EP3871472B1 - Beleuchtungssteuerungsverfahren für die berücksichtigung von überschüssiger leistung - Google Patents

Beleuchtungssteuerungsverfahren für die berücksichtigung von überschüssiger leistung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3871472B1
EP3871472B1 EP19786630.4A EP19786630A EP3871472B1 EP 3871472 B1 EP3871472 B1 EP 3871472B1 EP 19786630 A EP19786630 A EP 19786630A EP 3871472 B1 EP3871472 B1 EP 3871472B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrical power
dimming
control system
electronic devices
dimmable electronic
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EP19786630.4A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3871472A1 (de
Inventor
Ashish Vijay Pandharipande
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Signify Holding BV
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Signify Holding BV
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B47/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light sources in general, i.e. where the type of light source is not relevant
    • H05B47/10—Controlling the light source
    • H05B47/155—Coordinated control of two or more light sources
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B47/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light sources in general, i.e. where the type of light source is not relevant
    • H05B47/10—Controlling the light source
    • H05B47/105—Controlling the light source in response to determined parameters
    • H05B47/14—Controlling the light source in response to determined parameters by determining electrical parameters of the light source
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B20/00—Energy efficient lighting technologies, e.g. halogen lamps or gas discharge lamps
    • Y02B20/40—Control techniques providing energy savings, e.g. smart controller or presence detection

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a lighting system comprising a control system as well as to a method for monitoring electrical power consumption by a system.
  • Lighting control systems are known in the art. US2016/0113096 , for instance, describes lighting control devices, network systems, and methodologies, including methods for providing closed-loop dimming control of such systems.
  • described methods and device configurations may include an intelligent photo control configured to accept target dimmed fixture wattage value commands from a user, and provide closed-loop control at the fixture to achieve that target wattage via real-time adjustment of the 0-10V dimming control signal sent to the LED driver.
  • an intelligent photo control configured to accept target dimmed fixture wattage value commands from a user, and provide closed-loop control at the fixture to achieve that target wattage via real-time adjustment of the 0-10V dimming control signal sent to the LED driver.
  • WO2012/137092 A1 discloses controlling power consumption of at least one group of plurality of groups of lighting devices, each group comprising change range indicating values, by which energy consumption of the respective group can be changed. To this, for each of the at least one group a corresponding target power consumption change value is determined, by which power consumption of the corresponding group has to be changed, by selecting for each group of the plurality of groups a corresponding target power consumption change value from the corresponding change range of the corresponding group such that normalized illumination change values of the plurality of groups have minimal difference among each other, each of the normalized illumination change values being determined for corresponding group by use of the selected target power consumption change value of the group.
  • WO2013/144756 A2 discloses an apparatus for operating a plurality of lighting units of a lighting network according to energy demand and/or energy supply.
  • Demand response of a smart grid is proactively managed based on time intervals and/or the zone of the lighting units of the lighting network.
  • the security of one or more transmissions in the lighting network may be dependent on the importance of a transmitted demand response signal.
  • US2016/025782 A1 discloses an apparatus for performing an energy audit, using one or more current sensors clamped to an existing lighting system to measure one or more current or voltage signals over a first period of time; calculating a first power usage from the one or more current or voltage signals; replacing the existing lighting system with a replacement lighting system; using the one or more current sensors to measure one or more current or voltage signals of the replacement lighting system over a second period of time; calculating a second power usage from the one or more current or voltage signals; determining a power difference between the first power usage and the second power usage; using the power difference to estimate a cost savings between the first period of time and the second period of time; and generating an energy audit report.
  • Street lighting energy consumption is a significant part of infrastructure energy use and a significant cost element in municipality budgets.
  • Energy savings from a LED lighting upgrade is an important driver for upgrading from traditional lighting to LED lighting.
  • Monitoring energy consumption for deviations becomes important to ensure that the promised energy savings are delivered over the lighting system lifecycle.
  • Such deviations may occur due to extraneous factors, like someone connecting an external electrical load (either illegitimately or legitimately) to a street cabinet of an outdoor street lighting system. Detecting such excess energy consumption and properly accounting for it, for instance in energy savings, may thus be desirable. For instance, legitimate electric connections to the lighting system can be properly accounted to the appropriate consumer and suitably charged based on energy usage.
  • a method to detect any excess energy consumption could be to apply an outlier detection method to determine loads beyond a known installed load.
  • the value of the installed lighting load is collected from a system audit phase.
  • auditing may not always be done properly leading to incomplete or inaccurate audit data and/or may be relatively expensive.
  • Even if audit is done prior to system installation, (the basis of the) audit information may change over the lighting system lifecycle. As such, it is not straightforward to apply outlier detection due to the difficulty in selection of detection thresholds needed in such methods.
  • the present invention may have as object to overcome or ameliorate at least one of the disadvantages of the prior art, or to provide a useful alternative.
  • a computer program product that may execute such method.
  • alighting system comprising a target system and a control system, such as a lighting control system, that may be configured to execute such method.
  • the invention proposes in embodiments a connected lighting system with a controller capable of dimming one or more luminaires, an energy measurement unit capable of measuring energy consumed by the lighting system, a processing unit that processes energy data and outputs excess energy consumption, if applicable.
  • the lighting control system may set the luminaires to at least two dimming levels in a range where the LED luminaire dimming curve is linear, over a duration of the energy measurement period.
  • the lighting control system especially measures the energy consumption corresponding to the set dimming levels.
  • the processing method may use the said energy consumption measurements to estimate excess energy consumption of a load connected beyond the lighting load.
  • processor may be comprised by a control system.
