EP2390419B1 - Machine and process for inserting columnes in the ground - Google Patents

Machine and process for inserting columnes in the ground Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP2390419B1
EP2390419B1 EP11166557.6A EP11166557A EP2390419B1 EP 2390419 B1 EP2390419 B1 EP 2390419B1 EP 11166557 A EP11166557 A EP 11166557A EP 2390419 B1 EP2390419 B1 EP 2390419B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tank
drill tool
ground
column
building material
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP11166557.6A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2390419A3 (en
EP2390419A2 (en
Inventor
Gérard Cardona
Régis Bernasinski
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Soletanche Freyssinet SA
Original Assignee
Soletanche Freyssinet SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Soletanche Freyssinet SA filed Critical Soletanche Freyssinet SA
Publication of EP2390419A2 publication Critical patent/EP2390419A2/en
Publication of EP2390419A3 publication Critical patent/EP2390419A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2390419B1 publication Critical patent/EP2390419B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
    • E02D3/02—Improving by compacting
    • E02D3/08—Improving by compacting by inserting stones or lost bodies, e.g. compaction piles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of soil improvement techniques and that of deep foundations.
  • soil improvement techniques aim at consolidating land with a heterogeneous structure, especially when they are inconstructible. These techniques also make it possible to prevent seismic risks.
  • the present invention more specifically relates to a machine for producing columns in a soil, and a method using said machine. It is specified that these columns can also be foundation piles.
  • the figure 3 of the document EP 1 688 543 discloses a machine with the features of the preamble of claim 1 and a method for providing a rigid inclusion having the shape of a column.
  • This process comprises two phases.
  • the lower portion of the column is made using a drilling tool 23 provided with a concrete pump, this lower portion having a constant diameter over its entire height.
  • the drilling tool is then removed and replaced by another tool, namely a vibrator.
  • the upper portion of the ballast column is made.
  • This method makes it possible to produce columns of mixed type, that is to say made of two different materials.
  • This temporal discontinuity in the production of a mixed column has several disadvantages.
  • the ballast of the upper portion may not associate well with the concrete of the lower portion, thus creating a discontinuity in the structure of the column, especially at the interface of the two materials.
  • this process is slow, complex to implement and especially does not control the geometric characteristics of the column.
  • An object of the invention is to provide a machine and a method for producing columns in a soil that overcomes the aforementioned drawbacks.
  • the machine according to the invention makes it possible to produce mixed columns with a single tool and in a single phase.
  • These columns have at least one upper portion and one lower portion.
  • the lower portion of the column is made through the perforation tool, while the upper portion of the column is achieved through the tank which is introduced into the ground.
  • the geometric shape of the upper portion of the column corresponds to the geometric shape of the reservoir.
  • the upper portion of the column is made of the second building material, while the lower portion is preferably, but not necessarily, made of the first building material.
  • the machine according to the invention has the advantage of being able to produce columns in a simple and fast way, thus reducing the manufacturing cost of said columns.
  • the columns made using the machine according to the invention have a better structural continuity, especially at the interface between the two building materials.
  • the second material being discharged more quickly into the ground, the first and second materials have time to mix at the interface, whereby we obtain a structural continuity between the two materials significantly improved.
  • the first building material is preferably concrete, while the second material is preferably ballast, after which the lower portion of the column is made of concrete, while the upper portion of the column is made of ballast.
  • the reservoir has a diameter greater than that of the soil perforation tool, whereby the upper portion of the column advantageously has a diameter greater than that of the lower portion of the column.
  • the machine according to the invention thus makes it possible to produce mixed columns having a variable diameter.
  • the carrier further comprises a movement mechanism for moving the mast in the longitudinal direction of said mast, the reservoir being fixed at the lower end of the mast, and the means for introducing the reservoir. in the ground comprising said mechanism for moving the mast.
  • the tank is introduced into the ground by a longitudinal translation of the mast of the carrier.
  • the mast is preferentially moved vertically to the ground, for example by means of a jack mounted between the frame of the carrier and the mast.
