JP2002011455A - Method and device for cleaning contaminated soil - Google Patents
Method and device for cleaning contaminated soilInfo
- Publication number
- JP2002011455A JP2002011455A JP2000195256A JP2000195256A JP2002011455A JP 2002011455 A JP2002011455 A JP 2002011455A JP 2000195256 A JP2000195256 A JP 2000195256A JP 2000195256 A JP2000195256 A JP 2000195256A JP 2002011455 A JP2002011455 A JP 2002011455A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- contaminated soil
- water
- injected
- layer
- cleaning
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 95
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 103
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 44
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000388 Polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940043430 calcium compound Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001674 calcium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002506 iron compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002681 magnesium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001205 polyphosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011176 polyphosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003112 potassium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 abstract 3
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 22
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 22
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 9
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 8
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102100032566 Carbonic anhydrase-related protein 10 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101000867836 Homo sapiens Carbonic anhydrase-related protein 10 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 alicyclic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013877 carbamide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008282 halocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010721 machine oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012569 microbial contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002826 nitrites Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005575 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000011403 purification operation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【0001】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は汚染土壌の浄化方法
及び装置に関し、とくに好気性微生物により分解可能な
油などの物質に汚染された土壌を原位置に在るままで浄
化する方法及び装置に関する。The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for purifying contaminated soil, and more particularly to a method and an apparatus for purifying soil contaminated with a substance such as oil decomposable by aerobic microorganisms while remaining in situ. .
【0002】[0002]
【従来の技術】欧米では1980年代から油などに汚染され
た土壌を好気性微生物により生物処理する技術が開発・
実施されている。この技術は汚染土壌に適度な湿分を保
持させながら微生物の活性化に必要な窒素源・リン源な
どの栄養物質を添加し、酸素源として空気を供給するこ
とにより汚染物質を分解するものである。[Prior art] In the United States and Europe, a technology for biologically treating soil contaminated with oil or the like with aerobic microorganisms has been developed since the 1980s.
It has been implemented. This technology decomposes pollutants by adding nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus sources necessary for microbial activation while maintaining appropriate moisture in the contaminated soil and supplying air as an oxygen source. is there.
【0003】汚染物質の分解に微生物を利用する従来の
技術では、汚染土壌を掘削し、地上で浄化するのが一般
的であり、その一例は次のようなものである。 (1)汚染土壌を掘削し、地上で高さ1〜2mの層状に
積み上げる。 (2)栄養物質の供給は、広げた汚染土壌に、窒素源や
リン源その他の栄養物質をバックホウなどの重機で混合
するか、又は栄養物質を水溶液にして散水して行う。 (3)空気の供給は、重機で定期的に土を切り返すか、
又は底部に通気パイプを設置して行う。 (4)湿分の保持は、定期的な散水によって行う。[0003] In the conventional technology using microorganisms for decomposing pollutants, it is common to excavate contaminated soil and purify it on the ground. One example is as follows. (1) Contaminated soil is excavated and piled up on the ground in a layer with a height of 1 to 2 m. (2) The supply of nutrients is performed by mixing a nitrogen source, a phosphorus source, and other nutrients with a heavy machine such as a backhoe, or by dispersing the nutrients into an aqueous solution and spraying the spread contaminated soil. (3) Supply the air by periodically cutting the soil with heavy equipment,
Alternatively, a ventilation pipe is installed at the bottom. (4) Moisture is maintained by regular watering.
【0004】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかし、このような従
来技術には、以下のような問題点がある。However, such a conventional technique has the following problems.
【0005】(a)汚染土壌の掘削・埋め戻しに多大な
費用を要する。(A) Excavation and backfilling of contaminated soil requires a great deal of expense.
【0006】(b)掘削した汚染土を地上で1〜2m程
度の高さの層状に積み上げて上記の浄化作業を実施する
には、広い敷地が必要である。近くに利用可能な空地ス
ペースがない場合は、土壌を適当な他の場所へ運搬しな
ければならず、更にコストがかかる。また、敷地が狭い
場合には、浄化作業を数回に分けて実施しなければなら
ず、浄化に要する期間が長くなる。(B) In order to carry out the above-mentioned purification work by stacking excavated contaminated soil in a layer having a height of about 1 to 2 m on the ground, a large site is required. If there is no available open space nearby, the soil must be transported to another suitable location, which is even more expensive. In addition, when the site is small, the purification operation must be performed in several steps, and the period required for the purification becomes longer.
