EP2649002B1 - Elevator system having a sound receiver for capturing solid-borne sound - Google Patents

Elevator system having a sound receiver for capturing solid-borne sound Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2649002B1
EP2649002B1 EP11784715.2A EP11784715A EP2649002B1 EP 2649002 B1 EP2649002 B1 EP 2649002B1 EP 11784715 A EP11784715 A EP 11784715A EP 2649002 B1 EP2649002 B1 EP 2649002B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
counterweight
guide
sound
evaluating circuit
solid
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EP11784715.2A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2649002A1 (en
Inventor
Karl Weinberger
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Inventio AG
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Inventio AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
    • B66B5/0006—Monitoring devices or performance analysers
    • B66B5/0018—Devices monitoring the operating condition of the elevator system
    • B66B5/0031—Devices monitoring the operating condition of the elevator system for safety reasons
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
    • B66B5/0006—Monitoring devices or performance analysers
    • B66B5/0018—Devices monitoring the operating condition of the elevator system
    • B66B5/0025—Devices monitoring the operating condition of the elevator system for maintenance or repair

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an elevator system with a sound pickup for detecting structure-borne noise and a method for operating such an elevator system according to the subject-matter of the patent claims.
  • the counterweight In an elevator installation with a car and a counterweight for balancing the weight of the car, the counterweight is typically suspended on a support and / or propellant via a bearing and guided by guide elements on guide rails. Such bearings and guide elements can be the starting point for a fatal malfunction of the elevator system. Because in case of failure of these elevator components either the counterweight can crash or tilt on the guide rails and get stuck. Both leads to damage and a costly repair of the elevator system.
  • the cabin is with electrical energy provided. This is typically done via a hanging cable that connects the cabin to a power grid. However, such a power supply is not provided for the counterweight.
  • the maximum distance between the elevator car and the counterweight may be up to approximately one shaft height. This distance can be so great and as a result of the sound level decrease so much that a reliable continuous monitoring of the counterweight is not guaranteed.
  • a continuous monitoring of the counterweight can be done, but this must be provided a relatively hoho number of microphones along the entire shaft extension. This is associated with increased assembly and material costs.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to develop a monitoring of elevator components on the counterweight, in particular a bearing or a guide element, taking into account the specific energy supply requirements of the counterweight.
  • the invention should be simple and inexpensive to implement.
  • an elevator installation has a car, a counterweight that balances the car, and a support and / or propellant on which the car and the counterweight are suspended.
  • the elevator system is characterized by the fact that a sound pickup is coupled to the elevator system and designed to detect structure-borne noise, which is generated at the counterweight.
  • An advantage of such an elevator installation is that elevator components which are located at the counterweight are to be monitored simply by means of the sound recorder. Because the sound pickup can be positioned at a location in the shaft that is easy to power. Thus, a complex power supply of the counterweight is not necessary.
  • the acoustic sensor is in this case particularly easily coupled to the support and / or propellant or to a guide plane of the counterweight. Both the carrying and / or blowing agent and the guide plane of the counterweight, for example a guide rail, transmit structure-borne noise from the counterweight to the sound pickup.
  • the carrying and / or blowing agent forms a loop between one of its first ends and a first deflection roller in which the counterweight is suspended via a bearing.
  • the counterweight In a 2: 1 suspension of the counterweight, the counterweight is typically suspended on a counterweight roller in the sling of the carrier and / or propellant.
  • the connection between this counterweight roller and the counterweight is realized by means of a bearing.
  • the bearing forms an axis of rotation about which the counterweight roller rotates.
  • the bearing of the counterweight roller is subject to a progressive aging process, which can lead to a functional failure of the bearing. For example, the connection between the counterweight roller and the bearing solve and crash the counterweight.
  • the clearance between the bearing and the counterweight roller as well as the rotational movement of the counterweight roller itself produce vibrations that are in a typical frequency and / or amplitude range.
  • the vibrations change with the passage of time or with increasing wear of the bearing and / or the counterweight roller.
  • the vibrations are transmitted as structure-borne noise via the support and propellant or the management level of the counterweight to the transducer. In this case, the vibration course over time is detected by the transducer.
  • the counterweight is guided by means of at least one guide element on a guide plane.
  • the guide element may be a guide shoe, a guide roller or the like.
  • the management level is realized as a guide rail or as a guide cable or the like.
  • a guide shoe or a guide roller is subjected to a wear and aging process with continuous use duration. For example, guide surfaces of the guide shoe or the bearings of the guide roller become worn. The wear of these guide elements can lead to a functional failure, whereby the reliable guidance of the counterweight may no longer be guaranteed.
  • This game leads in the process of the counterweight to vibrations that propagate as structure-borne noise, for example in the guide rails or via suspension bearings of the counterweight in the carrying and / or propellant.
  • the vibrations between the guide elements and, for example, a guide rail are in a characteristic frequency range and / or amplitude range. With continuous wear of the guide elements and / or the guide surface, this frequency range or amplitude range changes accordingly. These changes in the vibration behavior can be detected via transmission of structure-borne noise by the sound sensor.
  • the sound pickup is coupled to the first end of the carrying and / or propellant.
  • the sound pickup is coupled to the guide plane of the counterweight. Also in this arrangement, the sound pickup is particularly easy to a with respect to the roadway of the counterweight stationary elevator component, such as a guide rail, mountable.
  • an evaluation circuit is connected to the sound pickup and evaluates the detected structure-borne sound.
  • the evaluation circuit has at least one processor and one memory unit.
  • the invention also relates to a method for operating the above elevator installation, wherein the acoustic sensor detects structure-borne noise, which is generated at the counterweight and transmitted by means of the carrying and / or propellant.
  • the evaluation circuit evaluates the detected structure-borne sound.
  • the structure-borne sound detected by the sound sensor is evaluated in terms of frequency and / or amplitude as a frequency spectrum.
  • the evaluated frequency spectrum is compared with at least one stored in the evaluation frequency spectrum, which represents an operating value, compared.
  • the evaluation of structure-borne noise and the comparison of the frequency spectra in the processor are made.
  • the stored frequency spectrum or the operating value is stored in the memory unit.
  • the stored frequency spectrum can correspond to a frequency spectrum which comprises at least the characteristic frequencies and / or amplitudes of the elevator component to be monitored in admissible operation. This is a permissible operating value. If the evaluated frequency spectrum corresponds to the stored frequency spectrum, there is a positive evaluation result. The permissible operating value is therefore maintained.
  • the stored frequency spectrum may represent an inadmissible operating value.
  • the frequency spectrum includes at least those characteristic frequencies and / or amplitudes that occur in an impermissible operation of the monitored elevator component. A positive evaluation result is then present, as long as the evaluated frequency spectrum does not correspond to the stored frequency spectrum. The inadmissible operating value is therefore not achieved.
  • a plurality of frequency spectra are stored in the evaluation circuit, which represent at least one permissible and / or an impermissible operating value.
  • the evaluated frequency spectrum is compared with several stored frequency spectra. If the evaluated frequency spectrum corresponds to one of the stored frequency spectra of a permissible operating value or as long as the evaluated frequency spectrum does not correspond to one of the stored frequency spectra of an impermissible operating value, a positive evaluation result is present.
  • the evaluation result here includes the operating mode of the elevator installation, such as a normal operation or a maintenance operation, which are assigned to a permissible operating value.
  • the evaluation result includes the information which elevator component, for example a bearing or a guide element, has reached the inadmissible operating value.
  • the evaluation circuit compares the detected structure-borne noise with an operating value and triggers a state change alarm upon detection of a malfunction.
  • the evaluation circuit compares the detected structure-borne sound with a permissible operating value and triggers the state change alarm in the event of deviation from the permissible operating value.
  • the evaluation circuit compares the detected structure-borne noise with an inadmissible operating value and triggers a state change alarm when the inadmissible operating value is reached.
  • the state change alarm indicates that the elevator component to be monitored, such as a bearing or a guide element of the counterweight, is to be replaced or repaired.
  • the elevator installation is provided for maintenance work.
  • a service technician is notified to service the elevator system.
  • the responsibility alert preferably contains the information as to which of the elevator components to be monitored has reached the inadmissible operating value. This simplifies the fault diagnosis and shortens the maintenance work.
  • the elevator installation is shut down in the event of a responsibility change alarm.
  • the occurrence of a fatal malfunction can be prevented.
  • the disused elevator system is provided for a maintenance work.
  • Fig. 1 shows an elevator system 10.
  • This elevator system has a car 1, a counterweight 2, a support and propellant 3, in which the car 1 and the counterweight 3 are suspended in a 2: 1 ratio and a pulley 5.1.
  • the traction sheave is 5.1 with a in the Fig. 1 not shown drive unit coupled for clarity, and is in operative contact with the carrying and propellant. 3
  • the car 1 and the counterweight 2 are movable by means of a rotational movement of the traction sheave 5.1, which transmits a drive torque of the drive unit to the support and propellant means 3 substantially along vertically oriented guide rails.
  • the guide rails in the Fig. 1 not shown.
  • the car 1 and the counterweight 2 are guided by means of guide elements, such as guide shoes or guide rollers on the guide rails.
  • the counterweight 2 is suspended in a first loop of the carrying and propellant 3.
  • the first loop is formed by a part of the support and propellant, which lies between a first end 3.2 of the support and propellant 3 and a guide roller 5.2.
  • the counterweight 2 is suspended by means of a bearing 4.1 on the first loop.
  • the counterweight 2 is coupled to the bearing 4.1.
  • the bearing 4.1 represents the fulcrum of a counterweight support roller 4.
  • the support and / or propellant 3 extends from a first fixed point, to which the first end 3.2 of the support and / or propellant is attached, down to the counterweight roller 4
  • the carrying and / or propellant 3 wraps around the counterweight carrying roller 4 by approximately 180 ° and then extends upwards to the first deflecting roller 5.2.
  • the cabin 1 is suspended in a second loop of the carrying and / or propellant 3.
  • the second loop is formed by a part of the carrying and / or propellant, which lies between a second end 3.1 of the support and / or propellant 3 and a second traction sheave 5.1.
  • the cabin 1 is suspended by means of two cabin carrying rollers 7.1, 7.2 on the second loop. It goes the carrying and / or propellant 3 from a second fixed point to which the second end 3.1 of the carrying and / or propellant is attached, down to a first cabin roll 7.1.
  • the carrying and / or propellant 3 wraps around the first cabin roll 7.1 by approximately 90 °, then extends substantially horizontally to a second cabin roll 7.2 and umschling the second cabin roll 7.2 by approximately 90 °. Furthermore, the carrying and / or propellant 3 extends upward to the traction sheave 5.1. From the traction sheave 5.1, the carrying and / or propellant 3 finally extends to the first guide pulley 5.2.
  • the two fixed points at which the first and second ends 3.2, 3.1 of the carrying and / or propellant 3 are attached, the guide pulley 5.2, the traction sheave 5.1, and the guide rails of the car 1 and the counterweight 2 are directly or indirectly to a supporting structure, typically shaft walls, coupled.
  • the first end 3.2 of the carrying and / or propellant 3 is coupled to a sound pickup 8.
  • the sound sensor 8 detects structure-borne sound, which transmits the carrying and / or propellant 3 thereto.
  • the sound pickup is coupled to a guide rail of the counterweight 2.
  • the sound pickup 8 detects structure-borne noise, which transmits the guide rail to the sound pickup 8.
  • the structure-borne noise arises when operating the elevator installation 10 by vibrations on elevator components. For example, vibrations occur through the play between the guide elements of the car 1 or the guide elements of the counterweight 2 and the corresponding guide rails, by the drive unit, by the play in the bearings of the guide pulley 5.2, traction sheave 5.1, cabin roll 7.1, 7.2 and counterweight roller 4, and Vibrations of the carrying and blowing agent 3 itself.
  • the acoustic sensor preferably detects structure-borne noise in a frequency range between 5 and 60000 Hz, in particular between 5 and 2500 Hz.
  • an evaluation circuit 9 is provided.
  • the evaluation circuit 9 is connected to the evaluation circuit 9 via a signal transmission path, typically a signal line.
  • a signal transmission path typically a signal line.
  • the sound sensor 8 transforms the detected structure-borne noise into a signal and transmits this signal via the signal transmission path to the evaluation circuit 9.
  • the evaluation circuit 9 has at least one processor and a memory unit. From the transducer 8 incoming signals are spectrally analyzed by the processor, in particular the frequencies and amplitudes of the transmitted structure-borne noise. This spectral analysis leads to a frequency spectrum. The processor can now compare this frequency spectrum with one or more frequency spectra stored in the memory unit.
  • the frequency spectra stored on the memory unit correspond to different operating values.
  • An operating value can represent both a permissible and an impermissible operating value.
  • a state change alarm is triggered by the evaluation circuit 9.
  • the triggering of the state change alarm leads at least to the fact that the elevator installation 10 is provided for a maintenance work in which the malfunction of the elevator installation 10 is remedied. For example, a service center is alerted to instruct a service technician to service the corresponding elevator installation 10. Alternatively, when a state change alarm is triggered, the service technician is notified directly via a mobile radio receiving system in communication with the elevator installation to service the corresponding elevator installation 10.
  • the service technician is set in knowledge of the Radiosart.
  • the maintenance technician can procure specific replacement material in order to repair the elevator system as quickly and efficiently as possible.
  • the elevator system is also silent when a state change alarm occurs.
  • a service technician is also instructed to wait for the lift system 10 and to put it back into service.

