EP3928339B1 - High-voltage circuit breaker system - Google Patents
High-voltage circuit breaker system Download PDFInfo
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- EP3928339B1 EP3928339B1 EP20707002.0A EP20707002A EP3928339B1 EP 3928339 B1 EP3928339 B1 EP 3928339B1 EP 20707002 A EP20707002 A EP 20707002A EP 3928339 B1 EP3928339 B1 EP 3928339B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- crankshaft
- circuit breaker
- movement
- voltage circuit
- rotation
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- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 46
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004606 Fillers/Extenders Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910018503 SF6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- IYRWEQXVUNLMAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoroketone group Chemical group FC(=O)F IYRWEQXVUNLMAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- SFZCNBIFKDRMGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur hexafluoride Chemical compound FS(F)(F)(F)(F)F SFZCNBIFKDRMGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000909 sulfur hexafluoride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
- H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/02—Details
- H01H33/42—Driving mechanisms
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
- H01H3/32—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
- H01H3/32—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts
- H01H3/42—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts using cam or eccentric
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
- H01H3/32—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts
- H01H3/46—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts using rod or lever linkage, e.g. toggle
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/02—Details
- H01H33/28—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
- H01H3/22—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism
- H01H3/30—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using spring motor
- H01H2003/3094—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using spring motor allowing an opening - closing - opening [OCO] sequence
Definitions
- the invention relates to a high-voltage circuit-breaker system according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
- So-called short circuit breakers are defined for fault clearance in high and extra-high voltage networks, i.e. at voltages over 110 kilovolts in overhead lines. If a short-circuit is caused, for example, by a falling tree, a falling branch or a large bird, the switch interrupts the short-circuit current within a very short time. The circuit breaker switches off in a time of approx. 300 milliseconds and thus separates the area in which the short circuit occurs from the rest of the network. Since short circuits of this type often regenerate themselves, for example because the element causing the short circuit has burned off, the circuit breaker is closed again after a defined time, which is generally less than one second. If it is determined that the short circuit no longer occurs, the circuit breaker remains closed.
- the switch must be opened again very quickly, i.e. also within approx. 300 milliseconds, in order to prevent further damage to the network. This opening then remains stationary for the time being until the cause has been remedied manually.
- Such functionality which usually corresponds to the specifications of the network operator, is called open-close-open functionality, abbreviated O-C-O.
- the object of the invention is to provide a circuit breaker system for a high-voltage application which has the open-close-open functionality and, compared to the prior art, has a technically less complex and compact drive system for a number of circuit breakers.
- the high-voltage circuit breaker system according to the invention with an auto-reclosing function which results in an opening, closing and reopening movement of a contact system, comprises precisely this contact system which is mechanically connected to a drive system.
- the drive system has a drive assembly.
- the drive system also includes a drive shaft, which is designed in the form of a crankshaft. This crankshaft is connected to a moving contact of the contact system via a connecting rod.
- the invention is characterized in that the cycle of the opening, closing and renewed opening movement of the contact system takes place through a unidirectional rotary movement of the crankshaft.
- the advantage of the invention is that a drive unit performs the required opening, closing and further opening process via the crankshaft in a unidirectional rotary movement during one revolution of a shaft can.
- This construction makes it possible to use simple drive units, such as electric motors or spiral springs. This significantly reduces the technical effort involved in constructing the drive unit. Due to the reduced technical complexity, the corresponding drive units can also be made more cost-effective.
- a crankshaft is a shaft with one or more cranks that describe an eccentric rotary movement with respect to the axis of rotation of the shaft.
- a push rod or connecting rod may be attached to the cranks, thereby converting rotational movement of the crankshaft into translational movement.
- a crank can be a conventional elongated lever, but a crank can also be designed in the form of an extender disk.
- An auto-reclosing function of a circuit breaker is, in the event of a short circuit, to open the power line for a short time, on the order of less than half a second, to short it out again for a similar period of time, after which it is possible to check whether a short circuit is still present, and to open it again , if there is still a short circuit. Should the short circuit clear during the first interrupt interval, the circuit breaker will remain in the closed position.
- mechanically connected means that there is a mechanical connection for the transmission of a force, an impulse or an action between two systems, for example via movable connections such as bearings or joints, but also via fixed connections such as material or non-positive connections or from combinations of movable and fixed connections.
- the crankshaft is designed in such a way that, starting from a closed position of the contact system to an open position of the contact system, a unidirectional rotary movement is performed, which is between 150° and 210° with respect to its axis of rotation.
- a rotary movement of 180° between the closed position and the open position is advantageous. Due to geometrical requirements and taking into account opening and closing times, the optimum rotational movement for the opening process can be in a range that deviates from 180°, that is between 150° and 210°.
- the crankshaft is designed in such a way that for the cycle of opening, closing and renewed opening movement of the contact system, a unidirectional rotary movement is performed with respect to the axis of rotation of the crankshaft, which is between 350° and 360° plus 10°.
- a unidirectional rotary movement is performed with respect to the axis of rotation of the crankshaft, which is between 350° and 360° plus 10°.