  • the invention provides a lighting system comprising a target system and a control system comprising an electrical power control system for monitoring electrical power consumption by a target system, wherein:
  • the invention provides a lighting system comprising a target system and a control system comprising an electrical power control system for monitoring electrical power consumption by the target system, wherein:
  • Such alien device can be determined as alien device when the alien device is not dimmable or has not a dimmable behavior(s) essentially identical to the one or more dimmable electronic devices comprised by the target system.
  • a system, a method (see also below), and computer program product are provided which allow a reliable outlier detection which can be ascribed to unexpected or unauthorized electrical power consumption from the target system.
  • the invention provides a lighting system comprising a target system and a control system comprising an electrical power control system for monitoring electrical power consumption by a target system.
  • control system in the context of the invention wherein is referred to the electrical power control system for monitoring electrical power consumption by a target system refers to a control system at least including the electrical power control system.
  • the invention also provides the electrical power control system per se.
  • the electrical power control system and the target control system are comprised by the control system.
  • a control system is provided that may control the target system, or more especially, the dimmable electronic devices comprised by the control target system, as wall allowing execution of the electrical power control operation as further defined herein.
  • control system may control the dimmable electronic devices and execute a outlier detection.
  • a single control system may have the functionalities of the electrical power control system as well as of the target control system.
  • the phrase "the electrical power control system is configured to execute an electrical power control operation comprising (i) bringing the one or more dimmable electronic devices consecutively at N different dimming conditions, wherein N is at least 2" and similar phrases may refer to a separate control system comprised by the electrical power control system, which as a master control system controls the target control system.
  • this phrase and similar phrases may also refer to a control system wherein the target system autonomously brings the one or more dimmable electronic devices consecutively at N different dimming conditions, wherein N is at least 2, and wherein the electrical power control system (further) executes (ii) sensing (in sensing stage) the respective electrical power consumptions during the N different dimming conditions, and (iii) determining in a determination stage whether or not a further electronic device having deviating dimming behavior or having no dimming functionality is functionally coupled to the source of electrical power based on a comparison of the sensed electrical power consumptions and the predetermined relation between the plurality of different dimming conditions and the electrical power consumption.
  • the control system may have the functionality of the target control system and the electrical power control system.
  • the invention also provides in an aspect a lighting system comprising a target system and a control system comprising an electrical power control system for monitoring electrical power consumption by a target system, wherein:
  • control system as defined herein may be configured (i) to control - in an operation mode - the dimming conditions of the one or more dimmable electronic devices, and (ii) to execute an electrical power control operation (comprising (i) sensing the respective electrical power consumptions during the N different dimming conditions, and (ii) determining in a determination stage whether or not a further electronic device having deviating dimming behavior or having no dimming functionality is functionally coupled to the source of electrical power based on a comparison of the sensed electrical power consumptions and the predetermined relation between the plurality of different dimming conditions and the electrical power consumption).
  • an electrical power control operation comprising (i) sensing the respective electrical power consumptions during the N different dimming conditions, and (ii) determining in a determination stage whether or not a further electronic device having deviating dimming behavior or having no dimming functionality is functionally coupled to the source of electrical power based on a comparison of the sensed electrical power consumptions and the predetermined relation between the plurality of different
  • the electrical power control system and the target control system are different control systems. However, especially the electrical power control system and the target control system are functionally coupled, such as via a wired connection or a wireless connection.
  • the one or more dimmable electronic devices may be part of a dimmable electronic device system (like a street lighting system or indoor lighting system).
  • the target control system may be comprised by or may be functionally coupled to such dimmable electronic device system.
  • the electrical power control system may be functionally coupled to or be comprised by such dimmable electronic device system. Therefore, in further embodiments, the electrical power control system and the target system may also be comprised by the control system.
  • controlling and similar terms especially refer at least to determining the behavior or supervising the running of an element.
  • controlling and similar terms may e.g. refer to imposing behavior to the element (determining the behavior or supervising the running of an element), etc., such as e.g. measuring, displaying, actuating, opening, shifting, changing temperature, etc..
  • controlling and similar terms may additionally include monitoring.
  • controlling and similar terms may include imposing behavior on an element and also imposing behavior on an element and monitoring the element.
  • the controlling of the element can be done with a control system, which may also be indicated as "controller”.
  • control system and the element may thus at least temporarily, or permanently, functionally be coupled.
  • the element may comprise the control system.
  • the control system and element may not be physically coupled. Control can be done via wired and/or wireless control.
  • control system may also refer to a plurality of different control systems, which especially are functionally coupled, and of which e.g. one control system may be a master control system and one or more others may be slave control systems.
  • a control system may comprise or may be functionally coupled to a user interface.
  • the electrical power control system may be a master control system and the target control system may be a slave control system.
  • the system, or apparatus, or device may execute an action in a "mode” or “operation mode” or “mode of operation”. Likewise, in a method an action or stage, or step may be executed in a “mode” or “operation mode” or “mode of operation”.
  • mode may also be indicated as "controlling mode”. This does not exclude that the system, or apparatus, or device may also be adapted for providing another controlling mode, or a plurality of other controlling modes. Likewise, this may not exclude that before executing the mode and/or after executing the mode one or more other modes may be executed.
  • a control system may be available, that is adapted to provide at least the controlling mode.
  • the choice of such modes may especially be executed via a user interface, though other options, like executing a mode in dependence of a sensor signal or a (time) scheme, may also be possible.
  • the operation mode may in embodiments also refer to a system, or apparatus, or device, that can only operate in a single operation mode (i.e. "on", without further tunability).
