EP3449132B1 - Procédé de détection d'un état de fonctionnement anormal d'un groupe de pompage - Google Patents

Procédé de détection d'un état de fonctionnement anormal d'un groupe de pompage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3449132B1
EP3449132B1 EP18719751.2A EP18719751A EP3449132B1 EP 3449132 B1 EP3449132 B1 EP 3449132B1 EP 18719751 A EP18719751 A EP 18719751A EP 3449132 B1 EP3449132 B1 EP 3449132B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
pump unit
operating state
signal
speed
pump
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EP18719751.2A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3449132A1 (fr
Inventor
Jens Olav FIEDLER
Tilman Philip SANDERS
Martin Kiel
Martin Oettmeier
Benedikt Meier
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Wilo SE
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Wilo SE
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/66—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing
    • F04D29/669—Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing especially adapted for liquid pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B49/06—Control using electricity
    • F04B49/065—Control using electricity and making use of computers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B51/00—Testing machines, pumps, or pumping installations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D15/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or systems
    • F04D15/0066—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or systems by changing the speed, e.g. of the driving engine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D15/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or systems
    • F04D15/0077—Safety measures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D15/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or systems
    • F04D15/02—Stopping of pumps, or operating valves, on occurrence of unwanted conditions
    • F04D15/0209—Stopping of pumps, or operating valves, on occurrence of unwanted conditions responsive to a condition of the working fluid
    • F04D15/0218—Stopping of pumps, or operating valves, on occurrence of unwanted conditions responsive to a condition of the working fluid the condition being a liquid level or a lack of liquid supply
    • F04D15/0236—Lack of liquid level being detected by analysing the parameters of the electric drive, e.g. current or power consumption
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B2201/00—Pump parameters
    • F04B2201/12—Parameters of driving or driven means
    • F04B2201/1201—Rotational speed of the axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B2201/00—Pump parameters
    • F04B2201/12—Parameters of driving or driven means
    • F04B2201/1202—Torque on the axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B2203/00—Motor parameters
    • F04B2203/02—Motor parameters of rotating electric motors
    • F04B2203/0201—Current

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for detecting an operating state of a speed-controllable centrifugal pump unit operated at a predefinable target speed for pumping liquid.
  • the pamphlet DE-A-102014004336 discloses a method for detecting a specific operating state of a speed-controllable centrifugal pump unit operated at a predefinable speed by determining a first hydraulic variable from a mechanical and/or electrical variable. However, this operating condition is not an abnormal operating condition.
  • Abnormal operating states occur again and again in pump units and can lead to damage or even total failure of the pump unit.
  • Examples of abnormal operating states are dry running, cavitation on the impeller or bearing wear, bearing damage.
  • sealing elements such as e.g. B. Mechanical seals are used, which are intended to prevent the escape of the fluid from the pump or, in the case of glandless pumps, the ingress of particles into the rotor space.
  • the sealing surfaces of the sealing elements are friction surfaces that are lubricated by the pumped medium. In the event of dry running, these friction surfaces are no longer lubricated or not sufficiently lubricated and can therefore wear out quickly. Early detection of a dry run can prevent this.
  • Another way of detecting dry running is to briefly accelerate the impeller and determine the energy required for acceleration. If the energy consumption is less than expected, i.e. less than in the case of wet operation, dry running is assumed.
  • the disadvantage here is that the operating point must be changed significantly for the acceleration process in order to be able to carry out an evaluation of the energy consumption.
  • Cavitation is the phenomenon in which, during operation of the pump unit and pumping a liquid, vapor-filled cavities form on the back of the impeller blades, which quickly collapse and cause the blades to hit. This can destroy the impeller.
  • Bearing wear or damage to the bearings, especially the radial bearings, is primarily reflected in shaft vibrations. This can be detected using a vibration sensor.
  • a vibration sensor is an additional component that can fail, and besides, the manufacture of the pump unit more complex and difficult. In addition, it makes the production of the pump unit more expensive. It is therefore a concern to dispense with sensors.