  • the tank is slidably mounted along the lower end of the mast, and the means for introducing the tank into the ground comprise means for sliding the tank along the lower end of the mast. It is therefore understood that the tank can be lowered down the mast so as to be introduced into the ground, and that the tank and the carriage can slide along the mast, independently of one another.
  • the perforation tool is advantageously a vibrating needle, and the carriage is further equipped with a vibrator.
  • the perforation of the ground is achieved by pushing the needle into the ground while making it vibrate for ease of penetration.
  • the machine according to the invention furthermore advantageously comprises securing means for securing the tank with the perforation tool. It is understood that when the tank is secured to the needle, the vibrations generated by the vibrator of the carriage are transmitted to the tank. The vibrating reservoir can then be more easily introduced into the ground, by moving the mast (first embodiment) or by moving the reservoir along the mast (second embodiment).
  • the securing means comprise at least one jack attached to the reservoir while being arranged to exert a transverse pressure on the perforating tool.
  • the securing means preferably comprise at least one jaw which is able to grip the perforation tool.
  • the lower end of the perforation tool carries a cutting tool
  • the carriage further comprises means for rotating the perforation tool, for example a motor. It is therefore understood that the perforation is here performed by driving the perforation tool in rotation about its axis.
  • the reservoir is preferably provided with a vibrator or an oscillator which can be activated so as to facilitate the introduction of the reservoir into the ground.
  • the reservoir has a cylindrical body which is coaxial with the perforation tool, while its lower end has a frustoconical shape.
  • This ogival shape facilitates the introduction of the tank into the ground.
  • other forms can be provided depending on the geometry of the column that one wishes to obtain.
  • the reservoir advantageously has a controllable valve for closing the opening of the tank.
  • the valve is mounted at the end of a rotary tube in which the perforating tool is slidable.
  • This rotating tube also constitutes an internal jacket of the reservoir.
  • rotation of the rotary tube by a quarter of a turn makes it possible to pass the opening of the reservoir from a closed position to an open position, and conversely, the pivoting of the rotary tube being operated by means of a pivoting device.
  • the perforation tool of the machine according to the invention is preferably also provided with a shutter capable of closing off the orifice, said shutter being arranged in such a way that it closes the orifice when the lower end of the perforating tool comes into contact with the lower end of the reservoir.
  • the shutter according to the invention allows in particular to close the end of the perforation tool, and thus stop the spill of the first building material in the soil, after the lower portion of the column has been molded.
  • This method makes it possible to obtain a mixed column. It can be implemented with one or the other of the first and second variants of the first and second embodiments of the machine according to the invention.
  • the implementation of this method makes it possible to obtain a mixed column whose upper portion has a diameter greater than that of the lower portion, when the diameter of the reservoir is greater than that of the perforation tool.
  • the filling of the tank can also be performed before its introduction into the soil or just after.
  • the filling of the tank can take place before the introduction of the tank into the ground or just after.
  • the filling of the tank can take place before the introduction of the tank into the ground or just after.
  • the resulting column is made of the first building material.
  • the diameter of the reservoir is greater than that of the perforation tool so that the column obtained has a non-constant diameter.
  • the filling of the tank can also take place before its introduction into the ground or just after.
  • the descent of the tank can take place by lowering the mast or by moving the tank along the mast.
  • a step is preferably carried out during which an alternating displacement of the reservoir and / or the perforation tool is carried out during the raising of the reservoir and / or the tool. perforation, so as to compact the second material.
  • machine 10 for producing columns in a soil S according to a first embodiment of the invention.
  • This machine 10 comprises a crawler carrier 12 which is equipped with an articulated arm 14.
  • This articulated arm 14 comprises a holding member 16 provided for holding a mast 18 which extends in a longitudinal direction. More specifically, the mast 18 can slide, in its longitudinal direction, relative to the holding member 16.
  • a movement mechanism in this case a jack 20 fixed to the holding member 16 on the one hand, and the mast 18 on the other hand, for moving the mast in its longitudinal direction.
