GB2074801A - Apparatus for operating a discharge lamp - Google Patents
Apparatus for operating a discharge lamp Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2074801A GB2074801A GB8108683A GB8108683A GB2074801A GB 2074801 A GB2074801 A GB 2074801A GB 8108683 A GB8108683 A GB 8108683A GB 8108683 A GB8108683 A GB 8108683A GB 2074801 A GB2074801 A GB 2074801A
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- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- discharge lamp
- high frequency
- voltage
- frequency
- component
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
- H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
- H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
- H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
- H05B41/288—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices and specially adapted for lamps without preheating electrodes, e.g. for high-intensity discharge lamps, high-pressure mercury or sodium lamps or low-pressure sodium lamps
- H05B41/292—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions
- H05B41/2928—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions for protecting the lamp against abnormal operating conditions
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- Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
Abstract
An apparatus for operating a discharge lamp provides a circuit (6) for generating a high frequency voltage for operating a discharge lamp (8). The voltage generated by this circuit (6) contains a fundamental wave component having a frequency within a range of 15.5 to 50 kHz (resonant circuit 30, 36, 38, 8) and a triple frequency component of this fundamental wave component (resonant circuit 31, 36, 38, 8), but it does not substantially contain frequency components above the triple frequency. A ratio I3/I1 of a lamp current I3 of the triple frequency component to a lamp current I1 of the fundamental wave component, both currents flowing through the discharge lamp (8), is so determined that 0.2 </= I3/I1 </= 0.6. This avoids instabilities in lamp operation. <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
Apparatus for operating a discharge lamp
The present invention relates to an apparatus for operating a high intensity discharge lamp with a high frequency voltage.
It is well known that an apparatus for operating a fluorescent lamp may be made which is compact in size, light in weight and superior in luminous efficiency by operating it with a high frequency voltage. The
Japanese Laid-open Patent Application No.54-91,971 and the corresponding U.S. Patent Application Serial
No. 864,578 filed on December 1977 disclose the operation of a high intensity discharge lamp, with a high frequency voltage.However, it is now known that a high intensity discharge lamp such as a high pressure mercury lamp, a high pressure sodium lamp, a metal halide lamp and soon causes undesirable phenomena called acoustic resonance according to which the arc flickers or extinguishes depending upon the sealed material, the shape of the light tube, the vapor pressure and so on when a voltage of a certaom frequency within the high frequency range is applied. For this reason, they cannot be operated in a stable manner.
Therefore, in order to operate a discharge lamp of this type, it is necessary to avoid the frequency range which causes this acoustic resonance. Although this frequency range differs depending upon the kind, individual variations and variation with time of the discharge lamps and an electric power supplied to the discharge lamp, it is generally within the range of several kHz to 80 kHz, which is quite a wide range. It is difficult to set the frequency of the voltage to be applied outside the frequency range described above, thus greatly obstructing the industrial production of discharge lamp apparatuses.
The present inventors have already proposed an apparatus for operating a high intensity discharge lamp with a rectangular waveform A.C. voltage in U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 189,714 filed on September 22, 1980. When the lamp is operated with a rectangular waveform A.C. voltage, acoustic resonance does not occur in the lamp and the problems described above are solved. However, such an apparatus still presents problems; the circuit of the apparatus is complex and requires a large number of eiectronic components and elements, the cost of the apparatus is therefore high, and the rectangular waveform voltage containes a plurality of higher frequency components which affects radio frequencies.
It is an object of the present invention to provide an apparatus for operating a discharge lamp which may be applied to various kinds of high intensity discharge lamps and which does not give rise to acoustic resonance.
It is another object of the present invention to provide an apparatus for operating a discharge lamp which is capable of eliminating the adverse effects of radio waves.
