JP2515066B2 - Casting composite of silicon nitride and metal - Google Patents
Casting composite of silicon nitride and metalInfo
- Publication number
- JP2515066B2 JP2515066B2 JP3257791A JP25779191A JP2515066B2 JP 2515066 B2 JP2515066 B2 JP 2515066B2 JP 3257791 A JP3257791 A JP 3257791A JP 25779191 A JP25779191 A JP 25779191A JP 2515066 B2 JP2515066 B2 JP 2515066B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- silicon nitride
- metal
- nitride member
- cast
- piston
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
- F05C2251/00—Material properties
- F05C2251/04—Thermal properties
- F05C2251/042—Expansivity
Landscapes
- Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、窒化珪素と金属とが強
固に接合された窒化珪素と金属の複合体に関するもので
ある。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a composite of silicon nitride and metal in which silicon nitride and metal are firmly bonded.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】窒化珪素は耐熱性に優れるため、高温に
さらされる容器や、燃焼器の耐熱性向上等の用途に向い
ている。しかし、金属に比較して脆性で、引張応力に対
する耐久性が低いという欠点を有する。このため、金属
との複合化によりその欠点を補つて使用することが不可
欠である。窒化珪素と金属との複合化を行なうに際して
は、窒化珪素の外周研削加工を必要としない、金属によ
る鋳ぐるみの方法が最も簡単で低コストである。ここで
金属の選定に際しては、窒化珪素と熱膨張係数ができる
限り近いことが、窒化珪素部材の応力低減の観点から好
ましく、Ｎｉを含む鉄系合金が比較的適している。しか
しながら、鉄系の合金は融点が約１５００℃前後である
ため、窒化珪素を鋳ぐるむ際に、窒化珪素部材の形状に
よつては、窒化珪素部材内の過渡的な熱応力が過大にな
り、亀裂が発生することがあつた。2. Description of the Related Art Since silicon nitride has excellent heat resistance, it is suitable for use in containers exposed to high temperatures and in improving the heat resistance of combustors. However, it has the drawbacks of being brittle and less durable to tensile stress than metals. For this reason, it is indispensable to use it by making a complex with a metal to make up for the drawback. When compounding silicon nitride and a metal, the method of forming a cast metal with a metal, which does not require grinding of the outer periphery of the silicon nitride, is the simplest and has the lowest cost. When selecting the metal, it is preferable that the coefficient of thermal expansion be as close as possible to that of silicon nitride from the viewpoint of reducing the stress of the silicon nitride member, and an iron-based alloy containing Ni is relatively suitable. However, since the iron-based alloy has a melting point of about 1500 ° C., when the silicon nitride is cast, the transient thermal stress in the silicon nitride member becomes excessive depending on the shape of the silicon nitride member. , Cracks may occur.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】鋳造時の窒化珪素の亀
裂発生は、窒化珪素部材内の温度の不均一による熱応力
によるものである。従って本発明は、窒化珪素部材にお
いて高温の溶湯から流れ込む熱の流れの方向に沿う窒化
珪素の厚さを均一にすることにより窒化珪素部材内の温
度を均一にし、熱応力の発生を抑えた窒化珪素と金属の
鋳ぐるみ複合体を提供することを目的とするものであ
る。The generation of cracks in silicon nitride during casting is due to thermal stress due to non-uniform temperature in the silicon nitride member. Therefore, according to the present invention, the temperature in the silicon nitride member is made uniform by making the thickness of the silicon nitride along the flow direction of the heat flowing from the high temperature molten metal in the silicon nitride member uniform, thereby suppressing the occurrence of thermal stress. It is an object of the present invention to provide a cast and cast composite of silicon and metal.
