を算出することを特徴とす
る土壌水分計測方法であり、また、プローブ断面の下半
分が土壌中の比誘電率、上半分が空気中の比誘電率に感
応する機構を具備したＴＤＲ測定手法を用いた土壌水分
計測用プローブである。[Summary of the Invention] The gist of the present invention is to bury one half of a metal probe in the soil and expose the other half to the air to measure the relative dielectric constant of the whole and calculate In the apparatus, the equation ε 2 = 2ε−1 (ε 2 : relative permittivity of soil, ε:
This is a soil moisture measurement method that calculates the soil moisture content from the relative permittivity of the soil determined by the relative permittivity affected by both air and soil. This is a probe for measuring soil moisture using a TDR measurement method equipped with a mechanism that responds to the relative dielectric constant in the middle and the upper half to the relative dielectric constant in the air.
【０００６】本プローブを用いた計算式は、下記のとお
りである。土壌にプローブを垂直又は水平に埋め込んだ
場合の計算式は、プローブ周辺が同一の比誘電率の土壌
で覆われているので、 となる。A calculation formula using the present probe is as follows. The formula for embedding the probe vertically or horizontally in the soil is that the area around the probe is covered with soil of the same dielectric constant, Becomes
【０００７】この式より求めた比誘電率をもとに土壌水
分量を算出する。表面測定では、プローブ軸方向の下半
分が土壌で、上半分は空気である。従って比誘電率は、 となる。[0007] The soil moisture content is calculated based on the relative permittivity obtained from this equation. In the surface measurement, the lower half in the probe axis direction is soil and the upper half is air. Therefore, the relative permittivity is Becomes
【０００８】ここで空気の比誘電率（＝１．０００５８
５）はほとんど１と見なしてよいために、上式は、 となり、 Here, the relative dielectric constant of air (= 1.00058)
Since 5) can be regarded as almost 1, the above equation becomes Becomes
【０００９】よって求める土壌の比誘電率は、 となる。演算装置で、この式により求めた比誘電率をも
とに、土壌水分量を算出する。また、本発明に係るプロ
ーブは、このようにプローブ断面の下半分が土壌中の比
誘電率に感応し、上半分が空気中の比誘電率に感応する
構成となっている。具体的には、下半分は、一枚の板の
内土壌に埋設される部分であり、上半分とは、これに連
設され中空に位置する部分である。The specific dielectric constant of the soil thus obtained is Becomes The arithmetic unit calculates the soil water content based on the relative dielectric constant obtained by this equation. Further, the probe according to the present invention is configured such that the lower half of the probe cross section is sensitive to the relative dielectric constant in the soil and the upper half is sensitive to the relative dielectric constant in the air. Specifically, the lower half is a portion buried in the inner soil of one board, and the upper half is a portion that is connected to this and located in the air.
【００１０】この条件を満たす限りいかなる形状でもよ
いが、断面がＴ字型とするのが望ましい。すなわち、前
記金属プローブが、偏平部材と、この偏平部材の側面に
直角に植立されこの側面を２等分する仕切り部材とから
なり、仕切り部材で分割される偏平部材の一方が前記下
半分となり、他方が上半分となるようにする。測定のた
め土壌にセットするとき、仕切り部材は土壌表面に水平
に置かれ、偏平部材の一方が土壌中に埋められ、他方が
空中に位置する。このようなＴ字型の他、十字型にして
もよい。そして、給電線が一対のプローブ部材に接続さ
れ、比誘電率が測定される。Although any shape may be used as long as this condition is satisfied, it is preferable that the cross section be T-shaped. That is, the metal probe comprises a flat member, and a partition member which is erected at right angles to the side surface of the flat member and bisects the side surface, and one of the flat members divided by the partition member is the lower half. So that the other is the upper half. When set on the soil for measurement, the partition member is placed horizontally on the soil surface, one of the flat members is buried in the soil, and the other is in the air. In addition to the T shape, a cross shape may be used. Then, the power supply line is connected to the pair of probe members, and the relative permittivity is measured.