  • the electrical power control system may in embodiments especially be designed for monitoring electrical power consumption by a target system.
  • the target system may be suitable to be monitored by the electrical power control system when the target system comprises (i) one or more dimmable electronic devices.
  • the target system does not comprise non-dimmable electronic devices, except for a possible non-dimmable device for which the target system was not designed.
  • the target system will include a plurality of dimmable electronic devices.
  • These devices may in embodiments essentially be identical, such as a plurality of (identical) street poles.
  • the dimmable electronic devices have a linear relation between the plurality of different dimming conditions and the electrical power consumption, though this is not necessarily the case (as long as the relationships are thus (also) essentially identical).
  • the dimmable electronic devices may include two or more different (types of) dimmable electronic devices.
  • the dimmable electronic devices especially have a linear relation between the plurality of different dimming conditions and the electrical power consumption.
  • the dimmable electronic device may e.g. be a light source or a source of sound or a source of (other) vibrations.
  • the dimmable electronic device may comprise a light source, for instance the light source of a street pole (sometimes also indicated as "street pole").
  • the dimmable electronic device may especially comprise a lighting device.
  • the target system may especially be a lighting system.
  • the control system may (thus) in embodiments be a lighting control system.
  • the (lighting) control system may be configured to execute the electrical power control operation and optionally also has the functionality to control the dimming conditions of the one or more dimmable electronic (lighting) devices.
  • dimmable electronic device especially refers to an electronic device of which the output, like light, sound, etc., can be controlled, more especially the intensity.
  • Such device may have a predefined maximum output, like a predefined maximum light flux, which may stepwise or stepless be reduced to lower values, which is herein indicated as dimming range.
  • dimming range may refer to the total range of achievable intensities up to the predefined maximum output.
  • the dimming range especially includes at least two (significantly) different values larger than zero.
  • the dimmable electronic device may have a linear relation over the range of possible conditions or may have a linear range between over a part of the possible conditions.
  • I indicates an intensity parameter, like flux, decibel, etc..
  • P indicates an electrical power (e.g. in Watt)
  • b may be zero or non-zero.
  • the intensity parameter may e.g. be selected from the group consisting of "radiant intensity” (a radiometric quantity measured in watts per steradian (W/sr), “luminous intensity” (a photometric quantity measured in lumens per steradian (lm/sr), or candela (cd)), “irradiance” (a radiometric quantity, measured in watts per meter squared (W/m 2 ) or “intensity", the name for irradiance used in other branches of physics (W/m 2 ), “radiance”, commonly called “intensity” in astronomy and astrophysics (W ⁇ sr -1 ⁇ m -2 ), “luminous flux” or “luminous power”, the measure of the perceived power of light in Lumen or cd.sr, or “radiant flux”, the radiant energy emitted per unit time in Watts.
  • Other types of (light) intensity parameters may also be applied.
  • the target control system may impose the dimming condition with a feedback
  • the one or more dimmable electronic devices are operable at a plurality of different dimming conditions, thereby defining a dimming range of the one or more dimmable electronic devices.
  • the one or more electronic devices may especially possess a predetermined relation between the plurality of different dimming conditions and an electrical power consumption (by these one or more dimmable electronic devices).
  • the target system may further comprise a target control system configured to control the dimming conditions of the one or more dimmable electronic devices.
  • a target control system configured to control the dimming conditions of the one or more dimmable electronic devices.
  • the target control system can get input from one or more of a user input device, a timer, and a sensor, on the basis of which the target control system can define the (corresponding) intensity value.
  • target control system may in embodiments also refer to a master control system controlling a plurality of target slave control systems, with the latter functionally being coupled to a (respective) plurality of sets of dimmable electronic devices.
  • target control system may in embodiments be a slave control system of the electrical power control system.
  • the target control system has the functionality of a controller capable of dimming one or more dimmable electronic devices.
  • the target system may also include a source of electrical power configured to provide electrical power to the one or more dimmable electronic devices.
  • the source of electrical power thus especially allows the one or more dimmable electronic devices operate at the dimming conditions.
  • source of electrical power may in embodiments also refer to a plurality of sources of electrical power, with the sources of electrical power functionally being coupled to a (respective) plurality of sets of dimmable electronic devices.
  • the source of electrical power may, for example, be a single or a plurality of driver, for example LED driver(s).
  • Such target system may be addressed by the electrical power control system for monitoring the electrical power consumption (from the source of electrical power.
  • dimming conditions can be chosen and compared to decide whether such further device is available. However, more than two dimming conditions may also be used.
  • the electrical power control system may in embodiments be configured to execute an electrical power control operation comprising (i) bringing the one or more dimmable electronic devices consecutively at N different dimming conditions, wherein N is at least 2.
  • the number N refers to a natural number larger than 1.
  • the electrical power control operation can also be seen as a control and monitor operation, as during the control operation the one or more dimmable electronic devices are controlled and the power consumption is monitored.
  • the electrical power control operation further comprises (ii) sensing (or monitoring) the respective electrical power consumptions (from the source of electrical power) during the N different dimming conditions, and (iii) determining in a determination stage whether or not a further electronic device having deviating dimming behavior or having no dimming functionality is functionally coupled to the source of electrical power. This determination is based on a comparison of the sensed electrical power consumptions and (a predicted power consumption based on) the predetermined relation between the plurality of different dimming conditions and the electrical power consumption.
  • the determination stage may lead to one or more of the following outcomes or equivalents thereof: "further electronic device present" or "further electronic device present".
  • An optional additional outcome may be "deviation from predetermined relation smaller than measurement error", or an equivalent thereof.