【０００４】[0004]
【課題を解決するための手段】 即ち、本発明によれ
ば、上部にくぼみ部を有する窒化珪素部材の外側周面部
および下部底面部を金属で鋳ぐるんでなる窒化珪素と金
属の鋳ぐるみ複合体において、 １）金属は熱膨張係数が窒化珪素に近い鉄合金とし、 ２）窒化珪素の１１００℃における４点曲抗折強度が３
００ＭＰａ以上であり、 ３）窒化珪素部材のくぼみ部内面上の任意の点Ｐと窒化
珪素部材底面および外側周面部上の点Ｑを結ぶ線分で表
される窒化珪素部材の厚さＰＱの最大値と最小値との差
が窒化珪素部材外径の１０％以下とした窒化珪素と金属
の鋳ぐるみ複合体が提供される。Means for Solving the Problems That is, according to the present invention, the upper portion to the recessed portion of silicon nitride and the metal of the insert casting composite comprising an outer peripheral surface and the lower bottom portion of the silicon nitride member Gurung cast a metal having a In the body, 1) the metal is an iron alloy having a thermal expansion coefficient close to that of silicon nitride, and 2) the 4-point bending strength of silicon nitride at 1100 ° C. is 3
And at 00MPa or more, the table in the line segment connecting the point Q on any point and P and the silicon nitride member bottom outer peripheral surface portion of the recessed portion the inner surface of 3) silicon nitride member
The difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the thickness PQ silicon nitride member is the insert casting complex of silicon nitride and a metal which is more than 10% of the silicon nitride member outer diameter is provided.
【０００５】[0005]
【作用】 本発明においては、金属として熱膨張係数が
窒化珪素に近い鉄合金を用い、窒化珪素部材の厚さＰＱ
の最大値ＰＱmax と最小値ＰＱmin との差が窒化珪素部
材外径Ｄの１０％以下であることが、製作時の歩留りを
考えた上で許容される窒化珪素部材の破壊確率以下に破
壊確率（％）をおさえるために必要であり、５％以下で
あればより好ましい。In the present invention, an iron alloy having a thermal expansion coefficient close to that of silicon nitride is used as the metal, and the thickness PQ of the silicon nitride member is used.
The difference between the maximum value PQmax and the minimum value PQmin of 10% or less of the outer diameter D of the silicon nitride member is less than or equal to the failure probability of the silicon nitride member which is allowed in consideration of the yield during manufacturing ( %), And 5% or less is more preferable.
【０００６】本発明における窒化珪素と金属の鋳ぐるみ
複合体であるピストンの金属材料としては、室温〜４０
０℃の熱膨張係数が４．５×１０-6〜９．０×１０-6／
℃の範囲にある鉄系合金を用いることが好ましい。これ
が好ましい理由は、熱膨張係数が窒化珪素にできる限り
近いことが、使用時の窒化珪素と金属の間の隙間やがた
の発生防止の観点から好ましいためである。The metal material for the piston, which is a composite of cast silicon and silicon nitride in the present invention, is from room temperature to 40.
The coefficient of thermal expansion at 0 ° C. is 4.5 × 10 −6 to 9.0 × 10 −6 /
It is preferable to use an iron-based alloy in the range of ° C. This is preferable because it is preferable that the coefficient of thermal expansion be as close as possible to that of silicon nitride from the viewpoint of preventing the generation of gaps and rattling between silicon nitride and metal during use.
【０００７】本発明で用いる鉄系合金としては、例えば
重量比でＣ ０．３〜２．０％、Ｎｉ ２５〜３２％、
Ｃｏ １２〜２０％、Ｓｉ ０．３〜２．０％、Ｎｂ
０．２〜０．８％、Ｍｇ又はＣａ ０．０１〜０．２
％、Ｍｎ １．０％以下、残部は不純物を含むＦｅとい
う組成を有し、室温〜４００℃の熱膨張係数が４．５×
１０-6〜５．５×１０-6／℃である合金、あるいは、重
量比でＣ ０．８〜３．０％、Ｎｉ ３０〜３４％、Ｃ
ｏ ４．０〜６．０％、Ｓｉ １．０〜３．０％、Ｍｎ
２．０％以下、硫黄 １．０％以下、りん １．５％
以下、Ｍｇ １．０％以下、残部は不純物を含むＦｅと
いう組成を有し、室温〜４００℃の熱膨張係数が約９×
１０-6／℃以下、室温〜２００℃の熱膨張係数が約２×
１０-6〜３×１０-6／℃である合金が望ましい。The iron-based alloy used in the present invention is, for example, C 0.3 to 2.0% by weight, Ni 25 to 32% by weight,
Co 12-20%, Si 0.3-2.0%, Nb
0.2-0.8%, Mg or Ca 0.01-0.2
%, Mn is 1.0% or less, and the balance is Fe containing impurities, and has a thermal expansion coefficient of 4.5 × from room temperature to 400 ° C.