  • the jack 20 moves the mast in a substantially vertical direction.
  • a movable carriage 22 is slidably mounted along the mast 18. This movable carriage 22 can be moved along the mast 18 by means known elsewhere and not shown here.
  • the carriage 22 further includes a vibrator 24 connected to the upper end 26a of a longitudinal soil piercing tool 26.
  • the soil piercing tool 26 is a vibrating needle.
  • the vibrating needle 26 extends in a direction parallel to the mast 18. It is thus clear that the vibrator 24 is provided to vibrate the vibrating needle 26.
  • the upper end 26a of the vibrating needle 26 is connected to supply means (not shown here) in a first building material, in this case concrete.
  • the lower end 26b of the vibrating needle 26 is provided with an orifice 28 for the discharge of the first building material in the soil S.
  • the machine 10 further comprises a reservoir 30 which is fixedly secured to the lower end 18a of the mast 18.
  • This reservoir 30 comprises a body 32 having the general shape of a cylinder, while the lower end 32a of the body 32 has a frustoconical shape.
  • the lower end 32a of the body has in this case an opening 33 for emptying the tank 30.
  • the diameter of the body 32 of the tank 30 is greater than that of the vibrating needle.
  • the vibrocapping needle has a diameter of 270 mm, while the reservoir has a diameter of 700 mm and a height of between 1 and 10 m.
  • the upper end of the reservoir has a funnel portion 34 which facilitates the filling of the reservoir 30; with a second building material, in this case ballast.
  • the reservoir 30 and the needle are coaxial vibratory driving, the tank 30 extending around the vibratory driving needle. More specifically, the vibrating needle can slide axially through the reservoir 30 during movement of the movable carriage 22 along the mast.
  • the machine 10 is also equipped with securing means 36 to enable the reservoir 30 to be secured to the vibro-smoothing needle 26.
  • These securing means whose operating principle is better understood by means of the figure 3 , comprise in this case a pair of jaws 38 actuated by jacks 40 oriented transversely to the longitudinal direction of the vibrating needle.
  • These securing means 36 are preferably arranged above the tank 30.
  • the jaws 38 come to grip the vibrating needle so that the latter can no longer move relative to the reservoir 30.
  • the vibrations generated by the vibrator 24 of the carriage 22 are advantageously transmitted to the tank 30 through the securing means.
  • the tank can be vibro-dark in soil S.
  • the machine 10 further comprises a rotary tube 42 disposed within the cylindrical body 32 of the reservoir 30.
  • the vibrating needle and the rotating tube 42 are coaxial.
  • the rotating tube 42 has a diameter slightly greater than that of the vibrating needle 26 so that the latter can slide inside the rotary tube 42. It is specified that the rotating tube 42 is pivotally mounted to a plate 44, which plate is secured to the reservoir 30. In this case, the plate 44 carries the securing means 36 and is fixed to the lower end of the mast 18. The rotary tube 42 s extends to the lower end of the cylindrical body 32.
  • the lower end of the rotary tube comprises a valve 46 having the shape of a curved plate whose dimensions are adapted to be able to cover the opening 33 of the tank.
  • the valve 46 is intended to plug the opening 33.
  • the machine 10 further comprises a jack 48, attached to the reservoir, for rotating the rotary tube 42 about its axis, preferably a quarter turn.
  • the actuation of the jack 48 makes it possible to control the opening and closing of the valve 46, and thus the opening and closing of the reservoir 30.
  • the volume of the reservoir extends radially between the rotary tube 42 and the body 32.
  • the rotary tube advantageously constitutes the inner liner of the reservoir.
  • the concrete is intended to flow through the orifice 28, this flow being here symbolized by the arrow F.
  • the pumping of the concrete is carried out during the ascent of the vibrating needle 26.
  • a shutter 50 is pivotally mounted at the lower end of the vibrating needle, about an axis of rotation 52. More specifically, the shutter 50 is fixed to a cam 54 having a stop surface 56 . This cam 54 is mounted in pivot connection with respect to the axis 52. Furthermore, the lower end 32a of the cylindrical body 32 comprises a pin 58 projecting axially towards the abutment surface 56.
  • the lower end 26b of the vibrating needle carries a stop 60 for blocking the ascent of said needle when the end of the latter comes into contact with the lower end of the body 32 of the reservoir 30.
  • step ( 1 ) the mast is in the up position and the carriage 22 is positioned at the top of the mast 18, so that the reservoir 30 and the vibrating needle 26 are arranged out of the ground.
  • step ( 2 ) the vibrator 24 is actuated and the carriage 22 is brought to the lower end of the mast 18 so that the vibrating needle penetrates the soil S to a predetermined depth P. During this step, the reservoir is not secured with the vibrating needle 26.
  • step ( 3 ) the reservoir 30 is secured with the vibrating needle in order to vibrate the needle and the reservoir.