  • a periodic excitation signal of a specific frequency to a manipulated variable of the pump unit in such a way that a hydraulic variable of the pump unit, for example the delivery head, is modulated, and then from a mechanical and/or electrical Size of the pump unit as a system response to the excitation signal to calculate an evaluation signal and determine whether an abnormal operating condition is present.
  • the method can be implemented on a software basis in electronics of the pump. Neither a sensor external to the pump electronics nor additional hardware is required. Furthermore, the method can be used reliably in the entire speed range, since it has very good suppression of measurement noise. In contrast to the methods of the prior art, it is therefore not limited to a specific speed range.
  • the pump unit can be a centrifugal pump operated by an electric motor, for example a heating pump in a heating system or a coolant pump in a cooling system.
  • it can be a glandless pump.
  • dry running is particularly harmful and must therefore be detected at an early stage.
  • modulation of the hydraulic variable is achieved by modulating a manipulated variable, e.g. the speed.
  • a manipulated variable e.g. the speed.
  • modulate within the meaning of the invention is generally to be understood as a change, but the type, level and speed of the excitation signal is not restricted in any way.
  • control of the pump assembly is discussed below, this term also means regulation, since regulation only includes control with feedback of a specific variable.
  • An abnormal operating state can be detected, for example, by comparing the evaluation signal with a decision threshold. An abnormal operating state can then be concluded if the evaluation signal deviates from a normal range (range permissible during operation).
  • the decision threshold can form a boundary of this normal range, for example a minimum curve or a maximum curve of the normal range, or have a distance to this range in order to avoid erroneous determinations.
  • the decision threshold depends on the abnormal operating state that is to be detected. In other words, a specific decision threshold is associated with a specific abnormal operating condition.
  • a first abnormal operating state can be determined by comparing the evaluation signal with a first decision threshold and a second abnormal operating state can be determined by comparing the evaluation signal with another, second decision threshold.
  • a third or further decision threshold(s) can also be a third or further decision threshold(s).
  • the decision threshold defines an upper limit or a lower limit of the permissible normal range. For example, if it defines a lower limit in the case of the first abnormal operating state, then this first abnormal operating state are closed when the evaluation signal is below the first decision threshold. For example, if the decision threshold defines an upper limit in the case of the second abnormal operating state, this second abnormal operating state can be inferred if the evaluation signal is above the second decision threshold.
  • dry running can be inferred as an abnormal operating state if the evaluation signal is below the decision threshold.
  • the decision threshold can be a constant value.
  • the decision threshold can be defined by a curve, preferably a straight line, which defines a mathematical relationship between the evaluation signal and the speed, in particular the actual speed. If the decision threshold is a function of the rotational speed, it can be set according to the rotational speed dependency of normal or faulty operation in such a way that the decision is as insensitive as possible to measurement noise and disturbances.
  • the decision threshold also referred to here as the threshold value curve, suitably lies between the dry running curve and the minimum wet running curve.
  • the evaluation signal can be formed from the integral of the product of the system response and a periodic function of the same frequency or a multiple of the frequency of the excitation signal over a predetermined integration period. It should be noted at this point that integral formation within the meaning of the invention is also to be understood as a summation of values, which must necessarily take place when the method is carried out numerically, for example on a microprocessor, due to the discrete values present. Because it is well known to the person skilled in the art that the integral formation in the discrete time domain can be realized by a sum formation.
  • the periodic function can be a sine function. Investigations have shown that this simple function is sufficient for generating the evaluation signal for detecting a dry run. However, depending on the abnormal operating state to be detected, a cosine function, a combination of a sine function and a cosine function, a combination of several sine functions or cosine functions, or a combination of several sine functions and cosine functions can also be used as the periodic function.
  • the manipulated variable to which the excitation signal is applied is preferably a target speed or a target torque of the pump assembly, i.e. a mechanical variable.
  • the method according to the invention can be implemented particularly easily here, because the speed or the torque is often a controlled variable in a pump unit, i.e. a variable whose magnitude is specified by a setpoint.
  • Speed or torque controls are known per se in pump units. The control of the pump unit then attempts to regulate the setpoint.
  • the periodic excitation of the target speed or the target torque is a simple measure to achieve a modulation of the size. Ultimately, this modulates the mechanical power output by the drive motor.