- an increased or reduced contact pressure between contacts of the contact system can, for example, be implemented by over-rotation or under-rotation, that is to say 10° less than 360° or 10° more than 360°.
- the crankshaft is preferably designed in such a way that a crank pin which is eccentric with respect to the axis of rotation is arranged on a crank and describes a circular movement about the axis of rotation of the crankshaft during the rotary movement of the crankshaft. It is also useful that this crank pin is aligned parallel to the axis of rotation. Furthermore, the crank pin can be surrounded by a plain bearing of the connecting rod, thus ensuring the transmission of power and the conversion of the rotary movement into a translatory movement.
- the crankshaft has at least three cranks, which has the advantage that a number of circuit breakers can be operated simultaneously by a drive shaft, ie by the crankshaft and by a drive.
- the term three cranks means that at least three pins are present, each of which is surrounded by a pair of cranks and rotate at an eccentric distance from the axis of rotation of the crankshaft.
- crank and pair of cranks have equivalent meanings, since when using more than one crank or pair of cranks and a rotational movement of almost or more than 360°, pairs of cranks are inevitably required in order not to block the rotational movement of the connecting rod.
- cranks or pairs of cranks have different rotational directions with respect to the axis of rotation of the crankshaft.
- the first crank or the first pair of cranks preferably points in one direction
- the second pair of cranks points in a second direction, which is offset in the order of 180° to the first crank.
- the third crank again preferably points in the direction of the first crank.
- three circuit breakers can be operated by a common crankshaft and a common drive. It is also possible to move the circuit breakers closer to one another due to the offset design of the cranks, since they are arranged offset, which results in a roughly triangular arrangement of the circuit breakers. In this way, a great deal of installation space can be saved when accommodating the circuit breakers.
- FIG. 1 1 is a schematic representation of a high voltage circuit breaker system having a contact system 4 arranged in a housing 42.
- the housing 42 is basically designed to be gas-tight; an insulating gas can be present inside the housing, which can be, for example, sulfur hexafluoride or a fluoroketone or a fluoronitrile. However, the insulating gas can also be synthetic, cleaned air.
- the circuit breaker 2 can also include a vacuum tube.
- the contact system 4 has a fixed contact 44 and a moving contact 14 .
- the moving contact 14 is connected to a contact bolt 40 which in turn is mechanically connected to a crankshaft 10 via a connecting rod 12 .
- the push rod 12 can be designed, for example, in the form of a conventional connecting rod.
- the connecting rod 12 has a sliding bearing 38 or 40 at each of its ends, with the sliding bearing 38 being fastened to a pin 34 which is part of the crankshaft 10 .
- the journal 34 is framed by two cranks 32 which bring about the eccentric arrangement of the journal 34 from an axis of rotation 30 of the crankshaft 10 .
- the crankshaft 10 in turn is part of a drive system 6 which includes a drive unit 8 in addition to the crankshaft 10 .
- Various drive technologies can be used for the drive unit 8 .
- an electric motor can ensure the drive, but spiral springs can also be used.
- the crankshaft 10 is supported in bearings 48 .
- the drive unit 8 is designed in such a way that it moves in a direction of rotation 16 so that the crankshaft 10 also performs a unidirectional rotary movement along the arrow 16 . If this rotary movement 16 about the axis of rotation 30 of the crankshaft 10 takes place once by 360°, this leads to the results as shown in FIGS figures 2 , 3 and 4 is shown, first to an opening movement along the arrow 20 according to figure 2 , wherein for the maximum opening width of the contact system 4, ie the maximum movement of the moving contact 4, a 180° rotary movement of the crankshaft 10 along the direction of rotation 16 takes place.
- a tripping unit (not shown here) gives the signal for a further 180° movement of the crankshaft 10, as per FIG figure 4 along the arrow 24 means a further opening movement.
- the cycle which includes an opening, closing and reopening process, is completed.
- the high-voltage circuit breaker 2 initially remains open at this point.
- this cycle is illustrated schematically along a time axis. At the time before and at time T 0 there is no short circuit or any other confirmation of the network, so that the high-voltage circuit breaker 2 is closed in its basic position.
- the switch is switched back to normal figure 3 closed, this is present at time T 2 . If the event causing the short circuit is still present, there is a further opening movement up to time T 3 , according to FIG figure 4 .
- FIG 5 a circuit breaker system 2 is shown in which three circuit breakers 3 are arranged next to one another and are jointly driven by a drive system 6 .
- the crankshaft 10 according to figure 5 has three cranks 32 which are each connected to a circuit breaker 3 .
- the three circuit breakers 3 are switches for the individual phases of a power grid, which can be used to switch in the circuit breaker system 2 with a drive system 6 at the same time.
- the processes of the rotary movement along the arrow 16 correspond to what is described with reference to FIGS.
- FIG 6 an analog circuit breaker system 2 is shown, which basically carries out the same movement sequences as is already the case with regard to the Figures 1 to 4 is described.
- the system 2 differs in the shape of the crankshaft 10, the crank 32 of the crankshaft 10 being designed in the form of an eccentric disk and being arranged at one end of the crankshaft 10.
- the crank pin 34 is arranged on the crank 32 in the form of an eccentric disc without a counter bearing in a second crank.