  • step ( 4 ) the reservoir 30 is detached from the vibrating needle 26, then the carriage 22 is brought towards the upper end of the mast 18 so as to raise the vibrating needle 26.
  • the shutter 50 is open and concrete is pumped into the soil through the orifice 28, whereby the lower portion of column C1 is formed.
  • the container 30 is therefore pressed into the ground to the depth L.
  • the shutter 28 closes when the needle is raised.
  • the tank is filled with ballast B.
  • step ( 5 ) the rotary tube is rotated so as to open the valve 46, then the mast 18 is raised to raise the reservoir 30. During this step, the ballast B is discharged into the ground (through the opening 33 above the lower column portion C1, so as to form the upper column portion C2.
  • step ( 5 ) there is obtained the mixed column C, consisting of a lower portion C1 of concrete, and an upper portion C2 in ballast.
  • This interface I consisting of a concrete / ballast mixture ensures the structural continuity of the column C, whereby a column having improved mechanical strength is obtained.
  • the reservoir 30 and the vibrating needle 26 are joined together, the assembly formed of the reservoir and the needle is slightly raised, in this case by slightly raising the mast 18. Then, the reservoir 30 and the needle 26 are separated .
  • a step (6 ') is completely back the vibratory driving needle while pumping concrete into the ground so as to form the middle portions C'3 and C "3 columns C' and C".
  • the shutter 50 is in the closed position and closes the orifice 28.
  • the interface I ', I "between the concrete and the ballast has a tapered geometry that still allows to improve the structural continuity between the ballast and the concrete.
  • the machine 10 according to the invention also makes it possible to produce mono-material columns C ''' such as that shown in FIG. Figure 7D . To do this, steps ( 1 ) to ( 3 ) of the figure 6 . A step ( 4 " ) is then carried out during which the vibrating needle 26 is partially raised while pumping concrete into the soil so as to form the lower portion C '''1.
  • the process according to the invention makes it possible to quickly and easily produce a single-material column whose upper portion has a diameter greater than that of the lower portion.
  • This machine 110 comprises a longitudinal mast 118 fixed to a carrier 112.
  • the lower end of the mast bears on the ground S.
  • the machine 110 further comprises a carriage 122 slidably mounted along the mast 118, similarly to the carriage 22 of the first embodiment.
  • the machine 110 also comprises a reservoir 130 similar to the reservoir 30 of the first embodiment.
  • the mast 118 is not intended to be translated in its longitudinal direction.
  • the means for introducing the reservoir 130 into the ground S comprise means for sliding the reservoir 130 along the ground. 'end lower 118a of the mast 118.
  • These means may for example comprise a traction cable attached to the reservoir on the one hand and a winch on the other hand, and passing through a pulley mounted at the upper end of the mast 118.
  • the reservoir 130 can therefore move from a high position, in which it is located outside the ground, to a low position, into which it is introduced into the ground.
  • the machine 110 also comprises a perforation tool 126 fixed to the carriage 122 and passing through the tank 130.
  • the upper end of the perforation tool 126 is connected to means for supplying a first building material, in this case concrete, while the lower end 126b is provided with an orifice 128 for pumping concrete into the ground.
  • the perforation tool 126 is a rotary shaft whose inner end 126b has a cutting tool 127.
  • the carriage 122 therefore comprises a motor for driving the cutting tool 127 in rotation.
  • the reservoir 130 further comprises a vibrator 131. It is therefore clear that the reservoir 130 is vibrated in the soil autonomously.
  • the carriage 122 is provided with a vibrator and the machine comprises means for securing the reservoir with the vibroforming needle.
  • the vibrating needle of the first embodiment can also be replaced by a rotary shaft provided with a cutting tool such as that described in the second embodiment. reference to the Figure 8 .
  • the reservoir is preferably provided with a vibrator.
  • step ( 1 ) the carriage is disposed at the upper end of the mast 122, while the reservoir 130 is placed in the up position.
  • step ( 2 ) the rotary shaft 126 is rotated and the carriage 122 is lowered to the lower end of the mast 118 at a depth P.
  • step ( 4 ) the rotary shaft 126 is raised while pumping concrete into the ground (the shutter 150 being open) so as to form the lower portion D1 of the column D.
  • the rotary shaft 126 is raised so that the shutter 150 is closed, after which the pouring of the concrete is stopped.
  • step ( 5 ) the tank is refilled beforehand, while discharging ballast B into the soil so as to form the upper portion D2 of the column.
  • an alternating displacement of the tank is carried out so as to compact the ballast.
  • machine 110 according to the second embodiment of the invention also makes it possible to obtain the other types of column illustrated in FIGS. Figures 7B to 7D .