Landscapes

  • Lift-Guide Devices, And Elevator Ropes And Cables (AREA)
  • Maintenance And Inspection Apparatuses For Elevators (AREA)
  • Cage And Drive Apparatuses For Elevators (AREA)
  • Indicating And Signalling Devices For Elevators (AREA)
  • Elevator Control (AREA)

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Aufzugsanlage mit einem Schallaufnehmer zum Erfassen von Körperschall und ein Verfahren zum Betreiben einer solchen Aufzugsanlage gemäss dem Gegenstand der Patentansprüche.The present invention relates to an elevator system with a sound pickup for detecting structure-borne noise and a method for operating such an elevator system according to the subject-matter of the patent claims.

In einer Aufzugsanlage mit einer Kabine und einem Gegengewicht zum Ausbalancieren der Gewichtskraft der Kabine, ist das Gegengewicht typischerweise an einem Trag- und/oder Treibmittel über ein Lager aufgehängt und mittels Führungselementen an Führungsschienen geführt. Solche Lager und Führungselemente können Ausgangspunkt für eine fatale Fehlfunktion der Aufzugsanlage darstellen. Denn bei Versagen dieser Aufzugskomponenten kann entweder das Gegengewicht abstürzen oder an den Führungsschienen verkanten und stecken bleiben. Beides führt zu einer Beschädigung und einer aufwendigen Instandsetzung der Aufzugsanlage.In an elevator installation with a car and a counterweight for balancing the weight of the car, the counterweight is typically suspended on a support and / or propellant via a bearing and guided by guide elements on guide rails. Such bearings and guide elements can be the starting point for a fatal malfunction of the elevator system. Because in case of failure of these elevator components either the counterweight can crash or tilt on the guide rails and get stuck. Both leads to damage and a costly repair of the elevator system.