【0007】(c)積み上げた土壌に窒素源やリン源な
どの薬剤をバックホウなどの重機で混合する方法では、
どうしても均一な割合での分布が実現し難く、浄化でき
ない汚染物質が残ってしまいがちになる。また、薬剤を
水溶液にして散水しても、水みちができて均一に行きわ
たらせるのは困難である。(C) In a method of mixing chemicals such as a nitrogen source and a phosphorus source into the piled soil with a heavy machine such as a backhoe,
It is difficult to achieve a uniform distribution, and contaminants that cannot be purified tend to remain. Further, even if the medicine is made into an aqueous solution and sprinkled, it is difficult to form a water path and to spread the medicine uniformly.
【0008】(d)重機で定期的に土を切り返して空気
を供給する方法では、重機に特有の機能上、土壌の積み
上げ高さに限界があり、広い敷地が必要であると共に、
空気供給が不足する部分が生じることも避け難い。底部
に通気パイプを設置することも試みられているが、この
場合にも、どうしても空気の通り易いところ(ショ−ト
パス)ができ、浄化できない部分が残ってしまう。(D) In the method of periodically turning the soil with a heavy machine and supplying air, the height of the pile of soil is limited due to the function unique to the heavy machine, and a large site is required.
It is also unavoidable that there is a part where the air supply is insufficient. Attempts have been made to install a ventilation pipe at the bottom. However, in this case, a place where air can easily pass (short path) is created, and a portion that cannot be purified remains.
【0009】(e)湿分保持のために定期的に散水する
と、底部から水が流出し、添加すべき窒素源やリン源が
洗い流されてしまったり、油を含んだ水が流出して周辺
に汚染を拡げてしまうおそれがある。(E) When water is regularly sprayed to maintain moisture, water flows out from the bottom, and nitrogen sources and phosphorus sources to be added are washed away, or oil-containing water flows out of the surroundings. May spread contamination.
【0010】これらの問題点を解決するため、汚染土壌
を原位置で微生物処理することも提案されているが、実
用性のある方法はいまだ実現されていないのが現状であ
る。そこで本発明の目的は、汚染土壌の原位置での浄化
を微生物の汚染物質分解の反復により行う方法及び装置
を提供するにある。In order to solve these problems, it has been proposed to treat contaminated soil with microorganisms in situ, but at present, no practical method has been realized yet. Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a method and an apparatus for performing in situ purification of contaminated soil by repeating the decomposition of microbial contaminants.
【0011】[0011]
【課題を解決するための手段】図1に例示すように、一
般に地盤13は、不飽和層2、帯水層3及び難透水層4を
有し、多くの汚染土壌12は、不飽和層2及び帯水層3に
油などの汚染物質5が混入して残存したものである。As shown in FIG. 1, in general, a ground 13 has an unsaturated layer 2, an aquifer 3, and a poorly permeable layer 4, and most of the contaminated soil 12 has an unsaturated layer. 2 and contaminants 5 such as oil mixed into the aquifer 3.
【0012】本発明者は、上記目的達成のため、図1の
汚染土壌12の浄化域15を地下の難透水層4から地表上の
所定高hまでの止水壁6で囲み、地表に貯水空間を設け
ることに注目した。このように取り囲めば、洗浄水16を
汚染土壌12へ多量に注入して湧出させ、地表1より上方
の止水壁6で囲まれた部分に、汚染土壌12から湧出させ
た洗浄水16を貯水して湧水層14を形成することができ
る。止水壁6の一例は矢板である。この貯水により、汚
染土壌12を原位置に置いたままその汚染土壌12に洗浄水
16を通過させることが可能になる。本発明は、この観点
にたって汚染土壌12の浄化の実験・研究を重ねた結果、
完成に至ったものである。In order to achieve the above object, the present inventor encloses the purification area 15 of the contaminated soil 12 in FIG. 1 with a water blocking wall 6 extending from an underground poorly permeable layer 4 to a predetermined height h above the ground, and storing water on the ground. We paid attention to providing space. In this case, a large amount of the washing water 16 is injected into the contaminated soil 12 to cause it to spring out, and the washing water 16 spouted from the contaminated soil 12 is poured into a portion surrounded by the water blocking wall 6 above the ground surface 1. Water can be stored to form the spring layer 14. An example of the water stop wall 6 is a sheet pile. With this water storage, the contaminated soil 12 is washed in
16 can be passed. As a result of repeated experiments and studies on purification of the contaminated soil 12 from this viewpoint,
It has been completed.