The present invention has been made based on that acoustic resonance does not occur unless the conditions for causing this phenomenon continue for a certain period of time (i.e., more than 0.1 to 10 seconds) and provides an apparatus for operating a high intensity discharge lamp to which a voltage containing a fundamental wave component of a high frequency and a triple frequency component of this is applied to remove the conditions for acoustic resonance by said triple frequency component and to thereby prevent acoustic resonance, even when the frequency of said fundamental wave component is one which normally causes the acoustic resonance.
According to the present invention, there is also provided an apparatus for operating a high intensity discharge lamp in which the levels of the lamp current Ii of said fundamental wave component and the lamp current 13 of the triple frequency component, both flowing through the discharge lamp, are set such that 0.2 S 13111 S 0.6, thereby sufficiently assuring the influence of the current 13 of the triple frequency component so that the discharge lamp may be operated in a stable manner.
Preferably, the voltage applied to the high intensity discharge lamp contains only the fundamental wave component and the triple frequency component and does not substantially contain frequency components exceeding the triple frequency so that problems of radio wave noise associated with higher frequencies as contained in the rectangular wave voltage may not be generated.
What is meant herein by the phrase "voltage does not substantially contain frequency components exceeding the triple frequency" is that such components may be contained to the extent that the ratio, that is, the effective value of the frequencies components exceeding the triple frequency relative to the various components substantially contained in the voltage to be applied is sufficiently small, so that the radio wave noise caused by these higher components causes substantially no adverse effects. As may be apparent from the Fourier series for the rectangular wave, the rectangular wave voltage consists of the fundamental wave component and an infinite number of wave components having frequencies which are an odd number times the fundamental frequency. The ratio, that is, the effective value of components of five times the fundamental frequency or more is about 0.0566.However, according to the present invention, the ratio, that is, the effective value of components of five times the fundamental frequency or more in the voltage applied to the high luminous discharge lamp is less than 0.0566.
This invention can be more fully understood from the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
Figure lisa block diagram illustrating an apparatus for operating a discharge lamp according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 2A shows the waveform of the fundamental high frequency wave;
Figure 2B shows the waveform of the triple frequency component wave obtained by tripling the fundamental high frequency wave shown in Figure 2A;
Figure 2C shows a waveform of a composite wave obtained by synthesizing the fundamental high frequency wave shown in Figure 2A with the triple frequency component wave shown in Figure 2B;
Figure 3A and 3B show the operation characteristics of a metal halide lamp of 250 W and high pressure mercury lamp of 250 W respectively;;
Figures 4A and 4B are graphs showing the operating conditions of a metal halide lamp of 250 W and a mercury lamp of 250 W, respectively, with a composite wave;
Figure 5 is a circuit diagram of the apparatus for operating a discharge lamp shown in Figure 1;
Figure 6 is an equivalent circuit diagram of part of the circuit shown in Figure 5;
Figure 7 is a circuit diagram of an apparatus for operating a discharge lamp according to another embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 8 is an equivalent circuit diagram of part of the circuit shown in Figure 7;
Figure 9 is a circuit diagram of an apparatus for operating a discharge lamp according to a further embodiment of the present invention; and
Figures 10 and 11 are block diagrams of an apparatus for operating a discharge lamp according to a still further embodiment of the present invention.
The basic principles of the apparatus for operating a discharge lamp according to the present invention will be described with reference to Figures 1 to 4.
The apparatus for operating a discharge lamp according to an embodiment of the present invention shown by the block diagram of Figure 1 has an inverter 6 for inverting a full-wave rectified voltage supplied from a rectifying circuit 4 connected to an A.C. power source 2 into a high frequency voltage. This inverter 6 generates a fundamental wave component of 37 kHz as shown in Figure 2A, and a triple frequency component obtained by multiplying the fundamental frequency by three, as shown in Figure 2B. The inverter 6 supplies a voltage obtained by synthesizing the two components, as shown in Figure 2c, to a discharge lamp 8.This discharge lamp 8 is a high intensity discharge lamp such as a high pressure mercury lamp, a high pressure sodium lamp, a metal halide lamp and so on, and has a problem of acoustic resonance according to which the arc flickers or distinguishes when a voltage of a certain frequency component within the high frequency range is applied, as has been described. Hence, it has a problem of unstable operation.