  • the manipulated variable can be a current from the pump unit.
  • This is a suitable manipulated variable, especially for pump units electric drive motor is controlled by means of a vector control such as field-oriented control (FOR).
  • FOR field-oriented control
  • current components id and iq are formed here, which define the current vector rotating with the frequency of the stator field.
  • id current the field with the iq current can influence the torque. Consequently, modulation of the speed or the torque can be achieved indirectly by modulating the current.
  • the hydraulic variable to be modulated can suitably be the delivery height H or the differential pressure ⁇ p generated by the pump unit. Because the direct effect of applying the excitation signal to the speed or the torque can be seen from the modulation of the delivery head or the differential pressure. Depending on the operating point, this modulation then causes a more or less pronounced modulation of the flow rate of the pump unit.
  • the torque delivered by the pump assembly or the actual speed is preferably used as the mechanical variable.
  • An electrical variable as a system response can be, for example, the electrical power P el consumed by the electric motor of the pump unit or the current.
  • the change in at least one of these variables as a result of the modulation of the hydraulic variable is regarded as a system response.
  • the target speed can be modulated and the resulting electrical power consumption can be evaluated.
  • the output torque or the actual speed can be used for evaluation.
  • the setpoint torque can be excited and the resulting actual speed, the torque output or the electrical power consumption can be evaluated.
  • the periodic excitation signal can ideally be a sine signal or a signal containing a sine function.
  • the latter can also be a triangle or sawtooth signal, for example.
  • the excitation signal preferably corresponds to the periodic function that is used to form the evaluation signal.
  • the weighting factor defines the amplitude of the modulation of the manipulated variable.
  • the frequency of the excitation signal can be between 0.1 Hz and 100 Hz, preferably between 0.5 Hz and 10 Hz. It should be pointed out that the frequency must be selected depending on the hydraulic system in which the pump unit is operated. There are upper limits to the frequency due to the inertia of the rotor, the impeller and the liquid being pumped. In addition, the excitation frequency and speed controller of the pump unit must be matched to one another. Because if the frequency is too high, the speed controller may not be able to regulate the modulated target speed quickly enough. In this special case, however, the actual speed can be used for the evaluation.
  • the disadvantage of a frequency that is too low is that the response time for the calculation of the evaluation signal increases in accordance with the duration of the period, so that the method takes longer. If the frequency is too low, the system response can also be weak, so that the information about the abnormal operating state is also only weak in the evaluation signal. For this reason, the excitation frequency should not be too low, for example not less than 0.1 Hz.
  • the amplitude of the excitation signal can preferably be less than 25% of the speed setpoint. In particular, it can be between 0.1% and 25% of the speed setpoint. With a setpoint speed of 2000 rpm, for example, a speed fluctuation of ⁇ 2 rpm to ⁇ 500 rpm can be used.
  • the integral of the product of the system response and the periodic function over a period of time T is calculated.
  • This integration period T can be at least one period or a multiple of the period of the excitation signal.
  • the calculation of the evaluation signal or the integration can preferably be carried out during the modulation of the hydraulic variable, in particular the setpoint speed. The calculation therefore does not only take place when the modulation has ended. This prevents only the decaying system response from being analyzed. It is also advantageous if the calculation of the evaluation signal or the integration only begins after a certain period of time, for example after one or a few periods of the excitation signal have elapsed. This ensures that the system response is only analyzed when the system consisting of the pump unit and the connected pipelines has settled. Transient effects therefore do not affect the evaluation of the system response.
  • the method according to the invention is carried out continuously while the pump assembly is in operation. As a result, changes in the operating status can be recognized immediately.
  • the method can be carried out at suitable points in time, at time intervals, in particular regularly.
  • the method according to the invention can be started by a trigger during pump operation.
  • a trigger can be, for example, that another method for detecting an abnormal operating state, as is known in the prior art and can be implemented in an electronic system of the pump parallel to the method according to the invention, detects just such an abnormal operating state. Since this recognition can be imprecise, a verification can be carried out using the method according to the invention.