【0013】図1を参照するに、本発明の汚染土壌の浄
化方法は、汚染土壌12が在る地盤13の浄化域15を地下の
難透水層4から地表1上の所定高さhまでの止水壁6で
囲み、前記地表高さhから難透水層4に達する井戸7を
浄化域15内に設け、汚染物質分解菌の栄養物質が含まれ
る洗浄水16を井戸7により浄化域15内の汚染土壌12へ注
入し、洗浄水16を浄化域15内の汚染土壌12から地表1へ
湧出させて湧水層14を形成し、比重が洗浄水より小さい
油10などの汚染物質を湧水層14の表面から分離し、前記
汚染物質の分離後に浄化域15の洗浄水16を井戸7により
揚水すると共に浄化域15内の汚染土壌12内へ空気を吸入
し、吸入した空気と注入された栄養物質との存在下で分
解菌により汚染物質を分解し、吸入した空気又は注入さ
れた栄養物質の減少に応じ前記注入から揚水までの過程
を反復することにより浄化域15内の汚染土壌12を浄化し
てなるものである。Referring to FIG. 1, in the method for purifying contaminated soil according to the present invention, the purification area 15 of the ground 13 in which the contaminated soil 12 is located is formed from the poorly permeable underground layer 4 to a predetermined height h on the ground surface 1. A well 7 which is surrounded by a water stop wall 6 and reaches the impervious layer 4 from the surface height h is provided in the purification area 15, and washing water 16 containing nutrients of pollutant-decomposing bacteria is provided in the purification area 15 by the well 7. Into the contaminated soil 12 and the washing water 16 is discharged from the contaminated soil 12 in the purification area 15 to the ground surface 1 to form a spring layer 14, and the contaminants such as oil 10 having a specific gravity smaller than that of the washing water. Separated from the surface of the layer 14, after the separation of the contaminants, the washing water 16 in the purification area 15 was pumped through the well 7 and air was sucked into the contaminated soil 12 in the purification area 15 and injected with the sucked air. Decompose contaminants by decomposing bacteria in the presence of nutrients, and according to the reduction of inhaled air or injected nutrients, By repeating the process from injection to pumping, the contaminated soil 12 in the purification area 15 is purified.
【0014】好ましくは、洗浄水16のタンク9を浄化域
15の外に設け、そのタンク9から洗浄水16を汚染土壌12
へ注入し、汚染土壌12から洗浄水16を揚水してタンク9
へ回収する。Preferably, the tank 9 of the washing water 16 is
15 and the washing water 16 is supplied from the tank 9 to the contaminated soil 12.
And the washing water 16 is pumped from the contaminated soil 12 to the tank 9
To be collected.
【0015】本発明による汚染土壌の浄化装置は、汚染
土壌12が在る地盤13の所定浄化域15の周囲に設けた地下
の難透水層4から地表1上の所定高さhまでの止水壁
6、前記浄化域15内に設けた地表上所定高さhから難透
水層4に達する井戸7、及び汚染物質分解菌の栄養物質
が含まれる洗浄水16を井戸7により選択的に汚染土壌12
中へ注入又は汚染土壌12から揚水するポンプ8を備えて
なるものである。洗浄水16の注入時に、汚染土壌12を介
する洗浄水16の地表1への湧出により地表湧水層14を形
成すると共に比重が洗浄水より小さい汚染物質5を湧水
層14の表面から分離し、洗浄水16の揚水時に汚染土壌12
内へ空気を吸入してその空気と注入された栄養物質との
存在下で分解菌による汚染物質分解を行う。The apparatus for purifying contaminated soil according to the present invention provides a water stoppage from an underground poorly permeable layer 4 provided around a predetermined purification area 15 of the ground 13 where the contaminated soil 12 is present to a predetermined height h on the ground surface 1. The wall 6, a well 7 provided in the purification area 15 and reaching the low-permeable layer 4 from a predetermined height h above the ground surface, and washing water 16 containing nutrients of pollutant-decomposing bacteria are selectively contaminated by the well 7. 12
It is provided with a pump 8 for injecting or pumping water from contaminated soil 12. When the washing water 16 is injected, the washing water 16 springs out to the surface 1 through the contaminated soil 12 to form the surface spring layer 14 and separates the pollutants 5 having a specific gravity smaller than the washing water from the surface of the spring layer 14. Contaminated soil 12 during pumping of wash water 16
Air is sucked into the inside, and the pollutants are decomposed by decomposing bacteria in the presence of the air and the injected nutrients.
