GB2029546A - Vibration isolating element - Google Patents
Vibration isolating element Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- GB2029546A GB2029546A GB7928265A GB7928265A GB2029546A GB 2029546 A GB2029546 A GB 2029546A GB 7928265 A GB7928265 A GB 7928265A GB 7928265 A GB7928265 A GB 7928265A GB 2029546 A GB2029546 A GB 2029546A
- Authority
- GB
- United Kingdom
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- insulating element
- protuberances
- element according
- layers
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002430 Fibre-reinforced plastic Polymers 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011151 fibre-reinforced plastic Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052729 chemical element Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013013 elastic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F13/00—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs
- F16F13/002—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising at least one fluid spring
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
- F16F15/02—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
- F16F15/023—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using fluid means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F3/00—Spring units consisting of several springs, e.g. for obtaining a desired spring characteristic
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
- F16F9/02—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium using gas only or vacuum
- F16F9/04—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium using gas only or vacuum in a chamber with a flexible wall
- F16F9/049—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium using gas only or vacuum in a chamber with a flexible wall multi-chamber units
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
- Springs (AREA)
- Thermal Insulation (AREA)
Abstract
The element 1 comprises at least one layer having protuberances 4 constructed and arranged so that a "high- low-high" characteristic is obtained for the elasticity constant of the layer, the minimum elasticity constant of the layer being predetermined in accordance with a load 2 to be applied to the element 1. Preferably at least two adjacent layers are present. Each layer consists of a plate 8 of metal, fibre- reinforced plastics, plastics-reinforced fibre board, or ceramic or plastics material. The protuberances 4 of adjacent layers may form closed or communicating air chambers. The layers may be interconnected by rigid spacers. The element is used to mount a machine. Alternatively (Figure 7) double layers are encased in rubber and used as heat insulation in walls and floors. The spaces defined by the protuberances are evacuated and the walls mirror coated. <IMAGE>
Description
SPECIFICATION
An insulating element for vibration insulation of articles
The invention relates to an insulating element for vibration insulation of articles.
In many situations vibrations of solids or vibrations due to sound conducted through solids have to be insulated. The term "active insulation of vibration" is used when vibrating machines, such as motors, turbines, machine tools or their tracks such as rails are screened off, with respect to vibration, from their surroundings. By "passive insulation of vibration", on the other hand, is meant the protection of sensitive apparatus or plant against vibrations.
For the insulation of vibration, i.e. the insulation of sound conducted through solids, a number of proposals have been made. Afeature common to all of them is the fact that they aim to have the lowest possible elasticity constant, because the insulation effect is greater, the higher the rigidity ratio between, for example, the machine and the vibration insulator. Use is made, for instance, of rubber blocks, helical springs and air cushions. Wire cushions and layers of fibrous material are likewise known.
All the known systems suffer from the drawback that in order to obtain a sufficiently low spring rigidity they represent comparatively high structures. In the case of rubber blocks, helical springs and air cushions their overall height generally amounts to up to 10% of the height of the machine as a whole.
A further drawback resides in the considerable static sag of most known insulating elements. As their spring characteristic is mainly linear but their spring rigidity relatively low, their static deflections are correspondingly high. Altogether the entire machine erection tends to become unstable. For many purposes, however, it is precisely by the stability requirements that the permissible minimum for the spring rigidity of the insulating elements is determined, so that it is not possible for the insulating effect to be utilized to the full.
The purpose of the invention is to avoid or minimise one or more of the disadvantages described.
Aocording to the present invention there is provided an insulating element for vibration insulation of articles, the insulating element comprising a lay of vibration-insulating material or a plurality of adjacent layers of vibration-insulating material, the or each layer having protuberances constructed and arranged in such a manner that a "high-low-high" characteristic is obtained for the elasticity constant of the vibration-insulating material, the minimum elasticity constant of the said material being predetermined in accordance with a load to be applied to the insulating element. Preferably at least two said adjacent layers are present. Generally the protuberances are curved and desirably the or each said layer has protuberances extending transversely of the plane of the layer.Preferably the or each said layer - has protuberances extending in opposite directions.