【００１１】[0011]
【実施例】本発明を図１に従って説明すると、１対のプ
ローブ１であり、このプローブ１は偏平部材２と仕切り
部材３とからなり、仕切り部材３は偏平部材２の片側中
央に直角に接続され、断面がＴ字型になっている。４は
測定対象となる土壌であり、偏平部材２の下半分５はこ
の土壌４に埋められ、上半分６は地上に位置する。仕切
り部材３は、土壌表面に接する。７は給電線であり、８
はプローブ１への給電点である。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 1 as a pair of probes 1. This probe 1 comprises a flat member 2 and a partition member 3, and the partition member 3 is connected to the center of one side of the flat member 2 at right angles. The cross section is T-shaped. Reference numeral 4 denotes soil to be measured. The lower half 5 of the flat member 2 is buried in the soil 4, and the upper half 6 is located on the ground. The partition member 3 contacts the soil surface. 7 is a power supply line, 8
Is a power supply point to the probe 1.
【００１２】表１のデータは、図１の低水分土壌につい
て本発明のプローブと図２の従来型のプローブを使用し
て測定されたものである。The data in Table 1 were measured on the low moisture soil of FIG. 1 using the probe of the present invention and the conventional probe of FIG.
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００１３】表２のデータは、高水分土壌について、実
施例１と同じ測定を行った結果である。The data in Table 2 are the results of performing the same measurements as in Example 1 on high moisture soil.
【表２】 [Table 2]
【００１４】[0014]
【効果】以上のとおり、本発明法では、測定値のバラツ
キが低水分土壌でも高水分土壌でも極めて小さく、測定
値の精度が高いことが確認された。また、本発明におい
ては、半分だけプローブを土壌に埋め込むので、土壌の
表層に近い部位の計測でもプローブの長さが制約され
ず、電磁波の反射時間も長く、高精度である。さらに本
発明では半分だけ土壌に埋めるので、移動が簡単で効率
的な測定を行うことができる。プローブを横Ｔ字型また
は十字型にしておけば、一部を土壌内に埋め込めば仕切
り部材がストッパーとなって、土壌内の部分と空気中の
部分を均等に２分割する。[Effects] As described above, according to the method of the present invention, it was confirmed that the dispersion of the measured values was extremely small in both low-moisture soil and high-moisture soil, and the accuracy of the measured values was high. Further, in the present invention, since only half of the probe is buried in the soil, the length of the probe is not restricted even when measuring a portion close to the surface layer of the soil, the reflection time of the electromagnetic wave is long, and the accuracy is high. Further, in the present invention, since only half of the soil is buried in the soil, the measurement can be performed easily and efficiently. If the probe is formed in a horizontal T-shape or a cross shape, if a part is embedded in the soil, the partition member functions as a stopper, and the part in the soil and the part in the air are equally divided into two parts.
【図１】本発明のプローブの使用状態を示す斜視図FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a use state of a probe of the present invention.
【図２】従来のプローブの使用状態を示す斜視図FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a use state of a conventional probe.
【符号の説明】 １−プローブ ２−偏平部材 ３−仕切り部材 ４−土壌 ５−下半分 ６−上半分 ７−給電線 ８−給電点[Description of Signs] 1-probe 2-flat member 3-partition member 4-soil 5-lower half 6-upper half 7-feeding line 8-feeding point
Claims (5)
し、他の半分を空気中に臨ませて全体の比誘電率を計測
し、演算装置で、 式 ε２＝２ε−１ （ε２：土壌の比誘電率、ε：空気と土壌の両方の影響
を受けた比誘電率）で求めた土壌の比誘電率から土壌水
分量を算出することを特徴とする土壌水分計測方法1. A half of a pair of metal probes embedded in the soil, and the other half to measure the dielectric constant of the whole so as to face into the air, an arithmetic unit, wherein ε 2 = 2ε-1 ( ( 2 ) calculating a soil moisture content from the relative permittivity of the soil obtained by ε 2 : relative permittivity of soil, ε: relative permittivity affected by both air and soil).