Eine Überwachung der Funktionsfähigkeit dieser Aufzugskomponenten am Gegengewicht, nämlich des Lagers und der Führungselemente würde eine Abhilfe des obigen Problems leisten,Monitoring the functioning of these elevator components on the counterweight, namely the bearing and the guide elements, would remedy the above problem,

In der Literatur sind mehrere Lösungen bekannt wie mittels Mikrophone Schallwellen, die sich in einem gasförmigen Medium fortsetzen, erfasst werden, um Aufzugskomponenten am Gegengewicht zu überwachen. Mittels der erfassten Schallwellen lassen sich anhand von Pegel- oder Frequonzänderungen Rückschlüsse auf die Funktionsfähigkeit dieser Aufzugskomponenten ziehen. Hierbei zeigen die die Schriften JP2007-197150 A , JP2007-137647A , CN101580198 A und WO2009/126140 A1 , dass solche Mikrophone im Innenraum der Kabine, auf der Kabine, auf dem Gegengewicht selbst oder an entlang des Schachts angeordnet sein können. Zudem offenbart WO2009/126140 , dass Mikrophone optional durch andersartige Sensoren ersetzbar sind, die beispielsweise dazu ausgelegt sind, Vibrationen zu erfassen.There are several known solutions in the literature for detecting, by means of microphones, sound waves propagating in a gaseous medium, in order to monitor elevator components at the counterweight. By means of the detected sound waves conclusions about the functionality of these elevator components can be drawn on the basis of level or frequency changes. Here are the writings show JP2007-197150 A . JP2007-137647A . CN101580198 A and WO2009 / 126140 A1 in that such microphones can be arranged in the interior of the cabin, on the cabin, on the counterweight itself or along the shaft. Also revealed WO2009 / 126140 in that microphones can optionally be replaced by other types of sensors, which are designed, for example, to detect vibrations.

Bei einer herkömmlichen Aufzugsanlage ist die Kabine mit elektrischer Energie versorgt. Dies erfolgt typischerweise über ein Hängekabel, das die Kabine mit einem Stromnetz verbindet. Eine solche Energieversorgung ist jedoch für das Gegengewicht nicht vorgesehen.In a conventional elevator system, the cabin is with electrical energy provided. This is typically done via a hanging cable that connects the cabin to a power grid. However, such a power supply is not provided for the counterweight.

Daraus ergeben sich für die vorgenannten Lösungen in der Literatur mehrere Nachteile. Im Falle von Mikrophonen, die an Aufzugskabine angeordnet sind, kann die maximale Distanz zwischen der Aufzugskabine und dem Gegengewicht bis annähernd eine Schachthöhe betragen. Diese Distanz kann dermassen gross sein und als Folge der Schallpegel dermassen abnehmen, dass eine zuverlässige durchgehende Überwachung des Gegengewichts nicht gewährleistet ist. Bei einer Anordnung der Mikrophone entlang des Schachts, kann eine durchgehende Überwachung des Gegengewichts erfolgen, dazu muss aber eine relativ hoho Anzahl Mikrophone entlang der ganzen Schachtausdehnung vorgesehen sein. Dies geht mit erhöhten Montage- und Materialkosten einher. Schliesslich stellt sich bei einer Anordnung eines Mikrophons auf einem Gegengewicht wie bereits zuvor angedeutet, die Frage, wie das Mikrophon auf dem Gegengewicht mit Energie zu versorgen ist.This results in several disadvantages for the abovementioned solutions in the literature. In the case of microphones arranged on the elevator car, the maximum distance between the elevator car and the counterweight may be up to approximately one shaft height. This distance can be so great and as a result of the sound level decrease so much that a reliable continuous monitoring of the counterweight is not guaranteed. In an arrangement of the microphones along the shaft, a continuous monitoring of the counterweight can be done, but this must be provided a relatively hoho number of microphones along the entire shaft extension. This is associated with increased assembly and material costs. Finally, with an arrangement of a microphone on a counterweight, as already indicated above, the question arises as to how the microphone on the counterweight is to be supplied with energy.

Deshalb liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Überwachung von Aufzugskomponenten am Gegengewicht, insbesondere eines Lagers oder eines Führungselements, unter Berücksichtigung der spezifischen Energieversorgungsvoraussetzungen des Gegengewichts zu entwickeln. Gleichzeitig soll die Erfindung einfach und günstig umsetzbar sein.The invention is therefore based on the object to develop a monitoring of elevator components on the counterweight, in particular a bearing or a guide element, taking into account the specific energy supply requirements of the counterweight. At the same time, the invention should be simple and inexpensive to implement.

Gemäss eines Aspekts verfügt eine Aufzugsanlage über eine Kabine, ein Gegengewicht, das die Kabine ausbalanciert und ein Trag- und/oder Treibmittel, an welchem die Kabine und das Gegengewicht aufgehängt sind. Die Aufzugsanlage zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass ein Schallaufnehmer mit der Aufzugsanlage gekoppelt ist und dazu ausgelegt ist Körperschall, der am Gegengewicht erzeugt wird, zu erfassen.According to one aspect, an elevator installation has a car, a counterweight that balances the car, and a support and / or propellant on which the car and the counterweight are suspended. The elevator system is characterized by the fact that a sound pickup is coupled to the elevator system and designed to detect structure-borne noise, which is generated at the counterweight.

Ein Vorteil einer solchen Aufzugsanlage liegt darin, dass Aufzugskomponenten, die am Gegengewicht liegen einfach mittels des Schallaufnehmers zu überwachen sind. Denn der Schallaufnehmer kann an einer Stelle im Schacht positioniert werden, die einfach mit Energie zu versorgen ist. Somit ist eine aufwendige Energieversorgung des Gegengewichts nicht notwendig. Der Schallaufnehmer ist hierbei besonders einfach an das Trag- und/oder Treibmittel oder an eine Führungsebene des Gegengewichts koppelbar. Sowohl das Trag- und/oder Treibmittel als auch die Führungsebene des Gegengewichts, beispielsweise eine Führungsschiene, übertragen Körperschall vom Gegengewicht zum Schallaufnehmer.An advantage of such an elevator installation is that elevator components which are located at the counterweight are to be monitored simply by means of the sound recorder. Because the sound pickup can be positioned at a location in the shaft that is easy to power. Thus, a complex power supply of the counterweight is not necessary. The acoustic sensor is in this case particularly easily coupled to the support and / or propellant or to a guide plane of the counterweight. Both the carrying and / or blowing agent and the guide plane of the counterweight, for example a guide rail, transmit structure-borne noise from the counterweight to the sound pickup.

Gemäss eines weiteren Aspekts bildet das Trag- und/oder Treibmittel zwischen einem seiner ersten Enden und einer ersten Umlenkrolle eine Schlinge, in der das Gegengewicht über ein Lager aufgehängt ist.According to a further aspect, the carrying and / or blowing agent forms a loop between one of its first ends and a first deflection roller in which the counterweight is suspended via a bearing.

