JP2006061981A - Press forming method excellent in shape fixability - Google Patents
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- JP2006061981A JP2006061981A JP2004251040A JP2004251040A JP2006061981A JP 2006061981 A JP2006061981 A JP 2006061981A JP 2004251040 A JP2004251040 A JP 2004251040A JP 2004251040 A JP2004251040 A JP 2004251040A JP 2006061981 A JP2006061981 A JP 2006061981A
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Abstract
Description
本発明は金属板のプレス成形装置及び方法に関するものであって、特に高強度鋼板やアルミニウム合金板などの場合に生ずるスプリングバックを防止して良好な形状凍結性を確保するためのプレス成形方法に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a press forming apparatus and method for a metal plate, and more particularly to a press forming method for preventing a spring back that occurs in the case of a high-strength steel plate, an aluminum alloy plate, etc. and ensuring a good shape freezing property. Is.
近年、自動車部品に高強度鋼板やアルミニウム合金板が多様されつつあるが、それらを自動車部品に成形する際に発生する形状凍結不良が問題になっている。すなわち、ハット型断面形状の部品をU字型の曲げ加工用金型を用いて成形する場合には、スプリングバックと呼ばれる形状凍結不良が発生し、寸法精度が得られないことが問題となっている。この形状凍結不良は最終製品の外観品質を著しく損なうばかりでなく、成形後に行われる組立作業において溶接不良の原因となるため、特にメンバーやフレームなどの構造部品では形状凍結不良の防止が重要視されている。 In recent years, high-strength steel plates and aluminum alloy plates have been diversified in automobile parts, but shape freezing defects that occur when they are formed into automobile parts have become a problem. That is, when a hat-shaped cross-sectional part is formed using a U-shaped bending mold, a shape freezing defect called a spring back occurs, and dimensional accuracy cannot be obtained. Yes. This shape freeze defect not only significantly deteriorates the appearance quality of the final product, but also causes welding defects in assembly operations performed after molding. Therefore, prevention of shape freeze defects is especially important for structural parts such as members and frames. ing.
曲げ加工で頻繁に観察される形状不良として知られているスプリングバックは、曲げ加工時に金型板に生じた残留応力が除荷時に弾性回復変形するために生ずる現象で、成形下死点での残留応力が板厚方向に不均一に分布することが原因である。一般に、プレス加工により曲げ成形した際に、型から開放すると金属板のスプリングバックにより、パンチの肩部に開きを生じる。この問題を解決するため、特許文献1には、曲げ肩部に成形方向とは逆方向に凹む凹状段部を同時に成形するプレス成形方法及び成形品が開示されている。これはスプリングバックに対抗する逆モーメントを発生させて釣り合わせ、ポンチ肩付近の角度の開きを防止するものである。
しかし、図1に示すようにスプリングバックは肩部1の角度変化だけではなく、材料強度が高くなると、壁部2が平面から曲率を持つ曲面に変形する「壁反り」といわれる現象も顕在化し、特許文献1に開示された発明では壁部の反りを防止することはできない。
Springback, which is known as a shape defect frequently observed in bending, is a phenomenon that occurs because the residual stress generated in the mold plate during bending is elastically restored and deformed during unloading. This is because the residual stress is unevenly distributed in the thickness direction. In general, when bent from the mold, it is opened at the shoulder of the punch due to the spring back of the metal plate. In order to solve this problem,
However, as shown in FIG. 1, the springback not only changes the angle of the
本発明は、プレス成形部品の肩部における角度の開きと壁部の反りを防止するプレス成形方法を提供することを目的とする。 An object of this invention is to provide the press molding method which prevents the opening of the angle in the shoulder part of a press molding component, and the curvature of a wall part.
