EP2590192A1 - Schalter für einen mehrpoligen Gleichstrombetrieb - Google Patents

Schalter für einen mehrpoligen Gleichstrombetrieb Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2590192A1
EP2590192A1 EP11187497.0A EP11187497A EP2590192A1 EP 2590192 A1 EP2590192 A1 EP 2590192A1 EP 11187497 A EP11187497 A EP 11187497A EP 2590192 A1 EP2590192 A1 EP 2590192A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
switching
bridge
switch according
chambers
contact
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP11187497.0A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Karsten Gerving
Volker Lang
Johannes Meissner
Ralf Thar
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eaton Industries GmbH
Original Assignee
Eaton Industries GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Eaton Industries GmbH filed Critical Eaton Industries GmbH
Priority to EP11187497.0A priority Critical patent/EP2590192A1/de
Priority to EP12780747.7A priority patent/EP2774158B1/de
Priority to PL12780747T priority patent/PL2774158T3/pl
Priority to PCT/EP2012/071718 priority patent/WO2013064629A1/de
Publication of EP2590192A1 publication Critical patent/EP2590192A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/34—Stationary parts for restricting or subdividing the arc, e.g. barrier plate
    • H01H9/36—Metal parts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H9/44—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using blow-out magnet
    • H01H9/443—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using blow-out magnet using permanent magnets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
    • H01H1/14—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting
    • H01H1/20—Bridging contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/54—Contact arrangements
    • H01H50/546—Contact arrangements for contactors having bridging contacts