- FIG. 8 a cross section through a crankshaft 10 in the area of the crank pin 34 between two cranks 32 is shown. It is shown how the slide bearing 38, which in turn is connected to a push rod 12, is arranged around the crank pin 34. It is in figure 8 also evident how the crank pin 34 describes a rotational movement 36 eccentrically to the axis of rotation 30 and can complete a unidirectional rotation of initially 360° for opening and closing and then, if necessary, by a further 180°.
- the end of the push rod 12, which is provided with a further slide bearing (see FIG. 1, reference number 46), is in engagement with the contact pin 40, which is not shown in detail here.
- Such a circuit breaker system also has a contact system 4', which includes a fixed contact 44' and a moving contact 14', which in turn is operatively connected to a contact pin 40'.
- the contact system 4' is surrounded by a housing 42'.
- the cycle opening-closing and reopening which is illustrated by the arrows 20', 22', is designed by a complex spring mechanism, with two spring accumulators 50-I and 50-II via a Rocker arms 52 are connected, which is shown here very schematically.
- the rocker arm 52 has the effect that when the contact system 4' is opened, a spring-loaded accumulator 50-I is relieved and, in return, the spring-loaded accumulator 50-II is tensioned. This process is reversed with a further opening or closing movement.
- This is an extremely complex mechanical arrangement that can be implemented alternatively by the technically simpler embodiment of the crankshaft 10 described.
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- Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
- Mechanisms For Operating Contacts (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Hochspannungs-Leistungsschaltersystem nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to a high-voltage circuit-breaker system according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
Für die Fehlerklärung in Hoch- und Höchstspannungsnetzen, also bei Spannungen über 110 Kilovolt in Freileitungen sind sogenannte Kurzunterbrecher definiert. Sollte ein Kurzschluss beispielsweise durch einen umfallenden Baum, einen herabfallenden Ast oder durch einen großen Vogel hervorgerufen werden, kommt es innerhalb von kürzester Zeit durch den Schalter zu einer Unterbrechung des Kurzschlussstromes. Der Leistungsschalter schaltet dabei in einer Zeit von ca. 300 Millisekunden ab und trennt somit den Bereich, in dem der Kurzschluss auftritt, vom übrigen Netz. Da sich derartige Kurzschlüsse häufig selbst regenerieren, da beispielsweise das den Kurzschluss erzeugende Element abgebrannt ist, wird nach einer definierten Zeit, die in der Regel weniger als eine Sekunde beträgt, der Leistungsschalter wieder geschlossen. Wird dabei festgestellt, dass der Kurzschluss nicht mehr auftritt, bleibt der Leistungsschalter geschlossen. Sollte der Kurzschluss immer noch bestehen, muss in sehr kurzer Zeit, also ebenfalls in ca. 300 Millisekunden, der Schalter wieder geöffnet werden, um weitere Schäden am Netz zu verhindern. Diese Öffnung bleibt dann vorerst stationär, bis die Ursache manuell behoben ist. Eine derartige Funktionalität, die in der Regel den Vorgaben des Netzbetreibers entspricht, nennt man Open-Close-Open-Funktionalität, abgekürzt O-C-O.So-called short circuit breakers are defined for fault clearance in high and extra-high voltage networks, i.e. at voltages over 110 kilovolts in overhead lines. If a short-circuit is caused, for example, by a falling tree, a falling branch or a large bird, the switch interrupts the short-circuit current within a very short time. The circuit breaker switches off in a time of approx. 300 milliseconds and thus separates the area in which the short circuit occurs from the rest of the network. Since short circuits of this type often regenerate themselves, for example because the element causing the short circuit has burned off, the circuit breaker is closed again after a defined time, which is generally less than one second. If it is determined that the short circuit no longer occurs, the circuit breaker remains closed. If the short-circuit persists, the switch must be opened again very quickly, i.e. also within approx. 300 milliseconds, in order to prevent further damage to the network. This opening then remains stationary for the time being until the cause has been remedied manually. Such functionality, which usually corresponds to the specifications of the network operator, is called open-close-open functionality, abbreviated O-C-O.
Herkömmliche Leistungsschalter im Hochspannungsnetz haben für diese O-C-O-Funktionalität Federspeicherantriebe, durch die ein Ein- und wieder Ausschalten realisiert werden kann. Dabei wird bei der Schalthandlung jeweils ein Federspeicher ausgelöst und der andere Federspeicher dabei gespannt, bei der nächsten Schalthandlung wird dieser Auslöse-Spannvorgang umgekehrt. Diese Bauart ist zwar weit etabliert, ihre Umsetzung bedarf jedoch jeweils eines relativ hohen mechanischen Aufwandes. Außerdem ist der Auslösemechanismus für jede Öffnungs- bzw. Schließhandlung technisch komplex. Aus der
Die Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht darin, einen Leistungsschaltersystem für eine Hochspannungsanwendung bereitzustellen, der die Open-Close-Open-Funktionalität aufweist, und dabei gegenüber dem Stand der Technik ein technisch weniger aufwendiges und kompaktes Antriebssystem für mehrere Leistungsschalter aufweist.The object of the invention is to provide a circuit breaker system for a high-voltage application which has the open-close-open functionality and, compared to the prior art, has a technically less complex and compact drive system for a number of circuit breakers.