【0016】[0016]
【発明の実施の形態】再び図1の実施例を参照するに、
本発明の方法は、汚染土壌12の浄化域15を、底部の難透
水層4及び周囲の止水壁6により地表1の上方の所定高
さhまで囲む。地表面1上に水を貯めるためである。次
いで、洗浄水16をポンプ8などの送入手段により井戸7
を介し難透水層4の上方で汚染土壌12へ注入することに
より、洗浄水16を浄化域15の帯水層3及び不飽和層2に
飽和させさらに上方に湧出させ、水位17を地表1より高
い湧水層14の頂部のレベル17bまで上昇させる。汚染油
5などの水より比重が小さい汚染物質は、水中で汚染土
壌12から離れ浮き上がって上方へ移行し、レベル17b上
の浮上油10となり、例えば溢流路18を介して回収タンク
11へ流入する。こうして汚染油5などの軽い汚染物質
は、分離回収される。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Referring again to the embodiment of FIG.
The method according to the invention encloses the purification zone 15 of the contaminated soil 12 with a poorly permeable layer 4 at the bottom and a surrounding water barrier 6 to a predetermined height h above the ground surface 1. This is for storing water on the ground surface 1. Then, the washing water 16 is supplied to the well 7 by a pumping means such as a pump 8.
The washing water 16 is injected into the contaminated soil 12 above the poorly permeable layer 4 through the turbidity layer, thereby saturating the washing water 16 with the aquifer 3 and the unsaturated layer 2 in the purification zone 15 and further discharging it upward. Raise to the level 17b at the top of the high spring layer 14. Contaminants having a specific gravity lower than that of water, such as the contaminated oil 5, float away from the contaminated soil 12 in the water and move upward, and become the floating oil 10 on the level 17b, for example, a recovery tank via the overflow channel 18.
Flow into 11. Thus, light contaminants such as the contaminated oil 5 are separated and recovered.
【0017】その後、汚染土壌12からの洗浄水16の揚水
又は引き抜きを井戸7とポンプ8によって行うと、水位
17が例えば汚染土壌12の底部のレベル17aまで下がる
が、その際に空気が汚染土壌12へ進入する。土壌中の分
解菌が、こうして進入した空気中の酸素及び浄化液16が
運び込んだ栄養物質により活性化し、汚染土壌12中に残
った汚染物質の分解を始める。After that, when the washing water 16 is drawn or extracted from the contaminated soil 12 by the well 7 and the pump 8, the water level becomes higher.
17 falls, for example, to the level 17a at the bottom of the contaminated soil 12, where air enters the contaminated soil 12. The decomposing bacteria in the soil are activated by the oxygen in the air thus entered and the nutrients carried by the purifying liquid 16, and start decomposing the contaminants remaining in the contaminated soil 12.
【0018】この分解の進行に伴う汚染土壌12中の酸素
濃度又は栄養物質濃度の所定値以下への低下を検出し、
その検出に応じて前記注水過程及び揚水過程を始動させ
る。Detecting a decrease in the concentration of oxygen or nutrients in the contaminated soil 12 to a predetermined value or less as the decomposition proceeds,
The water injection process and the pumping process are started according to the detection.
【0019】このような注水過程及び揚水過程を反復す
ることにより、汚染土壌12中の汚染物質を分解菌により
分解してその濃度を低減することができる。本発明は、
例えば脂肪族炭化水素、脂環式炭化水素、芳香族炭化水
素、多環芳香族炭化水素などの石油系炭化水素化合物、
ハロゲン化炭化水素化合物その他の、好気的に生物分解
可能な汚染物質で汚染された汚染土壌12の浄化処理に広
く適用可能である。具体的には、原油、重油、軽油、灯
油、ガソリン、機械油、ベンゼン・トルエン・キシレン
等の石油由来の化学製品、植物油等で汚染された汚染土
壌12の浄化に適用できる。By repeating such a water injection process and a water pumping process, pollutants in the contaminated soil 12 can be decomposed by decomposing bacteria to reduce the concentration thereof. The present invention
For example, petroleum hydrocarbon compounds such as aliphatic hydrocarbons, alicyclic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons,
It is widely applicable to the purification treatment of contaminated soil 12 contaminated with halogenated hydrocarbon compounds and other aerobic biodegradable pollutants. Specifically, the present invention can be applied to the purification of contaminated soil 12 contaminated with crude oil, heavy oil, light oil, kerosene, gasoline, machine oil, chemical products derived from petroleum such as benzene, toluene, xylene, vegetable oil, and the like.