  • the determination stage may lead to the outcome whether that a further electronic device having deviating dimming behavior or having no dimming functionality is functionally coupled to the source of electrical power or to the outcome that no further electronic device having deviating dimming behavior or having no dimming functionality is functionally coupled to the source of electrical power.
  • each of the one or more dimmable electronic devices has a linear relation between the plurality of different dimming conditions and the electrical power consumption.
  • each of the different dimming conditions may relate to respective dimming fractions (or: levels), wherein the dimming fractions are linearly related to the electrical power consumption.
  • the electrical power control system is configured to execute the electrical power control operation during a switching on phase or during a switching off phase of the target system.
  • the dimming conditions vary with time, such as vary over the day or vary over part of the day, like outdoor lighting may do, periods wherein the dimming conditions increase in level or decrease in level may be used to execute the electrical power control operation.
  • the monitoring may be essentially a single measuring point, but may in other embodiments also be average over time. This may lead to more reliable results. Therefore, in specific embodiments the electrical power control system may be configured to sense the electrical power consumption during at least one of the N different dimming conditions during a sensing time, and wherein in the determination stage for the respective dimming condition an electrical power consumption averaged over the sensing time is applied. Hence, especially in the determination stage for the respective dimming condition an electrical power consumption averaged over the sensing time may be compared to the predicted power consumption.
  • sensing the respective electrical power consumptions during the N different dimming conditions may thus refer to such sensing during a limited period of time, hence during part of the time the respective dimming condition is imposed or during essentially the entire period the respective dimming condition is imposed.
  • the length of the sensing time at each dimming condition may be identical. In others, the sensing time at two (or more) dimming conditions may differ. Especially, then, the power consumptions may have to be averaged over the respective sensing times.
  • the control system may e.g. be configured to first execute a simple outlier detection.
  • the electrical power control system may be configured to execute a primary electrical power control operation comprising: (i) operating the one or more dimmable electronic devices at a first operation condition (which may be a dimming condition), such as e.g.
  • I max (ii) sensing the electrical power consumption during the first operation condition, and (iii) determining in a primary determination stage whether or not a further electronic device having deviating dimming behavior or having no dimming functionality is functionally coupled to the source of electrical power based on a comparison of the electrical power consumption at the first operation condition with a predetermined relation between the first operation condition and the electrical power consumption.
  • the electrical power control operation may not necessarily be executed. However, would the primary electrical power control operation lead to the result that there is a further electronic device, then this determination may either be correct, or may nevertheless be wrong. This determination based on the primary electrical power control operation may be wrong as the number (and/or type of) dimmable electronic devices may have changed since the most recent audit ("system audit phase". Hence, for further certainty, subsequent to the primary electrical power control operation, the electrical power control operation may be executed.
  • the electrical power control system may (thus) be configured to execute the electrical power control operation only when the primary electrical power control operation resulted in a determination that a further electronic device is functionally coupled to the source of electrical power, wherein an outcome of the subsequent determination in the electrical power control operation overrules an outcome of the determination of the primary electrical power control operation.
  • each dimmable electronic device may comprise a lighting device.
  • the dimmable electronic device may be a luminaire or the dimmable electronic device is comprised by a luminaire.
  • the term "lighting device” especially refers to a dimmable lighting device.
  • the target system comprises a street lighting system, wherein each dimmable electronic device comprises a street lighting device.
  • street lighting system may comprise a plurality of poles.
  • the target system comprises an indoor lighting system, wherein each dimmable electronic device comprises an indoor lighting device.
  • each dimmable electronic device comprises an indoor lighting device.
  • the indoor lighting system may be comprised by a hospitality area, such as a restaurant, a hotel, a clinic, or a hospital, etc..
  • the indoor lighting system may also be comprised by (a part of) an office, a department store, a warehouse, a cinema, a church, a theatre, a library, etc.
  • control system may comprise the electrical power control system and the target system.
  • target system comprises a lighting system
  • control system may be a lighting system comprising the electrical power control system.
  • the invention also provides a lighting system comprising the target system and the electrical power control system (for monitoring electrical power consumption by the target system.
  • the target system may also comprises a plurality of sets of dimmable electronic devices, which may individually be addressed, by a single target control system (or by a plurality of control systems), and which may be powered by a single source of electrical power or by a plurality of (different) sources of electrical power.
  • Each set may (independently) comprise one or more dimmable electronic devices, such as a plurality, like at least 5, such as at least 10, like 5-100,000, such as 5-10,000.
  • the target system may also comprises a plurality of sets of lighting devices, which may individually be addressed, by a single target control system (or by a plurality of control systems), and which may be powered by a single source of electrical power or by a plurality of (different) sources of electrical power.
  • Each set may (independently) comprise one or more dimmable lighting devices, such as a plurality, like at least 5, such as at least 10, like 5-100,000 (for instance 5-100,000 each comprising a lighting device), such as 5-10,000, like 50-2,500, for instance 50-2,500 street poles.
  • the energy control operation may be executed on one or more of the sets of the one or more dimmable electronic devices.
  • control system may comprise a plurality of sets of the one or more dimmable electronic devices, wherein the electrical power control system is configured to execute the electrical power control operation, wherein the electrical power control operation comprises (i) bringing the one or more dimmable electronic devices of at least one of the plurality of sets consecutively at N different dimming conditions, wherein N is at least 2, (ii) sensing the respective electrical power consumptions during the N different dimming conditions, and (iii) determining in a determination stage whether or not a further electronic device having deviating dimming behavior or having no dimming functionality is functionally coupled to the one or more sources of electrical power based on a comparison of the sensed electrical power consumptions and (a predicted power consumption based on) the predetermined relation between the plurality of different dimming conditions and the electrical power consumption.