Alloy of 10 −6 to 5.5 × 10 −6 / ° C., or C 0.8 to 3.0% by weight, Ni 30 to 34%, and C by weight ratio
o 4.0-6.0%, Si 1.0-3.0%, Mn
2.0% or less, sulfur 1.0% or less, phosphorus 1.5%
Hereinafter, it has a composition of Mg 1.0% or less and the balance Fe containing impurities, and has a thermal expansion coefficient of about 9 × from room temperature to 400 ° C.
10 -6 / ° C or less, room temperature to 200 ° C thermal expansion coefficient of about 2 ×
Alloys of 10 −6 to 3 × 10 −6 / ° C. are desirable.
【０００８】上記の合金の使用が望ましい理由は、これ
らの合金では凝固時に黒鉛（密度約２ｇ／ｃｍ3 ）が液
体金属（密度約８ｇ／ｃｍ3 ）から析出して凝固収縮が
低減し、温度低下により常温に至るまでの全収縮がイン
バー合金やコバールなどの低膨張合金より小さいこと、
また、上記組成以外の鉄系金属では、通常の鉄系材料よ
り熱膨張が窒化珪素に近い鋳ぐるみ可能であるという上
記組成の合金のような好適な特性を有さないからであ
る。[0008] Why the use of the alloy described above is desired, in these alloys graphite (density: about 2 g / cm 3) is reduced precipitated solidification shrinkage from a liquid metal (density: about 8 g / cm 3) at the time of solidification, the temperature The total shrinkage to room temperature due to the decrease is smaller than that of low expansion alloys such as Invar alloy and Kovar,
Further, the iron-based metal having a composition other than the above composition does not have a preferable property as an alloy of the above composition that the thermal expansion is closer to that of silicon nitride and can be cast as compared with the usual iron-based material.
【０００９】[0009]
【実施例】以下、本発明の実施例について図面を参照し
て説明するが、本発明はこれらの実施例に限られるもの
ではない。図１は窒化珪素と金属の鋳ぐるみ複合体とし
て製作したピストン１１の断面図を示し、図２は窒化珪
素部材の厚さＰＱの最大ＰＱmax と最小ＰＱmin の差の
窒化珪素部材外径Ｄに対する割合（％）と鋳ぐるみ時の
窒化珪素部材の破壊確率（％）との関係を示すグラフで
ある。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments. FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of a piston 11 manufactured as a cast-roughened composite of silicon nitride and metal, and FIG. 2 shows the ratio of the difference between the maximum PQmax and the minimum PQmin of the thickness PQ of the silicon nitride member to the outer diameter D of the silicon nitride member. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between (%) and the probability of breakage (%) of a silicon nitride member during casting.
【００１０】 本発明に係る窒化珪素と金属の鋳ぐるみ
複合体１１は、下記の１）〜３）に示す材料および形状
を満足するもので、上部にくぼみ部４を有する窒化珪素
部材１の外側周面部２および下部底面部３を金属６で鋳
ぐるんでなるものである。 １）金属６は熱膨張係数が窒化珪素に近い鉄合金であ
り、 ２）窒化珪素はその１１００℃における４点曲抗折強度
が３００ＭＰａ以上であり 、 ３）窒化珪素部材１のくぼみ部４内面５上の任意の点Ｐ
と窒化珪素部材１底面３および外側周面上の点Ｑを結ぶ
線分ＰＱで表される窒化珪素部材の厚さＰ Ｑの最大値Ｐ
Ｑmax と最小値ＰＱmin との差が窒化珪素部材外径Ｄの
１０％以下である。The cast-in-mold composite body 11 of silicon nitride and metal according to the present invention satisfies the materials and shapes shown in the following 1) to 3), and is outside the silicon nitride member 1 having the recessed portion 4 in the upper part. The peripheral surface portion 2 and the lower bottom surface portion 3 are made of metal 6 and cast. 1) Metal 6 is an iron alloy having a thermal expansion coefficient close to that of silicon nitride, 2) Silicon nitride has a four-point bending strength of 300 MPa or more at 1100 ° C., and 3) Inner surface of recess 4 of silicon nitride member 1. Arbitrary point P on 5
And the maximum value P of the thickness P Q of the silicon nitride member represented by the line segment PQ connecting the bottom surface 3 of the silicon nitride member 1 and the point Q on the outer peripheral surface.