Die Lösung der Aufgabe besteht in einem Hochspannungs-Leistungsschaltersystem mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1.The solution to the problem consists in a high-voltage circuit breaker system with the features of patent claim 1.
Der erfindungsgemäße Hochspannungs-Leistungsschaltersystem mit einer Kurzunterbrecherfunktion, die in einer Öffnungs-, Schließ- und erneuten Öffnungsbewegung eines Kontaktsystems resultiert, umfasst eben dieses Kontaktsystem, das mit einem Antriebssystem mechanisch in Verbindung steht. Dabei weist das Antriebssystem ein Antriebsaggregat auf. Neben dem Antriebsaggregat umfasst das Antriebssystem ferner eine Antriebswelle, die in Form einer Kurbelwelle ausgestaltet ist. Diese Kurbelwelle ist über eine Schubstange mit einem Bewegkontakt des Kontaktsystems verbunden. Ferner zeichnet sich die Erfindung dadurch aus, dass der Zyklus der Öffnungs-, Schließ- und erneuten Öffnungsbewegung des Kontaktsystems durch eine unidirektionale Drehbewegung der Kurbelwelle erfolgt.The high-voltage circuit breaker system according to the invention with an auto-reclosing function, which results in an opening, closing and reopening movement of a contact system, comprises precisely this contact system which is mechanically connected to a drive system. The drive system has a drive assembly. In addition to the drive unit, the drive system also includes a drive shaft, which is designed in the form of a crankshaft. This crankshaft is connected to a moving contact of the contact system via a connecting rod. Furthermore, the invention is characterized in that the cycle of the opening, closing and renewed opening movement of the contact system takes place through a unidirectional rotary movement of the crankshaft.
Im Gegenzug zu den herkömmlich verwendeten Federspeicherantrieben besteht der Vorteil der Erfindung darin, dass über die Kurbelwelle eine Antriebseinheit in einer unidirektionalen Drehbewegung bei einer Umdrehung einer Welle den geforderten Öffnungs-, Schließ- und weiteren Öffnungsvorgang vollziehen kann. Durch diese Konstruktion ist es möglich, einfache Antriebsaggregate in Anwendung zu bringen, beispielsweise Elektromotoren oder Spiralfedern. Dies reduziert den technischen Aufwand bei der Konstruktion der Antriebseinheit erheblich. Durch den reduzierten technischen Aufwand lassen sich die entsprechenden Antriebseinheiten auch kostengünstiger darstellen.In contrast to the spring-loaded drives conventionally used, the advantage of the invention is that a drive unit performs the required opening, closing and further opening process via the crankshaft in a unidirectional rotary movement during one revolution of a shaft can. This construction makes it possible to use simple drive units, such as electric motors or spiral springs. This significantly reduces the technical effort involved in constructing the drive unit. Due to the reduced technical complexity, the corresponding drive units can also be made more cost-effective.
Eine Kurbelwelle ist eine Welle mit einer oder mehreren Kurbeln, die bezüglich einer Drehachse der Welle eine exzentrische Drehbewegung beschreiben. An den Kurbeln kann eine Schubstange oder Pleuelstange befestigt sein, wodurch eine Drehbewegung der Kurbelwelle in eine translatorische Bewegung umgewandelt wird. Eine Kurbel kann ein herkömmlicher länglicher Hebel sein, eine Kurbel kann aber auch in Form einer Extenderscheibe ausgestaltet sein.A crankshaft is a shaft with one or more cranks that describe an eccentric rotary movement with respect to the axis of rotation of the shaft. A push rod or connecting rod may be attached to the cranks, thereby converting rotational movement of the crankshaft into translational movement. A crank can be a conventional elongated lever, but a crank can also be designed in the form of an extender disk.
Eine Kurzunterbrecherfunktion eines Leistungsschalters besteht darin, bei einem Kurzschluss die Stromleitung für kurze Zeit, in der Größenordnung von weniger als einer halben Sekunde zu öffnen, sie für einen ähnlichen Zeitraum wieder kurzzuschließen, worauf eine Überprüfung eines noch vorliegenden Kurzschlusses möglich ist und erneut wieder zu öffnen, falls noch ein Kurzschluss anliegt. Sollte sich der Kurzschluss während des ersten Unterbrecherintervalls behoben haben, so bleibt der Leistungsschalter in der geschlossenen Position stehen.An auto-reclosing function of a circuit breaker is, in the event of a short circuit, to open the power line for a short time, on the order of less than half a second, to short it out again for a similar period of time, after which it is possible to check whether a short circuit is still present, and to open it again , if there is still a short circuit. Should the short circuit clear during the first interrupt interval, the circuit breaker will remain in the closed position.