  • Such system may comprise (ii) one or more of the target control systems configured to control the dimming conditions of the one or more dimmable electronic devices of the plurality of sets.
  • Such system may comprise (iii) one or more sources of electrical power configured to provide electrical power to the one or more dimmable electronic devices of the plurality of sets (to allow the one or more dimmable electronic devices operate at the dimming conditions).
  • control system may be configured to execute the electrical power control operation regularly, for instance once a month, once a week, once a day, a plurality of times each day, each time when switching on or increasing intensity, each time when switching off or decreasing intensity, etc.
  • the invention provides in a further aspect a method for monitoring electrical power consumption by a target system, wherein the method comprises executing an electrical power control operation comprising (i) bringing the one or more dimmable electronic devices consecutively at N different dimming conditions, wherein N is at least 2, (ii) sensing the respective electrical power consumptions during the N different dimming conditions, and (iii) determining in a determination stage whether or not a further electronic device having deviating dimming behavior or having no dimming functionality is functionally coupled to the source of electrical power based on the predetermined relation between the plurality of different dimming conditions and the electrical power consumption.
  • the target system may especially comprise (i) one or more dimmable electronic devices, wherein each dimmable electronic device comprises a lighting device, wherein the one or more dimmable electronic devices are operable at a plurality of different dimming conditions thereby defining a dimming range of the one or more dimmable electronic devices with a predetermined relation between the plurality of different dimming conditions and an electrical power consumption by the one or more dimmable electronic devices, (ii) a target control system configured to control the dimming conditions of the one or more dimmable electronic devices, and (iii) a source of electrical power configured to provide electrical power to the one or more dimmable electronic devices (to allow the one or more dimmable electronic devices operate at the dimming conditions).
  • the invention provides a (lighting) control method for excess electrical power accounting.
  • the phrase "(i) bringing the one or more dimmable electronic devices consecutively at N different dimming conditions, wherein N is at least 2" and similar phrases may refer to embodiments wherein the target control system autonomously brings the one or more dimmable electronic devices consecutively at N different dimming conditions, wherein N is at least 2, and thereby the sensing (stage) and determination stage may be executed (by the electrical power control system).
  • this phrase and similar phrases may also refer to embodiments wherein the electrical power control system brings the one or more dimmable electronic devices consecutively at N different dimming conditions, wherein N is at least 2, and overrules the target control system, such as the electrical power control system being the master control system and the target control system being a slave control system thereof.
  • the control system may comprise in embodiments both the target control system and the electrical power control system, whereby the control system comprises both functionalities.
  • the method may further comprise executing the electrical power control operation during a switching on phase or during a switching off phase of the target system.
  • the method may (further) comprise sensing (or "monitoring") the electrical power consumption during at least one of the N different dimming conditions during a sensing time, and wherein in the determination stage for the respective dimming condition an electrical power consumption averaged over the sensing time is applied.
  • the electrical power control operation may be executed regularly, for instance once a month, once a week, once a day, a plurality of times each day, each time when switching on or increasing intensity, each time when switching off or decreasing intensity, etc.
  • the invention also provides a software product (or "computer program product") when running on a computer which is functionally coupled to or comprised by the target system as defined in any one of the preceding claims, is capable of bringing about the method as described herein.
  • the invention also provides a (control) system configured to execute the method as described herein.
  • a (control) system configured to execute the method as described herein.
  • control system is the control system as described herein in more detail.
  • the target system may be part of or may be applied in e.g. office lighting systems, household application systems, shop lighting systems, home lighting systems, accent lighting systems, theater lighting systems, (outdoor) road lighting systems, urban lighting systems, green house lighting systems, horticulture lighting, etc.
  • the lighting device may comprise one or more light sources.
  • the term "light source” may refer to a semiconductor light-emitting device, such as a light emitting diode (LEDs), a resonant cavity light emitting diode (RCLED), a vertical cavity laser diode (VCSELs), an edge emitting laser, etc..
  • the term “light source” may also refer to an organic light-emitting diode, such as a passive-matrix (PMOLED) or an active-matrix (AMOLED).
  • the light source comprises a solid state light source (such as a LED or laser diode).
  • the light source comprises a LED (light emitting diode).
  • the term LED may also refer to a plurality of LEDs.
  • the term “light source” may in embodiments also refer to a so-called chips-on-board (COB) light source.
  • COB especially refers to LED chips in the form of a semiconductor chip that is neither encased nor connected but directly mounted onto a substrate, such as a PCB. Hence, a plurality of semiconductor light sources may be configured on the same substrate.
  • a COB is a multi LED chip configured together as a single lighting module.
  • the term "light source” may also relate to a plurality of light sources, such as 2-2000 solid state light sources.
  • FIG. 1 An outlier detection method to determine loads beyond a known installed load is schematically depicted in Fig. 1 .
  • the value of the installed (lighting) load is collected from a system audit phase.
  • reference LM indicates one or more lighting energy measurements
  • reference LA indicates a lighting system audit
  • reference DTA refers to a detection threshold dependent on an audit
  • reference OD refers to an outlier detection (or determination).
  • Reference DA refers to a determination action, such as a deviation alarm.
  • a connected lighting system with a controller capable of dimming one or more luminaires, an energy measurement unit capable of measuring energy consumed by the lighting system, a processing unit that processes energy data and outputs excess energy consumption, if applicable, is provided.
  • the following stages may be executed (wherein stages may overlap):
  • a threshold around this value may be set in an outlier detection method.
  • P L is unknown or inaccurate, then it becomes difficult to apply outlier detection techniques in a reliable manner.
  • Fig. 2 we show the hourly lighting energy measurements of a street lighting system. The designed behavior of the system is that the lighting is turned ON at about 6 pm and then subsequently turned OFF at 7 am.
  • the controller chooses at least two dimming values where the LED luminaire dimming curve is linear. For example, these values are in the range (0.2, 0.8) where the power consumption of a luminaire is linearly proportional to the dimming level.
  • the dimming is applied over the duration of an energy measurement period.
  • the power consumption is d_i P_L.
  • the measurement energy consumption be P_ ⁇ M,i ⁇ .
  • reference LM indicates one or more lighting energy measurements
  • reference LC indicates a lighting control by dimming to at least two levels on a dimming curve, especially a linear dimming curve
  • reference DTD refers to a detection threshold determination (as defined herein)
  • reference OD refers to an outlier detection (or determination).
  • Reference DA refers to a determination action, such as a deviation alarm.
  • Lighting energy consumption values resulting from applying dimming at levels 0.3 and 0.6 over the first four hours are shown respectively in Figs. 4 (a) and (b) ; the values P_ ⁇ M,i ⁇ are the energy values in these four hours (the first four values represent P_ ⁇ M,1 ⁇ in Fig. 4a and P_ ⁇ M,2 ⁇ in Fig. 4b at the two dimming levels 0.3 and 0.6 respectively).
  • the estimate is independent of the lighting load P L , and a simple detection threshold of 0 (excess load or not) can be set. In practice, a higher value may be set in case a more conservative determination of excess loads is required and to avoid false alarms of excess load.
  • the estimated load over the four energy measurement periods is 0, 0.05, 3.96, 4.05 (these values are computed based on the equations above and correspond to the first four hours - values are not plotted in any of the figures). Based on these values, it is determined that in the first two hours, there was no external connected load, while in the next two hours there was a connected load of around 4 kWh.
  • the x-axis is a time axis, e.g. in hours.
  • LEC refers to lighting energy consumption.
  • the invention may be applied for connected street lighting systems.
  • the invention may be applied for energy monitoring.
  • Fig. 5 schematically depicts an embodiment of a control system 1000.
  • the control system 1000 comprises an electrical power control system 100 for monitoring electrical power consumption by a target system 200.
  • the target system may be comprised by the control system 1000.
  • the control system may also (temporarily) be functionally coupled to the target system 200.
  • the target system 200 comprises one or more dimmable electronic devices 210.
  • each dimmable electronic device 210 comprises a lighting device 220.
  • the one or more dimmable electronic devices 210 are operable at a plurality of different dimming conditions thereby defining a dimming range of the one or more dimmable electronic devices 210 with a predetermined relation between the plurality of different dimming conditions and an electrical power consumption by the one or more dimmable electronic devices 210.
  • the target system 200 comprises a plurality of sets 1210 of the one or more dimmable electronic devices 210.
  • each set may refer to street lighting in a street or in a part of a street.
  • such sets may individually be controlled by the target control system (see below).
  • the target system 200 further comprises a target control system 230 configured to control the dimming conditions of the one or more dimmable electronic devices 210.
  • the target system 200 further comprises a source of electrical power 240 configured to provide electrical power to the one or more dimmable electronic devices 210 (to allow the one or more dimmable electronic devices 210 operate at the dimming conditions).
  • the electrical power control system 100 is configured to execute an electrical power control operation.
  • the electrical power control operation may comprise (i) bringing the one or more dimmable electronic devices 210 consecutively at N different dimming conditions, wherein N is at least 2, (ii) sensing the respective electrical power consumptions (from the source of electrical power 240) during the N different dimming conditions, and (iii) determining in a determination stage whether or not a further electronic device 10 having deviating dimming behavior or having no dimming functionality is functionally coupled to the source of electrical power 240 based on a comparison of the sensed electrical power consumptions and the predetermined relation between the plurality of different dimming conditions and the electrical power consumption.
  • the target system 200 (or part thereof, such as one of the sets 1210) may further be inspected to localize the further electronic device 10, and, if desired, remove such further device 10.
  • the invention thus also provides a method for monitoring electrical power consumption by a target system 200, wherein the method comprises executing the electrical power control operation as indicated above.
  • Fig. 5 also schematically depicts thus an embodiment (of the control system 1000 and of the target system 200) comprising a plurality of sets 1210 of the one or more dimmable electronic devices 210.
  • the target system 200 may also comprise one or more of the target control systems 230 configured to control the dimming conditions of the one or more dimmable electronic devices 210 of the plurality of sets 1210.
  • the target system may comprise one or more sources of electrical power 240 configured to provide electrical power to the one or more dimmable electronic devices 210 of the plurality of sets 1210 (to allow the one or more dimmable electronic devices 210 operate at the dimming conditions).
  • the electrical power control system 100 is especially configured to execute the electrical power control operation, wherein the electrical power control operation may in embodiments comprises (i) bringing the one or more dimmable electronic devices 210 of at least one of the plurality of sets 1210 consecutively at N different dimming conditions, wherein N is at least 2, (ii) sensing the respective electrical power consumptions during the N different dimming conditions, and (iii) determining in a determination stage whether or not a further electronic device 10 having deviating dimming behavior or having no dimming functionality is functionally coupled to the one or more sources of electrical power 240 based on a comparison of the sensed electrical power consumptions and (a predicted power consumption based on) the predetermined relation between the plurality of different dimming conditions and the electrical power consumption.