According to the experiments conducted by the present inventors, with a metal halide lamp of 250 W, and a high pressure mercury lamp of 250 W, the operation becomes slightly unstable in the frequency range I shown by the dotted pattern in Figure 3A and Figure 3B, very unstable in the frequency ranges II shown by the hatched patterns, and the arc extinguishes in the frequency range Ill shown by the crosshatched pattern.
In the frequency ranges IV, shown as blank, the lamp operates in a stable manner Although the frequency ranges which cause such acoustic resonance vary depending upon the kind, individual variations, and variation with time of the lamps and electric power supplied to the lamp, all of the high intensity discharge lamps have the problem of acoustic resonance.
Accordingly, when the fundamental wave of 37 kHz alone as shown in Figure 2A is supplied from the inverter 6 to the discharge lamp 8, the discharge lamp 8 operates in an unstable manner as seen from the range I or II of Figure 3A and Figure 3B. However, since the composite wave obtained by the synthesis of the fundamental wave of Figure 2A and the triple frequency component of the fundamental wave shown in
Figure 2B is supplied to the discharge lamp 8 according to the embodiment of the present invention, the lamp 8 does not exhibit acoustic resonance and operates in a stable manner.Although the composite wave does contain the frequency which normally causes acoustic resonance, the condition under which the discharge lamp is operated in an unstable manner by the fundamental wave, that is, the condition that the acoustic resonance wave is generated in the discharge lamp for a certain period of time, is disturbed by the triple frequency. The triple frequency shown in Figure 2b is 111 kHz which corresponds to the range V of
Figure 3A and Figure 3B. Therefore, when only the triple frequency component is supplied to the discharge lamp 8, the discharge lamp 8 operates in a stable manner. Accordingly, the composite wave obtained by the synthesis of the triple frequency component with the fundamental wave does not give rise to acoustic resonance in the discharge lamp.
The ratio of the triple frequency component to the fundamental wave component will now be described.
Figure 4A shows the waveform of a metal halide lamp of 250 W, wherein the ratio 13/11 of the lamp current 13 corresponding to the triple frequency component to the lamp current 11 corresponding to the fundamental wave component is plotted along the ordinate, and the operating condition of the discharge lamp 8 is plotted along the abscissa. Curve 10 shows the case in which the frequency of the fundamental wave component is 20 kHz, curve 12 shows the case wherein this frequency is 30 kHz, and curve 14 shows the case wherein this frequency is 490 kHz. Referring to Figure 4A, the hatched portion is the range wherein the lamp may be operated in a stable manner. Figure 4B is the case of a mercury lamp of 250 W, wherein curve 16 corresponds to 20 kHz, curve 18 corresponds to 30 kHz, and curve 20 corresponds to 40 kHz. The present inventors have confirmed that similar resu Its may be obtained when the frequency of the fundamental wave component is varied for different kinds of high intensity discharge lamps or for lamps of different ratings. It is seen from this that the ratio 13/11 of the lamp current 13 of the triple frequency component to the lamp current 11 corresponding to the fundamental wave component need only be such that 0.2 13/11. When this ratio 13/11 is too great, the electric power of the triple frequency component is too great, resulting in the problem of radio wave noise depending on the frequency.It is, therefore, necessary that 0.2 13/11 0.6. Thus, a high frequency generating circuit is designed to generate a composite wave which satisfies the condition of 0.2 S 13/11 ";0.6 by setting the ratio of the triple frequency component to the fundamental wave component in the manner described above. The radio wave noise or the switching loss when a semiconductor switching element is used may be reduced to the minimum even when the frequency of the triple frequency component is relatively high. Since frequencies exceeding five times the fundamental frequency are not substantially contained, the problem of the radio wave noise associated with these frequency components is not caused.Thus, the ratio of the components of a frequency exceeding five times the fundamental frequency, that is, the effective value, is designed not to be larger than 0.0566. Although the frequency of the fundamental wave component is not particularly limited, it is preferably more than the audio frequency 15.5 kHz and lower than the frequency 50 kHz so as to prevent the triple frequency from being over the frequency 150 kHz.