Difference between Qmax and the minimum value PQmin is 10% or less of silicon nitride member outer diameter D.
【００１１】図１は本発明に係る窒化珪素と金属の鋳ぐ
るみ複合体１１をディーゼルエンジンのピストンに利用
した例である。上部にくぼみ部（燃焼室）４を有する窒
化珪素部材１を鋳型（図示せず）内にセットした後１４
５０℃の鉄系合金６を流し込み、冷却後、取り出して窒
化珪素部材１と金属６の鋳ぐるみ複合体であるピストン
１１を製作し、その後、金属外側周面部７、ピストンピ
ン穴８、ピストン上面９およびリング用溝１０を機械加
工してピストンを製作した。FIG. 1 shows an example in which the cast-in-mold composite body 11 of silicon nitride and metal according to the present invention is used for a piston of a diesel engine. After setting the silicon nitride member 1 having the recessed portion (combustion chamber) 4 in the upper portion in a mold (not shown), 14
Iron-based alloy 6 at 50 ° C. is poured, cooled, and taken out to manufacture piston 11 which is a cast-gurg composite of silicon nitride member 1 and metal 6, and thereafter metal outer peripheral surface portion 7, piston pin hole 8, piston upper surface A piston was manufactured by machining 9 and the groove 10 for a ring.
【００１２】得られたピストンにおける窒化珪素部材１
について、図２のグラフに示すように、窒化珪素部材１
の厚さＰＱの最大ＰＱmax と最小ＰＱmin の差の窒化珪
素部材外径Ｄに対する割合（％）を種々変化させた際
の、鋳ぐるみ時の窒化珪素破壊確率（％）をプロットし
たところ、破壊確率を約２０％以下におさえようとした
場合、厚さの差は１０％以下にする必要があることがわ
かった。なお、この結果は１１００℃における４点曲抗
折強度３００ＭＰａの窒化珪素材料について得られたも
のである。Silicon nitride member 1 in the obtained piston
As shown in the graph of FIG.
When the ratio (%) of the difference between the maximum PQmax and the minimum PQmin of the thickness PQ to the outside diameter D of the silicon nitride member was variously changed, the silicon nitride fracture probability (%) during casting was plotted. It was found that the thickness difference needs to be 10% or less when the thickness is controlled to be about 20% or less. The results were obtained for a silicon nitride material having a four-point bending strength of 300 MPa at 1100 ° C.
【００１３】[0013]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように、本発明では、窒化
珪素部材において高温の溶湯から流れ込む熱の流れの方
向に沿う窒化珪素の厚さを均一にすることにより窒化珪
素部材内の温度を均一にし、熱応力の発生をおさえて製
作することができ、鉄系合金の熱膨張係数が窒化珪素に
近く、使用時の窒化珪素と金属の間の隙間やがたの発生
防止となり、高温での金属と窒化珪素とのゆるみの発生
がなく信頼性があり、ピストンの場合は、金属と窒化珪
素との間の燃焼ガスの漏れがないという優れた効果を奏
する。そして、窒化珪素の外周研削加工を必要とせず、
金属による鋳ぐるみの方法が簡単で低コストとなるなど
の効果がある。As described above, according to the present invention, the temperature inside the silicon nitride member is made uniform by making the thickness of the silicon nitride along the flow direction of the heat flowing from the high temperature molten metal in the silicon nitride member uniform. The thermal expansion coefficient of the iron-based alloy is close to that of silicon nitride, which prevents the formation of gaps and rattles between the silicon nitride and the metal during use. There is no slack between the metal and silicon nitride and there is reliability. In the case of a piston, there is an excellent effect that there is no leakage of combustion gas between the metal and silicon nitride. And, it does not require the outer peripheral grinding of silicon nitride,
There is an effect that the method of forming cast metal by metal is simple and the cost is low.
