JP2004074038A - Recovering method of boron - Google Patents

Recovering method of boron Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004074038A
JP2004074038A JP2002239129A JP2002239129A JP2004074038A JP 2004074038 A JP2004074038 A JP 2004074038A JP 2002239129 A JP2002239129 A JP 2002239129A JP 2002239129 A JP2002239129 A JP 2002239129A JP 2004074038 A JP2004074038 A JP 2004074038A
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Prior art keywords
boron
solution
crystals
adsorbent
water
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JP4297663B2 (en
Inventor
Manabu Shindo
進藤 学
Kazuhiro Ikoma
生駒 万洋
Hiroyuki Asada
朝田 裕之
Yoshihiro Eto
恵藤 良弘
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Tohoku Electric Power Co Inc
Kurita Water Industries Ltd
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Tohoku Electric Power Co Inc
Kurita Water Industries Ltd
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a recovering method of boron by which boron can be recovered as borax or orthoboric acid having a high utility value from boron-containing water. <P>SOLUTION: In the recovering method of boron, the boron-containing water is brought into contact with a boron adsorbent to remove boron by adsorption and the adsorbent adsorbing boron is brought into contact with an alkali aqueous solution to desorb boron, boron-containing desorption liquid is concentrated by evaporation, crystals deposited from the concentrated liquid by evaporation are separated, separated crystals are dissolved again in water and then boron compound is deposited by adjusting pH. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、ホウ素の回収方法に関する。さらに詳しくは、本発明は、ホウ素含有水から、利用価値の高いホウ砂又はオルトホウ酸としてホウ素を回収することができるホウ素の回収方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
ホウ素化合物は、医薬品、化粧品、石けん、電気メッキなどの種々の用途に使用され、これらの製造工程などから発生する排水にはホウ素が含まれている。また、ごみ焼却場の洗煙排水等にもホウ素が含まれている場合がある。このようなホウ素含有水からホウ素を除去し、有価物として回収するための処理方法が開発されている。
例えば、特開昭59−132986号公報には、低濃度のホウ酸水溶液中より、選択性よく高い効率でホウ酸イオンを分離する方法として、希土類元素の水酸化物にホウ酸イオンを吸着させて分離する方法が提案されおり、希土類元素の水酸化物を担持した造粒体にホウ素を吸着させ、アルカリ水溶液を用いてホウ素を脱着するホウ素含有水の処理方法が知られている。特開昭62−121689号公報には、ホウ素含有水をアニオン交換樹脂で処理する方法において、イオン交換樹脂の再生廃液からホウ素を抽出し、再生廃液を排出することなく再利用する方法が提案されている。また、特開2001−104807号公報には、ホウ素含有水から効率的に高純度のホウ素を分離、回収する方法として、ホウ素を吸着したホウ素選択性樹脂から、鉱酸溶液を用いてホウ素を脱離して得た脱離液を、OH形弱塩基性陰イオン交換樹脂に通液してホウ素溶液と鉱酸溶液に分画する方法が提案されている。