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)

Description

Arrière plan de l'inventionBackground of the invention

La présente invention concerne le domaine des techniques d'amélioration de sol et celui des fondations profondes.The present invention relates to the field of soil improvement techniques and that of deep foundations.

De manière générale, les techniques d'amélioration de sol ont pour objectif de consolider des terrains présentant une structure hétérogène, notamment lorsqu'ils sont inconstructibles. Ces techniques permettent en outre de prévenir les risques sismiques.In general, soil improvement techniques aim at consolidating land with a heterogeneous structure, especially when they are inconstructible. These techniques also make it possible to prevent seismic risks.

Parmi ces techniques, il est connu de réaliser une ou plusieurs inclusions rigides dans le sol, par exemple sous la forme de colonnes. Ces inclusions sont réalisées pour améliorer la capacité portante du sol.Among these techniques, it is known to make one or more rigid inclusions in the soil, for example in the form of columns. These inclusions are made to improve the bearing capacity of the soil.

La présente invention concerne plus précisément une machine pour la réalisation de colonnes dans un sol, et un procédé utilisant ladite machine. On précise que ces colonnes peuvent également être des pieux de fondation.The present invention more specifically relates to a machine for producing columns in a soil, and a method using said machine. It is specified that these columns can also be foundation piles.

La figure 3 du document EP 1 688 543 décrit une machine avec les caractéristiques du préambule de la revendication 1 et un procédé pour réaliser une inclusion rigide présentant la forme d'une colonne. Ce procédé comporte deux phases. Dans un premier temps, on réalise la portion inférieure de la colonne à l'aide d'un outil de forage 23 muni d'une pompe à béton, cette portion inférieure présentant un diamètre constant sur toute sa hauteur. L'outil de forage est ensuite démonté puis remplacé par un autre outil, à savoir un vibreur. Après le changement d'outil, on réalise la portion supérieure de la colonne constituée de ballast.The figure 3 of the document EP 1 688 543 discloses a machine with the features of the preamble of claim 1 and a method for providing a rigid inclusion having the shape of a column. This process comprises two phases. In a first step, the lower portion of the column is made using a drilling tool 23 provided with a concrete pump, this lower portion having a constant diameter over its entire height. The drilling tool is then removed and replaced by another tool, namely a vibrator. After the tool change, the upper portion of the ballast column is made.

Ce procédé permet de réaliser des colonnes de type mixte, c'est-à-dire constituées de deux matériaux différents.This method makes it possible to produce columns of mixed type, that is to say made of two different materials.

Cependant, le démontage, le changement d'outillage et le remontage sont des étapes qui sont assez longues. Par suite, on comprend que la portion supérieure de la colonne ne peut pas être réalisée rapidement après la formation de la portion inférieure de la colonne.However, dismantling, tooling and reassembly are steps that are quite long. As a result, it is understood that the upper portion of the column can not be achieved quickly after the formation of the lower portion of the column.