Conveniently the or each said layer comprises a
metal plate. Generally the material of said layer may
be sheet metal, "GFK" glass fibre reinforced plastics,
"KFK" carbon fibre reinforced plastics or other
plastic-reinforced fibre board, plastics or ceramic
material.
The insulating element of this invention is found to
offer very satisfactory vibration insulation and can
be constructed so that it has a relatively low overall
height with respect to the height of a machine, for
instance, to be applied to the insulating element.
Preferably the protuberances of the or each said
layer extend away from the body of said layer to a
distance which is up to 3 times the minimum thickness of said layer.
In one expedient form of the invention the or each
layer comprises a plate having embossed protuber
ances, each protuberance having a parabolic or semi-elliptical cross-section; preferably the embos
sed protuberances of the or each layer are opposite
each other. The or each layer may have a series of
opposed protuberances, each pair of opposed protu
berances in said layer having a substantially circular or elliptical cross-section. Adjacent protuberances of the or each layer may be spaced apart by planar
regions or regions of reduced thickness; the protu
berances of the or each layer may be symmetrically aligned. Where the insulating element comprises a
plurality of said layers the protuberances of adjacent
layers may be symmetrically arranged with respect to each other.If desired, the protuberances of one
layer may be in contact with the protuberances of an adjacent layer, or, alternatively, the protuberances of one layer may be spaced apart from the protuberances of an adjacent layer.
Desirably the protuberances are hollow; for instance they may be closed except for air apertures to
prevent or minimise any spring-like action of air contained within the hollow protuberances. Alternatively, the or each layer may have a series of opposed protuberances, each pair of opposed protu
berances in said layer defining a closed cavity; each said closed cavity may be under vacuum or reduced
pressure and/or the or each said layer may be accommodated in a closed container filled with air or oil.
In another expedient form of the invention there are a plurality of said layers and each layer constitutes a disc having corrugations disposed radially, the corrugations of one layer being substantially in
linear contact only with the corrugations of a contiguous layer. Preferably the discs are of sheet
metal. Alternatively, a plurality of said layers may be present with each layer having substantially parallel corrugations, the layers being so arranged that the corrugations of one layer are transverse to the corrugations of a contiguous layer, the contiguous corrugations being interconnected at the points of contact. The layers may be rectangular metal plates and/orthe corrugations may be connected by welding.
In general the or each said layer may be accommodated in a housing closed by one or more elastic walls.
It is the intention with the present invention that in the load zone the or each said layer should have a very low spring rigidity, which outside the effective zone rises considerably. This ensures great stability.
The static basic load is adapted to the effective zone.
The "high-low-high" elasticity characteristic becomes more marked with increasing extent of the protuberances away from said layer, with the possibility that the elasticity constant may reach zero in certain cases.
In an advantageous form of the invention the layers are in the form of metal plates and are adapted to different basic loads and have embossed protuberances. Where there are two or more layers these may be contiguous or elastic layers may be interposed between the layers provided with protuberances. Where the protuberances are hollow and are provided with air passges through which air contained in the protuberances can escape the inherent elasticity of such contained air can be eliminated or minimised.
In an advantageous form of the invention in which pairs of opposite protuberances are closed containers and these are under vacuum or reduced pressure such an element may also serve as a heat insulator by providing a mirror coating in the zone of the protuberances.
By way of example preferred forms of the invention will be described in greater detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:
Figure la is a cross-section through an insulating element embodying the invention,
Figures ib, Ic & ld are detailed drawings in connection with Figure 1 a,
Figure 2 is a cross-section through another embo dimentofthe invention, i.e. an insulating element with intermediate layers of rubber,
Figure 3 is a cross-section through a further
embodiment of the invention, namely an insulating element with an air or oil buffer,
Figure 4 is a corss-section through another embodiment of the invention, namely an insulating ele
ment for two- and three-dimensional insulation,
Figures 5a & 5b represent a further embodiment of the invention, namely an insulating element of
disc-like construction,
Figure 6 is a sixth form of insulating element with
corrugated rectangular metal plates, embodying the
invention,
Figure 7 is a seventh form of insulating element
simultaneously providing heat insulation, embody
ing the invention,
Figure 8 is an eigth form of insulating element
connected in parallel, embodying the invention.
