ES2680912B1 - Fire extinguishing system and procedure in all types of buildings and enclosures - Google Patents
Fire extinguishing system and procedure in all types of buildings and enclosures Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- ES2680912B1 ES2680912B1 ES201700236A ES201700236A ES2680912B1 ES 2680912 B1 ES2680912 B1 ES 2680912B1 ES 201700236 A ES201700236 A ES 201700236A ES 201700236 A ES201700236 A ES 201700236A ES 2680912 B1 ES2680912 B1 ES 2680912B1
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- extinguishing
- gas
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- building
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C35/00—Permanently-installed equipment
- A62C35/02—Permanently-installed equipment with containers for delivering the extinguishing substance
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
- A62B15/00—Installations affording protection against poisonous or injurious substances, e.g. with separate breathing apparatus
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
- A62C3/02—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places for area conflagrations, e.g. forest fires, subterranean fires
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- A62C99/0009—Methods of extinguishing or preventing the spread of fire by cooling down or suffocating the flames
- A62C99/0018—Methods of extinguishing or preventing the spread of fire by cooling down or suffocating the flames using gases or vapours that do not support combustion, e.g. steam, carbon dioxide
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Pulmonology (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)
- Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)
Description
DESCRIPCIÓNDESCRIPTION
Sistema y procedimiento de extinción de incendios en todo tipo de edificios y recintos cerrados.Fire extinguishing system and procedure in all types of buildings and enclosures.
Campo de la invenciónField of the invention
En extinción de incendios en viviendas, locales, naves y recintos cerrados.In extinguishing fires in homes, premises, warehouses and enclosures.
Objetivo de la invención y ventajasObjective of the invention and advantages
Realizar la extinción añadiendo gases incombustibles que sofocan los incendios de forma sencilla rápida y eficientemente.Perform extinction by adding incombustible gases that suffocate fires quickly and efficiently.
Estado de la técnicaState of the art
Los sistemas de extinción actuales son costosos, lentos o poco efectivos. La presente invención soluciona dicho problema efectuando la extinción cuando se realiza en locales cerrados.Existing extinguishing systems are expensive, slow or ineffective. The present invention solves said problem by effecting extinction when performed in closed premises.
Problema a resolverProblem to solve
Los incendios son difíciles de apagar o el apagado se realiza con lentitud en los edificios, locales comerciales, naves, fábricas y demás recintos cerrados.Fires are difficult to extinguish or the shutdown is carried out slowly in buildings, commercial premises, warehouses, factories and other enclosures.
En lo sucesivo y salvo algunos casos especiales, se utilizará solamente la palabra edificios para definir éstos, los locales comerciales, fábricas y recintos cerrados.In the future and except for some special cases, only the word buildings will be used to define these, the commercial premises, factories and enclosures.
Descripción de la invenciónDescription of the invention
El sistema y procedimiento de extinción de incendios en todo tipo de edificios de la invención, se realiza con tres métodos de extinción utilizando: a) El fluido extintor almacenado en botellas en los propios edificios distribuyéndolo con la correspondiente instalación a las distintas plantas de los mismos, b) Insuflando el fluido extintor a las distintas plantas de los edificios, y de forma selectiva, mediante un vehículo que lo transporta y lo acopla a la instalación de las correspondientes plantas de los mismos y c) Introduciendo el fluido extintor por las distintas ventanas de los edificios mediante una manguera elevada y dirigida a las mismas.The fire extinguishing system and procedure in all types of buildings of the invention is carried out with three extinction methods using: a) The extinguishing fluid stored in bottles in the buildings themselves, distributing it with the corresponding installation to the different floors of the same. , b) Insuflating the extinguishing fluid to the different floors of the buildings, and selectively, by means of a vehicle that transports it and connects it to the installation of the corresponding plants of the same and c) Introducing the extinguishing fluid through the different windows of the the buildings by means of a raised hose and directed to them.
Se puede aplicar nitrógeno, o aire al cual se le ha eliminado el oxígeno mediante combustión con materiales residuales o de desecho industrial, vegetales, arbustos, residuos agrícolas y demás maleza del campo. Con lo cual el gas obtenido resulta de muy bajo coste, tan solo el gasto producido al comprimir dicho gas en botellas. Debe ser filtrado de partículas sólidas. También se pueden comprimir gases producto de la combustión de alcohol, hidrógeno o gas natural. Suministrándolo en botellas, cisternas o produciendo dichos gases con los vehículos apropiados con quemadores en el lugar del incendio. La temperatura se puede reducir mezclando con otros gases licuados, con un intercambiador de calor o con un gran fan.Nitrogen can be applied, or air to which the oxygen has been eliminated by combustion with waste materials or industrial waste, vegetables, shrubs, agricultural residues and other weeds in the field. With this, the gas obtained results from a very low cost, only the expense produced when compressing said gas in bottles. It must be filtered out of solid particles. Gases produced by the combustion of alcohol, hydrogen or natural gas can also be compressed. Supplying it in bottles, tanks or producing said gases with the appropriate vehicles with burners in the place of the fire. The temperature can be reduced by mixing with other liquefied gases, with a heat exchanger or with a large fan.