Figure 5 shows an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to this figure, the same reference numerals denote the same parts as in Figure 1 and the description thereof will be omitted. According to this embodiment, the high frequency generating circuit 6 comprises a push-pull inverter to the input terminal of which is connected an inductor 22 for preventing the high frequency component from being supplied from the rectifying circuit 4 to the inverter 6. The inverter 6 is connected to the output terminals of the rectifying circuit 4 through the inductor 22. Accordingly, a pulse voltage which is not smoothed is supplied to the inverter 6. The inverter 6 has a pair of transistors 24 and 26 whose emitters are connected to the inductor 22.
A primary winding 27 of an output transformer 28 is connected between the collectors of the transistors 24 and 26. A resonance capacitor 30 is connected to the primary winding 27 of the output transformer 28, and a control winding 25 of the transformer 28 is connected between the bases of the transistors 24 and 26. The bases of the transistors 26 and 24 are connected to the plus output terminal of the rectifying circuit 4 through resistors 32 and 24, respectively, as well as to an intermediate tap 29 of the transformer 28. A secondary winding 31 of the transformer 28 is connected to the discharge lamp 8 through a capacitor 38 and an inductor 36 for limiting the lamp current as well as for causing parallel resonance.
The operation of the circuit shown in Figure 5 will be described next. When a voltage is applied to the inverter 6, one of the transistors 24 and 26 is turned on. Then, the current flows through the anode output terminal of the rectifying circuit 4, the intermediate tap 29, part of the primary winding 27, the one of the transistors 24 and 26 which is turned on, the inductor 22, to the cathode output terminal of the rectifying circuit 4 to generate a voltage in the primary winding 27. Due to this, the primary winding 27 and the resonance capacitor 30 undergo parallel resonance as shown by arrow 40 of Figure 6. The output voltage of the output transformer 6 is inverted by inversion of the polarities of the parallel resonant circuit so that the base potential of the transistors 24 and 26 connected to the control winding 25 is inverted with respect to the emitter potential.Then, the transistors 24 or 26 which has been turned on, is turned off, and the other, which has not been turned off, is turned on. Thus, a resonance voltage of opposite polarities to that obtained before is induced. By the inversion of the resonance voltage, the transistors 24 and 26 are alternately turned on and off, repeating the operation described above. The discharge lamp 8 is started when a sinusoidal wave voltage induced by the resonance operation described above is applied through the inductor 36 and the capacitor 38. The frequency of the sinusoidal wave voltage is set to be about 50 kHz.
After the discharge lamp 8 is operated, the current in the resonant circuit changes to the direction shown by arrows 42 and 44 in Figure 6. Thus, voltage resonance is caused by a closed circuit 42 of the resonance capacitor 30, the inductor 36, the capacitor 38, and the discharge lamp 8; and a closed circuit 44 of a composite inductance of the primary winding 27 and the secondary winding 31 of the output transformer 28, the inductor36, the capacitor 38, and the discharge lamp 8. The first resonant circuit shown by arrow 44 resonates to the frequency of the fundamental wave component e.g., 37 kHz; and the second resonant circuit shown by arrow 42 resonates to the triple frequency, e.g., 111 kHz. A composite voltage of these as shown in
Figure 2C is applied to the discharge lamp 8.The composite voltage does not substantially contain frequency components of over five times the fundamental frequency, and this may be attained by suitably setting the circuit constant. Accordingly, although the discharge lamp 8 is originally one which would cause acoustic resonance by the fundamental wave component of 37 kHz, the conditions for causing the acoustic resonance are disturbed by the triple frequency of 111 kHz so that the arching is made stable. In the case of this embodiment, the current-limiting elements 36 and 38 of the lamp current of the discharge lamp 8 are disposed at the high frequency side so that the discharge lamp 8 as well as the high frequency generating circuit may be made compact in size and light in weight.