  • the method according to the invention can thus be activated during operation of the pump assembly if the use of a method known in the prior art for detecting an abnormal operating state detects an abnormal operating state.
  • an error signal can be output, for example optically, acoustically or as an electronic message, so that a user or service technician or a connected system (e.g. heating system or building management system) is informed of the abnormal operating state. He can then initiate appropriate measures. Alternatively, the pump set can be shut down to prevent further or more serious damage to the pump set or other components of the system.
  • a connected system e.g. heating system or building management system
  • the mechanical and/or electrical variable as a system response to the modulation can be recorded either at discrete points in time or continuously.
  • the system response is then available as a sequence of values, so that the multiplication with the periodic function and the integration of the product obtained in this way can take place at any time.
  • pump electronics for controlling and/or regulating the target speed of a pump unit are also proposed, which are set up for carrying out the method described above.
  • a pump assembly having such pump electronics is also proposed.
  • the pump unit can be, for example, a heating pump, a coolant pump or a drinking water pump.
  • the pump assembly is preferably an electric motor-driven centrifugal pump, ideally of wet-running or dry-running design.
  • the use of the method according to the invention makes it possible to dispense with sensors that are arranged externally to the pump electronics. This structurally simplifies the pump housing and makes its production cheaper. In addition, it is possible to reliably detect an abnormal operating state over a wide speed range.
  • figure 1 shows a diagram that illustrates the mode of action of a method for determining a dry run according to the prior art in a pump assembly during operation.
  • the diagram shows the hydraulic power P_hydr over the actual speed n_act.
  • the diagram shows a curve 11 measured in normal, wet-running operation and a curve 9 measured in abnormal, dry-running operation. It becomes clear that the wet-running curve 11 indicates a higher power output than the dry-running curve 9 at the same speed.
  • the power output of the pump set is therefore always lower in the event of dry running, at least unless the pump set is brand new or one that has been dry for a long time. Because in these cases the pump assembly has a higher dry-running curve that even intersects the wet-running curve 11 .
  • a curve is drawn approximately in the middle between the two curves 9, 11, which forms a decision threshold 10. It serves as a reference for the decision as to whether dry running is present or not with regard to the current speed and the current power. This determination can be made by comparison with the decision threshold 10. If the power is below the decision threshold 10, dry running can be assumed. As a rule, instead of the hydraulic power P_hydr in the prior art, the electrical power P el is determined and used to identify dry running.
  • this method provides reliable detection of dry running.
  • the wet-running curve 11 and the dry-running curve 9 are very close to one another at low speeds, reliable dry-running detection in this speed range is not possible with this method.
  • the method described below for hydraulically determining an abnormal operating state makes use of the dynamic behavior of the system, which is formed from the pump unit 1 and the pipelines connected to it and is analyzed by targeted excitation.
  • FIG. 3 A model of the system in which an embodiment variant of the method according to the invention can be applied is shown figure 3 as a block diagram.
  • a variable-speed centrifugal pump unit 1 is shown there, which is connected to a pipeline system 5 or is integrated into it.
  • the system can be a heating system, for example, and the pump assembly 1 can be a heating pump accordingly.
  • the piping system 5 is then formed by the lines leading to the radiators or heating circuits and leading back from them to a central heating source. For example, water that is driven by the pump unit 1 can circulate in the pipelines 5 as the liquid.
  • the pump unit 1 consists of a pump unit 2, which forms the hydraulic part of the unit 1, an electric motor drive unit 3, which forms the electromechanical part of the unit 1, and control electronics 4 for controlling and/or regulating the drive unit.
  • the drive unit 3 consists of an electromagnetic part 3a and a mechanical part 3b.
  • the control electronics 4 includes hardware 4b on the one hand and software 4a on the other.
  • the hardware 4b also includes power electronics such as a frequency converter, for example, in order to set a specific speed on the drive unit.
  • a setpoint speed n 0 can be predetermined for the control electronics 4 . Although this is shown here as coming from outside the control electronics 4, for example by manual specification, it can alternatively also come from a characteristic curve control or a dynamic, needs-based adjustment of the operating point of the pump unit 1, which itself is part of the control electronics 4, in particular part of its software 4a.