Unter dem Begriff mechanisch in Verbindung stehen wird verstanden, dass zur Übertragung einer Kraft, eines Impulses oder einer Aktion zwischen zwei Systemen eine mechanische Verbindung besteht, die beispielsweise über bewegliche Verbindungen wie Lager oder Gelenke, aber auch über feste Verbindungen wie stoffschlüssige oder Kraftschlüssige Verbindungen oder aus Kombinationen aus beweglichen und festen Verbindungen erfolgen kann.The term “mechanically connected” means that there is a mechanical connection for the transmission of a force, an impulse or an action between two systems, for example via movable connections such as bearings or joints, but also via fixed connections such as material or non-positive connections or from combinations of movable and fixed connections.
In einer Ausgestaltungsform der Erfindung ist die Kurbelwelle in der Art ausgebildet, dass ausgehend von einer Schließposition des Kontaktsystems zu einer Öffnungsposition des Kontaktsystems eine unidirektionale Drehbewegung vollzogen wird, die bezüglich ihrer Drehachse zwischen 150° und 210° liegt. Grundsätzlich ist bei der Anwendung einer Kurbelwelle eine Drehbewegung von 180° zwischen der Schließposition und der Öffnungsposition vorteilhaft. Durch geometrische Anforderungen bzw. unter Berücksichtigung von Öffnungs- bzw. Schließzeiten kann die optimale Drehbewegung für den Öffnungsvorgang in einem Bereich liegen, der von 180° abweicht, also zwischen 150° und 210° liegt.In one embodiment of the invention, the crankshaft is designed in such a way that, starting from a closed position of the contact system to an open position of the contact system, a unidirectional rotary movement is performed, which is between 150° and 210° with respect to its axis of rotation. Basically, when using a crankshaft, a rotary movement of 180° between the closed position and the open position is advantageous. Due to geometrical requirements and taking into account opening and closing times, the optimum rotational movement for the opening process can be in a range that deviates from 180°, that is between 150° and 210°.
In einer weiteren Ausgestaltungsform der Erfindung ist die Kurbelwelle so ausgestaltet, dass für den Zyklus Öffnungs-, Schließ- und erneute Öffnungsbewegung des Kontaktsystems eine unidirektionale Drehbewegung bezüglich der Drehachse der Kurbelwelle vollzogen wird, die zwischen 350° und 360° plus 10° liegt. Auch hier ist es wieder zweckmäßig, dass für den gesamten Zyklus grundsätzlich eine Drehbewegung der Kurbelwelle von 360° stattfindet. Grundsätzlich kann aber durch eine Überdrehung bzw. Unterdrehung, das heißt also 10° weniger als 360° oder 10° mehr als 360° beispielsweise ein erhöhter oder erniedrigter Anpressdruck zwischen Kontakten des Kontaktsystems vollzogen werden.In a further embodiment of the invention, the crankshaft is designed in such a way that for the cycle of opening, closing and renewed opening movement of the contact system, a unidirectional rotary movement is performed with respect to the axis of rotation of the crankshaft, which is between 350° and 360° plus 10°. Here, too, it is useful for the crankshaft to rotate by 360° for the entire cycle. In principle, however, an increased or reduced contact pressure between contacts of the contact system can, for example, be implemented by over-rotation or under-rotation, that is to say 10° less than 360° or 10° more than 360°.
Die Kurbelwelle ist bevorzugt in der Art ausgestaltet, dass an einer Kurbel ein bezüglich der Drehachse exzentrischer Kurbelzapfen angeordnet ist, der bei der Drehbewegung der Kurbelwelle eine kreisförmige Bewegung um die Drehachse der Kurbelwelle beschreibt. Dabei ist es auch zweckmäßig, dass dieser Kurbelzapfen parallel zur Drehachse ausgerichtet ist. Im Weiteren kann der Kurbelzapfen von einem Gleitlager der Schubstange umfasst sein, somit ist die Kraftübertragung und die Umwandlung der Drehbewegung in einer translatorischen Bewegung gewährleistet.The crankshaft is preferably designed in such a way that a crank pin which is eccentric with respect to the axis of rotation is arranged on a crank and describes a circular movement about the axis of rotation of the crankshaft during the rotary movement of the crankshaft. It is also useful that this crank pin is aligned parallel to the axis of rotation. Furthermore, the crank pin can be surrounded by a plain bearing of the connecting rod, thus ensuring the transmission of power and the conversion of the rotary movement into a translatory movement.
Die Kurbelwelle weist mindestens drei Kurbeln, auf, was den Vorteil hat, dass durch eine Antriebswelle, also durch die Kurbelwelle und durch einen Antrieb mehrere Leistungsschalter gleichzeitig betrieben werden können. Bei dem Begriff drei Kurbeln wird bauartbedingt darunter verstanden, dass mindestens drei Zapfen vorhanden sind, die jeweils von einem Paar von Kurbeln eingefasst sind und in einem exzentrischen Abstand zur Drehachse der Kurbelwelle rotieren. Die Begriffe Kurbel und Kurbelpaar haben dabei äquivalente Bedeutung, da bei Anwendung von mehr als einer Kurbel bzw. Kurbelpaar und einer Drehbewegung von nahezu oder mehr als 360° zwangsläufig Kurbelpaare erforderlich sind um die Drehbewegung der Schubstange nicht zu blockieren.The crankshaft has at least three cranks, which has the advantage that a number of circuit breakers can be operated simultaneously by a drive shaft, ie by the crankshaft and by a drive. Depending on the design, the term three cranks means that at least three pins are present, each of which is surrounded by a pair of cranks and rotate at an eccentric distance from the axis of rotation of the crankshaft. The terms crank and pair of cranks have equivalent meanings, since when using more than one crank or pair of cranks and a rotational movement of almost or more than 360°, pairs of cranks are inevitably required in order not to block the rotational movement of the connecting rod.