The test example shown in Figure 5 will now be described.
Discharge lamp 8: metal halide lamp of 250 W
A.C. power source 2: 50 Hz, 200 V (effective values)
Resonance capacitor 30: 0.0134 CLF Primary winding 27 of output transformer 28: 7601lH Secondary winding 31 of the output transformer 28: 444 FH Inductor 36: 304 FH Capacitor 38: 0.0195 uF The resonance frequencies f1 and f2 of the first and second resonant circuits 42 and 44 in Figure 6 may be given from these constants by the following equations:
The frequency of the second resonant circuit 44 is about 2.5 times that of the first resonant circuit 42.
According to the actual measurements, due to the distributed constant of the circuit, the frequency of the first resonant circuit 42 is set to be 37 kHz and that of the second resonant circuit 44 is set to be 111 kHz. It was confirmed that the arcing of the discharge lamp 8 was not unstable, the discharge lamp 8 was able to be operated in a stable manner, and radio wave noise was only caused to a negligible extent.
Figure 7 shows another embodiment of the present invention. The same reference numerals denote the same parts as in Figure 5 and the description thereof will be omitted. Although a power source 46 which supplies a smoothed D.C. current is used in this embodiment, it is to be understood that a power source 46 which supplies a non-smoothed D.C. current may alternatively be used.
The high frequency generating circuit 6 in this embodiment comprises a push-pull transistor similar to that used in the embodiment shown in Figure 5. However, part 48 of the input or primary winding 27 of the output transformer 28 also functions as the output winding. A series circuit of an inductor 50 and a capacitor 52 is connected between the terminals of the output winding 48, and an inductor 54 and the discharge lamp 8 are connected in series between the terminals of this series circuit.
The resonant circuits of this embodiment are as shown in Figure 8. Before the discharge lamp 8 is operated, the resonant circuit is formed by the resonance capacitor 30 and the primary winding 27 of the output transformer 28 as shown by arrow 56 of Figure 8. When the discharge lamp 8 is being operated, the first resonant circuit shown by arrow 58 of the resonance capacitor 30, the inductor 54 and the discharge lamp 8, and the second resonant circuit shown by arrow 60 of the capacitor 52, the inductor 50, the inductor 54, and the discharge lamp 8 are formed.The first resonant circuit shown by arrow 58 resonates at the frequency of the fundemental wave component, the second resonant circuit shown by arrow 60 resonates at the frequency of the triple frequency component, and the composite voltage of these is applied to the discharge lamp 8 in a manner similar to that of the embodiment shown in Figure 5. Therefore, acoustic resonance will not occur and the discharge lamp 8 may be operated in a stable manner.
Figure 9 shows a further embodiment of the present invention. The same reference numerals denote the same parts as in Figures 1 and 5, and the description thereof will be omitted. According to this embodiment, a constant voltage element 62 and a capacitor 64 are connected in parallel between the A.C. power source 2 and the rectifying circuit 4 for reducing noise. Although the high frequency generating circuit 6 also comprises a push-pull inverter in this embodiment, the base current of the transistors 24 and 26 is obtained from the collector current path of transistors 24 and 26 in the inverter of this embodiment.Primary windings 68 and 70 of a current transformer 66 are connected in series with the collectors of the transistors 24 and 26, a secondary winding 72 is connected to a rectifying and smoothing circuit 74, and the output of the secondary winding 72 is rectified and smoothed to be converted to a voltage which is applied to the bases of the transistors 24 and 26. Therefore, the base resistors 32 and 34 are so set that base current may be supplied only in the starting period. Diodes 76 and 78, a constant voltage element 80, and a capacitor 82 are included to limit excess collector-emitter voltage of the transistors 24 and 26 so as to protect the transistors 24 and 26.