しかし、これらの方法は、いずれも複雑な処理工程が必要であり、設備投資においても、運転管理においても、経済的負担が大きかった。本発明者らは、先にホウ素含有水を希土類元素の含水酸化物を担持した造粒体と接触させてホウ素を吸着除去し、ホウ素を吸着した該造粒体からアルカリ水溶液を用いてホウ素を脱着し、脱着液を蒸発濃縮してホウ酸のアルカリ金属塩を晶析分離することにより、少量の薬品を用いてホウ素含有水を経済的に処理し、ホウ素を有価物として回収し得るこしを見いだした。しかし、この方法により回収されるホウ素は、メタホウ酸ナトリウム(NaBO)である。メタホウ酸ナトリウムの用途は、防錆剤、不凍液原料、複写液原料などであるが、その需要量は比較的少ない。一方、同じ元素構成からなるホウ砂(四ホウ酸ナトリウム、Na・10HO)やオルトホウ酸(HBO)はガラス原料として使用されており、市場規模と使用量が大きい。このために、ホウ素含有水からホウ素をホウ砂又はオルトホウ酸として回収することができるホウ素の回収方法が求められていた。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、ホウ素含有水から、利用価値の高いホウ砂又はオルトホウ酸としてホウ素を回収することができるホウ素の回収方法を提供することを目的としてなされたものである。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、上記の課題を解決すべく鋭意研究を重ねた結果、ホウ素含有水から回収されたメタホウ酸ナトリウムを水に再溶解し、酸を加えてpHを調整することにより、ホウ素をホウ砂又はオルトホウ酸として析出させ得ることを見いだし、この知見に基づいて本発明を完成するに至った。
すなわち、本発明は、
(1)ホウ素含有水をホウ素吸着体と接触させてホウ素を吸着除去し、ホウ素を吸着した吸着体をアルカリ水溶液と接触させてホウ素を脱着し、ホウ素を含有する脱着液を蒸発濃縮し、蒸発濃縮液から析出する結晶を分離し、該結晶を水に再溶解し、pHを調整してホウ素化合物を析出させることを特徴とするホウ素含有水からのホウ素の回収方法、
(2)pHを6.5〜12に調整する第1項記載のホウ素の回収方法、及び、
(3)pHを5以下に調整する第1項記載のホウ素の回収方法、
を提供するものである。
【0005】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明のホウ素の回収方法においては、ホウ素含有水をホウ素吸着体と接触させてホウ素を吸着除去し、ホウ素を吸着した吸着体をアルカリ水溶液と接触させてホウ素を脱着し、ホウ素を含有する脱着液を蒸発濃縮し、蒸発濃縮液から析出した結晶を分離し、該結晶を水に再溶解し、pHを調整してホウ素化合物を析出させる。
本発明方法を適用するホウ素含有水に特に制限はなく、例えば、医薬品、化粧品、石けん、電気メッキなどの工程排水、ごみ焼却場の洗煙排水などを挙げることができる。これらの排水には、ホウ素がホウ酸又はホウ酸塩として含まれ、そのホウ素濃度は、数十ないし数百mg/Lである場合が多い。
本発明方法に用いるホウ素吸着体に特に制限はなく、例えば、アニオン交換樹脂、希土類元素の含水酸化物を担持した造粒体、N−メチルグルカミン基を有するイオン交換樹脂などを挙げることができる。これらの中で、希土類元素の含水酸化物を担持した造粒体を好適に用いることができる。希土類元素の含水酸化物を担持した造粒体の製造方法に特に制限はなく、例えば、希土類元素の塩の水溶液を担体に付着させ、アルカリ水溶液で処理し、担体上に不溶性の希土類元素の含水酸化物を沈着させることにより、製造することができる。希土類元素の含水酸化物としては、スカンジウム、イットリウム、ランタン、セリウム、プラセオジム、ネオジム、プロメチウム、サマリウム、ユウロピウム、ガドリニウム、テルビウム、ジスプロシウム、ホルミウム、エルビウム、ツリウム、イッテルビウム、ルテチウムの水酸化物を挙げることができる。これらの中で、セリウムの含水酸化物を特に好適に用いることができる。希土類元素の含水酸化物を担持する担体に特に制限はなく、例えば、マグネシア、アルミナ、チタニア、シリカ、シリカ−アルミナ、ジルコニア、ゼオライト、活性炭、ケイソウ土、コージェライトなどの多孔質の無機系担体、ポリアミド、セルロース系樹脂、ポリスルホン、ポリアクリロニトリル、ポリ塩化ビニル、エチレン−ビニルアルコール共重合体などの多孔質の有機系担体を挙げることができる。
【0006】
本発明方法において、ホウ素含有水をホウ素吸着体と接触させる方法に特に制限はなく、例えば、ホウ素吸着体を充填した充填塔にホウ素含有水を通水して接触させることができる。ホウ素吸着体を充填した充填塔の数に特に制限はなく、例えば、充填塔1基のみを使用することができ、あるいは、複数基の充填塔を直列につなぎ、最初の塔が飽和したとき、最初の塔を系列からはずし、再生済みの塔を最終段に付け加えるいわゆるメリーゴーラウンド方式とすることもできる。充填塔1基のみを使用する場合は、塔から流出する処理水のホウ素濃度が所定の排水基準に達したときに、脱着工程に移行する。メリーゴーラウンド方式の場合は、最初の塔の流出水のホウ素濃度が入口濃度に等しくなったとき、最初の塔を充填塔列から外して、脱着工程に移行する。
本発明方法において、ホウ素含有水は、pHを3〜12に調整してホウ素吸着体と接触させることが好ましく、pHを4〜10に調整してホウ素吸着体と接触させることがより好ましい。ホウ素含有水のpHが3未満であっても、pHが12を超えても、ともに吸着量が低下するおそれがある。