  • Fig. 5 also schematically depicts an embodiment of a lighting system 2000 comprising the target system 200 and the electrical power control system 100 (for monitoring electrical power consumption by a target system 200), as defined herein.
  • Fig. 5 also effectively schematically depicts an embodiment of the control system 1000 comprising an electrical power control system for monitoring electrical power consumption by a target system, wherein:
  • Reference P max may refer to the (maximum) prescribe power.
  • any electronic device is indicated by a specific power, such as a 60 Watt or 100 Watt lamp, or loudspeaker wattage of 10 Watt.
  • an intensity value I is indicated, like e.g. light flux in the case of lighting or decibel in the case of sound.
  • Part of the dimming range may be linear. This part is indicated with reference LDR (linear dimming range).
  • Each of the different dimming conditions may relate to respective dimming fractions (or: levels), wherein the dimming fractions are linearly related to the electrical power consumption.
  • the maximum intensity I max may be reached.
  • the terms “substantially” or “essentially” herein, and similar terms, will be understood by the person skilled in the art.
  • the terms “substantially” or “essentially” may also include embodiments with “entirely”, “completely”, “all”, etc. Hence, in embodiments the adjective substantially or essentially may also be removed.
  • the term “substantially” or the term “essentially” may also relate to 90% or higher, such as 95% or higher, especially 99% or higher, even more especially 99.5% or higher, including 100%.

Landscapes

  • Circuit Arrangement For Electric Light Sources In General (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Beleuchtungssystem (2000), umfassend ein Zielsystem (200) und ein Steuersystem (1000), das Steuersystem (1000) umfassend ein Steuersystem (100) für elektrischen Strom zum Überwachen des Verbrauchs von elektrischem Strom durch das Zielsystem (200), wobei:
    - das Zielsystem (200) (i) eine oder mehrere dimmbare elektronische Vorrichtungen (210) umfasst, wobei jede dimmbare elektronische Vorrichtung (210) eine Beleuchtungsvorrichtung (220) umfasst, wobei die eine oder mehreren dimmbaren elektronischen Vorrichtungen (210) in einer Vielzahl von unterschiedlichen Dimmzuständen betreibbar sind, dadurch ein Dimmbereich der einen oder mehreren dimmbaren elektronischen Vorrichtungen (210) mit einer vorbestimmten Beziehung zwischen der Vielzahl von unterschiedlichen Dimmzuständen und einem Verbrauch von elektrischem Strom durch die eine oder mehreren dimmbaren elektronischen Vorrichtungen (210) definiert ist, (ii) ein Zielsteuersystem (230), das konfiguriert ist, um die Dimmzustände der einen oder mehreren dimmbaren elektronischen Vorrichtungen (210) zu steuern, und (iii) eine Quelle von elektrischem Strom (240) zu steuern, die konfiguriert ist, um die eine oder mehreren dimmbaren elektronischen Vorrichtungen (210) zu steuern; dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Steuersystem (100) für elektrischen Strom konfiguriert ist, um einen Steuervorgang für elektrischen Strom durchzuführen, umfassend (i) das aufeinanderfolgende Versetzen der einen oder mehreren dimmbaren elektronischen Vorrichtungen (210) in N unterschiedliche Dimmzustände, wobei N mindestens 2 ist, (ii) Erfassen der jeweiligen Verbräuche von elektrischem Strom während der N unterschiedlichen Dimmzustände, und (iii) Bestimmen in einer Bestimmungsstufe, ob eine weitere elektronische Vorrichtung (10), die ein abweichendes Dimmverhalten oder keine Dimmfunktionalität aufweist, funktional mit der Quelle von elektrischem Strom (240) gekoppelt ist oder nicht, basierend auf einem Vergleich der erfassten Verbräuche von elektrischem Strom und der vorbestimmten Beziehung zwischen der Vielzahl von unterschiedlichen Dimmzuständen und dem Verbrauch von elektrischem Strom.
  2. Beleuchtungssystem (2000) nach Anspruch 1, wobei jede der einen oder mehreren dimmbaren elektronischen Vorrichtungen (210) eine lineare Beziehung zwischen der Vielzahl von unterschiedlichen Dimmzuständen und dem Verbrauch von elektrischem Strom aufweist.
  3. Beleuchtungssystem (2000) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei das Steuersystem (100) für elektrischen Strom konfiguriert ist, um den Steuervorgang für elektrischen Strom während einer Einschaltphase oder während einer Ausschaltphase des Zielsystems (200) auszuführen.
  4. Beleuchtungssystem (2000) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei das Steuersystem (100) für elektrischen Strom konfiguriert ist, um den Verbrauch von elektrischem Strom während mindestens einem der N unterschiedlichen Dimmzustände während einer Erfassungszeit zu erfassen, und wobei in der Bestimmungsstufe für den jeweiligen Dimmzustand ein Verbrauch von elektrischem Strom angewendet wird, der über die Erfassungszeit gemittelt wird.
  5. Beleuchtungssystem (2000) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei das Steuersystem (100) für elektrischen Strom konfiguriert ist, um einen primären Steuervorgang für elektrischen Strom auszuführen, umfassend: (i) Betreiben der einen oder mehreren dimmbaren elektronischen Vorrichtungen (210) in einem ersten Betriebszustand, (ii) Erfassen des Verbrauchs von elektrischem Strom während des ersten Betriebszustands, und (iii) Bestimmen des Verbrauchs von elektrischem Strom in einer primären Bestimmungsstufe, ob eine weitere elektronische Vorrichtung (10), die ein abweichendes Dimmverhalten aufweist oder keine Dimmfunktionalität aufweist, funktionell mit der Quelle von elektrischem Strom (240) gekoppelt ist, basierend auf einem Vergleich des Verbrauchs von elektrischem Strom in dem ersten Betriebszustand mit einer vorbestimmten Beziehung zwischen dem ersten Betriebszustand und dem Verbrauch von elektrischem Strom.