An insulating element 1 according to Figure 1
serves to insulate a machine 2, for example, against
the erection site 3 from the point of view of vibration.
The insulating element 1 consists of metal plates 8
into which proturberances 4 are embossed. The
metal plates 8 are placed above one another in a
number of layers and provided with air apertures 5
at the points of contact. To prevent the air apertures
from being displaced and thus blocked their edges
are provided with flanges. These flanges are shown
in greater detail in Figures 1b and 1c. The air apertures 5 serve to evacuate the air from the protuberances 4 in orderto eliminate their air elasticity. The insulating element 1 can be additionally insulated by the size of the air apertures. Higher insulation properties are obtained if the entire insulating element 1 is filled with oil. The layer 6 serves as a collecting channel for the air. Where an oil filling is adopted the layer 6 is at the same time a compensating vessel.Finally, a lower layer 7seals off the insulating element 1 against the ground.
Figure ldisa plan view of a metal plate with embossed protuberances 4 and air apertures 5.
The example shown in Figure 2 is based on the same principles as that shown in Figure 1. The insulating element 11 is situated between a machine 12 and a floor 13. It consists of metal plates with embossed protuberances 14 joined together in symmetrical pairs. Intermediate rubber layers 17 are provided between the individual pairs. Air apertures 15, leading into an equalizing layer 16, are provided the whole way through the insulating element.
In Figure 3 the form of insulating element 21 shown is situated between a machine 22 and a base 23. The insulating element 21 is hermetically sealed off by plates 27 and elastic side walls 29. It contains in its interior elastic plates with embossed protuberances 24. The said plates are joined together in symmetrical pairs and sealed off. Complete or partial vacuum is produced in their interiors. The residual space 28 contains air or oil. In the event of unevenness in the ground the level can be accurately adjusted by means of an adjusting screw which is not shown in Figure 3 and with which the size of the residual volume 28 and thus the height of the insulating element 21 can be adjusted.
Figure 4 is based on the same principles as Figure 3. In addition it provides a means of vibration insulation in one or two horizontal directions as well as in a vertical direction. This is of advantage, for example, for the insulation of vibrations in respect of a moving base 33, as in vehicles and ships. The insulating element 31 consists, for instance, of a housing 31 with elastic walls 39, e.g. of rubber, and a base 35. This may contain, in the known manner, a height-adjusting device. A machine 32 to be insulated rests on the base 35. The interior contains metal plates joined together in pairs and having embossed protuberances 34. A complete or partial vacuum is produced in the vessels thus formed in the protuberances. The remaining space 38 containsair or oil.
Figures 5a and Sb are a plan view and a side view
respectively of an insulating element 41. It consists
of circular metal plates in which corrugations 44 are embossed in the radial direction. The individual
metal plates are arranged above one another in
layers in such a way that they rest against one
another by their ridge lines. Covering plates 47 are
provided at the top and at the bottom. The removal
of the air from the channel formed as a result of the
corrugations 44 is effected in a radial direction and
outwards. The corrugations 44 can be regarded, in
relation to the protuberances 4, 14, 24, and 34, as
single-dimension "protuberances" curbed in one
direction only. Corrugations of this type likewise have the property of a high-low-high elasticity characteristic.The elasticity is accordingly so designed that at the moment when the system is subjected to the basic load the elasticity constant is at the elasticity minimum.
The example shown in Figure 6 is comparable to that shown in Figure 5. The insulating element 51 consists of rectangular metal plates with corrugations 54. A number of metal plates are placed above one another in layers taking alternate directions. At the points of contact metal plates are welded together in order to prevent displacement. A system of this kind, like that of Figure 5, has a parabolic high-low-high elasticity characteristic. This is adjusted to ensure that at the moment when the system is subjected to the basic load the elasticity constant is at its minimum.
Figure 7 shows an insulating element 61 which can be used not only for vibration insulation but also for heat insulation. Such requirements arise, for example, in the insulation of floors and walls in the building industry. The insulating element consists of metal plates symmetrically joined together and having embossed protuberances 64. A Vacuum is produced in the spaces formed in the latter and the walls given a mirror coating. A number of metal plates are placed above one another in "staggered" layers. The intermediate space contains an elastic material 68, e.g. rubber or plastics. As a consequence of the heat insulation of the protuberances in which a vacuum has been produced the heat transmission path is correspondingly long, resulting in ample thermal insulation.