本発明方法において、ホウ素の脱着に用いるアルカリ水溶液に特に制限はなく、例えば、水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウムなどの水溶液を挙げることができる。これらの中で、水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を好適に用いることができる。アルカリ水溶液の濃度に特に制限はないが、0.1〜2モル/Lであることが好ましく、0.3〜1モル/Lであることがより好ましい。アルカリ水溶液の濃度が0.1モル/L未満であると、必要なアルカリ水溶液の量が過大になるとともに、ホウ素が十分に脱着しないおそれがある。アルカリ水溶液の濃度が2モル/Lを超えても、吸着効率が向上せず、ホウ素吸着体が劣化するおそれがある。
【0007】
本発明方法において、ホウ素を吸着した吸着体と接触させるアルカリ水溶液の量に特に制限はないが、ホウ素吸着体の1〜5容量倍であることが好ましく、ホウ素吸着体の2〜4容量倍であることがより好ましい。アルカリ水溶液の量がホウ素吸着体の1容量倍未満であると、ホウ素の脱着が不十分になるおそれがある。ホウ素吸着体に吸着されたホウ素は、ホウ素吸着体の5容量倍以下のアルカリ水溶液で脱着され、通常はホウ素吸着体の5容量倍を超えるアルカリ水溶液を使用する必要はない。本発明方法によれば、通常はホウ素1〜6g/Lを含有する脱着液を得ることができる。
本発明方法において、ホウ素を含有する脱着液を蒸発濃縮する方法に特に制限はなく、例えば、常圧、減圧のいずれの条件でも蒸発濃縮することができる。常圧で脱着液を蒸発濃縮していくと、液中に溶解しているホウ酸のアルカリ金属塩や、脱着に用いたアルカリによる沸点上昇のために、液温は110〜130℃に達する。濃縮倍数に特に制限はないが、後段の晶析工程においてホウ酸のアルカリ金属塩が析出し、アルカリが析出しない範囲を適宜選定することができる。蒸発濃縮方法に特に制限はなく、例えば、単一缶、蒸気圧縮法、多重効用法、多段フラッシュ蒸発法などを挙げることができる。蒸発濃縮方法は、脱着液の量などを考慮して適宜選択することができる。
蒸発濃縮の程度に特に制限はないが、蒸発濃縮液中のホウ素濃度が30〜100g/Lであることが好ましく、40〜70g/Lであることがより好ましい。蒸発濃縮液中のホウ素濃度が30g/L未満であると、取り扱う液量が多く、析出する結晶が少なく、生産性が低下するおそれがある。蒸発濃縮液中のホウ素濃度が100g/Lを超えると、晶析装置以外の箇所で結晶が析出して、作業性が低下するおそれがある。蒸発濃縮液を冷却することにより、結晶が析出する。本発明方法において、水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を用いてホウ素を脱着したとき、蒸発濃縮液から析出する結晶は、主としてメタホウ酸ナトリウム(NaBO)である。
【0008】
本発明方法においては、蒸発濃縮液から析出した主としてメタホウ酸塩からなる結晶を水に再溶解する。結晶を再溶解する方法に特に制限はないが、撹拌機を有する溶解槽に結晶を供給し、結晶の全量が溶解するに必要な量の水を加えて常温で撹拌し、常温の水に飽和状態になるまで溶解することが好ましい。結晶を飽和状態になるまで溶解した溶液は、温度20〜30℃において通常はpHが13以上であり、ホウ素を20〜40g/L溶解している。この溶液に、酸を添加してpHを調整することにより、ホウ素化合物を析出させる。
図1は、pHとホウ素の溶解度の関係を示すグラフである。図1に示すように、pH6.5〜12の領域とpH5以下の領域において、ホウ素の溶解度が小さいので、蒸発濃縮液から析出した結晶を溶解した溶液のpHをこのいずれかの領域に調整することにより、ホウ素化合物を析出させ、回収することができる。結晶の溶解と同時に酸を添加してpH調整することができ、あるいは、結晶を溶解したのちに酸を添加してpH調整することもできる。
調整するpHの値は、6.5〜12又は5以下であることが好ましく、8〜10又は3〜4.5であることがより好ましい。析出するホウ素化合物は、pH6.5〜12の領域においてはホウ砂(四ホウ酸ナトリウム、Na・10HO)であり、pH5以下の領域においてはオルトホウ酸(HBO)である。したがって、ホウ砂又はオルトホウ酸の需要に応じて、いずれのホウ素化合物を析出させるかを選択することができる。一般的に言えば、pH6.5〜12の領域の方が、pH調整に必要な酸の量が少なく、かつホウ素の溶解度が小さく、ホウ素の回収量を大きくすることができるので有利である。
本発明において、メタホウ酸塩を溶解した溶液のpHの調整に用いる酸に特に制限はなく、例えば、塩酸、硫酸、硝酸などの鉱酸や、炭酸ガスなどを挙げることができる。これらの中で、塩酸は、pH調整の際に発生する塩化ナトリウムの40℃以下における溶解度が、硫酸ナトリウムの40℃以下における溶解度よりも大きく、ホウ素化合物の不純物となりにくいので、好適に用いることができる。
本発明において、メタホウ酸ナトリウム溶液のpH調整により析出したホウ砂又はオルトホウ酸は、冷水で洗浄して純度を高めることができ、必要に応じて、熱水に溶解したのち冷却して再結晶することにより、さらに純度を高め、各種産業分野で有効に利用することができる。
【0009】
【実施例】
以下に、実施例を挙げて本発明をさらに詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれらの実施例によりなんら限定されるものではない。