平部材の側面を２等分する位置に直角に植立された仕切
り部材とからなり、この仕切り部材によって２等分され
る偏平部材の一方を土壌に埋設し、他方を空気中に残
し、仕切り部材を土壌表面に平行に置いて比誘電率の測
定を行うことを特徴とする請求項１の土壌水分計測方法2. The flat metal member according to claim 1, wherein said metal probe comprises a flat member and a partition member which is erected at a right angle at a position bisecting the side surface of said flat member. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein one of the two is buried in the soil, the other is left in the air, and the relative permittivity is measured by placing the partition member parallel to the surface of the soil.
電率、上半分が空気中の比誘電率に感応する機構を具備
したＴＤＲ測定手法を用いた土壌水分計測用プローブ3. A probe for measuring soil moisture using a TDR measuring method having a mechanism in which a lower half of a metal probe cross section is sensitive to a relative dielectric constant in soil and an upper half is sensitive to a relative dielectric constant in air.
平部材の側面に直角に植立されこの側面を２等分する仕
切り部材とからなる請求項３の土壌水分計測用プローブ4. The probe according to claim 3, wherein said metal probe comprises a flat member, and a partition member which is erected at right angles to a side surface of said flat member and bisects said side surface.
を特徴とする請求項４の土壌水分計測用プローブ5. A soil moisture measuring probe according to claim 4 , wherein a feed point of a feed line is provided on the partition member.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP25215696A JP2913022B2 (en) | 1996-08-19 | 1996-08-19 | Soil moisture measurement method and probe for soil moisture measurement |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP25215696A JP2913022B2 (en) | 1996-08-19 | 1996-08-19 | Soil moisture measurement method and probe for soil moisture measurement |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH1062368A JPH1062368A (en) | 1998-03-06 |
| JP2913022B2 true JP2913022B2 (en) | 1999-06-28 |
Family
ID=17233269
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP25215696A Expired - Lifetime JP2913022B2 (en) | 1996-08-19 | 1996-08-19 | Soil moisture measurement method and probe for soil moisture measurement |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2913022B2 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2016191583A (en) * | 2015-03-31 | 2016-11-10 | 公益財団法人鉄道総合技術研究所 | Method for measuring moisture content ratio and moisture content percentage of soil |
| JP2016191582A (en) * | 2015-03-31 | 2016-11-10 | 公益財団法人鉄道総合技術研究所 | Method for measuring moisture content ratio and moisture content percentage of soil |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102007022039B4 (en) | 2007-05-08 | 2009-07-09 | Hochschule Mannheim | sensor arrangement |
| CN101799436B (en) * | 2010-03-18 | 2012-07-25 | 中国农业大学 | Instrument for measuring soil moisture and conductivity based on phase detection and measuring method thereof |
| JP5688731B2 (en) * | 2010-12-10 | 2015-03-25 | 国立大学法人徳島大学 | Capacitive moisture meter and water level meter |
| JP7133548B2 (en) * | 2017-06-02 | 2022-09-08 | ソニーグループ株式会社 | Moisture measuring device |
-
1996
- 1996-08-19 JP JP25215696A patent/JP2913022B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2016191583A (en) * | 2015-03-31 | 2016-11-10 | 公益財団法人鉄道総合技術研究所 | Method for measuring moisture content ratio and moisture content percentage of soil |
| JP2016191582A (en) * | 2015-03-31 | 2016-11-10 | 公益財団法人鉄道総合技術研究所 | Method for measuring moisture content ratio and moisture content percentage of soil |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH1062368A (en) | 1998-03-06 |
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