係る課題を解決するため、本発明の要旨とするところは下記の通りである。
(1) プレス成形中にポンチをストロークの途中で停止し、停止した位置から下死点まで再びポンチを移動することを特徴とする形状凍結性に優れたプレス成形方法。
(2) プレス加工中にポンチをストロークの途中で停止し、ポンチを停止位置から逆方向に途中まで戻した後、戻した位置から下死点まで再びポンチを移動することを特徴とする形状凍結性に優れたプレス成形方法。
(3) ポンチが下死点に到達後、ポンチを逆方向に途中まで戻した後、戻した位置から下死点まで再びポンチを移動することを特徴とする形状凍結性に優れたプレス成形方法。
(4) ポンチが下死点に到達後、しわ押さえ力を付加しながらポンチを逆方向に戻して成形することを特徴とする形状凍結性に優れたプレス成形方法。
(5) しわ押さえ力を付加しながら成形することを特徴とする前記(1)〜(4)の何れか1項に記載の形状凍結性に優れたプレス成形方法。
(6) しわ押さえ力を付加しながらポンチを戻すことを特徴とする前記(2)又は(3)記載の形状凍結性に優れたプレス成形方法。
(7) 成形初期からポンチをストロークの途中で停止するまでしわ押さえ力を付加し、その後しわ押さえ力を付加しないで成形することを特徴とする前記(1)又は(2)の何れか1項に記載の形状凍結性に優れたプレス成形方法。
(8) 成形初期からポンチをストロークの途中で停止するまでしわ押さえ力を付加せず、ポンチを再移動させた後から成形終了までしわ押さえ力を付加して成形することを特徴とする前記(1)又は(2)に記載の形状凍結性に優れたプレス成形方法。
(9) 油圧プレス機又はサーボプレス機で成形することを特徴とする前記(1)〜(8)の何れか1項に記載の形状凍結に優れたプレス成形方法。
In order to solve the problem, the gist of the present invention is as follows.
(1) A press molding method excellent in shape freezing property, wherein the punch is stopped in the middle of the stroke during press molding, and the punch is moved again from the stopped position to the bottom dead center.
(2) Freezing of the shape characterized by stopping the punch in the middle of the stroke during press working, returning the punch to the middle in the reverse direction from the stop position, and then moving the punch again from the returned position to the bottom dead center Press molding method with excellent properties.
(3) After the punch reaches the bottom dead center, the punch is returned to the middle in the reverse direction, and then the punch is moved again from the returned position to the bottom dead center. .
(4) A press molding method with excellent shape freezing property, wherein after the punch reaches bottom dead center, the punch is returned in the reverse direction while applying a wrinkle holding force.
(5) The press molding method having excellent shape freezing property according to any one of (1) to (4), wherein molding is performed while applying a wrinkle pressing force.
(6) The press molding method having excellent shape freezing property as described in (2) or (3) above, wherein the punch is returned while a wrinkle pressing force is applied.
(7) Either one of the above (1) and (2), wherein a crease pressing force is applied from the initial stage of molding until the punch stops in the middle of the stroke, and then the crease pressing force is not applied. 2. A press molding method having excellent shape freezing property described in 1.
(8) The molding is performed by applying a crease pressing force from the initial stage of molding until the end of molding without adding a crease pressing force until the punch is stopped in the middle of the stroke. A press molding method having excellent shape freezing property as described in 1) or (2).
(9) The press molding method excellent in shape freezing according to any one of (1) to (8), wherein the press molding is performed by a hydraulic press or a servo press.
本発明により、寸法精度に優れる良好なハット型成形部品を得ることができる。 According to the present invention, a good hat-shaped molded part having excellent dimensional accuracy can be obtained.
以下、本発明を詳細に説明する。
本発明者らはコの字型断面形状を有するハット型成形部品の肩部における角度の開きと壁部の反りを防止するプレス成形方法について検討し、それらの課題を解決できることを知見した。
従来のプレス成形方法では、図2に示すように、ポンチ3は成形下死点Aまで停止せず(図2(a)→(b))、成形下死点Aに到達後(図2(b))、しわ押さえ4とポンチ3を同時に離型していた(図2(c))。本発明者らは、成形中にストロークを一旦停止し、一旦停止後にストロークとは逆方向にポンチを移動させ、再成形することで金属板のスプリングバックを少なくできることを知見した。さらに、一旦停止後にポンチを逆方向に移動させずに再成形することでも効果があることがわかった。また、成形下死点まで成形後にしわ押さえ力を付加したままポンチを戻すプレス成形方法についても検討を行った。
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
The inventors of the present invention have studied a press molding method for preventing the opening of the angle at the shoulder of the hat-shaped molded part having a U-shaped cross-section and warping of the wall, and have found that these problems can be solved.
In the conventional press molding method, as shown in FIG. 2, the
上記(1)に係る発明は、プレス加工中にポンチをストロークの途中で停止し、停止した位置から下死点まで再びポンチを移動することを特徴とする。
成形中に一旦停止することでスプリングバックを低減できるのは、ポンチを停止後に移動する際に、ポンチの慣性力が製品のポンチ底のたるみを減少させる効果であると考えられる。停止する時間については、サイクルタイムに影響を及ぼすので、1〜10秒程度でも良い。
The invention according to the above (1) is characterized in that the punch is stopped in the middle of the stroke during the press working, and the punch is moved again from the stopped position to the bottom dead center.
It can be considered that the springback can be reduced by temporarily stopping during the molding because the inertial force of the punch reduces the slack of the punch bottom of the product when the punch is moved after being stopped. About the time to stop, since it affects cycle time, about 1 to 10 seconds may be sufficient.