実施例1
0.5モル/L水酸化ナトリウム水溶液5Lにホウ酸85.8gを溶解し、ホウ素濃度3.0g/Lの試験水を調製した。
この試験水を15倍に濃縮し、濃縮液20mLに35重量%塩酸を加えてpHを1.0に調整し、25℃において析出した結晶をろ別して、ろ液のホウ素濃度を測定したところ、12.3g/Lであった。
調整するpHの値を、5.3、5.9、7.0、7.5、8.8、9.8、11.0、11.7、12.1、13.0、13.5又は14.0にして、同様にしてろ液のホウ素濃度を測定した。
実施例1の結果を、第1表に示す。
【0010】
【表1】

Figure 2004074038
【0011】
第1表に見られるように、pH5以下又はpH6.5〜12の領域において、ろ液のホウ素濃度すなわちホウ素の溶解度が小さく、このpH領域でホウ素を回収することにより、ホウ素の回収率を高め得ることが分かる。
実施例2
硫酸イオン1,000mg/L、塩化物イオン1,000mg/L、カルシウムイオン300mg/L、ナトリウムイオン400mg/L、マグネシウムイオン200mg/Lを含有する合成水に、ホウ酸を添加してホウ素濃度200mg/Lの試験水を調製した。この試験水60Lに、水酸化ナトリウム水溶液を加えてpHを7に調整し、セリウムの含水酸化物を多孔質担体に担持させた造粒体1Lを充填したガラスカラムに、流速3L/hで下向で流通水した。この造粒体を、0.5モル/L水酸化ナトリウム水溶液3Lを用いて脱着し、ホウ素濃度2,500mg/Lの脱着液を得た。この脱着液3Lを、20倍に蒸発濃縮した。
得られた蒸発濃縮液150mLをガラスビーカーに取り、30℃まで冷却し、1時間撹拌したのち、ろ過した。その結果、乾燥重量として41gの結晶が得られた。なお、ろ液はホウ素濃度22g/Lであった。結晶は、メタホウ酸ナトリウムであった。
ろ過により含水率が20重量%となったこの結晶を、結晶溶解度が飽和になるように水に溶解した。得られた溶液のホウ素濃度は32.4g/Lであり、pHは13.95であった。
この溶液20mLをガラスビーカーに取り、35重量%塩酸を添加してpHを1.1に調整した。35重量%塩酸の添加量は、3.00gであった。析出した結晶をろ別して乾燥すると、オルトホウ酸2.78gが得られた。
調整するpHの値を、2.8、4.8、5.6又は6.2にして、同様な操作を繰り返した。析出した結晶は、すべてオルトホウ酸であった。
上記の溶液20mLをガラスビーカーに取り、35重量%塩酸を添加してpHを6.5に調整した。35重量%塩酸の添加量は、2.20gであった。析出した結晶をろ別して乾燥すると、ホウ砂2.46g/Lが得られた。
調整するpHの値を、8.0、9.35、10.9、11.7又は12.0にして、同様な操作を繰り返した。析出した結晶は、すべてホウ砂であった。
実施例2の結果を、まとめて第2表に示す。
【0012】
【表2】
Figure 2004074038
【0013】
第2表に見られるように、pH6.2以下ではホウ素はオルトホウ酸として回収され、pH6.5以上ではホウ素はホウ砂として回収される。また、pHが5以下の場合と、pH6.5〜12の場合に、ホウ素の回収率が高い。
【0014】
【発明の効果】
本発明のホウ素の回収方法によれば、ホウ素含有水を処理し、ホウ素を需要量の多いホウ砂又はオルトホウ酸として回収することができ、かつ、需要に応じて、ホウ砂又はオルトホウ酸のいずれかを選択して製造することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】図1は、pHとホウ素の溶解度の関係を示すグラフである。[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for recovering boron. More specifically, the present invention relates to a boron recovery method capable of recovering boron from boron-containing water as borax or orthoboric acid having high utility value.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Boron compounds are used in various applications such as pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, soaps, electroplating, and the like, and wastewater generated from these manufacturing processes contains boron. In addition, there are cases where boron is contained in the wastewater from smoke incineration plants. A treatment method for removing boron from such boron-containing water and recovering it as a valuable resource has been developed.