Las botellas portan como gases o fluido extintor comprimido:The bottles carry as gases or compressed extinguishing fluid:
- Alcohol quemado (C02 Vapor de agua). Se puede eliminar este último.- Burned alcohol (C02 Water vapor). The latter can be eliminated.
- Gases producto de la combustión de todo tipo de celulosa procedente de arbustos y desechos agrícolas, e industriales (dichos gases son ricos en N2 y CO2). - Gases produced by the combustion of all types of cellulose from bushes and agricultural and industrial wastes (these gases are rich in N2 and CO2).
- N2- N2
- CO2- CO2
Los vehículos extintores de los edificios, pueden producir el gas in situ o pueden portar embotellados los productos de combustión con el aire de los siguientes combustibles: - Alcohol The extinguishing vehicles of the buildings, can produce the gas in situ or they can carry the products of combustion bottled with the air of the following fuels: - Alcohol
- H2- H2
- Gas natural.- Natural gas.
El gas natural produce muchos menos componentes tóxicos de CO2, NO, NO2 y SO2 que el resto de los hidrocarburos de mayor densidad. Éstos y en especial el CO2, son los elementos que más intervienen en la lluvia ácida. El gas natural como cualquier otro combustible produce CO2; sin embargo, debido a la alta proporción de hidrógeno-carbono de sus moléculas, sus emisiones son un 40-50% menores que las del carbón y un 25-30% menores que las del fueloil.Natural gas produces much less toxic components of CO2, NO, NO2 and SO2 than the rest of the higher density hydrocarbons. These and especially CO2, are the elements that most intervene in acid rain. Natural gas, like any other fuel, produces CO2; However, due to the high hydrogen-carbon content of its molecules, its emissions are 40-50% lower than those of coal and 25-30% lower than those of fuel oil.
El edificio puede almacenar las botellas con los productos extintores de bajo coste, o bien disponen de una instalación por la cual se distribuyen los mismos a los distintas plantas o lugares involucrados.The building can store the bottles with low-cost extinguishing products, or they have an installation through which they are distributed to the different plants or places involved.
El sistema puede utilizar una manguera liviana de peso, la cual con la presión del gas extintor suministrado por el vehículo y un telemando, se eleva recta mediante unos giróscopos que porta en la cabeza o tobera de salida que la estabiliza y dirige hasta una ventana del edificio la cual se golpea y rompen los cristales para introducir y descargar el producto extintor.The system can use a light hose of weight, which with the pressure of the extinguishing gas supplied by the vehicle and a remote control, rises straight by means of gyroscopes that it carries in the head or exit nozzle that stabilizes it and directs it to a window of the building which hits and breaks the glass to introduce and discharge the extinguishing product.
En todos los casos es conveniente utilizar las habitaciones o cámaras estancas de seguridad como refugio mientras se sofoca o apaga el incendio, o bien se utilizan unas mascarillas que comunican con el exterior del edificio y facilitan la respiración con aire puro del exterior. Puede utilizarse botellas de aire comprimido durante la emergencia.In all cases, it is advisable to use the rooms or watertight safety chambers as a refuge while suffocating or extinguishing the fire, or using masks that communicate with the exterior of the building and facilitate breathing with fresh air from the outside. Compressed air bottles can be used during the emergency.
Un sistema de aviso acústico y luminoso avisa especialmente a los ocupantes del humo o fuego, así como del peligroso uso de gases irrespirables. Los cuales no podrán descargarse si el personal no ha desalojado el edificio o si no están usando los refugios o las mascarillas adecuadamente.An acoustic and light warning system warns occupants especially of smoke or fire, as well as the dangerous use of unbreathable gases. They can not be downloaded if the staff has not vacated the building or if they are not using the shelters or masks properly.
Es especialmente útil en comercios, locales, naves, etc., de noche o en las horas en que están cerrados, donde solo se pueden encontrar vigilantes o guardas.It is especially useful in shops, stores, warehouses, etc., at night or in the hours when they are closed, where only watchmen or guards can be found.
Breve descripción de los dibujosBRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
La figura 1 muestra una vista esquematizada y en perspectiva de un edificio con el sistema de la invención.Figure 1 shows a schematic and perspective view of a building with the system of the invention.
La figura 2 muestra una vista esquematizada y en perspectiva de un edificio con una variante de aplicación del sistema de extinción.Figure 2 shows a schematic and perspective view of a building with an application variant of the extinguishing system.
La figura 3 muestra una vista esquematizada y en perspectiva de un edificio con una variante de aplicación del sistema de extinción. Figure 3 shows a schematic and perspective view of a building with an application variant of the extinguishing system.
La figura 4 muestra una vista esquematizada y en perspectiva de un edificio con un sistema de respiración.Figure 4 shows a schematic and perspective view of a building with a breathing system.
La figura 5 muestra una vista esquematizada y parcial de un edificio con un sistema de respiración.Figure 5 shows a schematic and partial view of a building with a breathing system.