【0020】こうして、本発明の目的、すなわち「汚染
土壌を現位置のまま微生物利用により浄化する方法及び
装置」の提供を達成することができる。Thus, the object of the present invention, that is, the provision of "a method and an apparatus for purifying contaminated soil by using microorganisms in the present position" can be achieved.
【0021】[0021]
【実施例】例えば矢板からなる止水壁6は、地盤13にお
ける浄化域15の囲りに漏水のない周囲壁を形成すると共
に、地盤の難透水層4へ密に結合し、井戸7を介して注
入する洗浄水16を地表面1へのみ向かわせる。DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A water blocking wall 6 made of, for example, a sheet pile forms a surrounding wall free of water leakage around a purification area 15 in the ground 13 and is tightly connected to the water-impermeable layer 4 of the ground through a well 7. The washing water 16 to be injected is directed only to the ground surface 1.
【0022】汚染土壌12に対する洗浄水16は、地上のタ
ンク9内で、好ましくは地下水である水に栄養物質を所
定濃度に添加して調製される。洗浄水の一例は、汚染物
質中の炭素100に対して窒素が10、リンが1の重量比と
なるように、窒素源薬剤及びリン源薬剤を水に添加した
ものである。栄養物質を、例えばアンモニア塩、硝酸
塩、亜硝酸塩、尿素、リン酸塩、ポリリン酸塩、カリウ
ム化合物、カルシウム化合物、マグネシウム化合物、鉄
化合物からなる群から選択した1以上の物質とすること
ができる。ポンプ8が、タンク9内の洗浄水16を井戸7
を介して浄化域15へ注入する。井戸7は、難透水層4の
上方の不飽和層2及び帯水層3へいわば一様に洗浄水16
を注入するものであり、土壌中の微生物・分解菌への栄
養物質の供給と、土壌内の汚染油5の洗浄水16への流出
との両者を一様に生起させるものである。また井戸7
は、土壌中の洗浄水16をポンプ8によりタンク9へ揚水
すると共に、土壌中へ空気を吸入する機能をも果たす。The wash water 16 for the contaminated soil 12 is prepared in a tank 9 above ground by adding nutrients to water, preferably groundwater, to a predetermined concentration. An example of the wash water is a water in which a nitrogen source chemical and a phosphorus source chemical are added to water so that the weight ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus and phosphorus to carbon 100 in the pollutant is 100. The nutritional substance can be, for example, one or more substances selected from the group consisting of ammonium salts, nitrates, nitrites, urea, phosphates, polyphosphates, potassium compounds, calcium compounds, magnesium compounds, and iron compounds. The pump 8 supplies the washing water 16 in the tank 9 to the well 7
And into the purification zone 15 via. The well 7 is provided with uniform washing water 16 to the unsaturated layer 2 and the aquifer 3 above the poorly permeable layer 4.
In this way, both the supply of nutrients to microorganisms and decomposing bacteria in the soil and the outflow of the contaminated oil 5 in the soil to the washing water 16 are uniformly generated. Well 7
Has a function of pumping the washing water 16 in the soil to the tank 9 by the pump 8 and also sucking air into the soil.
【0023】好ましくは、井戸7の側壁を、汚染土壌12
の異なる深さ部位に対して洗浄水16の注入及び揚水を行
える構造とする。さらに好ましくは、井戸7の側壁の所
定深度より深い部分へ開口(図示せず)を穿ち、その開
口により洗浄水16を選択的に汚染土壌12中へ注入又は汚
染土壌12から揚水する。Preferably, the side wall of the well 7 is
The structure is such that the washing water 16 can be injected and pumped to different depth portions. More preferably, an opening (not shown) is formed in a portion of the side wall of the well 7 that is deeper than a predetermined depth, and the washing water 16 is selectively injected into or withdrawn from the contaminated soil 12 through the opening.
【0024】回収タンク11を、地表面1上の予想される
湧水層14の表面レベル17bへ溢流路18によって連接し、
湧水層14の表面の浮上油10を回収タンク11へ溢流させて
回収してもよい。The recovery tank 11 is connected by an overflow channel 18 to the expected surface level 17b of the spring layer 14 on the ground surface 1,
The floating oil 10 on the surface of the spring layer 14 may overflow to the recovery tank 11 and be recovered.