For example, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication (Kokai) No. 59-132886 discloses a method for separating borate ions from a low concentration boric acid aqueous solution with high selectivity and high efficiency by adsorbing borate ions to hydroxides of rare earth elements. There has been proposed a method for treating boron-containing water in which boron is adsorbed on granules supporting a rare earth element hydroxide and desorbed using an aqueous alkaline solution. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 62-121689 proposes a method of treating boron-containing water with an anion exchange resin, in which boron is extracted from a waste liquor of the ion exchange resin and reused without discharging the waste liquor. ing. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-104807 discloses a method for efficiently separating and recovering high-purity boron from boron-containing water by removing boron using a mineral acid solution from a boron-selective resin to which boron has been adsorbed. A method has been proposed in which the desorbed solution obtained by separation is passed through an OH-type weakly basic anion exchange resin to fractionate the solution into a boron solution and a mineral acid solution.
However, each of these methods requires complicated processing steps, and has a large economic burden in both capital investment and operation management. The present inventors previously contacted the boron-containing water with a granule supporting a hydrated oxide of a rare earth element to adsorb and remove boron, and removed boron from the granule having adsorbed boron using an aqueous alkaline solution. By desorbing and evaporating and concentrating the desorbed solution to crystallize and separate out the alkali metal salt of boric acid, it is possible to economically treat the boron-containing water with a small amount of chemicals and recover boron as a valuable material. I found it. However, the boron recovered by this method is sodium metaborate (NaBO 2 ). Sodium metaborate is used for rust inhibitors, antifreeze raw materials, copy liquor raw materials, etc., but the demand is relatively small. On the other hand, borax (sodium tetraborate, Na 2 B 4 O 7 · 10H 2 O) and orthoboric acid (H 3 BO 3 ) having the same elemental composition are used as glass raw materials, and the market scale and the amount of use are high. large. For this reason, there has been a demand for a boron recovery method capable of recovering boron as borax or orthoboric acid from boron-containing water.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to provide a method for recovering boron from which boron can be recovered as high-value borax or orthoboric acid from boron-containing water.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present inventors have conducted intensive studies to solve the above problems, and as a result, redissolved sodium metaborate recovered from boron-containing water in water, and added acid to adjust the pH, thereby reducing boron. They have found that they can be precipitated as borax or orthoboric acid, and have completed the present invention based on this finding.
That is, the present invention
(1) Boron-containing water is brought into contact with a boron adsorbent to adsorb and remove boron, and the adsorbent that has adsorbed boron is brought into contact with an aqueous alkali solution to desorb boron, and the desorbing liquid containing boron is evaporated and concentrated. A method for recovering boron from boron-containing water, comprising separating crystals precipitated from the concentrated liquid, re-dissolving the crystals in water, and adjusting the pH to precipitate a boron compound.
(2) The method for recovering boron according to item 1, wherein the pH is adjusted to 6.5 to 12, and
(3) The method for recovering boron according to item 1, wherein the pH is adjusted to 5 or less;
Is provided.
[0005]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
In the method for recovering boron of the present invention, the boron-containing water is brought into contact with a boron adsorbent to adsorb and remove boron, and the adsorbent that has adsorbed boron is brought into contact with an aqueous alkali solution to desorb boron, and the desorption containing boron is performed. The liquid is evaporated and concentrated, and crystals precipitated from the concentrated liquid are separated, and the crystals are redissolved in water, and the pH is adjusted to precipitate a boron compound.
There is no particular limitation on the boron-containing water to which the method of the present invention is applied, and examples thereof include process drainage for pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, soap, electroplating, etc., and smoke wash drainage from a garbage incineration plant. These wastewaters contain boron as boric acid or borate, and the boron concentration is often tens to hundreds mg / L.