Descripción más detallada de la invenciónMORE DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
La figura 1 muestra un grupo de botellas de gas extintor a presión (1) y la instalación de distribución (2) a las distintas plantas del edificio (10).Figure 1 shows a group of pressurized gas extinguisher bottles (1) and the distribution system (2) to the different floors of the building (10).
La figura 2 muestra un grupo de cisternas o vehículos suministradores del gas extintor (3), el conducto o manguera (4) de aplicación al edificio (10) y la instalación de distribución (2) a las distintas plantas del mismo.Figure 2 shows a group of tanks or vehicles supplying the extinguishing gas (3), the pipe or hose (4) for application to the building (10) and the distribution installation (2) to the different floors of the same.
La figura 3 muestra un vehículo extintor (3) que utiliza una manguera liviana de peso, la cual con la presión del gas extintor suministrado por el vehículo, se eleva recta y mediante unos giróscopos que porta en la cabeza o tobera de salida de gases, se actúa sobre unas válvulas que dirigen tres o más chorros de gas hacia abajo y los controla estabilizando dicha tobera o cabeza de la manguera y la dirige controlada desde tierra con un telemando hasta una ventana del edificio. Con la cual se golpea y rompen los cristales para introducir y descargar el producto extintor. Los chorros de aire son iguales, excepto cuando se produce una inclinación en cuyo caso es detectado por los giróscopos y manda señales a las válvulas las cuales varían el flujo de aire para que se produzca la corrección. Esto también se consigue enviando señales con el telemando.Figure 3 shows an extinguishing vehicle (3) that uses a light weight hose, which with the pressure of the extinguishing gas supplied by the vehicle, rises straight and by means of gyroscopes that it carries in the head or exhaust nozzle, it acts on valves that direct three or more jets of gas downwards and controls them by stabilizing said nozzle or head of the hose and directs it controlled from the ground with a remote control to a window of the building. With which the glass is hit and broken to introduce and discharge the extinguishing product. The air jets are the same, except when an inclination occurs in which case it is detected by the gyroscopes and sends signals to the valves which vary the air flow for correction to occur. This is also achieved by sending signals with the remote control.
La figura 4 muestra un edificio (10) en el cual existen en cada una de las plantas una o más habitaciones o cámaras estancas de seguridad (8, 8a) que se pueden utilizar como refugio en caso de humo, fuego o incendio. Éstas pueden portar unos conductos que conectan con el exterior del edificio para proporcionar aire descontaminado, e incluso aplicar mascarillas como en la figura (5). También pueden acoplarse a una instalación similar a la de la figura 2, por la cual en este caso se aplicaría aire sin contaminar.Figure 4 shows a building (10) in which there are in each of the floors one or more rooms or watertight safety chambers (8, 8a) that can be used as a shelter in case of smoke, fire or fire. These can carry ducts that connect to the outside of the building to provide decontaminated air, and even apply masks as in figure (5). They can also be coupled to an installation similar to that of Figure 2, by which in this case air would be applied without contamination.
La figura 5 muestra un usuario utilizando una mascarilla (9), cuyo conducto (9a) sale al exterior del edificio (10) a través de la pared o una ventana. En el extremo porta un filtro (9b). Figure 5 shows a user using a mask (9), whose duct (9a) comes out of the building (10) through the wall or a window. At the end it carries a filter (9b).
Claims (14)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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ES201700236A ES2680912B1 (en) | 2017-03-07 | 2017-03-07 | Fire extinguishing system and procedure in all types of buildings and enclosures |
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Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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ES201700236A ES2680912B1 (en) | 2017-03-07 | 2017-03-07 | Fire extinguishing system and procedure in all types of buildings and enclosures |
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ES2680912A1 ES2680912A1 (en) | 2018-09-11 |
ES2680912B1 true ES2680912B1 (en) | 2019-06-20 |
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Family Cites Families (7)
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US2586469A (en) * | 1943-03-16 | 1952-02-19 | Brevets Aero Mecaniques | Gyroscopic stabilizing apparatus |
US4077349A (en) * | 1976-06-14 | 1978-03-07 | Paul William A | Line boy |
JP2002350095A (en) * | 2001-05-28 | 2002-12-04 | Hiroshi Katakura | Lifeline-throwing appliance |
JP2004175123A (en) * | 2002-11-22 | 2004-06-24 | Masaaki Kimura | Hovercraft |
KR100772333B1 (en) * | 2006-02-11 | 2007-11-01 | 주식회사 엠앤엘 | The pressure detection and control unit of no-contact air levitation transport device |
ES1073690Y (en) * | 2010-04-27 | 2011-04-25 | L P G Tecn En Extincion De Incendios S L | DISPOSAL OF EXTINGUISHING GAS CONTAINER BOTTLES FOR FIRE EXTINGUISHING FACILITIES |
US9546855B2 (en) * | 2012-05-30 | 2017-01-17 | Line Launcher Holdings Limited | Line delivery apparatus |
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