The resonant circuit of the high frequency generating circuit 6 in this embodiment is substantially the same as that of the embodiment shown in Figure 5, except that an inductor 83 is connected in parallel with the secondary winding 31 of the output transformer 28 to decrease the inductance at the output side of the transformer 28. Since the mode of operation of the circuit shown in Figure 9 is the same as that shown in
Figure 5, the description thereof will be omitted.
Figure 10 shows a further embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the high frequency generating circuit 6 comprises a first high frequency generating circuit 6-1 for outputting the fundamental wave component, and a second high frequency generating circuit 6-2 for receiving part of the output of this circuit 6-1 and for outputting the triple frequency component. The outputs of these circuits 6-1 and 6-2 are applied parallel to each other to the discharge lamp 8 to operate it. The first high frequency generating circuit 6-1 comprises a transistor inverter as shown in Figure 1 and has a resonant circuit for generating the fundamental wave component alone.The second high frequency generating circuit 6-2 comprises a transistor inverter to which is supplied the output of the inverter or the first high frequency generating circuit 6-1, and has a resonant circuit for generating the triple frequency component. The outputs of these circuits 6-1 and 6-2 may be supplied in series with the discharge lamp 8, or the output of the rectifying circuit 4 may be supplied to the second high frequency generating circuit 6-2 for generating the triple frequency component.
Figure 11 shows a further embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the high frequency generating circuit 6 comprises a transistor chopper 84, a first resonant circuit 86 for generating the fundamental component, a second resonant circuit 88 for generating the triple frequency component, and a ballast 90 for performing the limiting the current. Although the detailed description of the transistor chopper 84 is omitted here, a known transistor chopper may be used without modification. The first and second resonant circuits 86 and 88 may comprise those which have been used in the former embodiments. The ballast 90 may also be a resonant circuit as required. The order of connection of the first and second resonant circuits 86 and 88 may be reversed. Since the mode of operation is same as that of the former embodiments, the description thereof will be omitted.
The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above. The effects of the present invention may be obtained even when the high intensity discharge lamp is one which emits light by atoms such as a mercury lamp or a metal halide lamp in which is sealed molecular tin halide for emission of light with molecules. The high frequency generating circuit need not necessarily be an inverter or a chopper, but must only be one which is capable of applying the fundamental wave component and the triple frequency component to the discharge lamp. When the high frequency generating circuit comprises an inverter, the inverter may be of parallel, series, or one-element type. The high frequency generating circuit may be of selfor externally-excited type, even when it is a chopper.The parts for generating the fundamental wave component and the triple frequency component may be separately formed or may alternatively be commonly formed using a single magnetic circuit or the like. The essential requirement is that the fundamental wave and the triple frequency component be applied to the discharge lamp. Although frequencies of over five times the fundamental frequency may be included, the ratio of such frequency components to the overall voltage, that is, the effective value, must be such that the adverse effects of radio wave noise caused by these frequency components are negligible. Although the phases of the fundamental wave component and the triple frequency component need not coincide, favorable characteristics were obtained when they coincided or were close to each other.
In summary, a high intensity discharge lamp is operated by applying a high frequency voltage containing the fundamental wave component and the triple frequency component in a certain ratio. Therefore, an apparatus for operating the discharge lamp which does not cause acoustic resonance is obtained, and this apparatus may be applied to various high intensity discharge lamps in which the forms of the acoustic resonance are different. Furthermore, since frequency components exceeding the triple frequency are not substantially contained, the adverse effects of radio wave noise may be prevented.
Claims (11)
1. An apparatus for operating a discharge lamp comprising:
a high intensity discharge lamp; and
means for generating a high frequency voltage and supplying the same to said discharge lamp, said high frequency voltage substantially consisting of a fundamental high frequency component and a triple frequency component of a frequency three times higher than that of the fundamental high frequency component and a ratio of a current 13 of said triple frequency component flowing through said discharge lamp and a lamp current 11 of said fundamental high frequency component flowing through said discharge lamp satisfying 0.2 13/11 ";0.6.
2. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the frequency of said fundamental high frequency component is set to be within a range of 15.5 to 50 kHz.
3. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said high frequency voltage generating means generates a high frequency voltage wherein the effective value of the containing ratio of the high frequency components having frequencies above said triple frequency is smaller than 0.0566.
4. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said high frequency voltage generating means supplies to said discharge lamp a composite high frequency voltage obtained by synthesizing the fundamental high frequency component and the triple frequency component.
5. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said high frequency voltage generating means supplies a voltage of the fundamental high frequency wave component and a voltage of the triple frequency component to said discharge lamp.
6. An apparatus according to claim 5, wherein said high frequency voltage generating means includes first circuit means for generating a voltage of the fundamental high frequency component and second circuit means for generating a voltage of the triple frequency component.
7. An apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein said high frequency generating means comprises an inverter.
8. An apparatus according to claim 7, wherein said inverter includes
a pair of switching elements for converting a supplied D.C. voltage to an alternating voltage,
a first resonant circuit for resonating at the frequency of the fundamental wave component, and
a second resonant circuit for resonating at the frequency of the triple frequency component.
9. An apparatus according to claim 8, wherein said first and second resonant circuits include a series arrangement of an inductor and a capacitor connected to said discharge lamp.
10. An apparatus according to claim 8, wherein said first and second resonant circuits include an inductor connected in series with said discharge lamp and said second resonant circuit includes a series arrangement of an inductor and a capacitor connected in parallel with said discharge lamp.
11. An apparatus for operating a discharge lamp, substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP3623380A JPS56134494A (en) | 1980-03-24 | 1980-03-24 | Device for firing discharge lamp |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB2074801A true GB2074801A (en) | 1981-11-04 |
| GB2074801B GB2074801B (en) | 1984-04-26 |
Family
ID=12464048
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB8108683A Expired GB2074801B (en) | 1980-03-24 | 1981-03-19 | Apparatus for operating a discharge lamp |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS56134494A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU6845481A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3111561C2 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2478932A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2074801B (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0078864A1 (en) * | 1981-11-11 | 1983-05-18 | Toshiba Electric Equipment Corporation | Transistor inverter device |
| GB2134701A (en) * | 1982-12-29 | 1984-08-15 | Philips Nv | Metal vapour discharge |
| US4749914A (en) * | 1985-02-07 | 1988-06-07 | El-Co Villamos Keszulekek Es Szerelesi Anyagok Gyara | Circuit system for igniting and operating a high-pressure discharge lamp, particularly a sodium vapor lamp |
| WO1997042650A3 (en) * | 1996-05-09 | 1998-03-26 | Philips Electronics Nv | High-pressure discharge lamp |
| EP0979026A2 (en) * | 1998-08-07 | 2000-02-09 | Sunflower di Dalla Zanna Gianluca | Switching power supply, particularly for high-pressure lamps and neon tubes |
| WO2001067829A1 (en) * | 2000-03-10 | 2001-09-13 | Microlights Limited | Driving serially connected high intensity discharge lamps |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4388562A (en) * | 1980-11-06 | 1983-06-14 | Astec Components, Ltd. | Electronic ballast circuit |