【0025】図1は、一つの浄化域15のみからなる例を
示すが、水平方向に並べた二つ又はそれ以上の数の浄化
域16を設けることもできる。その場合、汚染土壌12を地
下の難透水層4まで複数の止水壁6又は同等の遮水構造
物で仕切って二つ以上の浄化域15を形成し、一つの浄化
域15で揚水した洗浄水16を他の洗浄域15へ注入し、一つ
の浄化域15での水位17の下降と他の浄化域15での水位17
の上昇とを同時に発生させてもよい。FIG. 1 shows an example in which only one purification region 15 is provided, but two or more purification regions 16 arranged in a horizontal direction can be provided. In this case, the contaminated soil 12 is divided into a plurality of water-blocking walls 6 or equivalent water-blocking structures to the underground water-impermeable layer 4 to form two or more purification zones 15, and washing is performed by pumping water in one purification zone 15. Water 16 is injected into another cleaning zone 15, and the water level 17 in one purification zone 15 decreases and the water level 17 in another
May be simultaneously generated.
【0026】図2は、既設タンク20が原油貯蔵用であっ
て地下部分での油の漏洩を防止するため、タンク底面を
囲んで遮水構造物21が設けられ、その外に難透水層4が
存在する場合を示す。この場合は、必要とする水の量が
少なく、本発明が最も効果的に利用できる。即ち、既設
タンク20を撤去するか又はジャッキアップにより浮かせ
た後、地表部の僅かな部分を止水壁6により囲んだ上
で、洗浄水16の注入による浮上油10の形成と回収過程
と、洗浄水16の揚水による汚染土壌12への空気・酸素の
供給過程との反復により汚染土壌12を浄化することがで
きる。FIG. 2 shows that the existing tank 20 is for storing crude oil and a water-blocking structure 21 is provided around the bottom of the tank in order to prevent oil leakage in the underground part. Indicates the presence of In this case, the amount of water required is small, and the present invention can be used most effectively. That is, after the existing tank 20 is removed or floated by jack-up, a small portion of the ground surface is surrounded by the water stop wall 6, and the formation and recovery process of the floating oil 10 by injecting the washing water 16; The contaminated soil 12 can be purified by repeating the process of supplying air and oxygen to the contaminated soil 12 by pumping the washing water 16.
【0027】[0027]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように本発明の汚染土壌の
浄化方法及び装置は、難透水層に達する止水壁で囲んだ
浄化域を洗浄水で水没させる注水と、浄化域に酸素供給
する揚水とを反復するので、次の顕著な効果を奏する。As described above, according to the method and apparatus for purifying contaminated soil of the present invention, water is injected into a purification area surrounded by a water stop wall reaching a poorly permeable layer with washing water, and oxygen is supplied to the purification area. Since pumping is repeated, the following remarkable effects are achieved.
【0028】(イ)窒素源やリン源を含む洗浄水で水没
させるので、これらの栄養源を均一に土壌中に行き渡ら
せることができる。 (ロ)汚染油を浮上油として分離・除去するので、生物
処理の対象油分を減らすことができる。 (ハ)一般に油汚染土の浄化過程の終了の判定は、その
油汚染土を水中投入した時の油膜発生の有無による。従
来は水中投入の機会を逃し過剰浄化に陥る例があった
が、本発明の水没式浄化ではその機会を逃すおそれが無
く浄化進行度を常時監視し的確な判断ができる。 (ニ)揚水による酸素供給を用い、汚染土壌への均一な
酸素供給を行える。(A) Since the water is submerged in washing water containing a nitrogen source and a phosphorus source, these nutrient sources can be uniformly distributed in the soil. (B) Since the contaminated oil is separated and removed as floating oil, it is possible to reduce the amount of oil to be subjected to biological treatment. (C) In general, the determination of the end of the oil-contaminated soil purification process is based on the presence or absence of an oil film when the oil-contaminated soil is poured into water. In the past, there was a case in which an opportunity for water injection was missed, resulting in excessive purification. However, in the submerged purification according to the present invention, there is no risk of missing such an opportunity, and the progress of purification is constantly monitored and an accurate judgment can be made. (D) Uniform oxygen supply to contaminated soil can be performed using oxygen supply by pumping.
【0029】(ホ)止水壁で遮断した浄化域内で注水・
揚水を行って浄化するので、周辺への水や薬品の飛散な
しに汚染土壌浄化を行える。 (ヘ)注水・揚水過程で循環させる水量が少ないので、
周辺の地下水を使える。 (ト)水と分解菌栄養物資の循環利用、地下水利用など
による低コストでの浄化処理が可能である。 (チ)浮上油の溢流除去による分解菌の負荷の低減、及
び前記ハ項の浄化終了に対応の油膜発生の連続的監視等
による浄化期間の短縮が可能である。 (リ)止水壁による遮水・封鎖構造が不可欠であり汚染
拡散の恐れがない。 (ヌ)窒素源、リン源、酸素等の均一供給による均質な
土壌浄化が達成できる。(E) Inject water in the purification area blocked by the water stop wall.