The boron adsorbent used in the method of the present invention is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include an anion exchange resin, a granule supporting a hydrated oxide of a rare earth element, and an ion exchange resin having an N-methylglucamine group. . Among these, granules supporting a hydrated oxide of a rare earth element can be suitably used. There is no particular limitation on the method for producing granules supporting a hydrated oxide of a rare earth element.For example, an aqueous solution of a salt of a rare earth element is attached to a carrier, treated with an alkaline aqueous solution, and hydrated of an insoluble rare earth element on the carrier. It can be produced by depositing an oxide. Examples of the hydrated oxides of rare earth elements include hydroxides of scandium, yttrium, lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, promethium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium, and lutetium. it can. Among these, a hydrated oxide of cerium can be particularly preferably used. There is no particular limitation on the carrier supporting the hydrated oxide of the rare earth element.For example, magnesia, alumina, titania, silica, silica-alumina, zirconia, zeolite, activated carbon, diatomaceous earth, porous inorganic carriers such as cordierite, Examples thereof include porous organic carriers such as polyamide, cellulose resin, polysulfone, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl chloride, and ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer.
[0006]
In the method of the present invention, the method for bringing the boron-containing water into contact with the boron adsorbent is not particularly limited. For example, the boron-containing water can be passed through a packed tower filled with the boron adsorbent to make contact therewith. There is no particular limitation on the number of packed towers filled with the boron adsorbent.For example, only one packed tower can be used, or a plurality of packed towers are connected in series, and when the first tower is saturated, The so-called merry-go-round method can be used in which the first tower is removed from the series and a regenerated tower is added to the last stage. When only one packed tower is used, the process shifts to the desorption step when the boron concentration of the treated water flowing out of the tower reaches a predetermined drainage standard. In the case of the merry-go-round method, when the boron concentration of the effluent of the first column becomes equal to the inlet concentration, the first column is removed from the packed column and the process proceeds to the desorption step.
In the method of the present invention, the pH of the boron-containing water is preferably adjusted to 3 to 12 and brought into contact with the boron adsorbent, and more preferably adjusted to 4 to 10 and brought into contact with the boron adsorbent. Even if the pH of the boron-containing water is less than 3 or exceeds 12, the amount of adsorption may decrease.
In the method of the present invention, the aqueous alkali solution used for desorption of boron is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include aqueous solutions of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide and the like. Among these, an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution can be suitably used. The concentration of the aqueous alkali solution is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.1 to 2 mol / L, more preferably 0.3 to 1 mol / L. If the concentration of the aqueous alkali solution is less than 0.1 mol / L, the required amount of the aqueous alkali solution becomes excessive and the boron may not be sufficiently desorbed. Even when the concentration of the aqueous alkali solution exceeds 2 mol / L, the adsorption efficiency is not improved, and the boron adsorbent may be deteriorated.
[0007]
In the method of the present invention, the amount of the alkaline aqueous solution to be brought into contact with the adsorbent having adsorbed boron is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 to 5 times by volume of the boron adsorbent, and 2 to 4 times by volume of the boron adsorbent. More preferably, there is. If the amount of the aqueous alkali solution is less than one volume of the boron adsorbent, the desorption of boron may be insufficient. The boron adsorbed on the boron adsorbent is desorbed with an alkaline aqueous solution whose volume is 5 times or less the boron adsorbent, and it is usually unnecessary to use an alkaline aqueous solution whose volume exceeds 5 times the boron adsorbent. According to the method of the present invention, a desorption solution containing usually 1 to 6 g / L of boron can be obtained.
In the method of the present invention, there is no particular limitation on the method of evaporating and concentrating the desorption solution containing boron. For example, the desorption solution can be evaporated and concentrated under any conditions of normal pressure and reduced pressure. When the desorption solution is evaporated and concentrated at normal pressure, the temperature of the solution reaches 110 to 130 ° C. due to an increase in the boiling point due to the alkali metal salt of boric acid dissolved in the solution and the alkali used for the desorption. The concentration multiple is not particularly limited, but a range in which the alkali metal salt of boric acid is precipitated in the subsequent crystallization step and the alkali is not precipitated can be appropriately selected. There is no particular limitation on the evaporation and concentration method, and examples thereof include a single can, a vapor compression method, a multiple effect method, and a multi-stage flash evaporation method. The evaporative concentration method can be appropriately selected in consideration of the amount of the desorbed liquid and the like.