Figure 8 is a cross-section through an insulating element 71 in which individual metal plates 74 provided with embossed protuberances are connected to one another in series, from the point of view of force, by means of spacers 78. The elasticity constant acting between a machine 72 and a base 73 is obtained by adding together the elasticity constants of the individual protuberances 74. The arrangement of the metal plates 8 in layers in accordance with Figure 1, on the other hand, corresponds to a parallel connection with reciprocal addition theories.
Claims (27)
1. An insulating element for vibration insulation of articles, the insulating element comprising a layer of vibration-insulating material or a plurality of adjacent layers of vibration-insulating material, the or each layer having protuberances constructed and arranged in such a manner that a "high-low-high" characteristic is obtained for the elasticity constant of the vibration-insulating material, the minimum elasticity constant of the said material being predetermined in accordance with a load to be applied to the insulating element.
An insulating element according to Claim 1, wherein at least two said adjacent layers are present.
3. An insulating element according to Claim 1, or
Claim 2, wherein the protuberances are curved.
4. An insulating element according to any preceding claim, wherein the or each said layer has protuberances extending transversely of the plane of the layer.
5. An insulating element according to any preceding claim, wherein the or each said layer has protuberances extending in opposite directions.
6. An insulating element according to any preceding claim, wherein the or each said layer comprises a metal plate.
7. An insulating element according to any preceding claim, where the protuberances of the or each said layer extend away from the body of said layer to a distance which is up to 3 times the minimum thickness of said layer.
8. An insulating element according to any preceding claim, wherein the or each layer comprises a plate having embossed protuberances, each protuberance having a parabolic or semi-elliptical crosssection.
9. An insulating element according to Claim 8, wherein the or each layer has embossed protuberances opposite each other.
10. An insulating element according to Claim 9, wherein the or each layer has a series of opposed protuberances, each pair of opposed protuberances in said layer having a substantially circular or elliptical cross-section.
11. An insulating element according to any one of Claims 8 to 10, wherein adjacent protuberances of the or each layer are spaced apart by planar regions or regions of reduced thickness.
12. An insulating element according to any one of Claims 8 to 11, wherein the protuberances of the each or each layer are symmetrically aligned.
13. An insulating element according to any one of Claims 8 to 12, which has a plurality of said layers, the protuberances of adjacent layers being symmetrically arranged with respect to each other.
14. An insulating element according to Claim 13, wherein the protuberances of one layer are in contact with the protuberances of an adjacent layer.
15. An insulating element according to Claim 13, wherein the protuberances of one layer are spaced apart from the protuberances of an adjacent layer.
16. An insulating element according to any preceding claim, wherein the protuberances are hollow.
17. An insulating element according to Claim 16, wherein the protuberances are closed except for air apertures to prevent or minimise any spring-like action of air contained within the hollow protuberances.
18. An insulating element according to Claim 16, wherein the or each layer has a series of opposed protuberances, each pair of opposed protuberances in said layer defining a closed cavity.
19. An insulating element according to Claim 18, wherein each said closed cavity is under vacuum or reduced pressure.
20. An insulating element according to Claim 18 or Claim 19, wherein the or each said layer is accommodated in a closed container filled with air or oil.
21. An insulating element according to any preceding claim other than Claim 15, wherein there are a plurality of said layers and each layer constitutes a disc having corrugations disposed radially, the cor rugations of one layer being substantially in linear contact only with the corrugations of a contiguous layer.
22. An insulating element according to Claim 21, wherein the discs are of sheet metal.
23. An insulating element according to any one of Claims 1 to 20 other than Claim 15, wherein there are a plurality of said layers and each layer has substantially parallel corrugations, the layers being so arranged that the corrugations of one layer are transverse to the corrugations of a contiguous layer, the contiguous corrugations being interconnected at the points of contact.
24. An insulating element according to Claim 23, wherein the layers are rectangular metal plates.
25. An insulating element according to Claim 23 or Claim 24, wherein the contiguous corrugations are connected by welding.