Since water is purified by pumping, contaminated soil can be purified without splashing water or chemicals to the surroundings. (F) Since the amount of water circulated during the water injection / pumping process is small,
The surrounding groundwater can be used. (G) Recycling of water and nutrients for decomposing bacteria, and purification at low cost by using groundwater are possible. (H) It is possible to reduce the load of decomposing bacteria by removing the overflow of the floating oil, and to shorten the purification period by continuously monitoring the generation of an oil film corresponding to the end of the purification in the above item (c). (I) A water-blocking / sealing structure with water-blocking walls is indispensable, and there is no danger of pollution diffusion. (Iii) Uniform soil purification by uniform supply of nitrogen source, phosphorus source, oxygen, etc. can be achieved.
【図1】は、本発明の一実施例の図式的断面図である。FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of one embodiment of the present invention.
【図2】は、本発明の他の実施例の図式的断面図であ
る。FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view of another embodiment of the present invention.
1…地表面 2…不飽和層 3…帯水層 4…難透水層 5…汚染油 6…止水壁 7…井戸 8…ポンプ 9…タンク 10…浮上油 11…回収タンク 12…汚染土壌 13…地盤 14…湧水層 15…浄化域 16…洗浄水 17…水位 18…溢流路 20…既設油タンク 21…遮水構造物 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Ground surface 2 ... Unsaturated layer 3 ... Aquifer 4 ... Impervious layer 5 ... Contaminated oil 6 ... Water blocking wall 7 ... Well 8 ... Pump 9 ... Tank 10 ... Floating oil 11 ... Recovery tank 12 ... Contaminated soil 13 … Soil 14… Spring layer 15… Purification area 16… Wash water 17… Water level 18… Overflow channel 20… Existing oil tank 21… Impermeable structure
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き Fターム(参考) 2D040 AA00 AB01 AC00 BA00 CA10 CB03 DB01 4D004 AA41 AB02 AB05 AC07 CA19 CA40 CC07 DA01 DA10 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page F term (reference) 2D040 AA00 AB01 AC00 BA00 CA10 CB03 DB01 4D004 AA41 AB02 AB05 AC07 CA19 CA40 CC07 DA01 DA10
Claims (7)
水層から地表の所定高さまでの止水壁で囲み、前記地表
高さから難透水層に達する井戸を浄化域内に設け、汚染
物質分解菌の栄養物質が含まれる洗浄水を前記井戸によ
り汚染土壌へ注入し、前記洗浄水を汚染土壌から地表へ
湧出させて湧水層を形成し、比重が洗浄水より小さい汚
染物質を湧水層表面から分離し、前記汚染物質の分離後
に浄化域の洗浄水を井戸により揚水すると共に汚染土壌
内へ空気を吸入し、吸入した空気と注入された栄養物質
との存在下で分解菌により汚染物質を分解し、吸入した
空気又は注入された栄養物質の減少に応じ前記注入から
揚水までの過程を反復することにより汚染土壌を浄化し
てなる汚染土壌の浄化方法。1. A purification area of the ground where the contaminated soil is located is surrounded by a water blocking wall from an underground impervious layer to a predetermined height on the ground, and a well reaching the impervious layer from the ground level is provided in the purification area. Wash water containing nutrients of pollutant-decomposing bacteria is injected into the contaminated soil through the wells, and the wash water is allowed to spring out of the contaminated soil to the surface to form a spring layer, and to remove pollutants having a specific gravity smaller than the wash water. After being separated from the surface of the spring water layer, and after the separation of the pollutants, the washing water in the purification area is pumped through the wells, and air is sucked into the contaminated soil, and the bacteria are decomposed in the presence of the sucked air and the injected nutrients. A method for purifying contaminated soil by decomposing contaminants by repeating the process from injection to pumping according to a decrease in inhaled air or injected nutrients.
のタンクを浄化域の外に設け、そのタンクから洗浄水を
汚染土壌へ注入し、汚染土壌からタンクへ洗浄水を揚水
してなる汚染土壌の浄化方法。2. The cleaning method according to claim 1, wherein the cleaning water tank is provided outside the purification area, the cleaning water is injected into the contaminated soil from the tank, and the cleaning water is pumped from the contaminated soil to the tank. How to clean contaminated soil.