Ein Vorteil einer solchen 2:1 Aufhängung des Gegengewichts liegt in der Anwendung kleinerer Antriebe, wobei die vom Antrieb zu erbringende Antriebsleistung annähernd halbiert wird. Dem Fachmann steht es aber frei, das Gegengewicht 1:1, also direkt an einem Ende des Trag- und/oder Treibmittels hängend oder in irgendeinem anderen Aufhängungsverhältnis, das höher als 2:1 liegt, also beispielsweise 3:1 oder 4:1, aufzuhängen.An advantage of such a 2: 1 suspension of the counterweight is the use of smaller drives, wherein the drive power to be provided by the drive is approximately halved. The person skilled in the art is free, the counterweight 1: 1, so hanging directly on one end of the support and / or blowing agent or in any other suspension ratio that is higher than 2: 1, so for example 3: 1 or 4: 1, hang.

Bei einer 2:1 Aufhängung des Gegengewichts ist das Gegengewicht typischerweise an einer Gegengewichtstragrolle in der Schlinge des Trag- und/oder Treibmittels aufgehängt. Die Verbindung zwischen dieser Gegengewichtstragrolle und dem Gegengewicht ist mittels eines Lagers realisiert. Das Lager bildet dabei eine Drehachse, um die sich die Gegengewichtstragrolle dreht. Das Lager der Gegengewichtstragrolle unterliegt einem fortschreitenden Alterungsprozess, der zu einem Funktionsversagen des Lagers führen kann. So kann sich beispielsweise die Verbindung zwischen der Gegengewichtstragrolle und dem Lager lösen und das Gegengewicht abstürzen.In a 2: 1 suspension of the counterweight, the counterweight is typically suspended on a counterweight roller in the sling of the carrier and / or propellant. The connection between this counterweight roller and the counterweight is realized by means of a bearing. The bearing forms an axis of rotation about which the counterweight roller rotates. The bearing of the counterweight roller is subject to a progressive aging process, which can lead to a functional failure of the bearing. For example, the connection between the counterweight roller and the bearing solve and crash the counterweight.

Das Spiel zwischen dem Lager und der Gegengewichtstragrolle sowie die Drehbewegung der Gegengewichtstragrolle selbst erzeugen Vibrationen, die in einem typischen Frequenz- und/oder Amplitudenbereich liegen. Die Vibrationen ändern sich mit dem Verlauf der Zeit bzw. mit zunehmender Abnützung des Lagers und/oder der Gegengewichtstragrolle. Die Vibrationen werden als Körperschall über die Trag- und Treibmittel oder die Führungsebene des Gegengewichts an den Schallaufnehmer übertragen. Dabei wird der Vibrationsverlauf über die Zeit vom Schallaufnehmer erfasst.The clearance between the bearing and the counterweight roller as well as the rotational movement of the counterweight roller itself produce vibrations that are in a typical frequency and / or amplitude range. The vibrations change with the passage of time or with increasing wear of the bearing and / or the counterweight roller. The vibrations are transmitted as structure-borne noise via the support and propellant or the management level of the counterweight to the transducer. In this case, the vibration course over time is detected by the transducer.

Gemäss eines weiteren Aspekts ist das Gegengewicht mittels mindestens einem Führungselement an einer Führungsebene geführt. Dabei kann das Führungselement einen Führungsschuh, eine Führungsrolle oder dergleichen darstellen. Desweiteren ist die Führungsebene als Führungsschiene oder als Führungsseil oder dergleichen realisiert.According to a further aspect, the counterweight is guided by means of at least one guide element on a guide plane. In this case, the guide element may be a guide shoe, a guide roller or the like. Furthermore, the management level is realized as a guide rail or as a guide cable or the like.

Die Führung eines Gegengewichts mittels Führungselementen an einer Führungsebene ist aus Sicherheitsgründen erforderlich. Eine solche Führung hält das Gegengewicht auf einer vorgegebenen Fahrbahn und verhindert ein unzulässiges Schwingen der Gegengewichte im Schacht.The guidance of a counterweight by means of guide elements on a management level is required for safety reasons. Such a guide keeps the counterweight on a given road and prevents inadmissible swinging of the counterweights in the shaft.

Ein Führungsschuh oder eine Führungsrolle ist mit fortlaufender Benützungsdauer einem Verschleiß- und Alterungsprozeß ausgeliefert. So werden beispielsweise Führungsflächen des Führungsschuhs oder die Lager der Führungsrolle abgenutzt. Die Abnützung dieser Führungselemente kann zu einem Funktionsversagen führen, wobei die zuverlässige Führung des Gegengewichts möglicherweise nicht mehr gewährleistet ist.A guide shoe or a guide roller is subjected to a wear and aging process with continuous use duration. For example, guide surfaces of the guide shoe or the bearings of the guide roller become worn. The wear of these guide elements can lead to a functional failure, whereby the reliable guidance of the counterweight may no longer be guaranteed.

Zwischen dem Führungselement und einer Führungsfläche besteht ein Spiel. Dieses Spiel führt beim Verfahren des Gegengewichts zu Vibrationen, die sich als Körperschall beispielsweise in den Führungsschienen bzw. via Aufhängungslager des Gegengewichts im Trag- und/oder Treibmittel ausbreiten.There is a play between the guide element and a guide surface. This game leads in the process of the counterweight to vibrations that propagate as structure-borne noise, for example in the guide rails or via suspension bearings of the counterweight in the carrying and / or propellant.

Im störungsfreien Betrieb mit intakter Funktionsfähigkeit der Führungselemente liegen die Vibrationen zwischen den Führungselementen und beispielsweise einer Führungsschiene in einem charakteristischen Frequenzbereich und/oder Amplitudenbereich. Bei fortlaufendem Verschleiß der Führungselemente und/oder der Führungsfläche ändert sich dieser Frequenzbereich oder Amplitudenbereich entsprechend. Diese Änderungen im Vibrationsverhalten lassen sich via Übertragung von Körperschall durch den Schallaufnehmer erfassen.In trouble-free operation with intact functioning of the guide elements, the vibrations between the guide elements and, for example, a guide rail are in a characteristic frequency range and / or amplitude range. With continuous wear of the guide elements and / or the guide surface, this frequency range or amplitude range changes accordingly. These changes in the vibration behavior can be detected via transmission of structure-borne noise by the sound sensor.

Gemäss der Erfindung ist der Schallaufnehmer an das erste Ende der Trag- und/oder Treibmittel gekoppelt.According to the invention, the sound pickup is coupled to the first end of the carrying and / or propellant.

Der Vorteil dieser Schallaufnehmeranordnung liegt darin, dass ein Ende des Trag- und Treibmittels bezüglich seines Aufhängepunktes stationär liegt, d.h. dass der Schallaufnehmer besonders einfach an das Ende des Trag- und/oder Treibmittels koppelbar ist.The advantage of this Schallaufnehmeranordnung is that one end of the support and propellant is stationary with respect to its suspension point, i. that the sound pickup is particularly easy to connect to the end of the carrying and / or propellant.

Alternativ ist gemäß der Erfindung der Schallaufnehmer an die Führungsebene des Gegengewichts gekoppelt. Auch in dieser Anordnung ist der Schallaufnehmer besonders einfach an eine bezüglich der Fahrbahn des Gegengewichts stationär liegende Aufzugskomponente, wie beispielsweise eine Führungsschiene, montierbar.Alternatively, according to the invention, the sound pickup is coupled to the guide plane of the counterweight. Also in this arrangement, the sound pickup is particularly easy to a with respect to the roadway of the counterweight stationary elevator component, such as a guide rail, mountable.

Gemäss der Erfindung ist eine Auswerteschaltung mit dem Schallaufnehmer verbunden und wertet den erfaßten Körperschall aus. Die Auswerteschaltung verfügt zumindest über einen Prozessor und eine Speichereinheit.According to the invention, an evaluation circuit is connected to the sound pickup and evaluates the detected structure-borne sound. The evaluation circuit has at least one processor and one memory unit.