  • the drive unit 3 calculates the control electronics 4 or its software 4a a voltage U which is specified for the power electronics 4b so that the drive unit 3 has a corresponding electrical power P el available .
  • the pump impeller, which is seated on the rotor shaft, of the hydraulic part 2 of the pump unit 1 is now driven at the speed n actual .
  • the pump unit 1 generates a differential pressure between the suction side and the pressure side or a delivery height H which generates a more or less large volume flow Q in the pipeline system 5 depending on the pipeline resistance.
  • a hydraulic torque M hyd can be defined, which counteracts the engine torque M act as a braking torque.
  • the basic sequence of the method according to the invention is figure 2 shown. The method is carried out when the pump assembly is operating as intended, ie when the pump assembly 1 is connected to a pipework system 5 and is operated at any setpoint speed n 0 .
  • the method can also be used to detect other faults in the pump unit or in the overall system, provided that in this case the evaluation signal determined is also outside of a normal range that is defined by a corresponding decision threshold is limited.
  • n should n 0 + ⁇ A t
  • the excitation of the speed is purely sinusoidal here, but other modulations are also conceivable.
  • the amplitude n 1 is between 0.1% and 25% of the setpoint speed n 0 and can be set and fixed at the factory, for example at 1%.
  • the excitation frequency f or ⁇ should be dimensioned in such a way that the speed controller can follow the rate of change of the speed sufficiently quickly. In this case, no correction of the controller parameters, e.g Proportional gain, are made.
  • a frequency f of 1 Hz is used in the exemplary embodiment.
  • the electrical power P el consumed is used as the system response X (t) to the speed modulation. This can be measured or determined directly from the measured current and the measured or calculated voltage. Alternatively, the torque or the current drawn can also be used as the system response.
  • the system response can be determined by sampling at discrete points in time or continuously, so that the system response X (t) is present as a discrete or continuous series of measured values or calculated values. This is from step S3 figure 3 includes. For the sake of simplicity, only the case of the continuous series is treated here.
  • the evaluation signal I(t) is first determined. This is done by first multiplying the system response X (t) by a periodic function S(t), ie the product of the system response X (t) and this periodic function S(t) is formed.
  • the product of the system response X (t) and the function S(t) is then integrated over a period of time T, which corresponds to the period or a multiple k l of the period of the excitation signal f A (t).
  • the time t 0 is therefore in the past and does not represent the present at time t.
  • the integration of the integral can go from tT to t.
  • the system response X (t) is evaluated at the excitation frequency ⁇ or a multiple k l of the excitation frequency ⁇ over one or more periods 2 ⁇ / ⁇ , see step S4 in 2 .
  • a value is obtained that allows a statement to be made about the operating status.
  • This value of the evaluation signal is now compared with a decision threshold 10, see step S5 in 2 .
  • An operating state can be derived from the fact that the value is greater or less than the decision threshold.
  • step S8 If, for example in the case of dry running, the value of the evaluation signal I(t) is above the decision threshold 10, then there is no dry running, see No branch and step S8.
  • the method can then be continued with the excitation of the system, step S2.
  • the method can be terminated and reactivated at a later point in time, for example in a time-controlled manner or triggered by another trigger.
  • the procedure can be similar if it is recognized for another abnormal operation that the signal I(t) in this case lies below another minimum curve or above a maximum curve.
  • step S6 If, for example in the case of dry running, the value of the evaluation signal I(t) is below the decision threshold 10, then an abnormal operating state is present, see Yes branch and step S6.
  • An error message can then be output, step S7, for example as an optical or acoustic signal on the pump unit or another device for monitoring the pump unit, or as an electronic message to a building management system.
  • the pump unit can be switched off immediately in order to prevent further damage.
  • Equation Eq. 4 or 5 can be carried out numerically in a microprocessor of the pump electronics 4 or by an analog circuit.
  • a structural diagram with functional units and signals for carrying out the method according to the invention is shown in 4 given.
  • These functional units include a modulation unit 12, the drive motor 3, a system response determination unit 13, a dry-running detection unit 14 and a reaction unit 4a'.
  • the modulation unit 12, the system response determination unit 13, the dry-running detection 14 and the reaction unit 4a' can also be part of the pump electronics 4, in particular its software. You can also be partially formed by hardware components.
  • the system response determination unit 13 can include a sensor in order to determine the electrical power consumption and/or the reaction unit 4a′ can include a switch in order to switch off the pump unit.
  • the modulation unit 12 is supplied with the rotational speed setpoint n 0 .
  • the modulation unit 12 generates the periodic excitation signal f A (t) in the form of a sinusoidal signal n 1 sin( ⁇ t) and adds this to the speed setpoint n 0 so that a new speed setpoint n 0 + n 1 *sin( ⁇ t) which is output from modulation unit 12 .
  • the excitation signal f A (t) can also be output directly.
  • the new speed setpoint n 0 + n 1 ⁇ sin( ⁇ t) is set for the drive motor 3 using the in 4 Not shown power electronics set 4b.
  • the path of this signal is not differentiated in more detail here. It corresponds to the usual way when specifying the speed setpoint of an electric motor.
  • the drive motor 3 has a specific electrical power consumption P el , which represents a system response X(t) to the speed modulation.
  • the electrical power consumption P el is ascertained by the system response determination unit 13 .
  • the calculated evaluation signal I(t 0 ), I(t) is then output by the system response determination unit 13 and made available to the dry-running detection unit 14 .
  • the dry-running detection 14 If the evaluation signal l(t 0 ), l(t) is below the decision threshold 10, the dry-running detection 14 outputs an error signal. This is provided to the reaction unit 4a′, which reacts to the detected dry run with a predetermined measure, for example displays the error signal, forwards it to a higher-level controller or control system and/or switches off the drive motor 3 .
  • figure 5 illustrates values of the evaluation signal according to Equation 4 or 5 at different speeds and with dry running on the one hand and wet running on the other hand, with six curves 15 being shown in the case of wet running and only one operating point each in the form of a plus sign being given in the case of dry running.
  • the investigation was carried out at speeds of 800 rpm, 1200 rpm, 1600 rpm, 2000 rpm, 2400 rpm and 2800 rpm.
  • the thick black arrow indicates that the delivery flow Q increases upwards, ie the higher Q is, the larger the evaluation signal is.
  • Q 0.
  • a speed-dependent decision threshold 10 is drawn. This is defined here by a linear relationship between the evaluation signal and the speed. It connects points that are approximately in the middle between the minimum operating points (Qmin) of the wet-running curves 15 and the dry-running operating points.
  • the method presented here for modulating a manipulated variable of the pump unit and analyzing the system response to this makes it possible to easily and reliably make a reliable statement about an abnormal operating state during operation of the pump unit without using a sensor in the entire speed range. It can be easily integrated into the electronics of the pump unit because it can be implemented purely in software. Although dry running is mentioned in the above example, the principle of the invention can be transferred to the detection of other abnormal operating states.
  • the detection of an abnormal operating condition can be used to switch off the pump to protect it from wear or a corresponding signal to a higher-level control, e.g. B. to send a building management system.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Control Of Non-Positive-Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Claims (20)

  1. Procédé de détection de l'état de fonctionnement d'un groupe motopompe centrifuge (1) à vitesse variable entraîné à une vitesse de rotation nominale (n 0), caractérisé en ce que l'état de fonctionnement est un état de fonctionnement anormal qu'une variable de réglage du groupe motopompe (1) est soumise à un signal d'excitation périodique (fA(t)) d'une fréquence déterminée (f) de telle sorte que une grandeur hydraulique (H, Δp) du groupe motopompe (1) est modulée, que l'on calcule un signal d'évaluation (l(t0), l(t)) à partir d'une grandeur mécanique et/ou électrique (Pel) du groupe motopompe (1) en tant que réponse système (X(t)) au signal d'excitation (fA(t)) et on détermine à partir de là s'il existe un état de fonctionnement anormal.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le signal d'évaluation (l(t0), l(t)) est comparé à un seuil de décision (10) et en ce que l'on conclut de la présence d'un état de fonctionnement anormal si le signal d'évaluation (l(t0), l(t)) est supérieur ou inférieur au seuil de décision (10).