| DE3122183C2 (en) * | 1981-06-04 | 1983-09-22 | Philips Patentverwaltung Gmbh, 2000 Hamburg | Method for operating a high-pressure metal vapor discharge lamp and circuit arrangement for carrying out this method |
| JPS60127696A (en) * | 1983-12-12 | 1985-07-08 | 松下電工株式会社 | Device for firing discharge lamp |
| DE3641070A1 (en) * | 1986-12-02 | 1988-06-16 | Philips Patentverwaltung | CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENT FOR OPERATING HIGH PRESSURE GAS DISCHARGE LAMPS BY MEANS OF AN IMPULSE SUPPLY CURRENT |
| JPH01115097A (en) * | 1987-10-29 | 1989-05-08 | Eye Lighting Syst Corp | Electric discharge lamp lighting device |
| US5189343A (en) * | 1991-08-27 | 1993-02-23 | Everbrite, Inc. | High frequency luminous tube power supply having neon-bubble and mercury-migration suppression |
| JP5309819B2 (en) * | 2008-09-11 | 2013-10-09 | ウシオ電機株式会社 | Lighting device |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1233841A (en) * | 1969-04-24 | 1971-06-03 | ||
| GB1529824A (en) * | 1975-10-24 | 1978-10-25 | Gen Electric | Ballast circuit for gaseous discharge lamps |
| FR2351450A1 (en) * | 1976-05-12 | 1977-12-09 | Sachs Systemtechnik Gmbh | Circuit for production of open alternating magnetic field - has two switching transistors each connected in series to parallel resonant circuits |
| US4170746A (en) * | 1977-12-27 | 1979-10-09 | General Electric Company | High frequency operation of miniature metal vapor discharge lamps |
-
1980
- 1980-03-24 JP JP3623380A patent/JPS56134494A/en active Granted
-
1981
- 1981-03-17 AU AU68454/81A patent/AU6845481A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1981-03-19 GB GB8108683A patent/GB2074801B/en not_active Expired
- 1981-03-23 FR FR8105759A patent/FR2478932A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1981-03-24 DE DE19813111561 patent/DE3111561C2/en not_active Expired
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0078864A1 (en) * | 1981-11-11 | 1983-05-18 | Toshiba Electric Equipment Corporation | Transistor inverter device |
| GB2134701A (en) * | 1982-12-29 | 1984-08-15 | Philips Nv | Metal vapour discharge |
| AT383245B (en) * | 1982-12-29 | 1987-06-10 | Philips Nv | ARRANGEMENT WITH A METAL VAPOR DISCHARGE LAMP EQUIPPED WITH AT LEAST TWO INTERNAL ELECTRODES |
| US4749914A (en) * | 1985-02-07 | 1988-06-07 | El-Co Villamos Keszulekek Es Szerelesi Anyagok Gyara | Circuit system for igniting and operating a high-pressure discharge lamp, particularly a sodium vapor lamp |
| GB2172451B (en) * | 1985-02-07 | 1989-06-14 | El Co Villamos Keszulekek Es S | Circuit system for igniting and lighting a high-pressure discharge lamp particulary a sodium vapour lamp |
| WO1997042650A3 (en) * | 1996-05-09 | 1998-03-26 | Philips Electronics Nv | High-pressure discharge lamp |
| US5923127A (en) * | 1996-05-09 | 1999-07-13 | U.S. Philips Corporation | High-pressure discharge lamp with miniature discharge vessel and integrated circuitry |
| EP0979026A2 (en) * | 1998-08-07 | 2000-02-09 | Sunflower di Dalla Zanna Gianluca | Switching power supply, particularly for high-pressure lamps and neon tubes |
| EP0979026A3 (en) * | 1998-08-07 | 2001-05-16 | Sunflower di Dalla Zanna Gianluca | Switching power supply, particularly for high-pressure lamps and neon tubes |
| WO2001067829A1 (en) * | 2000-03-10 | 2001-09-13 | Microlights Limited | Driving serially connected high intensity discharge lamps |
| US6794828B2 (en) | 2000-03-10 | 2004-09-21 | Microlights Limited | Driving serially connected high intensity discharge lamps |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB2074801B (en) | 1984-04-26 |
| FR2478932A1 (en) | 1981-09-25 |
| AU6845481A (en) | 1981-10-01 |
| DE3111561A1 (en) | 1982-04-29 |
| DE3111561C2 (en) | 1983-12-08 |
| JPS56134494A (en) | 1981-10-21 |
| JPS6342400B2 (en) | 1988-08-23 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCNP | Patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |