JP2721088B2 - Backhoe hydraulic operation structure - Google Patents
Backhoe hydraulic operation structureInfo
- Publication number
- JP2721088B2 JP2721088B2 JP16326692A JP16326692A JP2721088B2 JP 2721088 B2 JP2721088 B2 JP 2721088B2 JP 16326692 A JP16326692 A JP 16326692A JP 16326692 A JP16326692 A JP 16326692A JP 2721088 B2 JP2721088 B2 JP 2721088B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- control valve
- hydraulic
- oil
- boom
- sub
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Landscapes
- Operation Control Of Excavators (AREA)
Description
【0001】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、メイン油圧ポンプから
の圧油をブームシリンダに対して主制御弁及び給油路を
介して供給するよう構成するとともに、サブ油圧ポンプ
からの圧油を前記給油路に合流させる副制御弁とを備
え、前記各制御弁を油圧パイロット操作式に構成してあ
るバックホーの油圧操作構造に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a construction in which hydraulic oil from a main hydraulic pump is supplied to a boom cylinder through a main control valve and an oil supply passage, and hydraulic oil from a sub hydraulic pump is supplied to the boom cylinder. A sub-control valve that joins a road; and a hydraulic operation structure of a backhoe in which each of the control valves is configured to be a hydraulic pilot operation type.
【0002】[0002]
【従来の技術】上記バックホーの油圧操作構造におい
て、従来では、前記サブ油圧ポンプからの圧油を副制御
弁を介してブームシリンダの上昇操作側給油路にのみ供
給するよう構成し、主制御弁の上昇用操作に伴って副制
御弁が連動して作動され、ブームの上昇操作の操作力を
大きくさせるよう構成したものがあった。2. Description of the Related Art In the above-mentioned hydraulic operating structure of a backhoe, conventionally, a configuration is adopted in which hydraulic oil from the sub-hydraulic pump is supplied only to a raising operation side oil supply passage of a boom cylinder via a sub-control valve, and a main control valve There has been a configuration in which the auxiliary control valve is operated in conjunction with the lifting operation to increase the operating force of the boom raising operation.
【0003】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】上記従来構造は、バッ
クホー装置による土砂等の掘削作業を行いバケットによ
り土砂を掬って運搬車等に積載させるような場合、ブー
ムシリンダに対しては、バックホー装置自身の重量と土
砂の荷重とが加わって大となるので、このような負荷を
考慮して圧油量を予め大に設定しておくと、ブームの下
降操作の際にも、同様な油圧力が作用して下降速度が速
くなり過ぎて、操作が行い難いものになるので、大きな
荷重が掛かる上昇操作の場合のみ2ポンプからの圧油を
合流させて供給させるよう構成したものである。ところ
が、この種のバックホーを用いて、アスファルト割り作
業や土面の鎮圧作業等を行うことがあり、このような場
合には、バックホー装置のバケットに代えて杭体を取付
けたり、バケットの面部分を用いて、ブームシリンダを
下降操作させて上記したような作業を行うのであるが、
上記従来構造においては、ブームシリンダの下降操作の
際には、1ポンプからの圧油だけが供給される構造であ
るから、ブーム下げ速度が遅くなり、充分な砕き機能や
鎮圧機能を発揮できない欠点があった。尚、油圧制御バ
ルブをリンク機構を介して操作レバーにより直接操作す
る構造のものでは、油圧シリンダのレバー操作に対して
素早く対応するから比較的、上記したような作業におい
て衝撃的な下降を行い易いが、油圧制御バルブが油圧パ
イロット操作式のものにおいては、レバー操作に対して
油圧シリンダの応答遅れが生じるので、微妙な操作が行
い難い欠点がある。本発明は上記不具合点を解消するこ
とを目的としている。The above-mentioned conventional structure has a problem that the backhoe apparatus itself excavates the earth and sand by a backhoe apparatus, scoops the earth and sand by a bucket, and loads it on a transport vehicle or the like. The weight of the oil and the load of the earth and sand add to it, so if the oil pressure is set to a large value in advance in consideration of such a load, the same oil pressure will be applied even when the boom is lowered. Since the lowering speed becomes too fast due to the operation and the operation becomes difficult, the pressure oil from the two pumps is combined and supplied only in the case of the ascending operation in which a large load is applied. However, this type of backhoe may be used to perform asphalt splitting work, soil crushing work, etc. In such a case, a pile body is attached instead of the bucket of the backhoe device, The above operation is performed by lowering the boom cylinder using
In the above-mentioned conventional structure, when the boom cylinder is lowered, only the pressure oil from one pump is supplied, so that the boom lowering speed becomes slow and the sufficient crushing function and the pressure reducing function cannot be exhibited. was there. In the case of the structure in which the hydraulic control valve is directly operated by the operation lever via the link mechanism, the hydraulic cylinder is quickly responded to the operation of the lever of the hydraulic cylinder, so that it is relatively easy to make a shocking descent in the above-described operation. However, when the hydraulic control valve is of a hydraulic pilot operation type, there is a disadvantage that it is difficult to perform a delicate operation because a response delay of the hydraulic cylinder with respect to the lever operation occurs. An object of the present invention is to eliminate the above disadvantages.
【0004】[0004]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明の特徴構成は、冒
頭に記載したバックホーの油圧操作構造において、前記
主制御弁のブーム上昇操作に連動して、前記副制御弁か
ら第1合流路を介して上昇用第1給油路に圧油を合流さ
せるよう構成するとともに、前記主制御弁のブーム下降
操作に連動して、前記副制御弁から第2合流路を介して
下降用第2給油路に圧油を合流させるよう構成し、か
つ、前記第2合流路に副制御弁からの圧油を下降用第2
給油路に供給する状態と、前記圧油を排油させる状態と
に切り換え操作自在な切換弁を介装してある点にある。According to a feature of the present invention, in the backhoe hydraulic operation structure described at the beginning, the first joint flow path is connected from the sub control valve in conjunction with the boom raising operation of the main control valve. And a second oil supply passage for lowering from the sub-control valve via a second joint passage in conjunction with the boom lowering operation of the main control valve. And pressurized oil from the sub-control valve to the second merging passage.
It is characterized in that a switching valve operable to switch between a state in which the pressure oil is supplied to the oil supply path and a state in which the pressure oil is discharged is provided.
【0005】[0005]
【作用】アスファルト割り等の作業を行う場合には、前
記切換弁を副制御弁からの圧油を下降用第2給油路に供
給する状態に切り換え設定しておくことで、ブームを下
降操作させると、ブームシリンダに対して第1油圧ポン
プと第2油圧ポンプの夫々の圧油が合流された状態で供
給されるので、ブームの下降速度を速くでき、充分な衝
撃機能を発揮できて、アスファルト割り等を有効に行え
る。又、通常の土砂等の掘削作業を行う場合には、前記
切換弁を圧油排油状態に設定しておくことで、ブームを
無荷重状態で地面近くまで下降させるだけの操作時に不
必要に速くブームが下降するのを防止できる。When performing an operation such as asphalt splitting, the boom is lowered by setting the switching valve to a state in which the pressure oil from the sub-control valve is supplied to the lowering second oil supply passage. And the hydraulic oil of the first hydraulic pump and the hydraulic oil of the second hydraulic pump are supplied to the boom cylinder in a merged state, so that the descent speed of the boom can be increased, and a sufficient impact function can be exerted. Splits can be made effectively. Also, when performing a normal excavation work such as earth and sand, by setting the switching valve to a pressure oil draining state, it is unnecessary to perform an operation only to lower the boom to a position close to the ground with no load. The boom can be prevented from descending quickly.
【0006】[0006]
【発明の効果】従って、作業の種類に応じてブームの下
降速度を高速状態と低速状態とに使い分けできて、レバ
ー操作に対して比較的応答の遅い油圧パイロット操作式
に構成した場合であっても、アスファルト割り等の作業
を能率よく行えるものになるとともに、通常の土砂掘削
作業の際には、不測にブーム下降速度が速くなりすぎる
のを抑制して、操縦操作性が低下するのを未然に防止で
きるものとなった。Therefore, the lowering speed of the boom can be selectively used between a high speed state and a low speed state in accordance with the type of work, and the hydraulic pilot operation type having a relatively slow response to the lever operation is provided. In addition, it is possible to efficiently perform operations such as asphalt splitting, and at the time of ordinary earth and sand excavation work, prevent the boom descent speed from becoming too high unexpectedly and prevent the deterioration of maneuverability. Can be prevented.
【0007】[0007]
【実施例】以下、実施例を図面に基いて説明する。図5
にバックホーを示している。このバックホーは、走行モ
ータM1,M2により駆動される左右クローラ走行装置
1,1を備えた走行機台2上に旋回モータM3により縦
軸芯周りで全旋回自在な旋回台3を搭載するとともに、
旋回台3上に操縦部4、原動部5を備え、旋回台3の端
部にスイングシリンダCY1により駆動揺動自在なスイ
ングブラケット6を介して揺動格納自在にバックホー装
置7を連結し、走行機台2の前部にはドーザシリンダC
Y2により昇降揺動自在にドーザ装置8を設けて構成し
てある。操縦部4は、原動部ボンネット9上に運転座席
10を載置支持するとともに、運転座席10の前方側に
旋回台3から操縦ポスト11を立設して構成してある。
前記運転座席10は操縦者の体格に応じて前後方向にス
ライド移動調節自在に構成してあり、操縦ポスト11も
同様に前後にスライド調節自在に構成してある。つま
り、図2に示すように、旋回台3の下面側に左右夫々に
前後一対のスプリングボール式のスライド支持部12を
設け、操縦ポスト11の下端部に係合溝13を形成した
左右レール部14をこのスライド支持部12により前後
スライド自在に支持してある。そして、レール部14に
は、所定間隔をあけて、スプリングボール12aが係合
して位置決めされる深溝凹部を形成して位置決めするよ
う構成してある。又、操縦部4を覆う日除け15の支柱
16には、図3に示すように、グリスガン17を弾性支
持具18により内装支持して蓋体19に閉塞するよう構
成してある。前記バックホー装置7は、ブーム20、ア
ーム21、バケット22を枢支連結して、夫々をブーム
シリンダCY3、アームシリンダCY4、バケットシリ
ンダCY5により揺動駆動して掘削作業を行えるよう構
成してある。前記バケット22の掘削爪23が形成され
る先端部は、図4に示すように、平面視円弧状に形成し
て中央の爪23が先行して食い込み、大きな掘削力を得
られるよう構成してある。次にこのバックホーの油圧操
作構造について説明する。図1に油圧回路構造を示す。
第1油圧ポンプP1〔サブ油圧ポンプの一例〕からの圧
油を左走行モータ用油圧制御弁V1、ブームシリンダの
増速用副制御弁V2、アームシリンダ用油圧制御弁V3
の夫々に供給し、第2油圧ポンプP2〔メイン油圧ポン
プの一例〕からの圧油を右走行モータ用油圧制御弁V
4、ブームシリンダ用主制御弁V5、バケット用油圧制
御弁V6の夫々にし、第3油圧ポンプP3の圧油を旋回
モータ用油圧制御弁V7、スイングシリンダ用油圧制御
弁V8、ドーザシリンダ用油圧制御弁V9の夫々に供給
するよう油圧回路を構成し、各ポンプP1,P2,P3
に対応する各制御弁は夫々センターバイパス型多連弁に
構成してある。又、ブームシリンダCY3の増速用副制
御弁V2、アームシリンダ用油圧制御弁V3、ブームシ
リンダ用主制御弁V5、バケット用油圧制御弁V6、及
び旋回モータ用油圧制御弁V7の夫々は、油圧パイロッ
ト操作式に構成してあり、操縦ポスト11の上部に配設
した左右一対の操作レバー24,24の操作により、油
圧パイロット操作弁を介して夫々切り換え操作されるよ
う構成してある。そして、前記主制御弁V5のブーム上
昇操作に連動して、前記副制御弁V2から第1合流路Q
1を介して上昇用第1給油路L1に圧油を合流させるよ
う構成するとともに、前記主制御弁V5のブーム下降操
作に連動して、前記副制御弁V3から第2合流路Q2を
介して下降用第2給油路L2に圧油を合流させるよう構
成し、かつ、前記第2合流路Q2に副制御弁V2からの
圧油を下降用第2給油路L2に供給する状態と、前記圧
油を排油させる状態とに切り換え操作自在な電磁式2位
置切換弁25を介装してある。前記切換弁25は圧油排
油側にバネ付勢され、操縦部4に配設した操作スイッチ
SWの操作に基づいて励磁駆動され、圧油を下降用第2
給油路L2に供給する状態に切り換わるよう構成してあ
る。従って、アスファルト割り等の作業を行う場合に
は、前記供給状態に切り換えておくと、ブーム操作用の
操作レバー24の操作に基づいて油圧パイロット操作弁
Vpを介して副制御弁V2と主制御弁V5とが同一操作
方向に切り換えられ、ブーム20の上昇並びに下降操作
の夫々において第1油圧ポンプP1及び第2油圧ポンプ
P2の圧油が合流されてブームシリンダCY3に供給さ
れ、作動速度が高速になる状態に設定できるのである。
又、切換弁25を排油側に設定しておくと、ブーム20
の上昇操作の際のみ2ポンプ合流が行われ、下降操作の
際には、第2油圧ポンプ2の圧油のみ供給されるのであ
る。Embodiments will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG.
Shows the backhoe. This backhoe mounts a swivel 3 that can be swiveled around a vertical axis by a swivel motor M3 on a traveling machine base 2 provided with left and right crawler traveling devices 1 and 1 driven by traveling motors M1 and M2,
A steering unit 4 and a driving unit 5 are provided on the swivel base 3, and a backhoe device 7 is connected to an end of the swivel base 3 via a swing bracket 6 that can be driven and swung by a swing cylinder CY <b> 1 so as to be swingably stored. Dozer cylinder C in front of machine base 2
A dozer device 8 is provided so as to be able to vertically move and swing by Y2. The control section 4 is configured by mounting and supporting a driver's seat 10 on a driving section hood 9 and a control post 11 standing upright from the swivel 3 in front of the driver's seat 10.
The driver's seat 10 is configured to be slidable in the front-rear direction according to the physique of the driver, and the steering post 11 is also configured to be slidable in the front-back direction. That is, as shown in FIG. 2, a pair of front and rear spring ball type slide support portions 12 are provided on the lower surface side of the swivel table 3 on the left and right sides, and an engagement groove 13 is formed at a lower end portion of the steering post 11. 14 is supported by the slide support portion 12 so as to be slidable back and forth. The rail portion 14 is configured so as to form a deep groove concave portion at which the spring ball 12a is engaged and positioned at a predetermined interval, and position the rail portion 14. As shown in FIG. 3, the support 16 of the sunshade 15 that covers the control section 4 is configured so that the grease gun 17 is internally supported by the elastic support 18 and is closed by the lid 19. The backhoe device 7 is configured such that the boom 20, the arm 21, and the bucket 22 are pivotally connected to each other, and each of them is swingably driven by a boom cylinder CY3, an arm cylinder CY4, and a bucket cylinder CY5 to perform excavation work. As shown in FIG. 4, the tip of the bucket 22 where the excavation claw 23 is formed is formed in an arc shape in a plan view so that the center claw 23 bites in first and a large excavation force is obtained. is there. Next, the hydraulic operating structure of the backhoe will be described. FIG. 1 shows a hydraulic circuit structure.
Hydraulic oil from the first hydraulic pump P1 (an example of a sub hydraulic pump) is supplied to the left traveling motor hydraulic control valve V1, the boom cylinder speed increasing auxiliary control valve V2, and the arm cylinder hydraulic control valve V3.
And the hydraulic oil from the second hydraulic pump P2 (an example of a main hydraulic pump) is supplied to the hydraulic control valve V for the right traveling motor.
4. The main control valve V5 for the boom cylinder, the hydraulic control valve V6 for the bucket, and the hydraulic oil of the third hydraulic pump P3 is supplied to the hydraulic control valve V7 for the swing motor, the hydraulic control valve V8 for the swing cylinder, and the hydraulic control for the dozer cylinder. A hydraulic circuit is configured to supply each of the valves V9, and each of the pumps P1, P2, P3
The control valves corresponding to the above are respectively configured as center bypass type multiple valves. Further, each of the speed increasing sub-control valve V2, the arm cylinder hydraulic control valve V3, the boom cylinder main control valve V5, the bucket hydraulic control valve V6, and the swing motor hydraulic control valve V7 of the boom cylinder CY3 is It is configured to be a pilot operated type, and is configured to be switched by a pair of left and right operation levers 24, 24 disposed above the steering post 11 via hydraulic pilot operation valves. Then, in conjunction with the boom raising operation of the main control valve V5, the first joint flow path Q
1 to join the pressurized oil to the first oil supply passage L1 for ascending, and in conjunction with the boom lowering operation of the main control valve V5, from the sub control valve V3 via the second merging passage Q2. A state in which pressure oil is joined to the second oil supply passage for lowering L2, and a state in which the pressure oil from the sub control valve V2 is supplied to the second oil supply passage for lowering L2 to the second joint passage Q2; An electromagnetic two-position switching valve 25 that can be operated to switch to a state in which oil is drained is interposed. The switching valve 25 is biased by a spring toward the hydraulic oil drainage side, and is driven to be excited based on the operation of an operation switch SW disposed on the control unit 4 to lower the hydraulic oil to a second pressure oil.
It is configured to switch to a state of supplying to the oil supply passage L2. Therefore, when the work such as asphalt splitting is performed, the state is switched to the supply state, and the sub control valve V2 and the main control valve are switched via the hydraulic pilot operation valve Vp based on the operation of the operation lever 24 for operating the boom. V5 is switched to the same operation direction, and the hydraulic oil of the first hydraulic pump P1 and the hydraulic oil of the second hydraulic pump P2 are combined and supplied to the boom cylinder CY3 in each of the raising and lowering operations of the boom 20, and the operating speed is increased. It can be set to a state.
If the switching valve 25 is set to the oil drain side, the boom 20
The two pumps are joined only at the time of the upward operation, and only the pressure oil of the second hydraulic pump 2 is supplied at the time of the downward operation.
【0008】〔別実施例1〕前記切換弁25は電磁式に
代えて、戻し付勢された足踏みペダルの踏み込み操作に
より切り換える構成としてもよい。[Alternative Embodiment 1] The switching valve 25 may be configured to switch by depressing a foot pedal that is biased back, instead of using an electromagnetic valve.
【0009】〔別実施例2〕前記切換弁25は、図6に
示すように、サブ油圧ポンプとしての前記第3油圧ポン
プ3におけるセンターバイパス路L3に介装するもので
もよい。尚、この場合、前記切換弁25は操作レバー2
4のブーム20の下降操作が行われた場合にのみ切り換
えられるよう連係させる必要がある。[Second Embodiment] As shown in FIG. 6, the switching valve 25 may be interposed in a center bypass passage L3 of the third hydraulic pump 3 as a sub-hydraulic pump. In this case, the switching valve 25 is connected to the operation lever 2.
It is necessary to cooperate so as to be switched only when the lowering operation of the boom 20 of No. 4 is performed.