  6. Beleuchtungssystem (2000) nach Anspruch 5, wobei das Steuersystem (100) für elektrischen Strom konfiguriert ist, um den Steuervorgang für elektrischen Strom nur auszuführen, wenn ein Ergebnis des primären Steuervorgangs für elektrischen Strom die Bestimmung ist, dass eine weitere elektronische Vorrichtung (10) funktionell mit der Quelle von elektrischem Strom (240) gekoppelt ist, wobei das Steuersystem (1000) konfiguriert ist, um den Steuervorgang für elektrischen Strom nur nach dem primären Steuervorgang für elektrischen Strom auszuführen, der zu der Bestimmung führt, dass eine weitere elektronische Vorrichtung (10) funktionell mit der Quelle von elektrischem Strom (240) gekoppelt ist, und wobei ein Ergebnis des Steuervorgangs für elektrischen Strom ein Ergebnis des primären Steuervorgangs für elektrischen Strom übersteuert.
  7. Beleuchtungssystem (2000) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei das Steuersystem (100) für elektrischen Strom und das Zielsteuersystem (230) durch das Steuersystem (1000) umfasst sind.
  8. Beleuchtungssystem (2000) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei das Steuersystem (100) für elektrischen Strom und das Zielsystem (200) durch das Steuersystem (1000) umfasst sind.
  9. Beleuchtungssystem (2000) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche 1-8, wobei das Zielsystem (200) ein Straßenbeleuchtungssystem (201) umfasst, wobei jede dimmbare elektronische Vorrichtung (210) eine Straßenbeleuchtungsvorrichtung (211) umfasst.
  10. Beleuchtungssystem (2000) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche 1-8, wobei das Zielsystem (200) ein Innenraumbeleuchtungssystem (202) umfasst, wobei jede dimmbare elektronische Vorrichtung (210) eine Innenraumbeleuchtungsvorrichtung (212) umfasst.
  11. Beleuchtungsvorrichtung (2000) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, wobei die Quelle von elektrischem Strom (240) eine Vielzahl von Quellen von elektrischem Strom ist.
  12. Verfahren zum Überwachen des Verbrauchs von elektrischem Strom durch ein Zielsystem (200), wobei:
    - das Zielsystem (200) (i) eine oder mehrere dimmbare elektronische Vorrichtungen (210) umfasst, wobei jede dimmbare elektronische Vorrichtung (210) eine Beleuchtungsvorrichtung (220) umfasst, wobei die eine oder mehreren dimmbaren elektronischen Vorrichtungen (210) in einer Vielzahl von unterschiedlichen Dimmzuständen betreibbar sind, dadurch ein Dimmbereich der einen oder mehreren dimmbaren elektronischen Vorrichtungen (210) mit einer vorbestimmten Beziehung zwischen der Vielzahl von unterschiedlichen Dimmzuständen und einem Verbrauch von elektrischem Strom durch die eine oder mehreren dimmbaren elektronischen Vorrichtungen (210) definiert ist, (ii) ein Zielsteuersystem (230), das konfiguriert ist, um die Dimmzustände der einen oder den mehreren dimmbaren elektronischen Vorrichtungen (210), und (iii) einer Quelle von elektrischem Strom (240) zu steuern, die konfiguriert ist, um die eine oder mehreren dimmbaren elektronischen Vorrichtungen (210) zu steuern; und dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verfahren umfasst:
    - Ausführen eines Steuervorgangs für elektrischen Strom, umfassend (i) das aufeinanderfolgende Versetzen der einen oder mehreren dimmbaren elektronischen Vorrichtungen (210) in N unterschiedliche Dimmzustände, wobei N mindestens 2 ist, (ii) Erfassen der jeweiligen Verbräuche von elektrischem Strom während der N unterschiedlichen Dimmzustände, und (iii) Bestimmen in einer Bestimmungsstufe, ob eine weitere elektronische Vorrichtung (10), die ein abweichendes Dimmverhalten aufweist oder keine Dimmfunktionalität aufweist, funktionell mit der Stromquelle (240) gekoppelt ist, basierend auf der vorbestimmten Beziehung zwischen der Vielzahl von unterschiedlichen Dimmzuständen und dem Verbrauch von elektrischem Strom.
  13. Verfahren nach Anspruch 12, umfassend das Ausführen des Steuervorgangs für elektrischen Strom während einer Einschaltphase oder während einer Ausschaltphase des Zielsystems (200).
  14. Verfahren nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche 12-13, umfassend das Erfassen des Verbrauchs von elektrischem Strom während mindestens eine der N unterschiedlichen Dimmzustände während einer Erfassungszeit, und wobei in der Bestimmungsstufe für den jeweiligen Dimmzustand ein Verbrauch von elektrischem Strom angewendet wird, der über die Erfassungszeit gemittelt wird.
  15. Softwareprodukt, das, wenn es auf einem Computer läuft, der funktionell mit dem Zielsystem gekoppelt ist, oder von diesem umfasst ist, wie in einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche definiert, in der Lage ist, das Verfahren, wie in einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche 12-14 beschrieben, zu bewirken.
EP19786630.4A 2018-10-23 2019-10-18 Beleuchtungssteuerungsverfahren für die berücksichtigung von überschüssiger leistung Active EP3871472B1 (de)

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