Die Erfindung betrifft zudem ein Verfahren zum Betreiben der obigen Aufzugsanlage, wobei der Schallaufnehmer Körperschall erfasst, der am Gegengewicht erzeugt und mittels des Trag- und/oder Treibmittels übertragen wird. Vorzugsweise wertet die Auswerteschaltung den erfaßten Körperschall aus.The invention also relates to a method for operating the above elevator installation, wherein the acoustic sensor detects structure-borne noise, which is generated at the counterweight and transmitted by means of the carrying and / or propellant. Preferably, the evaluation circuit evaluates the detected structure-borne sound.

Mittels der Auswerteschaltung wird der vom Schallaufnehmer erfaßte Körperschall hinsichtlich Frequenz und/oder Amplitude als Frequenzspektrum ausgewertet. Das ausgewertete Frequenzspektrum wird mit zumindest einem in der Auswerteschaltung abgelegten Frequenzspektrum, der einen Betriebswert darstellt, verglichen. Dabei werden die Auswertung des Körperschalls und der Vergleich der Frequenzspektren im Prozessor vorgenommen. Das abgelegte Frequenzspektrum bzw. der Betriebswert ist in der Speichereinheit hinterlegt.By means of the evaluation circuit, the structure-borne sound detected by the sound sensor is evaluated in terms of frequency and / or amplitude as a frequency spectrum. The evaluated frequency spectrum is compared with at least one stored in the evaluation frequency spectrum, which represents an operating value, compared. The evaluation of structure-borne noise and the comparison of the frequency spectra in the processor are made. The stored frequency spectrum or the operating value is stored in the memory unit.

Das abgelegte Frequenzspektrum kann einem Frequenzspektrum, das zumindest die charakteristischen Frequenzen und/oder Amplituden der zu überwachenden Aufzugskomponente im zulässigen Betrieb umfasst, entsprechen. Hierbei handelt es sich um einen zulässigen Betriebswert. Falls das ausgewertete Frequenzspektrum dem abgelegten Frequenzspektrum entspricht, liegt ein positives Auswertergebnis vor. Der zulässige Betriebswert wird also eingehalten.The stored frequency spectrum can correspond to a frequency spectrum which comprises at least the characteristic frequencies and / or amplitudes of the elevator component to be monitored in admissible operation. This is a permissible operating value. If the evaluated frequency spectrum corresponds to the stored frequency spectrum, there is a positive evaluation result. The permissible operating value is therefore maintained.

Alternativ kann das abgelegte Frequenzspektrum einen unzulässigen Betriebswert darstellen. Auch hier umfaßt das Frequenzspektrum zumindest diejenigen charakteristischen Frequenzen und/oder Amplituden, die bei einem unzulässigen Betrieb der zu überwachenden Aufzugskomponente auftreten. Ein positives Auswertergebnis liegt hier dann vor, solange das ausgewertete Frequenzspektrum nicht dem abgelegten Frequenzspektrum entspricht. Der unzulässige Betriebswert wird also nicht erreicht.Alternatively, the stored frequency spectrum may represent an inadmissible operating value. Again, the frequency spectrum includes at least those characteristic frequencies and / or amplitudes that occur in an impermissible operation of the monitored elevator component. A positive evaluation result is then present, as long as the evaluated frequency spectrum does not correspond to the stored frequency spectrum. The inadmissible operating value is therefore not achieved.

In einer bevorzugten Ausführung sind mehrere Frequenzspektren in der Auswerteschaltung abgelegt, die zumindest einen zulässigen und/oder einen unzulässigen Betriebswert darstellen. In diesem Fall wird das ausgewertete Frequenzspektrum mit mehreren abgelegten Frequenzspektren verglichen. Falls das ausgewertete Frequenzspektrum einem der abgelegten Frequenzspektren eines zulässigen Betriebswerts entspricht bzw. solange das ausgewertete Frequenzspektrum keinem der abgelegten Frequenzspektren eines unzulässigen Betriebswerts entspricht, liegt ein positives Auswertergebnis vor. Vorzugsweise beinhaltet hier das Auswertergebnis die Betriebsart der Aufzugsanlage, wie beispielsweise ein Normalbetrieb oder ein Wartungsbetrieb, die einem zulässigen Betriebswert zugeordnet sind. Zudem umfasst das Auswertergebnis die Information, welche Aufzugskomponente, beispielsweise ein Lager oder ein Führungselement, den unzulässigen Betriebswert erreicht hat.In a preferred embodiment, a plurality of frequency spectra are stored in the evaluation circuit, which represent at least one permissible and / or an impermissible operating value. In this case, the evaluated frequency spectrum is compared with several stored frequency spectra. If the evaluated frequency spectrum corresponds to one of the stored frequency spectra of a permissible operating value or as long as the evaluated frequency spectrum does not correspond to one of the stored frequency spectra of an impermissible operating value, a positive evaluation result is present. Preferably, the evaluation result here includes the operating mode of the elevator installation, such as a normal operation or a maintenance operation, which are assigned to a permissible operating value. In addition, the evaluation result includes the information which elevator component, for example a bearing or a guide element, has reached the inadmissible operating value.

Gemäss eines weiteren Aspekts des Verfahrens vergleicht die Auswerteschaltung den erfassten Körperschall mit einem Betriebswert und löst bei Erfassung einer Betriebsstörung einen Zustandänderungs-Alarm aus. Insbesondere vergleicht die Auswerteschaltung den erfaßten Körperschall mit einem zulässigen Betriebswert und löst bei Abweichung vom zulässigen Betriebswert den Zustandänderungs-Alarm aus. Alternativ dazu vergleicht die Auswerteschaltung den erfaßten Körperschall mit einem unzulässigen Betriebswert und löst bei Erreichen des unzulässigen Betriebswerts einen Zustandänderungs-Alarm aus.According to a further aspect of the method, the evaluation circuit compares the detected structure-borne noise with an operating value and triggers a state change alarm upon detection of a malfunction. In particular, the evaluation circuit compares the detected structure-borne sound with a permissible operating value and triggers the state change alarm in the event of deviation from the permissible operating value. Alternatively, the evaluation circuit compares the detected structure-borne noise with an inadmissible operating value and triggers a state change alarm when the inadmissible operating value is reached.

Der Zustandänderungs-Alarm zeigt an, dass die zu überwachende Aufzugskomponente, wie beispielsweise ein Lager oder ein Führungselement des Gegengewichts, zu ersetzen oder zu reparieren ist.The state change alarm indicates that the elevator component to be monitored, such as a bearing or a guide element of the counterweight, is to be replaced or repaired.

Dementsprechend löst sowohl ein beschädigtes Lager über das das Gegengewicht am Treib- und/oder Tragmittel aufgehängt ist als auch ein beschädigtes Führungselement, das das Gegengewicht an der Führungsebene führt, den Zustandänderungs-Alarm aus.Accordingly, both a damaged bearing over which the counterweight is suspended on the drive and / or suspension means and a damaged guide member carrying the counterweight at the management level will trigger the condition change alarm.

Gemäss eines weiteren Aspekts des Verfahrens wird bei einem Zuständigkeitänderungs-Alarm die Aufzugsanlage für eine Wartungsarbeit vorgesehen. Hierbei wird ein Wartungstechniker benachrichtigt, die Aufzugsanlage zu warten. Vorzugsweise beinhaltet der Zuständigkeits-Alarm die Information, welche der zu überwachenden Aufzugskomponenten den unzulässigen Betriebswert erreicht hat. Dies vereinfacht die Fehlerdiagnose und verkürzt die Wartungsarbeit.According to a further aspect of the method, in the case of a responsibility change alarm, the elevator installation is provided for maintenance work. A service technician is notified to service the elevator system. The responsibility alert preferably contains the information as to which of the elevator components to be monitored has reached the inadmissible operating value. This simplifies the fault diagnosis and shortens the maintenance work.