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que l'on conclut de la présence d'une marche à vide en tant qu'état de fonctionnement anormal si le signal d'évaluation (l(t0), l(t)) est inférieur au seuil de décision (10).
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que le seuil de décision dépend de la vitesse de rotation.
  5. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le signal d'évaluation (l(t0), l(t)) est formé par l'intégrale du produit de la réponse du système (X(t)) et d'une fonction périodique (S(t)) de la même fréquence (f) ou d'un multiple de la fréquence (f) du signal d'excitation (fA(t)) sur une période d'intégration prédéterminée (T).
  6. Procédé selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que la fonction périodique (S(t)) est une fonction sinusoïdale (S1(t)).
  7. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la variable de réglage et la vitesse de rotation nominale (n0), un couple de rotation ou un flux du groupe motopompe (1).
  8. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la grandeur hydraulique (H) est la hauteur manométrique (H) ou la pression différentielle (Δp) du groupe motopompe (1).
  9. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la grandeur mécanique est le couple de rotation (Mist ) indiqué par le groupe motopompe (1) ou la vitesse de rotation nominale (nist) du groupe motopompe (1).
  10. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la grandeur électrique est la puissance électrique consommée (Pel ) par le groupe motopompe (1) ou un courant absorbé.
  11. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le signal d'excitation (fA(t)) est un signal sinusoïdal ou un signal contenant une fonction sinusoïdale.
  12. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la fréquence (f) du signal d'excitation (fA(t)) est entre 0,1 Hz et 100 Hz.
  13. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'amplitude (n1) du signal d'excitation (fA(t)) est inférieure à 25% de la vitesse de rotation nominale (n0) d'une régulation de vitesse du groupe motopompe (1), plus particulièrement comprise entre 0,1% et 25% de la vitesse de rotation nominale (n0).
  14. Procédé selon la revendication 5 ou selon l'une des revendications 6 à 13 y renvoyant, caractérisé en ce que la période d'intégration (T) est une période ou un multiple (kl) de la période (2π/ω) du signal d'excitation (fA(t)).
  15. Procédé selon la revendication 5 ou selon l'une des revendications 6 à 14 y renvoyant, caractérisé en ce que l'intégration est réalisée pendant la modulation de la grandeur hydraulique (H), plus particulièrement de la vitesse de rotation nominale (nsoll ).
  16. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il est exécuté en continu pendant le fonctionnement du groupe motopompe (1).
  17. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il est activé pendant le fonctionnement du groupe motopompe (1) si l'utilisation d'une méthode de détection d'un état de fonctionnement anormal permet d'en détecter un.
  18. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'en cas de détection d'un état de fonctionnement anormal, un signal de défaut est émis et/ou le groupe motopompe (1) est arrêté.
  19. Circuit électronique de pompe pour la régulation et/ou la régulation de la vitesse de rotation nominale d'un groupe motopompe (1), caractérisé en ce qu'il est configuré pour exécuter le procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 18.
  20. Groupe motopompe présentant un circuit électronique de pompe selon la revendication 19.
EP18719751.2A 2017-04-28 2018-03-27 Procédé de détection d'un état de fonctionnement anormal d'un groupe de pompage Active EP3449132B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102017004097.4A DE102017004097A1 (de) 2017-04-28 2017-04-28 Verfahren zur Detektion eines abnormalen Betriebszustands eines Pumpenaggregats
PCT/EP2018/000120 WO2018197033A1 (fr) 2017-04-28 2018-03-27 Procédé de détection d'un état de fonctionnement anormal d'un groupe de pompage

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EP3449132B1 true EP3449132B1 (fr) 2023-08-16

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CN (1) CN110192036B (fr)
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CN114382703B (zh) * 2022-01-12 2024-02-02 江苏徐工工程机械研究院有限公司 排涝机器人的控制方法和排涝机器人
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DE102017004097A1 (de) 2018-10-31
CN110192036B (zh) 2021-07-06
EP3449132A1 (fr) 2019-03-06
CN110192036A (zh) 2019-08-30
WO2018197033A1 (fr) 2018-11-01

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