The degree of evaporation and concentration is not particularly limited, but the concentration of boron in the evaporation concentrated liquid is preferably 30 to 100 g / L, and more preferably 40 to 70 g / L. If the boron concentration in the evaporation concentrate is less than 30 g / L, the amount of the liquid to be handled is large, the amount of precipitated crystals is small, and the productivity may be reduced. If the concentration of boron in the evaporative concentrate exceeds 100 g / L, crystals may be deposited at locations other than the crystallizer, and workability may be reduced. Crystals are precipitated by cooling the evaporative concentrate. In the method of the present invention, when boron is desorbed using an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide, crystals precipitated from the evaporative concentrate are mainly sodium metaborate (NaBO 2 ).
[0008]
In the method of the present invention, crystals mainly composed of metaborate precipitated from the evaporation concentrate are redissolved in water. There is no particular limitation on the method of re-dissolving the crystals, but the crystals are supplied to a dissolving tank having a stirrer, and the amount of water necessary for dissolving the entire amount of the crystals is added, and the mixture is stirred at room temperature and saturated with water at room temperature. It is preferable to dissolve until a state is reached. The solution in which the crystals are dissolved until they become saturated usually has a pH of 13 or more at a temperature of 20 to 30 ° C., and dissolves 20 to 40 g / L of boron. The boron compound is precipitated by adding an acid to the solution to adjust the pH.
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the relationship between the pH and the solubility of boron. As shown in FIG. 1, since the solubility of boron is low in the pH range of 6.5 to 12 and in the pH range of 5 or less, the pH of the solution in which the crystals precipitated from the evaporation concentrate are dissolved is adjusted to one of these ranges. Thereby, the boron compound can be precipitated and recovered. The pH can be adjusted by adding an acid simultaneously with the dissolution of the crystals, or the pH can be adjusted by adding an acid after dissolving the crystals.
The pH value to be adjusted is preferably 6.5 to 12 or 5 or less, more preferably 8 to 10 or 3 to 4.5. The precipitated boron compound is borax (sodium tetraborate, Na 2 B 4 O 7 · 10H 2 O) in the pH range of 6.5 to 12, and orthoboric acid (H 3 BO 3 ) in the pH range of 5 or less. ). Therefore, it is possible to select which boron compound to deposit according to the demand for borax or orthoboric acid. Generally speaking, the pH range of 6.5 to 12 is advantageous because the amount of acid necessary for pH adjustment is small, the solubility of boron is small, and the recovery amount of boron can be increased.
In the present invention, the acid used for adjusting the pH of the solution in which the metaborate is dissolved is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include mineral acids such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, and nitric acid, and carbon dioxide. Among them, hydrochloric acid is preferably used because the solubility of sodium chloride generated at the time of pH adjustment at 40 ° C. or lower is larger than the solubility of sodium sulfate at 40 ° C. or lower and hardly becomes an impurity of the boron compound. it can.
In the present invention, the borax or orthoboric acid precipitated by adjusting the pH of the sodium metaborate solution can be washed with cold water to increase the purity, and if necessary, dissolved in hot water, cooled and then recrystallized. As a result, the purity can be further increased, and it can be effectively used in various industrial fields.
[0009]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
Example 1
85.8 g of boric acid was dissolved in 5 L of a 0.5 mol / L aqueous sodium hydroxide solution to prepare test water having a boron concentration of 3.0 g / L.
The test water was concentrated 15-fold, the pH was adjusted to 1.0 by adding 35% by weight hydrochloric acid to 20 mL of the concentrated solution, and the precipitated crystals were filtered off at 25 ° C., and the boron concentration of the filtrate was measured. It was 12.3 g / L.
The pH value to be adjusted is 5.3, 5.9, 7.0, 7.5, 8.8, 9.8, 11.0, 11.7, 12.1, 13.0, 13.5. Or it was set to 14.0 and the boron concentration of the filtrate was measured similarly.
Table 1 shows the results of Example 1.
[0010]
[Table 1]
Figure 2004074038
[0011]
As can be seen from Table 1, the boron concentration of the filtrate, that is, the solubility of boron is small in the pH range of 5 or less or in the pH range of 6.5 to 12, and the recovery rate of boron is increased by recovering boron in this pH range. It turns out that it gets.