Diese drei Kurbeln bzw. Kurbelpaare weisen unterschiedliche rotatorische Richtungen bezüglich der Rotationsachse der Kurbelwelle auf. Bevorzugt zeigt die erste Kurbel bzw. das erste Kurbelpaar in eine Richtung, das zweite Kurbelpaar in eine zweite Richtung, die in der Größenordnung von 180° zur ersten Kurbel versetzt ist. Die dritte Kurbel weist dabei wieder bevorzugt in die Richtung der ersten Kurbel. Auf diese Weise können drei Leistungsschalter einerseits durch eine gemeinsame Kurbelwelle und durch einen gemeinsamen Antrieb betrieben werden, es ist zudem möglich, durch die versetzte Bauart der Kurbeln die Leistungsschalter näher aneinanderzurücken, da sie versetzt angeordnet sind, was in etwa einer Dreiecksanordnung der Leistungsschalter resultiert. Auf diese Weise kann sehr viel Bauraum bei der Unterbringung der Leistungsschalter eingespart werden.These three cranks or pairs of cranks have different rotational directions with respect to the axis of rotation of the crankshaft. The first crank or the first pair of cranks preferably points in one direction, and the second pair of cranks points in a second direction, which is offset in the order of 180° to the first crank. The third crank again preferably points in the direction of the first crank. In this way, three circuit breakers can be operated by a common crankshaft and a common drive. It is also possible to move the circuit breakers closer to one another due to the offset design of the cranks, since they are arranged offset, which results in a roughly triangular arrangement of the circuit breakers. In this way, a great deal of installation space can be saved when accommodating the circuit breakers.
Weitere Ausgestaltungsformen der Erfindung und weitere Merkmale werden anhand der folgenden Figuren näher erläutert. Dabei handelt es sich um rein exemplarische, sehr schematische Darstellung, die das Grundprinzip der Ausgestaltung näher erläutern sollen. Dies sind schematische Darstellungen, die keine Einschränkung des Schutzbereichs darstellen.Further embodiments of the invention and further features are explained in more detail with reference to the following figures. These are purely exemplary, very schematic representations that are intended to explain the basic principle of the design in more detail. These are schematic representations that do not represent any limitation of the scope of protection.
Dabei zeigen:
- Figur 1
- ein Hochspannungs-Leistungsschaltersystem mit einem Kontaktsystem und einem Antriebssystem, wobei zur Übertragung der Antriebsenergie auf das Kontaktsystem eine Kurbelwelle Anwendung findet.
Figur 1 zeigt das Kontaktsystem im geschlossenen Zustand, - Figur 2
- Hochspannungs-Leistungsschaltersystem aus Figur 1 mit gedrehter Kurbelwelle und geöffnetem Zustand des Kontaktsystems,
Figur 3- das Hochspannungs-Leistungsschaltersystem gemäß
Figur 1 wieder im geschlossenen Zustand nach einer Drehung der Kurbelwelle von ca. 180°, Figur 4- das Hochspannungs-Leistungsschaltersystem in der gleichen Position wie in
Figur 2 nach einer Drehung von 360° der Kurbelwelle, - Figur 5
- eine Reihe von Hochspannungs-Leistungsschaltersystemen für drei Phasen, die durch ein Antriebssystem mit einem Antrieb und einer Kurbelwelle angetrieben werden,
Figur 6- ein Hochspannungs-Leistungsschaltersystem mit einer Kurbelwelle, die eine Exzenterscheibe als Kurbel aufweist,
- Figur 7
- eine Zeitachse zur Veranschaulichung des Öffnungs- und Schließzyklus,
Figur 8- einen Querschnitt durch eine Kurbelwelle entlang einer Kurbel und eine daran angebrachte Schubstange,
- Figur 9
- eine Draufsicht auf eine Anordnung von drei Hochspannungs-Leistungsschaltersystem, analog zu
Figur 5 mit jedoch bezüglich der Drehachse rotatorisch versetzt angeordneten Kurbeln, Figur 10- einen Hochspannungs-Leistungsschaltersystem mit einer Antriebsmechanik nach dem Stand der Technik.
- figure 1
- a high-voltage circuit breaker system with a contact system and a drive system, a crankshaft being used to transmit the drive energy to the contact system.
figure 1 shows the contact system in the closed state, - figure 2
- High-voltage circuit breaker system from Figure 1 with rotated crankshaft and open state of the contact system,
- figure 3
- the high voltage circuit breaker system according to
figure 1 again in the closed state after a rotation of the crankshaft of approx. 180°, - figure 4
- the high voltage circuit breaker system in the same position as in
figure 2 after a rotation of 360° of the crankshaft, - figure 5
- a series of three phase high voltage circuit breaker systems driven by a drive system having an opener and a crankshaft,
- figure 6
- a high voltage circuit breaker system with a crankshaft having an eccentric disc as a crank,
- figure 7
- a timeline to illustrate the opening and closing cycle,
- figure 8
- a cross section through a crankshaft along a crank and a push rod attached to it,
- figure 9
- a plan view of an arrangement of three high-voltage circuit breaker system, analogous to
figure 5 but with cranks that are rotationally offset with respect to the axis of rotation, - figure 10
- disclose a high voltage circuit breaker system with a prior art operating mechanism.