上記(2)に係る発明は、プレス加工中にポンチをストロークの途中で停止し、ポンチを停止位置から逆方向に途中まで戻した後、戻した位置から下死点まで再びポンチを移動することを特徴とする。
これによりスプリングバックを低減できるのは、ポンチを戻すことでポンチと製品との距離が大きくなり、製品とポンチが接触した際の慣性力がさらに大きくできるので、製品のポンチ底のたるみを減少させる効果が上がるためと考えられる。
In the invention according to the above (2), the punch is stopped in the middle of the stroke during the press working, the punch is returned to the middle in the reverse direction from the stop position, and then the punch is moved again from the returned position to the bottom dead center. It is characterized by.
This can reduce the springback because returning the punch increases the distance between the punch and the product, and further increases the inertial force when the product and the punch come into contact with each other, reducing the slack in the punch bottom of the product. It is thought that the effect is improved.
上記(3)に係る発明は、ポンチが下死点に到達後、ポンチを逆方向に途中まで戻した後、戻した位置から下死点まで再びポンチを移動することを特徴とする。
ポンチを逆方向に途中まで戻した後に、再びポンチを下死点まで移動することでスプリングバックを低減できるのは、ポンチを戻すことで、金型内で金属板のスプリングバックが発生しそれを再成形する効果と、ポンチと製品が再接触する際のポンチの慣性力が大きくなる効果と考えられる。
The invention according to (3) is characterized in that after the punch reaches the bottom dead center, the punch is returned halfway in the reverse direction, and then the punch is moved again from the returned position to the bottom dead center.
The spring back can be reduced by moving the punch back to the bottom dead center again after returning the punch to the middle in the reverse direction.Returning the punch generates a spring back of the metal plate in the mold. This is considered to be an effect of re-molding and an effect of increasing the inertial force of the punch when the punch and product re-contact.
上記(4)に係る発明は、ポンチが下死点に到達後、しわ押さえ力を付加しながらポンチを逆方向に戻して成形を終了することを特徴とする。
しわ押さえ力を付加しながらポンチを戻すことでスプリングバックを低減できるのは、ポンチを戻すことで、金型内で金属板がスプリングバックし、金型の拘束力により製品の残留応力を低減できるためと考えられる。
The invention according to the above (4) is characterized in that after the punch reaches the bottom dead center, the punch is returned in the reverse direction while applying the crease pressing force to finish the molding.
The spring back can be reduced by returning the punch while applying the wrinkle holding force. By returning the punch, the metal plate springs back in the mold, and the residual stress of the product can be reduced by the binding force of the mold. This is probably because of this.
上記(5)に係る発明は、上記(1)〜(4)の何れかの発明において、しわ押さえ力を付加しながら成形することを特徴とする。
成形中にしわ押さえ力を付加することにより、金型内の拘束力が増大し、形状凍結性が向上する。
The invention according to the above (5) is characterized in that in the invention according to any one of the above (1) to (4), molding is performed while applying a wrinkle pressing force.
By adding a wrinkle holding force during molding, the restraining force in the mold is increased and the shape freezing property is improved.
上記(6)に係る発明は、上記(2)又は(3)の発明において、しわ押さえ力を付加しながらポンチを戻すことを特徴とする。
ポンチを戻す際にしわ押さえ力を付与することにより、金型内の拘束力が増大し、形状凍結性が向上する。
The invention according to (6) above is characterized in that, in the invention of (2) or (3), the punch is returned while a wrinkle pressing force is applied.
By applying a wrinkle holding force when returning the punch, the restraining force in the mold is increased and the shape freezing property is improved.
上記(7)に係る発明は、上記(1)又は(2)の発明において、成形初期からポンチをストロークの途中で停止するまでしわ押さえ力を付加し、その後しわ押さえ力を付加しないで成形することを特徴とする。
ポンチを停止後にしわ押さえ力を付与しないことで、成形下死点における製品のひずみと残留応力を低減できるため、スプリングバックを低減することができる。
In the invention according to (7) above, in the invention of (1) or (2) above, a wrinkle pressing force is applied from the initial stage of molding until the punch stops in the middle of the stroke, and then molding is performed without adding the wrinkle pressing force. It is characterized by that.
Since the wrinkle holding force is not applied after the punch is stopped, the distortion and residual stress of the product at the bottom dead center of molding can be reduced, so that the spring back can be reduced.