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a multi-pole switch, which is provided in particular for a DC operation, with a partial switching chamber per pole.
  • Electrical switches are components in a circuit that establish or disconnect an electrically conductive connection by means of internal, electrically conductive contacts. With a live connection to be cut, current flows through the contacts until they are separated. When an inductive circuit is disconnected by a switch, the current flow does not reduce immediately to zero, so that an arc can form between the contacts.
  • the arc is a gas discharge by a per se non-conductive medium, such as air.
  • AC alternating current
  • arcs usually erase at the zero crossing of the alternating current. Since such a zero crossing of the current in switches with DC operation (DC) is missing, stable arcing can occur when disconnecting the contacts.
  • multi-pole switch If a multi-pole switch is to be equipped accordingly, especially in a non-polarity extinguishing behavior, additional switching chambers for each pole are necessary. As a result, multipole switches can reach a size for which insufficient space, in particular not sufficient depth, is available in common control cabinets, for example.
  • An object of the invention is to provide a multi-pole switch available whose space requirements, at least in depth, based on the installation situation in a cabinet, compared to single-ended switches is not or not much higher.
  • the switch according to the invention is intended for multi-pole operation, in particular direct current operation, with a switching chamber, wherein a partial switching chamber is provided for each pole.
  • the switching chamber has a movable switching bridge extending through both sub-switching chambers, wherein a bridge switching piece is provided for each sub-switching chamber in the switching bridge and the bridge switching pieces are arranged at a distance from one another along a main extension direction of the switching bridge.
  • the main extension direction of the switching bridge is aligned according to the invention substantially perpendicular to a movement axis of the switching bridge.
  • the bridge contact pieces are advantageously arranged side by side substantially in a plane.
  • the main extension direction of the switching bridge is that direction in which the switching bridge has its greatest extent, namely in the plane of the bridge contact pieces.
  • Each of the sub-switching chambers accordingly has two fixed contact pieces, which are arranged in a plane parallel to the plane of the bridge contact pieces and which by the perpendicular to the Main extension direction of the bridge bridge movable bridge switching pieces synchronized electrically connected and disconnected.
  • the sub-switching chambers are arranged and formed mirror-symmetrical in particular in one plane. Against the action of arcs of the pole of the other part switching chamber, the sub-switching chambers are preferably electrically sealed off.
  • each partial switching chamber has two switching pieces with a first contact region per switching piece, wherein the switch bridge movable and electrically conductive bridge switching pieces each have two second contact areas for producing an electrically conductive connection between the first and second contact areas and for separating the have first and second contact areas.
  • the switch bridge movable and electrically conductive bridge switching pieces each have two second contact areas for producing an electrically conductive connection between the first and second contact areas and for separating the have first and second contact areas.
  • the bridge switching pieces extend substantially perpendicular to the main extension direction of the switching bridge, wherein the fixed contact pieces extend parallel to the main extension direction of the switching bridge.
  • At least two extinguishing devices are provided for extinguishing arcs, which can occur when the first and second contact regions are disconnected.
  • four extinguishing devices for polarity-independent extinguishment of arcs which may occur during separation of the first and second contact areas, are provided for at least one of the partial switching chambers.
  • first arc conductors extend from the first contact regions and second arc conductors extend from the second contact regions toward the extinguishing devices. This advantageously prevents an arc from occurring along the Bridge switching pieces moved in the direction of the switching bridge.
  • a distance of the first arc conductors from the second arc conductors preferably increases in the direction of the extinguishing devices, whereby the respective arc is advantageously stretched on the way to the extinguishing device.
  • a permanent magnet arrangement is provided to form in the areas between the first and second contact areas and the respective extinguishing devices a substantially homogeneous magnetic field for exerting a magnetic force on the arcs, so that at least one of the arcs, regardless of the current direction in the arc in the direction of one of Extinguishing devices is driven.
  • the permanent magnet arrangement has at least two plate-shaped magnets, wherein the magnets are arranged on longitudinal sides of the partial switching chambers, in each case adjacent to the contact areas.
  • the permanent magnet arrangement has two parallel pole plates, the pole plates being connected to one another by one or more permanent magnets to form a substantially U-shaped profile, whereby a particularly homogeneous magnetic field of high magnetic field strength can be built up.
  • the embodiment of the invention according to the FIGS. 1 and 2 shows a multi-pole, independent of the current direction compact switch with efficient erase behavior.
  • a double-break contact system is realized for each pole, in which each of the switching arcs arising when opening the contacts is always moved in the direction of an arc extinguishing device 61 regardless of the current direction using permanent magnetic blower.
  • the contact and erase arrangements of both poles are housed here in a single switching chamber.
  • the advantage of such a switch consists on the one hand in a relatively simple, easy to assemble construction, on the other hand in a switch of comparatively small installation depth. The embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS FIGS. 1 and 2 described.
  • the switching chamber of the two-pole switch is subdivided in its main extension direction into two equally partitioned partial switching chambers 1, 2 or segments 1, 2 which are sealed off from one another and in which the contact and extinguishing arrangements of one pole each are accommodated.
  • a channel 3 which surrounds the switching bridge 35, in each of which a bridge bridge contact piece 30 is installed.
  • the two bridge switching pieces 30 have the same installation depth and are arranged in a region of the center of the respective sub-switching chamber 1, 2, wherein the bridge switching pieces 30 extend in a direction which is rotated by 90 degrees against the main extension direction of the switching chamber.
  • the bridge switching pieces 30 have second contact areas 31 or contact pads 31 for making contact with first contact areas 11 or fixed contacts 11. From the second contact portions 31 at right angles outgoing skid-shaped legs each extend in the direction of a connecting axis of two opposing extinguishing devices 61 and are angled in such a way that second arc conductors 32 are formed whose dropouts in the off state of the switch respectively in the direction of an upper edge 65 of the extinguishing devices 61 show.
  • the fixed contact pieces 20a, 20b of the partial switching chamber 2 enter on the short side or head side of the switching chamber in this. In the area of the fixed contacts 11, the contact pieces 20a, 20b are angled or cranked, whereby first arc conductors 12 are made available.
  • the fixed contacts 11 are arranged in an installation depth which corresponds approximately to the center of the extinguishing chambers 61. With closed contacts 11, 31 form the parallel switching pieces 20a, 20b together with the transverse thereto bridge switching piece 30 has a U-shaped current path.
  • an arc runner arrangement is formed from the first arc conductors 12 and the second arc conductors 32, which widens in the direction toward the quenching chambers 61, so that a switching arc arising when the contacts are opened, that is to say when the second contact regions 31 are separated from the first contact regions 11, is rapidly moved in the direction of one of the extinguishing devices 61 under the influence of a magnetic blowing action and thereby continuously expands.
  • the part switching chamber 1 with the switching pieces 10 a, 10 b is carried out analogously to the previously described part switching chamber 2.
  • the extinguishing devices 61 are executed in the illustrated embodiment as so-called Deion chambers, which consist of a stack arrangement of mutually electrically insulated sheets, each with an air gap between two adjacent sheets.
  • Each pair of contacts consisting of a first contact region 11 and a second contact region 31, two of the extinguishing chambers 61 are assigned, which are housed in the main extension direction of the switch in oppositely disposed niches.
  • Each pole has, in a double interrupting contact arrangement, two pairs of opposite extinguishing chambers 61, which are arranged symmetrically on both sides of the switching bridge 35.
  • the described contact and erase arrangements of both poles are preferably arranged axially symmetrically on both sides of a central axis in the main extension direction of the switching chamber.
  • the structure of the magnetic blowing field in accordance with the illustrated embodiment FIGS. 1 and 2 realized via a permanent magnetic arrangement.
  • This consists of two plate-shaped magnets 51 for each pole, which are arranged on the longer switching chamber wall in the region of the contact pairs 11, 31.
  • the plate-shaped magnets Be arranged outside of the chamber wall or inside, for example, in accordance with insulating pockets of the inside niche walls.
  • a switching arc arising when the contacts are opened is moved in the direction of one or the other of the two opposing extinguishing devices 61, due to the so-called magnetic blowing effect, caused by the Lorentz force, depending on the current direction.
  • the permanent magnets are preferably made either of ferritic material or of a material with rare earth contents, for example Nd-Fe-B or Sa-Co, or of materials in the form of plastic-bonded molded parts.
  • FIG. 3 schematically another embodiment of the inventive switch is shown, which differs from the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2 differs by an alternative extinguishing arrangement without Deion chambers.
  • the extinguishing arrangement is given by a niche arrangement with walls of insulating material, preferably made of thermosetting plastic or ceramic, wherein the individual niches are spatially separated from each other sufficiently and exhaust ports are arranged on the outside walls.
  • a niche arrangement with walls of insulating material, preferably made of thermosetting plastic or ceramic, wherein the individual niches are spatially separated from each other sufficiently and exhaust ports are arranged on the outside walls.
  • the transverse thereto bulkheads 46 between the sub-switching chambers 1, 2 of both poles in terms of high thermal resistance to arc exposure of ceramic material.
  • FIG. 4 a switching bridge 35 of a further embodiment of the switch according to the invention is shown, which differs from the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2 distinguished by an alternative permanent magnet arrangement.
  • Achieving higher magnetic field strengths in the region of the switching contacts can be achieved by adding a further permanent magnet 51c, preferably by integration in the switching bridge 35 or by attachment to the inside niche walls for the extinguishing devices.
  • the additional magnets 51s may be arranged inside, for example, in correspondingly insulating pockets of the inside niche walls.
  • FIG. 5 a further variant of a permanent magnet arrangement for a further embodiment of the switch according to the invention is shown.
  • An efficient magnetic blowing field of high homogeneity can be achieved by an arrangement of two plane-parallel plates 55 of magnetically good conductive material, preferably of soft magnetic iron, form, which are connected by one or more permanent magnets 51 in such a way that they form an approximately U-shaped profile.
  • the polarity of the magnet 51 is indicated by the data north (N) and south (S).
  • the distance between the parallel pole plates 55 is in this case dimensioned so that they extend in close proximity along the lateral outer walls of the quenching chamber.
  • Recesses 58 are provided for the passage of bridge switching pieces 30.
  • two axisymmetric arranged permanent magnet arrangements of the type shown are provided.
  • the shield plate 56 serves to magnetically shield the switch from the permanent magnet 51.

Landscapes

  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
EP11187497.0A 2011-11-02 2011-11-02 Schalter für einen mehrpoligen Gleichstrombetrieb Withdrawn EP2590192A1 (de)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP11187497.0A EP2590192A1 (de) 2011-11-02 2011-11-02 Schalter für einen mehrpoligen Gleichstrombetrieb
EP12780747.7A EP2774158B1 (de) 2011-11-02 2012-11-02 Schalter für einen mehrpoligen gleichstrombetrieb
PL12780747T PL2774158T3 (pl) 2011-11-02 2012-11-02 Przełącznik dla wielobiegunowego stałoprądowego trybu pracy
PCT/EP2012/071718 WO2013064629A1 (de) 2011-11-02 2012-11-02 Schalter für einen mehrpoligen gleichstrombetrieb

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP11187497.0A EP2590192A1 (de) 2011-11-02 2011-11-02 Schalter für einen mehrpoligen Gleichstrombetrieb

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2590192A1 true EP2590192A1 (de) 2013-05-08

Family

ID=47115993

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11187497.0A Withdrawn EP2590192A1 (de) 2011-11-02 2011-11-02 Schalter für einen mehrpoligen Gleichstrombetrieb
EP12780747.7A Active EP2774158B1 (de) 2011-11-02 2012-11-02 Schalter für einen mehrpoligen gleichstrombetrieb

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP12780747.7A Active EP2774158B1 (de) 2011-11-02 2012-11-02 Schalter für einen mehrpoligen gleichstrombetrieb

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (2) EP2590192A1 (pl)
PL (1) PL2774158T3 (pl)
WO (1) WO2013064629A1 (pl)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3125261A1 (en) * 2015-07-30 2017-02-01 Carling Technologies Inc. Polarity insensitive arc quench
WO2020016179A1 (en) 2018-07-20 2020-01-23 Eaton Intelligent Power Limited Switching device and switching arrangement
WO2020126977A1 (en) 2018-12-18 2020-06-25 Eaton Intelligent Power Limited Electromagnetic drive unit for a switching device and switching device
WO2020126978A1 (en) 2018-12-18 2020-06-25 Eaton Intelligent Power Limited Contact unit for a switching device and switching device
WO2023187295A1 (fr) * 2022-03-29 2023-10-05 Safran Electrical & Power Contacteur bidirectionnel double pole à double coupure à champs magnétiques inversés

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9129761B2 (en) 2012-12-20 2015-09-08 Eaton Electrical Ip Gmbh & Co. Kg Switching device suitable for direct current operation
DE102018204104A1 (de) * 2018-03-16 2019-09-19 Ellenberger & Poensgen Gmbh Schalteinheit zur Trennung eines Stromkreises und Schutzschalter

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1640804A1 (de) * 1966-04-09 1970-12-17 Licentia Gmbh Elektrisches Schaltgeraet
EP2061053A2 (de) 2007-11-17 2009-05-20 Moeller GmbH Schaltgerät für Gleichstrom-Anwendungen
EP2133898A1 (en) * 2008-06-05 2009-12-16 General Electric Company Tool free contact block

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2463877A1 (de) * 2010-12-07 2012-06-13 Eaton Industries GmbH Schalter mit Löschkammer

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1640804A1 (de) * 1966-04-09 1970-12-17 Licentia Gmbh Elektrisches Schaltgeraet
EP2061053A2 (de) 2007-11-17 2009-05-20 Moeller GmbH Schaltgerät für Gleichstrom-Anwendungen
EP2133898A1 (en) * 2008-06-05 2009-12-16 General Electric Company Tool free contact block

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3125261A1 (en) * 2015-07-30 2017-02-01 Carling Technologies Inc. Polarity insensitive arc quench
CN106409565A (zh) * 2015-07-30 2017-02-15 嘉灵科技有限公司 极性不敏感的灭弧
CN106409565B (zh) * 2015-07-30 2018-11-02 嘉灵科技有限公司 极性不敏感的灭弧
WO2020016179A1 (en) 2018-07-20 2020-01-23 Eaton Intelligent Power Limited Switching device and switching arrangement
US11705289B2 (en) 2018-07-20 2023-07-18 Eaton Intelligent Power Limited Switching device and switching arrangement
WO2020126977A1 (en) 2018-12-18 2020-06-25 Eaton Intelligent Power Limited Electromagnetic drive unit for a switching device and switching device
WO2020126978A1 (en) 2018-12-18 2020-06-25 Eaton Intelligent Power Limited Contact unit for a switching device and switching device
US11587749B2 (en) 2018-12-18 2023-02-21 Eaton Intelligent Power Limited Contact unit for a switching device and switching device
US11935715B2 (en) 2018-12-18 2024-03-19 Eaton Intelligent Power Limited Electromagnetic drive unit for a switching device and switching device
WO2023187295A1 (fr) * 2022-03-29 2023-10-05 Safran Electrical & Power Contacteur bidirectionnel double pole à double coupure à champs magnétiques inversés
FR3134224A1 (fr) * 2022-03-29 2023-10-06 Safran Electrical & Power Contacteur bidirectionnel double pole à double coupure à champs magnétiques inversés

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PL2774158T3 (pl) 2017-08-31
WO2013064629A1 (de) 2013-05-10
EP2774158A1 (de) 2014-09-10
EP2774158B1 (de) 2017-04-19

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