In
Das Antriebsaggregat 8 ist dabei so ausgestaltet, dass es sich in eine Drehrichtung 16 bewegt, sodass ebenfalls die Kurbelwelle 10 eine unidirektionale Drehbewegung entlang des Pfeiles 16 vollzieht. Wenn sich diese Drehbewegung 16 um die Drehachse 30 der Kurbelwelle 10 einmal um 360° vollzieht, führt das, wie in den
Sollte sich hierbei herausgestellt haben, dass die Ursache für den Kurzschluss weiterhin besteht, so gibt eine hier nicht dargestellte Auslöseeinheit das Signal für eine weitere 180°-Bewegung der Kurbelwelle 10, was gemäß
In
Zum Zeitpunkt T0 kommt es zu einem Auslöseereignis, das durch eine Auslöseeinheit hervorgerufen wird, und der Leistungsschalter 2 wird entsprechend der
Für einen weiteren Zeitraum, der zwischen 100 Millisekunden und einer Sekunde liegen kann, wird der Schalter wieder gemäß
In
Bei den drei Leistungsschaltern 3 handelt es sich um Schalter für die einzelnen Phasen eines Stromnetzes, durch die in dem Leistungsschaltersystem 2 mit einem Antriebssystem 6 gleichzeitig geschaltet werden können. Die Abläufe der Drehbewegung entlang des Pfeiles 16 entsprechen dem, was bezüglich der Figuren 1 bis 4 beschrieben ist.The three
In
In
In
- 22
- Hochspannungs-LeistungsschaltersystemHigh Voltage Circuit Breaker System
- 33
- Leistungsschaltercircuit breaker
- 44
- Kontaktsystemcontact system
- 66
- Antriebssystemdrive system
- 88th
- Antriebsaggregatdrive unit
- 1010
- Kurbelwellecrankshaft
- 1212
- Schubstangepush rod
- 1414
- Bewegkontaktmoving contact
- 1616
- unidirektionale Drehbewegungunidirectional rotary motion
- 2020
- ÖffnenOpen
- 2222
- SchließenClose
- 2424
- Erneutes ÖffnenReopen
- 2626
- Schließpositionclosed position
- 2828
- Öffnungspositionopening position
- 3030
- Drehachseaxis of rotation
- 3232
- Kurbelcrank
- 3434
- Befestigungszapfenmounting pin
- 3636
- kreisförmige Drehbewegungcircular rotation
- 3838
- Gleitlagerbearings
- 4040
- Kontaktbolzencontact studs
- 4242
- GehäuseHousing
- 4444
- Festkontaktfixed contact
- 4646
- zweites Gleitlagersecond plain bearing
- 4848
- Kurbelwellenlagercrankshaft bearings
- 5050
- Federspeicherspring accumulator
- 5252
- Kipphebelrocker arm
Claims (6)
- High-voltage circuit breaker system with a short-circuiting function that results in an opening movement (20), closing movement (22) and another opening movement (24) of a contact system (4), comprising a circuit breaker with a contact system (4) and a drive system (6) that is connected mechanically to the contact system (4), wherein the drive system (6) comprises a drive unit (8), and the drive system, in addition to the drive unit (8), has a driveshaft that is designed as a crankshaft (10) that is connected to a moving contact (14) of the contact system (4) via a push rod (12), and wherein the cycle of opening movement (20), closing movement (22) and another opening movement (24) of the contact system (4) results from a unidirectional rotational movement (16) of the crankshaft (10), wherein the crankshaft (10) has at least three cranks, characterized in that a second crank is deflected rotationally in a different direction than a first crank.
- High-voltage circuit breaker system according to Claim 1, characterized in that the crankshaft (10) performs a unidirectional rotational movement (16) in relation to its axis of rotation (30) of between 150° and 210° from a closing position (26) of the contact system (14) to an opening position (28) of the contact system.
- High-voltage circuit breaker system according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the crankshaft (10) performs a unidirectional rotational movement (16) in relation to its axis of rotation (30) of between 350° and 360° + 10° for an opening movement (20) and closing movement (22) of the contact system (4).
- High-voltage circuit breaker system according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the crankshaft (10) has a crankpin (32) that is eccentric in relation to the axis of rotation (30) on a crank (32), which crankpin describes a circular movement about the axis of rotation during the rotational movement (16) of the crankshaft.
- High-voltage circuit breaker system according to Claim 4, characterized in that the crankpin (34) is oriented parallel to the axis of rotation (30).