Example 2
Boric acid is added to synthetic water containing 1,000 mg / L of sulfate ion, 1,000 mg / L of chloride ion, 300 mg / L of calcium ion, 400 mg / L of sodium ion and 200 mg / L of magnesium ion to add boron concentration of 200 mg. / L of test water was prepared. To 60 L of this test water, an aqueous sodium hydroxide solution was added to adjust the pH to 7, and a glass column filled with 1 L of granules in which a hydrated oxide of cerium was supported on a porous carrier was dropped at a flow rate of 3 L / h. It circulated in the direction. The granules were desorbed using 3 L of a 0.5 mol / L aqueous sodium hydroxide solution to obtain a desorption solution having a boron concentration of 2,500 mg / L. 3 L of the desorbed liquid was evaporated and concentrated 20 times.
150 mL of the obtained evaporative concentrate was taken into a glass beaker, cooled to 30 ° C., stirred for 1 hour, and then filtered. As a result, 41 g of crystals were obtained as a dry weight. The filtrate had a boron concentration of 22 g / L. The crystals were sodium metaborate.
The crystals having a water content of 20% by weight by filtration were dissolved in water so that the crystal solubility became saturated. The obtained solution had a boron concentration of 32.4 g / L and a pH of 13.95.
20 mL of this solution was placed in a glass beaker, and the pH was adjusted to 1.1 by adding 35% by weight hydrochloric acid. The addition amount of 35% by weight hydrochloric acid was 3.00 g. The precipitated crystals were collected by filtration and dried to obtain 2.78 g of orthoboric acid.
The same operation was repeated with the pH value to be adjusted being 2.8, 4.8, 5.6, or 6.2. All the precipitated crystals were orthoboric acid.
20 mL of the above solution was placed in a glass beaker, and the pH was adjusted to 6.5 by adding 35% by weight hydrochloric acid. The addition amount of 35% by weight hydrochloric acid was 2.20 g. The precipitated crystals were collected by filtration and dried to obtain 2.46 g / L of borax.
The same operation was repeated with the pH value to be adjusted being 8.0, 9.35, 10.9, 11.7 or 12.0. The precipitated crystals were all borax.
Table 2 summarizes the results of Example 2.
[0012]
[Table 2]
Figure 2004074038
[0013]
As can be seen in Table 2, below pH 6.2, boron is recovered as orthoboric acid, and above pH 6.5, boron is recovered as borax. In addition, when the pH is 5 or less and when the pH is 6.5 to 12, the recovery rate of boron is high.
[0014]
【The invention's effect】
According to the method for recovering boron of the present invention, boron-containing water can be treated, and boron can be recovered as borax or orthoboric acid having a high demand, and depending on the demand, either borax or orthoboric acid can be recovered. Can be selected and manufactured.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the relationship between the pH and the solubility of boron.

Claims (3)

ホウ素含有水をホウ素吸着体と接触させてホウ素を吸着除去し、ホウ素を吸着した吸着体をアルカリ水溶液と接触させてホウ素を脱着し、ホウ素を含有する脱着液を蒸発濃縮し、蒸発濃縮液から析出する結晶を分離し、該結晶を水に再溶解し、pHを調整してホウ素化合物を析出させることを特徴とするホウ素含有水からのホウ素の回収方法。The boron-containing water is brought into contact with the boron adsorbent to adsorb and remove boron, the boron-adsorbed adsorbent is brought into contact with an alkaline aqueous solution to desorb boron, the boron-containing desorbed solution is evaporated and concentrated, and A method for recovering boron from boron-containing water, comprising separating a precipitated crystal, re-dissolving the crystal in water, and adjusting the pH to precipitate a boron compound. pHを6.5〜12に調整する請求項1記載のホウ素の回収方法。The method for recovering boron according to claim 1, wherein the pH is adjusted to 6.5 to 12. pHを5以下に調整する請求項1記載のホウ素の回収方法。The method for recovering boron according to claim 1, wherein the pH is adjusted to 5 or less.
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JP2006231325A (en) * 2005-01-28 2006-09-07 Nippo Kagaku Kk Treatment method of waste water
JP4674168B2 (en) * 2005-01-28 2011-04-20 日宝化学株式会社 Wastewater treatment method
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JP2014213233A (en) * 2013-04-23 2014-11-17 株式会社化研 Purification method and purifier of radioactive contaminated water or industrial waste water, and volume reduction method
JP2016056434A (en) * 2014-09-12 2016-04-21 住友金属鉱山株式会社 Separation method of nickel from nickel sludge
CN114682244A (en) * 2022-06-01 2022-07-01 浙江晟格生物科技有限公司 Recovery method of lactose isomerization composite catalyst
CN114682244B (en) * 2022-06-01 2022-08-23 浙江晟格生物科技有限公司 Recovery method of lactose isomerization composite catalyst
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