Gemäss eines weiteren Aspekts des Verfahrens wird bei einem Zuständigkeitänderungs-Alarm die Aufzugsanlage stillgelegt. Durch das Stillegen der Aufzugsanlage kann das Auftreten einer fatalen Fehlfunktion verhindert werden. In der Folge wird die stillgelegte Aufzugsanlage für eine Wartungsarbeit vorgesehen.According to a further aspect of the method, the elevator installation is shut down in the event of a responsibility change alarm. By shutting down the elevator system, the occurrence of a fatal malfunction can be prevented. As a result, the disused elevator system is provided for a maintenance work.

Im Folgenden wird die Erfindung durch Ausführungsbeispiele und einer Zeichnungen verdeutlicht und weiter beschrieben. Es zeigt:

  • Fig. 1 eine erste Ausführungsform der Aufzugsanlage mit einem Schallaufnehmer zum Erfassen von Körperschall, der durch eine Fehlfunktion einer Aufzugskomponente am Gegengewicht erzeugt wird.
In the following the invention will be clarified by exemplary embodiments and drawings and further described. It shows:
  • Fig. 1 a first embodiment of the elevator system with a sound pickup for detecting structure-borne noise caused by a malfunction of an elevator component is generated at the counterweight.

Fig. 1 zeigt eine Aufzugsanlage 10. Diese Aufzugsanlage verfügt über eine Kabine 1, ein Gegengewicht 2, ein Trag- und Treibmittel 3, an dem die Kabine 1 und das Gegengewicht 3 in einem 2:1-Verhältnis aufgehängt sind und über eine Treibscheibe 5.1. Die Treibscheibe 5.1 ist mit einem in der Fig. 1 aus Übersichtlichkeitsgründen nicht dargestellten Antriebseinheit gekoppelt und steht in Wirkkontakt mit dem Trag- und Treibmittel 3. Fig. 1 shows an elevator system 10. This elevator system has a car 1, a counterweight 2, a support and propellant 3, in which the car 1 and the counterweight 3 are suspended in a 2: 1 ratio and a pulley 5.1. The traction sheave is 5.1 with a in the Fig. 1 not shown drive unit coupled for clarity, and is in operative contact with the carrying and propellant. 3

Die Kabine 1 und das Gegengewicht 2 sind mittels einer rotatorischen Bewegung der Treibscheibe 5.1, die ein Antriebsmoment der Antriebseinheit auf das Trag- und Treibmittel 3 überträgt im Wesentlichen entlang von senkrecht ausgerichteten Führungsschienen verfahrbar. Aus Übersichtlichkeitsgründen sind die Führungsschienen in der Fig. 1 nicht dargestellt. Die Kabine 1 und das Gegengewicht 2 sind mittels Führungselementen, wie beispielsweise Führungsschuhe oder Führungsrollen an den Führungsschienen geführt.The car 1 and the counterweight 2 are movable by means of a rotational movement of the traction sheave 5.1, which transmits a drive torque of the drive unit to the support and propellant means 3 substantially along vertically oriented guide rails. For clarity, the guide rails in the Fig. 1 not shown. The car 1 and the counterweight 2 are guided by means of guide elements, such as guide shoes or guide rollers on the guide rails.

Das Gegengewicht 2 ist dabei in einer ersten Schlinge des Trag- und Treibmittels 3 aufgehängt. Die erste Schlinge ist durch einen Teil des Trag- und Treibmittels gebildet, der zwischen einem ersten Ende 3.2 des Trag- und Treibmittels 3 und einer Umlenkrolle 5.2 liegt. Das Gegengewicht 2 ist mittels eines Lagers 4.1 an der ersten Schlinge aufgehängt. Dazu ist das Gegengewicht 2 mit dem Lager 4.1 gekoppelt. Im gezeigten Beispiel stellt das Lager 4.1 den Drehpunkt einer Gegengewichtstragrolle 4 dar. Dabei verläuft das Trag- und/oder Treibmittel 3 von einem ersten Fixpunkt, an dem das erste Ende 3.2 des Trag- und/oder Treibmittels befestigt ist, nach unten zur Gegengewichtstragrolle 4. Das Trag- und/oder Treibmittel 3 umschlingt die Gegengewichtstragrolle 4 um annähernd 180° und verläuft dann nach oben bis zu der ersten Umlenkrolle 5.2.The counterweight 2 is suspended in a first loop of the carrying and propellant 3. The first loop is formed by a part of the support and propellant, which lies between a first end 3.2 of the support and propellant 3 and a guide roller 5.2. The counterweight 2 is suspended by means of a bearing 4.1 on the first loop. For this purpose, the counterweight 2 is coupled to the bearing 4.1. In the example shown, the bearing 4.1 represents the fulcrum of a counterweight support roller 4. In this case, the support and / or propellant 3 extends from a first fixed point, to which the first end 3.2 of the support and / or propellant is attached, down to the counterweight roller 4 The carrying and / or propellant 3 wraps around the counterweight carrying roller 4 by approximately 180 ° and then extends upwards to the first deflecting roller 5.2.

Die Kabine 1 ist in einer zweiten Schlinge des Trag- und/oder Treibmittels 3 aufgehängt. Die zweite Schlinge ist durch einen Teil des Trag- und/oder Treibmittels gebildet, der zwischen einem zweiten Ende 3.1 des Trag- und/oder Treibmittels 3 und einer zweiten Treibscheibe 5.1 liegt. Die Kabine 1 ist mittels zwei Kabinentragrollen 7.1, 7.2 an der zweiten Schlinge aufgehängt. Dabei verläuft das Trag- und/oder Treibmittel 3 von einem zweiten Fixpunkt, an dem das zweite Ende 3.1 des Trag- und/oder Treibmittels befestigt ist, nach unten zu einer ersten Kabinentragrolle 7.1. Das Trag- und/oder Treibmittel 3 umschlingt die erste Kabinentragrolle 7.1 um annähernd 90°, verläuft dann im Wesentlichen horizontal zu einer zweiten Kabinentragrolle 7.2 und umschling die zweite Kabinentragrolle 7.2 um annähernd 90°. Weiters verläuft das Trag- und/oder Treibmittel 3 nach oben zur Treibscheibe 5.1. Von der Treibscheibe 5.1 verläuft das Trag- und/oder Treibmittel 3 schliesslich zur ersten Umlenkrolle 5.2.The cabin 1 is suspended in a second loop of the carrying and / or propellant 3. The second loop is formed by a part of the carrying and / or propellant, which lies between a second end 3.1 of the support and / or propellant 3 and a second traction sheave 5.1. The cabin 1 is suspended by means of two cabin carrying rollers 7.1, 7.2 on the second loop. It goes the carrying and / or propellant 3 from a second fixed point to which the second end 3.1 of the carrying and / or propellant is attached, down to a first cabin roll 7.1. The carrying and / or propellant 3 wraps around the first cabin roll 7.1 by approximately 90 °, then extends substantially horizontally to a second cabin roll 7.2 and umschling the second cabin roll 7.2 by approximately 90 °. Furthermore, the carrying and / or propellant 3 extends upward to the traction sheave 5.1. From the traction sheave 5.1, the carrying and / or propellant 3 finally extends to the first guide pulley 5.2.