26. An insulting element according to any preceding claim, wherein the or each said layer is accommodated in a housing closed by one or more elastic walls.
27. An insulating element for vibration insulation of articles substantially as herein described with reference to Figures la - dor any one of Figures 2 to 4 or Figures 5a and b or any one of Figures 6 to 8 of the accompanying drawings.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19782838737 DE2838737A1 (en) | 1978-09-06 | 1978-09-06 | DAMPING ELEMENT FOR VIBRATION INSULATION |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| GB2029546A true GB2029546A (en) | 1980-03-19 |
Family
ID=6048749
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB7928265A Withdrawn GB2029546A (en) | 1978-09-06 | 1979-08-14 | Vibration isolating element |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE2838737A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2435631A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2029546A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT7925487A0 (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0110233A2 (en) * | 1982-11-29 | 1984-06-13 | INDUSTRIE PIRELLI S.p.A. | Shock-absorbing device |
| GB2172966A (en) * | 1985-03-27 | 1986-10-01 | Ford Motor Co | Reduction of noise emission |
| WO1998032658A1 (en) * | 1997-01-29 | 1998-07-30 | Centre National D'etudes Spatiales | Device for suspension of a payload in a space launch |
| CN111998030A (en) * | 2020-09-17 | 2020-11-27 | 江西大杰科技产业有限公司 | Automobile top rubber with good vibration reduction effect |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3227210A1 (en) * | 1982-07-21 | 1984-01-26 | Horst Ing.(grad.) 4005 Meerbusch Knäbel | HYDRAULIC DELAY DEVICE |
| DE3703483A1 (en) * | 1987-02-05 | 1988-08-18 | Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm | VIBRATION INSULATOR |
| DE19509485C1 (en) * | 1995-03-16 | 1996-05-15 | Daimler Benz Ag | Vibration insulator with coupled positive and negative spring constants |
| DE102013207931A1 (en) * | 2013-04-30 | 2014-10-30 | Wobben Properties Gmbh | Synchronous generator stator and synchronous generator |
| CN108381277A (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2018-08-10 | 泉州市泉港凯威信息技术咨询有限公司 | A kind of damping, buffering pedestal |
| AU2018250921A1 (en) | 2017-04-13 | 2019-11-21 | Rheinmetall Protection Systems Gmbh | Shock-absorbing seat comprising floor- or ceiling-mounted damping members |
-
1978
- 1978-09-06 DE DE19782838737 patent/DE2838737A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1979
- 1979-08-08 FR FR7920337A patent/FR2435631A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1979-08-14 GB GB7928265A patent/GB2029546A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1979-09-05 IT IT7925487A patent/IT7925487A0/en unknown
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0110233A2 (en) * | 1982-11-29 | 1984-06-13 | INDUSTRIE PIRELLI S.p.A. | Shock-absorbing device |
| EP0110233A3 (en) * | 1982-11-29 | 1985-04-17 | INDUSTRIE PIRELLI S.p.A. | Shock-absorbing device |
| GB2172966A (en) * | 1985-03-27 | 1986-10-01 | Ford Motor Co | Reduction of noise emission |
| WO1998032658A1 (en) * | 1997-01-29 | 1998-07-30 | Centre National D'etudes Spatiales | Device for suspension of a payload in a space launch |
| FR2758791A1 (en) * | 1997-01-29 | 1998-07-31 | Centre Nat Etd Spatiales | DEVICE FOR SUSPENDING A CHARGE USEFUL IN A SPACE LAUNCHER |
| US6244541B1 (en) | 1997-01-29 | 2001-06-12 | Centre National D'etudes Spatiales | Device for suspension of a payload in a space launch |
| CN111998030A (en) * | 2020-09-17 | 2020-11-27 | 江西大杰科技产业有限公司 | Automobile top rubber with good vibration reduction effect |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| IT7925487A0 (en) | 1979-09-05 |
| FR2435631A1 (en) | 1980-04-04 |
| DE2838737A1 (en) | 1980-03-20 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| WAP | Application withdrawn, taken to be withdrawn or refused ** after publication under section 16(1) |