【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief description of drawings]
【図１】窒化珪素と金属の鋳ぐるみ複合体として製作し
たピストンの断面図である。FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a piston manufactured as a cast-roughened composite body of silicon nitride and metal.
【図２】窒化珪素部材の厚さの最大と最小の差の窒化珪
素部材外径に対する割合と鋳ぐるみ時の窒化珪素破壊率
との関係を示すグラフである。FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the ratio of the difference between the maximum thickness and the minimum thickness of a silicon nitride member to the outer diameter of the silicon nitride member and the silicon nitride breakdown rate during casting.
１ 窒化珪素部材 ２ 窒化珪素部材の外側周面部 ３ 窒化珪素部材の下部底面部 ４ 窒化珪素部材のくぼみ部（燃焼室） ５ 窒化珪素部材のくぼみ部内面 ６ 金属（鉄系合金） ７ 金属（ピストン）の外側周面部 ８ ピストンピン穴 ９ ピストンの上面 １０ リング用溝 １１ 複合体（ピストン） Ｄ 窒化珪素部材の外径 1 Silicon Nitride Member 2 Outer Circumferential Surface Part of Silicon Nitride Member 3 Lower Bottom Part of Silicon Nitride Member 4 Recessed Part of Silicon Nitride Member (Combustion Chamber) 5 Inner Recessed Part of Silicon Nitride Member 6 Metal (Ferrous Alloy) 7 Metal (Piston) ) Outer peripheral surface portion 8 piston pin hole 9 upper surface of piston 10 ring groove 11 complex (piston) D outer diameter of silicon nitride member
Claims (1)
外側周面部および下部底面部を金属で鋳ぐるんでなる窒
化珪素と金属の鋳ぐるみ複合体において、 １）金属は熱膨張係数が窒化珪素に近い鉄合金とし、 ２）窒化珪素の１１００℃における４点曲抗折強度が３
００ＭＰａ以上であり、 ３）窒化珪素部材のくぼみ部内面上の任意の点Ｐと窒化
珪素部材底面および外側周面部上の点Ｑを結ぶ線分で表
される窒化珪素部材の厚さＰＱの最大値と最小値との差
が窒化珪素部材外径の１０％以下である、 ことを特徴とする窒化珪素と金属の鋳ぐるみ複合体。1. A cast-iron composite of silicon nitride and a metal, wherein the outer peripheral surface portion and the bottom surface portion of a silicon nitride member having a recessed portion in the upper portion are cast with metal, and 1) the metal has a thermal expansion coefficient of silicon nitride. 2) The 4-point bending strength of silicon nitride at 1100 ° C is 3).
00 MPa or more, and 3) represented by a line segment connecting an arbitrary point P on the inner surface of the hollow portion of the silicon nitride member and a point Q on the bottom surface of the silicon nitride member and the outer peripheral surface portion.
Maximum value and the minimum difference between the small value is 10% or less of silicon nitride member outer diameter, insert casting complex of silicon nitride and a metal, wherein a thickness PQ silicon nitride member to be.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3257791A JP2515066B2 (en) | 1991-10-04 | 1991-10-04 | Casting composite of silicon nitride and metal |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3257791A JP2515066B2 (en) | 1991-10-04 | 1991-10-04 | Casting composite of silicon nitride and metal |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0596358A JPH0596358A (en) | 1993-04-20 |
| JP2515066B2 true JP2515066B2 (en) | 1996-07-10 |
Family
ID=17311161
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3257791A Expired - Lifetime JP2515066B2 (en) | 1991-10-04 | 1991-10-04 | Casting composite of silicon nitride and metal |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2515066B2 (en) |
-
1991
- 1991-10-04 JP JP3257791A patent/JP2515066B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0596358A (en) | 1993-04-20 |
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