Die beiden Fixpunkte, an denen das erste und das zweite Ende 3.2, 3.1 des Trag- und/oder Treibmittels 3 befestigt sind, die Umlenkrolle 5.2, die Treibscheibe 5.1, sowie die Führungsschienen der Kabine 1 und des Gegengewichts 2 sind mittelbar oder unmittelbar an eine tragende Struktur, typischerweise Schachtwände, gekoppelt.The two fixed points at which the first and second ends 3.2, 3.1 of the carrying and / or propellant 3 are attached, the guide pulley 5.2, the traction sheave 5.1, and the guide rails of the car 1 and the counterweight 2 are directly or indirectly to a supporting structure, typically shaft walls, coupled.

Das erste Ende 3.2 der Trag- und/oder Treibmittel 3 ist mit einem Schallaufnehmer 8 gekoppelt. Der Schallaufnehmer 8 erfasst Körperschall, der das Trag- und/oder Treibmittel 3 an diesen überträgt.The first end 3.2 of the carrying and / or propellant 3 is coupled to a sound pickup 8. The sound sensor 8 detects structure-borne sound, which transmits the carrying and / or propellant 3 thereto.

In einer alternativen Ausführungsform ist der Schallaufnehmer an eine Führungsschiene des Gegengewichts 2 gekoppelt. Hierbei erfasst der Schallaufnehmer 8 Körperschall, der die Führungsschiene an den Schallaufnehmer 8 überträgt.In an alternative embodiment, the sound pickup is coupled to a guide rail of the counterweight 2. In this case, the sound pickup 8 detects structure-borne noise, which transmits the guide rail to the sound pickup 8.

Der Körperschall entsteht beim Betreiben der Aufzugsanlage 10 durch Vibrationen an Aufzugskomponenten. Beispielsweise treten Vibrationen durch das Spiel zwischen den Führungselementen der Kabine 1 oder den Führungselementen des Gegengewichts 2 und den korrespondierenden Führungsschienen, durch die Antriebseinheit, durch das Spiel in den Lagern der Umlenkrolle 5.2, Treibscheibe 5.1, Kabinentragrollen 7.1, 7.2 und Gegengewichtstragrolle 4, sowie die Vibrationen des Trag- und Treibmittels 3 selber.The structure-borne noise arises when operating the elevator installation 10 by vibrations on elevator components. For example, vibrations occur through the play between the guide elements of the car 1 or the guide elements of the counterweight 2 and the corresponding guide rails, by the drive unit, by the play in the bearings of the guide pulley 5.2, traction sheave 5.1, cabin roll 7.1, 7.2 and counterweight roller 4, and Vibrations of the carrying and blowing agent 3 itself.

Insbesondere erzeugen das Lager 4.1 an dem das Gegengewicht 2 aufgehängt ist sowie Führungselemente an denen das Gegengewicht 2 an Führungsschienen geführt sind Vibrationen, die in einem charakteristischen Frequenz- und Amplitudenbereich liegen. Im Verlauf der Zeit unterliegen diese Aufzugskomponenten Abnutzungserscheinungen, die sich in einem geänderten Frequenz- und Amplitudenbereich widerspiegeln.In particular, produce the bearing 4.1 on which the counterweight 2 is suspended and guide elements on which the counterweight 2 to guide rails are guided vibrations that lie in a characteristic frequency and amplitude range. Over time, these elevator components are subject to wear and tear which is reflected in a changed frequency and amplitude range.

Der Schallaufnehmer erfasst vorzugsweise Körperschall in einem Frequenzbereich zwischen 5 und 60000 Hz, insbesondere zwischen 5 und 2500 Hz.The acoustic sensor preferably detects structure-borne noise in a frequency range between 5 and 60000 Hz, in particular between 5 and 2500 Hz.

Für die Auswertung des erfassten Körperschalls ist eine Auswerteschaltung 9 vorgesehen. Die Auswerteschaltung 9 ist dazu über eine Signalübermittlungsstrecke, typischerweise eine Signalleitung, mit der Auswerteschaltung 9 verbunden. Dem Fachmann sind jedoch weitere Mittel zur Übertragung von Signalen bekannt, wie beispielsweise kabellose Signalübertragungstechniken, die dieser ohne weiteres hier anwenden kann.For the evaluation of the recorded structure-borne sound, an evaluation circuit 9 is provided. The evaluation circuit 9 is connected to the evaluation circuit 9 via a signal transmission path, typically a signal line. However, those skilled in the art will be aware of other means of transmitting signals, such as wireless signal transmission techniques, which may be readily employed herein.

Der Schallaufnehmer 8 transformiert den erfassten Körperschall in ein Signal und übermittelt dieses Signal über die Signalübermittlungsstrecke an die Auswerteschaltung 9. Die Auswerteschaltung 9 verfügt über mindestens einen Prozessor und eine Speichereinheit. Vom Schallaufnehmer 8 eingehende Signale werden dabei vom Prozessor spektral analysiert, insbesondere die Frequenzen und Amplituden des übermittelten Körperschalls. Diese Spektralanalyse führt zu einem Frequenzspektrum. Der Prozessor kann nun dieses Frequenzspektrum mit einem oder mehreren in der Speichereinheit abgelegten Frequenzspektren vergleichen.The sound sensor 8 transforms the detected structure-borne noise into a signal and transmits this signal via the signal transmission path to the evaluation circuit 9. The evaluation circuit 9 has at least one processor and a memory unit. From the transducer 8 incoming signals are spectrally analyzed by the processor, in particular the frequencies and amplitudes of the transmitted structure-borne noise. This spectral analysis leads to a frequency spectrum. The processor can now compare this frequency spectrum with one or more frequency spectra stored in the memory unit.

Die auf der Speichereinheit abgelegten Frequenzspektren entsprechen unterschiedlichen Betriebswerten. Ein Betriebswert kann sowohl einen zulässigen als auch einen unzulässigen Betriebswert darstellen. So kann bei einem Vergleich des erfassten Frequenzspektrums mit den abgelegten Frequenzspektren nicht nur auf das Einhalten eines zulässigen Betriebswerts geschlossen werden, sondern zudem welche Betriebsart, die einem zulässigen Betriebswert entspricht vorliegt oder gar beim Erreichen eines unzulässigen Betriebswerts, welche Art von Betriebsstörung eingetreten ist. Es kann also beispielsweise darauf geschlossen werden, ob das Lager 4.1 oder ein Führungselement beschädigt ist.The frequency spectra stored on the memory unit correspond to different operating values. An operating value can represent both a permissible and an impermissible operating value. Thus, when comparing the detected frequency spectrum with the stored frequency spectra, it is not only possible to conclude that an admissible operating value has been complied with, but also what mode of operation corresponds to a permissible operating value or even when an impermissible operating value has been reached, which type of malfunction has occurred. It can therefore be concluded, for example, whether the bearing 4.1 or a guide element is damaged.

Weicht das übermittelte Frequenzspektrum von einem zulässigen Betriebswert ab oder erreicht das übermittelte Frequenzspektrum einen unzulässigen Betriebswert, wird vorzugsweise ein Zustandänderungs-Alarm von der Auswerteschaltung 9 ausgelöst. Das Auslösen des Zustandänderungs-Alarm führt mindestens dazu, dass die Aufzugsanlage 10 für eine Wartungsarbeit vorgesehen ist, in der die Betriebsstörung der Aufzugsanlage 10 behoben wird. Beispielsweise wird eine Service-Zentrale alarmiert, die einen Wartungstechniker anweist, die entsprechende Aufzugsanlage 10 zu warten. Alternativ wird beim Auslösen eines Zustandänderungs-Alarm der Wartungstechniker direkt über ein mit der Aufzugsanlage in Verbindung stehendes Mobilfunkempfangssystem in Kenntnis gesetzt, die entsprechende Aufzugsanlage 10 zu warten.If the transmitted frequency spectrum deviates from an admissible operating value or if the transmitted frequency spectrum reaches an inadmissible operating value, preferably a state change alarm is triggered by the evaluation circuit 9. The triggering of the state change alarm leads at least to the fact that the elevator installation 10 is provided for a maintenance work in which the malfunction of the elevator installation 10 is remedied. For example, a service center is alerted to instruct a service technician to service the corresponding elevator installation 10. Alternatively, when a state change alarm is triggered, the service technician is notified directly via a mobile radio receiving system in communication with the elevator installation to service the corresponding elevator installation 10.

Vorzugsweise wird der Wartungstechniker in Kenntnis der Betriebsstörungsart gesetzt. Hierbei kann der Wartungstechniker spezifisches Austauschmaterial beschaffen, um die Aufzugsanlage möglichst schnell und effizient wieder in Stand zu setzen.Preferably, the service technician is set in knowledge of the Betriebsstörungsart. Here, the maintenance technician can procure specific replacement material in order to repair the elevator system as quickly and efficiently as possible.

Aus Sicherheitsgründen ist die Aufzugsanlage bei Auftreten eines Zustandänderungs-Alarm auch stillegbar. In diesem Fall wird ebenso ein Wartungstechniker angewiesen, die Aufzugsanlage 10 zu Warten und wieder in Betrieb zu nehmen.For safety reasons, the elevator system is also silent when a state change alarm occurs. In this case, a service technician is also instructed to wait for the lift system 10 and to put it back into service.

Claims (11)

  1. Lift installation (10) comprising
    - a cage (1),
    - a counterweight (2) which balances the cage (1) and
    - a supporting and/or drive means (3) at which the cage (1) and the counterweight (2) are suspended, wherein
    a sound pick-up (8) is coupled with the lift installation (10) and is designed for the purpose of detecting solid-borne sound generated at the counterweight (2) and an evaluating circuit (9) is connected with the sound pick-up (8) and evaluates the detected solid-borne sound, characterised in that
    the sound pick-up (8) is coupled to a first end (3.2) of the supporting and/or drive means (3) or the sound pick-up (8) is coupled to the guide plane of the counterweight (2).
  2. Lift installation (10) according to claim 1, characterised in that the supporting and/or drive means (3) forms between its first end (3.2) and a first deflecting roller (5.2) a loop in which the counterweight (3) is suspended by way of a bearing (4.1), wherein the sound pick-up (8) monitors the bearing (4.1).
  3. Lift installation (10) according to claim 1, characterised in that the counterweight (2) is guided by means of at least one guide element, particularly a guide shoe or a guide roller, at a guide plane, particularly a guide rail or a guide cable, wherein the sound pick-up (8) monitors the guide element.
  4. Method of operating a lift installation (10) comprising
    - a cage (1),
    - a counterweight (2) which balances the cage (1) and
    - a supporting and/or drive means (3) at which the cage (1) and the counterweight (2) are suspended,
    characterised in that
    solid-borne sound generated at the counterweight (2) is detected by a sound pick-up (8), which is coupled with a first end (3.2) of the supporting and/or drive means or with a guide plane of the counterweight (2), and the solid-borne sound is evaluated by an evaluating circuit (9), which is connected with the sound pick-up (8).
  5. Method according to claim 4, characterised in that the detected solid-borne sound is compared by the evaluating circuit (9) with an operational value and in the case of detection of an operational disturbance a change-of-state alarm is triggered by the evaluating circuit (9).
  6. Method according to one of claims 4 and 5, characterised in that the detected solid-borne sound is compared by the evaluating circuit (9) with a permissible operational value and in the case of deviation from the permissible operational value a change-of state alarm is triggered by the evaluating circuit (9).
  7. Method according to one of claims 4 and 5, characterised in that the detected solid-borne sound is compared by the evaluating circuit (9) with an impermissible operational value and in the case of reaching the impermissible operational value a change-of-state alarm is triggered by the evaluating circuit (9).
  8. Method according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterised in that the detected solid-borne sound caused by a damaged bearing (4.1) at which the counterweight (2) is suspended at the supporting and/or drive means (3) is compared by the evaluating circuit (9) with an operational value.
  9. Method according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterised in that the detected solid-borne sound caused by a damaged guide element guiding the counterweight (2) at a guide plane is compared by the evaluating circuit (9) with an operational value.
  10. Method according to any one of claims 5 to 9, characterised in that when a change-of-state alarm occurs the lift installation (10) is provided for a maintenance operation.
  11. Method according to any one of claims 5 to 10, characterised in that when a change-of-state alarm occurs the lift installation (10) is stopped.
EP11784715.2A 2010-12-07 2011-11-22 Elevator system having a sound receiver for capturing solid-borne sound Not-in-force EP2649002B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP11784715.2A EP2649002B1 (en) 2010-12-07 2011-11-22 Elevator system having a sound receiver for capturing solid-borne sound

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP10194033 2010-12-07
PCT/EP2011/070662 WO2012076329A1 (en) 2010-12-07 2011-11-22 Elevator system having a sound receiver for capturing solid-borne sound
EP11784715.2A EP2649002B1 (en) 2010-12-07 2011-11-22 Elevator system having a sound receiver for capturing solid-borne sound

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2649002A1 EP2649002A1 (en) 2013-10-16
EP2649002B1 true EP2649002B1 (en) 2016-03-02

Family

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EP11784715.2A Not-in-force EP2649002B1 (en) 2010-12-07 2011-11-22 Elevator system having a sound receiver for capturing solid-borne sound

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US (1) US9004231B2 (en)
EP (1) EP2649002B1 (en)
KR (1) KR101932294B1 (en)
CN (1) CN103347807B (en)
AU (1) AU2011340888B2 (en)
BR (1) BR112013014221B1 (en)
CA (2) CA2852238C (en)
ES (1) ES2574377T3 (en)
HK (1) HK1189209A1 (en)
MY (1) MY163795A (en)
SG (2) SG2014014005A (en)
WO (1) WO2012076329A1 (en)

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CN107531457B (en) * 2015-05-21 2019-08-09 因温特奥股份公司 Lift facility
US10173144B2 (en) * 2016-10-19 2019-01-08 James HEATH Lift system with moving cam assembly and related methods
KR102616698B1 (en) * 2017-07-07 2023-12-21 오티스 엘리베이터 컴파니 An elevator health monitoring system
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20120138391A1 (en) 2012-06-07
WO2012076329A1 (en) 2012-06-14
AU2011340888B2 (en) 2017-05-11
CA2852238A1 (en) 2012-06-14
EP2649002A1 (en) 2013-10-16
US9004231B2 (en) 2015-04-14
ES2574377T3 (en) 2016-06-17
AU2011340888A1 (en) 2013-07-04
CA2820711A1 (en) 2012-06-14
SG2014014005A (en) 2014-05-29
KR101932294B1 (en) 2019-03-20
MY163795A (en) 2017-10-31
HK1189209A1 (en) 2014-05-30
CN103347807B (en) 2016-04-06
CA2852238C (en) 2019-02-12
SG191052A1 (en) 2013-07-31
CN103347807A (en) 2013-10-09
BR112013014221A2 (en) 2016-09-13
BR112013014221B1 (en) 2020-11-17
KR20140042768A (en) 2014-04-07

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