上記(8)に係る発明は、上記(1)又は(2)の発明において、成形初期からポンチをストロークの途中で停止するまでしわ押さえ力を付加せず、ポンチを再移動させた後から成形終了までしわ押さえ力を付加して成形することを特徴とする。
成形初期にしわ押さえ力を付加しないことでポンチ底のたるみを増大させ、ポンチを再移動する際にしわ押さえ力を付加することにより、パンチ底のたるみを防止することにより、スプリングバック低減を図ることができる。
The invention according to (8) above is the invention according to (1) or (2) above, wherein the punch is re-moved without applying a wrinkle holding force until the punch is stopped in the middle of the stroke from the initial stage of molding. It is characterized in that it is molded with a wrinkle pressing force until the end.
By not adding wrinkle holding force at the initial stage of molding, the slack of the punch bottom is increased, and when the punch is moved again, wrinkle holding force is added to prevent punch bottom slack, thereby reducing spring back. be able to.
上記(9)に係る発明は、上記(1)〜(8)のいずれかの発明において、油圧プレス機又はサーボプレス機で成形することを特徴とする。
本発明を実現するためには、ポンチの位置制御が不可欠であるので、それが可能な装置であれば特に限定することなく本発明を実施できるが、公知の油圧プレス機又はサーボプレス機で成形することが好ましい。
The invention according to (9) is characterized in that in any one of the inventions (1) to (8), molding is performed by a hydraulic press machine or a servo press machine.
In order to realize the present invention, since the position control of the punch is indispensable, the present invention can be implemented without any limitation as long as it is an apparatus capable of doing so, but it is formed by a known hydraulic press machine or servo press machine. It is preferable to do.
本発明例として、板厚1.2mmで、引張り強さ590MPa級の鋼板を用いてプレス型のプレス試験を行った。試験片幅は幅100mm、長さ280mmとして、ポンチ幅73mm、パンチ肩R5mm、ダイス幅80mm、ダイ肩R5mm、片側の縦壁角度が5°傾斜した金型を用いて、成形高さを80mmとしてハット成形試験を行った。本発明の効果について検討するため、初期ストローク15mm、30mmでポンチを停止し、停止した位置から下死点まで再び移動させた。また、ポンチを停止位置から逆方向に5mm、10mm戻した後、戻した位置から下死点まで再びポンチを移動する効果についても検討した。成形中とポンチを戻すときのしわ押さえ力は0kN(なし)、300kNとして行った。比較例として、下死点までポンチを停止せずに下死点まで移動し、ダイ底とポンチ底で製品の板厚方向に圧縮力を付加する従来のプレス加工方法(決め押し)による成形試験を行った。 As an example of the present invention, a press test of a press mold was performed using a steel plate having a plate thickness of 1.2 mm and a tensile strength of 590 MPa. Specimen width is 100 mm, length is 280 mm, punch width is 73 mm, punch shoulder is R5 mm, die width is 80 mm, die shoulder is R5 mm, and the vertical wall angle on one side is inclined 5 °, and the molding height is 80 mm A hat forming test was conducted. In order to examine the effect of the present invention, the punch was stopped at an initial stroke of 15 mm and 30 mm, and moved from the stopped position to the bottom dead center again. Further, the effect of moving the punch again from the returned position to the bottom dead center after returning the punch by 5 mm and 10 mm in the reverse direction from the stop position was also examined. The wrinkle pressing force during molding and when returning the punch was 0 kN (none) and 300 kN. As a comparative example, forming test by conventional press working method (decision pushing) that moves to bottom dead center without stopping to the bottom dead center and applies compressive force in the product thickness direction at the die bottom and punch bottom. Went.
曲げ試験を行った試験片は三次元形状測定装置にてハット型の中央断面の形状を測定し、図1に示したように、ポンチ肩部の角度θ1とθ2、傾斜壁の反り曲率半径ρ1、縦壁の反り曲率ρ2及び開き幅Wを測定した。角度θ1、θ2はそれぞれ図において、天井部と左側の上側縦壁とのなす角、天井部と右側の上側縦壁とのなす角とする。各測定値より以下の式により、角度変化Δθ1[度]、Δθ2[度]、壁反り1/ρ1[1/mm]、壁反り1/ρ2[1/mm]、開き幅ΔW [mm]の評価値とした。
Δθ1=θ1−95°
Δθ2=θ2−90°
ΔW=W−80
The test piece subjected to the bending test was measured for the shape of the hat-shaped central cross section with a three-dimensional shape measuring device, and as shown in FIG. 1, the angles θ1 and θ2 of the punch shoulders, the curvature curvature radius ρ1 of the inclined wall The warp curvature ρ2 and the opening width W of the vertical wall were measured. In the drawing, the angles θ1 and θ2 are the angle formed between the ceiling and the left upper vertical wall, and the angle formed between the ceiling and the right upper vertical wall. From each measured value, the angle change Δθ1 [degree], Δθ2 [degree],
Δθ1 = θ1-95 °
Δθ2 = θ2-90 °
ΔW = W-80
実施例2として、上記本発明例と同一の鋼種、試験片サイズ、プレス金型を用いて成形試験を行った。本発明の効果について検討するため、ポンチが下死点に到達後、ポンチを逆方向に戻した後、成形試験を終了させた。成形中とポンチを戻すときのしわ押さえ力は300kNとした。
曲げ試験を行った試験片は上記と同一の測定により評価した。
As Example 2, a molding test was performed using the same steel type, test piece size, and press mold as those of the above-described examples of the present invention. In order to examine the effect of the present invention, after the punch reached the bottom dead center, the punch was returned in the reverse direction, and then the molding test was terminated. The wrinkle pressing force during molding and when returning the punch was 300 kN.