井戸の側壁を介し汚染土壌の異なる深さ部位に対する洗
浄水の注入及び揚水を行ってなる汚染土壌の浄化方法。3. The method for purifying contaminated soil according to claim 1 or 2, wherein washing water is injected into and pumped from different depths of the contaminated soil through side walls of the well.
を前記井戸の側壁の所定深度より深い部分へ穿った開口
により汚染土壌中へ注入し又は汚染土壌から揚水してな
る汚染土壌の浄化方法。4. The method for purifying contaminated soil according to claim 3, wherein the cleaning water is injected into the contaminated soil through an opening formed in a portion of the side wall of the well deeper than a predetermined depth, or is pumped from the contaminated soil. Method.
て、前記比重が洗浄水より小さい汚染物質を溢流路によ
り浄化域外に設けた回収タンクへ導いてなる汚染土壌の
浄化方法。5. The method for purifying contaminated soil according to claim 1, wherein the contaminant having a specific gravity smaller than that of the washing water is guided to a collection tank provided outside the purification area by an overflow channel.
壌が在る地盤の所定浄化域の周囲に設けた地下の難透水
層から地表上の所定高さまでの止水壁、前記浄化域内に
設けた地表上所定高さから難透水層に達する井戸、及び
汚染物質分解菌の栄養物質が含まれる洗浄水を前記井戸
により選択的に汚染土壌中へ注入又は汚染土壌から揚水
するポンプを備え、洗浄水注入時に汚染土壌を介する洗
浄水の地表への湧出により地表湧水層を形成すると共に
比重が洗浄水より小さい汚染物質を湧水層表面から分離
し、洗浄水揚水時に汚染土壌内へ空気を吸入してその空
気と注入された栄養物質との存在下で分解菌による汚染
物質分解を行ってなる汚染土壌の浄化装置。6. An apparatus for purifying contaminated soil, wherein a water stop wall from a subterranean poorly permeable layer provided around a predetermined purification area on the ground where the contaminated soil is located to a predetermined height above the ground surface is provided in the purification area. A well which reaches a poorly permeable layer from a predetermined height above the ground surface, and a pump for selectively injecting or pumping up washing water containing nutrients of pollutant-decomposing bacteria into the contaminated soil by the wells, When water is injected into the contaminated soil, contaminants with a specific gravity smaller than that of the wash water are separated from the surface of the spring water layer by discharging the wash water to the surface of the contaminated soil through the contaminated soil. An apparatus for purifying contaminated soil by decomposing contaminants by decomposing bacteria in the presence of inhaled air and injected nutrients.
質分解菌の栄養物質をアンモニア塩、硝酸塩、亜硝酸
塩、尿素、リン酸塩、ポリリン酸塩、カリウム化合物、
カルシウム化合物、マグネシウム化合物、鉄化合物から
なる群から選択した1以上の物質としてなる汚染土壌の
浄化装置。7. The purifying apparatus according to claim 6, wherein said nutrient substance of said contaminant-decomposing bacteria is ammonium salt, nitrate, nitrite, urea, phosphate, polyphosphate, potassium compound,
An apparatus for purifying contaminated soil as one or more substances selected from the group consisting of calcium compounds, magnesium compounds, and iron compounds.
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JP2000195256A JP2002011455A (en) | 2000-06-28 | 2000-06-28 | Method and device for cleaning contaminated soil |
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Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2002192142A (en) * | 2000-12-27 | 2002-07-10 | Fudo Constr Co Ltd | Method for cleaning polluted ground |
JP2004057953A (en) * | 2002-07-30 | 2004-02-26 | Okumura Corp | Decontamination method of contaminated soil at original position |
WO2007132561A1 (en) * | 2006-05-12 | 2007-11-22 | Taiheiyo Cement Corporation | Method of treating paddy-field soil containing heavy metal |
JP2007301491A (en) * | 2006-05-12 | 2007-11-22 | Taiheiyo Cement Corp | Method for cleaning heavy metal-containing paddy soil |
-
2000
- 2000-06-28 JP JP2000195256A patent/JP2002011455A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2002192142A (en) * | 2000-12-27 | 2002-07-10 | Fudo Constr Co Ltd | Method for cleaning polluted ground |
JP2004057953A (en) * | 2002-07-30 | 2004-02-26 | Okumura Corp | Decontamination method of contaminated soil at original position |
WO2007132561A1 (en) * | 2006-05-12 | 2007-11-22 | Taiheiyo Cement Corporation | Method of treating paddy-field soil containing heavy metal |
JP2007301491A (en) * | 2006-05-12 | 2007-11-22 | Taiheiyo Cement Corp | Method for cleaning heavy metal-containing paddy soil |
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