【0010】尚、特許請求の範囲の項に図面との対照を
容易にするために符号を記すが、該記入により本発明は
添付図面の構成に限定されるものではない。[0010] In the claims, reference numerals are provided to facilitate comparison with the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the configuration of the attached drawings by the entry.
【図1】油圧回路図FIG. 1 is a hydraulic circuit diagram
【図2】操縦部ポスト支持部の断面図FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a control section post support section.
【図3】支柱の断面図FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a column.
【図4】バケットの斜視図FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a bucket.
【図5】バックホーの側面図FIG. 5 is a side view of the backhoe.
【図6】別実施例の油圧回路図FIG. 6 is a hydraulic circuit diagram of another embodiment.
25 切換弁 CY3 ブームシリンダ L1 第1給油路 L2 第2給油路 P2 メイン油圧ポンプ Q1 第1合流路 Q2 第2合流路 V2 副制御弁 V5 主制御弁 25 Switching valve CY3 Boom cylinder L1 First oil supply path L2 Second oil supply path P2 Main hydraulic pump Q1 First merge flow path Q2 Second merge flow path V2 Secondary control valve V5 Main control valve
Claims (1)
ブームシリンダ(CY3)に対して主制御弁(V5)及
び給油路を介して供給するよう構成するとともに、サブ
油圧ポンプからの圧油を前記給油路に合流させる副制御
弁(V2)とを備え、前記各制御弁(V2),(V5)
を油圧パイロット操作式に構成してあるバックホーの油
圧操作構造であって、前記主制御弁(V5)のブーム上
昇操作に連動して、前記副制御弁(V2)から第1合流
路(Q1)を介して上昇用第1給油路(L1)に圧油を
合流させるよう構成するとともに、前記主制御弁(V
5)のブーム下降操作に連動して、前記副制御弁(V
2)から第2合流路(Q2)を介して下降用第2給油路
(L2)に圧油を合流させるよう構成し、かつ、前記第
2合流路(Q2)に副制御弁(V2)からの圧油を下降
用第2給油路(L2)に供給する状態と、前記圧油を排
油させる状態とに切り換え操作自在な切換弁(25)を
介装してあるバックホーの油圧操作構造。1. A hydraulic system for supplying hydraulic oil from a main hydraulic pump (P2) to a boom cylinder (CY3) through a main control valve (V5) and an oil supply passage, and hydraulic oil from a sub hydraulic pump. And a sub-control valve (V2) for causing the control valve (V2) to join the oil supply path, and the control valves (V2) and (V5)
Is a hydraulic operating structure of a backhoe, which is configured as a hydraulic pilot operation type, and interlocks with the boom raising operation of the main control valve (V5) from the sub control valve (V2) to the first junction flow path (Q1). Through the first oil supply passage (L1) for ascending, and the main control valve (V
5) In conjunction with the boom lowering operation of 5), the auxiliary control valve (V
2) through the second junction (Q2) through the second oil supply passage (L2) for lowering to join the pressure oil, and from the sub-control valve (V2) to the second junction (Q2). The hydraulic operating structure of the backhoe having a switching valve (25) operable to switch between a state in which the pressure oil is supplied to the second oil supply passage for lowering (L2) and a state in which the pressure oil is drained.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP16326692A JP2721088B2 (en) | 1992-06-23 | 1992-06-23 | Backhoe hydraulic operation structure |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP16326692A JP2721088B2 (en) | 1992-06-23 | 1992-06-23 | Backhoe hydraulic operation structure |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH062339A JPH062339A (en) | 1994-01-11 |
JP2721088B2 true JP2721088B2 (en) | 1998-03-04 |
Family
ID=15770543
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP16326692A Expired - Lifetime JP2721088B2 (en) | 1992-06-23 | 1992-06-23 | Backhoe hydraulic operation structure |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JP2721088B2 (en) |
-
1992
- 1992-06-23 JP JP16326692A patent/JP2721088B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH062339A (en) | 1994-01-11 |
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