The test piece subjected to the bending test was evaluated by the same measurement as described above.
実施例3として、上記本発明例と同一の鋼種、試験片サイズ、プレス金型を用いて成形試験を行った。本発明の効果について検討するため、ポンチが下死点に到達後、ポンチを逆方向に30、50、70mm戻した後、戻した位置から下死点まで再びポンチを移動させた。成形中とポンチを戻すときのしわ押さえ力は300kNとした。
曲げ試験を行った試験片は上記と同一の測定により、評価した。
As Example 3, a molding test was performed using the same steel type, test piece size, and press mold as those of the above-described examples of the present invention. In order to examine the effect of the present invention, after the punch reached the bottom dead center, the punch was returned by 30, 50, and 70 mm in the reverse direction, and then the punch was moved again from the returned position to the bottom dead center. The wrinkle pressing force during molding and when returning the punch was 300 kN.
The test piece subjected to the bending test was evaluated by the same measurement as described above.
上記実施例1〜3の測定結果を表1〜3に示す。終期のしわ押さえ力は、ポンチを戻した後に、成形下死点まで成形する際に付加したしわ押さえ力を示し、開き幅に対する効果は、それぞれの比較例を基準とみなし、開き幅を6mm以上低減できたものを◎、5mm以上のものに○、4mm以上に△として評価した。
本発明により、決め押しをしなくても比較例より寸法精度が向上し、しわ押さえ力を付与すると更に良好な寸法精度に優れるハット型成形部品を得ることができた。
The measurement results of Examples 1 to 3 are shown in Tables 1 to 3. The wrinkle holding force at the end indicates the wrinkle holding force added when forming the bottom dead center after returning the punch. The effect on the opening width is considered as a reference for each comparative example, and the opening width is 6 mm or more. Those that could be reduced were evaluated as ◎ for 5 mm or more, and Δ for 4 mm or more.
According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a hat-shaped molded part that has improved dimensional accuracy as compared with the comparative example without applying a pressing force, and that has better dimensional accuracy when a wrinkle holding force is applied.
1 肩部
2 壁部
3 ポンチ
4 しわ押さえ
5 製品
6 ダイ
A 成形下死点
1
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Cited By (5)
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JP2008100242A (en) * | 2006-10-17 | 2008-05-01 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Press working apparatus and press working method |
JP2011245525A (en) * | 2010-05-27 | 2011-12-08 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Method for press forming of metal plate |
CN109513797A (en) * | 2017-09-19 | 2019-03-26 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Briquetting process and compression molding device |
CN111774480A (en) * | 2020-04-08 | 2020-10-16 | 合肥丰吉科技有限公司 | Multi-curvature automobile bent plate stamping processing die and method |
JP7475213B2 (en) | 2020-06-23 | 2024-04-26 | 日鉄ステンレス株式会社 | Metal sheet press forming method |
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Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2008100242A (en) * | 2006-10-17 | 2008-05-01 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Press working apparatus and press working method |
JP2011245525A (en) * | 2010-05-27 | 2011-12-08 | Honda Motor Co Ltd | Method for press forming of metal plate |
CN109513797A (en) * | 2017-09-19 | 2019-03-26 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Briquetting process and compression molding device |
CN109513797B (en) * | 2017-09-19 | 2021-12-28 | 丰田自动车株式会社 | Press molding method and press molding apparatus |
CN111774480A (en) * | 2020-04-08 | 2020-10-16 | 合肥丰吉科技有限公司 | Multi-curvature automobile bent plate stamping processing die and method |
JP7475213B2 (en) | 2020-06-23 | 2024-04-26 | 日鉄ステンレス株式会社 | Metal sheet press forming method |
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