- High-voltage circuit breaker system according to Claim 5, characterized in that the crankpin (34) is encompassed by a sliding bearing (38) of the pushrod (38).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102019204441.7A DE102019204441A1 (en) | 2019-03-29 | 2019-03-29 | High voltage circuit breaker system |
PCT/EP2020/054044 WO2020200566A1 (en) | 2019-03-29 | 2020-02-17 | High-voltage circuit breaker system |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP3928339A1 EP3928339A1 (en) | 2021-12-29 |
EP3928339C0 EP3928339C0 (en) | 2023-08-16 |
EP3928339B1 true EP3928339B1 (en) | 2023-08-16 |
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ID=69699840
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP20707002.0A Active EP3928339B1 (en) | 2019-03-29 | 2020-02-17 | High-voltage circuit breaker system |
Country Status (5)
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US (1) | US12014890B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3928339B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN113748475B (en) |
DE (1) | DE102019204441A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2020200566A1 (en) |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE102019204441A1 (en) | 2019-03-29 | 2020-10-01 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | High voltage circuit breaker system |
DE102019204443A1 (en) | 2019-03-29 | 2020-10-01 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Circuit breaker system |
WO2023168388A1 (en) * | 2022-03-03 | 2023-09-07 | Sensata Technologies Inc. | Multi-switch contactor assembly |
US20240096570A1 (en) * | 2022-09-19 | 2024-03-21 | Eaton Intelligent Power Limited | Bi-stable assembly for a switchable electrical apparatus |
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DE2543107C3 (en) * | 1975-09-25 | 1978-07-20 | Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 8000 Muenchen | Device for drive control for hydraulically operated high-voltage circuit breakers |
CA1091732A (en) * | 1976-04-28 | 1980-12-16 | Westinghouse Electric Corporation | Circuit breaker apparatus including jack shaft support |
CH660931A5 (en) * | 1983-03-28 | 1987-05-29 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | HIGH VOLTAGE SWITCH. |
US4940026A (en) * | 1987-05-13 | 1990-07-10 | Fisher Martin A | Internal combustion engine with balancing forces |
ATE80494T1 (en) * | 1987-12-14 | 1992-09-15 | Sprecher Energie Ag | SPRING-LOAD MECHANISM FOR A HIGH-VOLTAGE SWITCH. |
KR100390795B1 (en) * | 2000-12-04 | 2003-07-10 | 엘지산전 주식회사 | The vacuum circuit breaker |
DE102006001241A1 (en) * | 2006-01-06 | 2007-07-12 | Siemens Ag | Switching point of an electrical switching device and method for moving a switching piece of a switching point |
DE202008004868U1 (en) | 2008-04-08 | 2008-06-12 | Fritz Driescher KG Spezialfabrik für Elektrizitätswerksbedarf GmbH & Co. | Switching drive for a circuit breaker |
KR101100707B1 (en) * | 2009-12-31 | 2012-01-02 | 엘에스산전 주식회사 | Vacuum circuit breaker |
EP2421017B1 (en) * | 2010-08-13 | 2017-10-04 | ABB Schweiz AG | Medium voltage circuit breaker arrangement operated by special transmission means |
DE102011119830A1 (en) * | 2011-12-01 | 2013-06-06 | Abb Technology Ag | Driving apparatus for three pole electrical power switch in high voltage switching station, has mechanical gear assemblies that are connected with power switch to turn off power switch |
CN102891034B (en) * | 2012-09-19 | 2015-08-19 | 河南平高电气股份有限公司 | A kind of primary cut-out and operating mechanism thereof |
CN104143486B (en) * | 2013-07-16 | 2016-09-28 | 国家电网公司 | Chopper and operating mechanism thereof |
KR101473846B1 (en) * | 2013-08-29 | 2014-12-17 | 엘에스산전 주식회사 | Circuit Breaker of Ring Main Unit equipped with Contact Force Adjustment Device for VI |
EP3167469B1 (en) * | 2014-09-04 | 2019-08-14 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Disconnector switch |
US10340096B2 (en) * | 2017-05-19 | 2019-07-02 | Mitsubishi Electric Power Products, Inc. | System and method for air motor recharging of spring mechanisms |
DE102018215507A1 (en) | 2018-09-12 | 2020-03-12 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Circuit breaker |
DE102019204441A1 (en) | 2019-03-29 | 2020-10-01 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | High voltage circuit breaker system |
-
2019
- 2019-03-29 DE DE102019204441.7A patent/DE102019204441A1/en active Pending
-
2020
- 2020-02-17 CN CN202080031897.8A patent/CN113748475B/en active Active
- 2020-02-17 US US17/599,675 patent/US12014890B2/en active Active
- 2020-02-17 WO PCT/EP2020/054044 patent/WO2020200566A1/en unknown
- 2020-02-17 EP EP20707002.0A patent/EP3928339B1/en active Active
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EP3928339C0 (en) | 2023-08-16 |
US12014890B2 (en) | 2024-06-18 |
US20220189722A1 (en) | 2022-06-16 |
DE102019204441A1 (en) | 2020-10-01 |
CN113748475B (en) | 2024-03-08 |
CN113748475A (en) | 2021-12-03 |
WO2020200566A1 (en) | 2020-10-08 |
EP3928339A1 (en) | 2021-12-29 |
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