Cette discontinuité temporelle dans la réalisation d'une colonne mixte présente plusieurs inconvénients. Tout d'abord, le ballast de la portion supérieure risque de mal s'associer avec le béton de la portion inférieure, créant ainsi une discontinuité dans la structure de la colonne, notamment à l'interface des deux matériaux. Par ailleurs, ce procédé est lent, complexe à mettre en oeuvre et surtout ne permet pas de maitriser les caractéristiques géométriques de la colonne.This temporal discontinuity in the production of a mixed column has several disadvantages. First, the ballast of the upper portion may not associate well with the concrete of the lower portion, thus creating a discontinuity in the structure of the column, especially at the interface of the two materials. Moreover, this process is slow, complex to implement and especially does not control the geometric characteristics of the column.

Objet et résumé de l'inventionObject and summary of the invention

Un but de l'invention est de proposer une machine et un procédé de réalisation de colonnes dans un sol qui remédient aux inconvénients précités.An object of the invention is to provide a machine and a method for producing columns in a soil that overcomes the aforementioned drawbacks.

Ce but est atteint par le fait que la machine selon l'invention comporte :

  • un porteur muni d'un mât qui présente une direction longitudinale et une extrémité inférieure ;
  • un chariot mobile monté coulissant le long du mât ;
  • un outil de perforation de sol longitudinal fixé au chariot mobile, présentant une extrémité supérieure reliée à des moyens d'alimentation en un premier matériau de construction, et une extrémité inférieure munie d'un orifice pour le refoulement du premier matériau de construction ;
  • un réservoir destiné à recevoir un deuxième matériau de construction, ledit réservoir étant monté à l'extrémité inférieure du mât tout en s'étendant autour de l'outil de perforation de sorte que l'outil de perforation soit apte à coulisser au travers du réservoir, ledit réservoir présentant une extrémité inférieure munie d'une ouverture pour déverser le deuxième matériau de construction ;
  • des moyens pour introduire le réservoir dans le sol.
This object is achieved by the fact that the machine according to the invention comprises:
  • a carrier having a mast having a longitudinal direction and a lower end;
  • a mobile carriage slidably mounted along the mast;
  • a longitudinal soil piercing tool attached to the movable carriage, having an upper end connected to supply means of a first building material, and a lower end provided with an orifice for discharging the first building material;
  • a reservoir for receiving a second construction material, said reservoir being mounted at the lower end of the mast while extending around the perforating tool so that the perforating tool is slidable through the reservoir said tank having a lower end provided with an opening for discharging the second building material;
  • means for introducing the reservoir into the ground.

Ainsi, la machine selon l'invention permet-elle de réaliser des colonnes mixtes avec un seul outillage et en une seule phase. Ces colonnes présentent au moins une portion supérieure et une portion inférieure.Thus, the machine according to the invention makes it possible to produce mixed columns with a single tool and in a single phase. These columns have at least one upper portion and one lower portion.

On comprend par ailleurs que la portion inférieure de la colonne est réalisée grâce à l'outil de perforation, tandis que la portion supérieure de la colonne est réalisée grâce au réservoir qui est introduit dans le sol. Par suite, la forme géométrique de la portion supérieure de la colonne correspond à la forme géométrique du réservoir.It is further understood that the lower portion of the column is made through the perforation tool, while the upper portion of the column is achieved through the tank which is introduced into the ground. As a result, the geometric shape of the upper portion of the column corresponds to the geometric shape of the reservoir.

On comprend également que la portion supérieure de la colonne est constituée du deuxième matériau de construction, tandis que la portion inférieure est préférentiellement, mais pas nécessairement, constituée du premier matériau de construction.It is also understood that the upper portion of the column is made of the second building material, while the lower portion is preferably, but not necessarily, made of the first building material.

Par rapport à l'art antérieur décrit ci-dessus, la machine selon l'invention présente l'intérêt de pouvoir réaliser des colonnes de manière simple et rapide, réduisant ainsi le cout de fabrication desdites colonnes.Compared with the prior art described above, the machine according to the invention has the advantage of being able to produce columns in a simple and fast way, thus reducing the manufacturing cost of said columns.

Par ailleurs et surtout, les colonnes réalisées à l'aide de la machine selon l'invention présentent une meilleure continuité structurelle, notamment à l'interface entre les deux matériaux de construction. En effet, le deuxième matériau étant déversé plus rapidement dans le sol, les premier et deuxième matériaux ont le temps de se mélanger à l'interface, grâce à quoi on obtient une continuité structurelle entre les deux matériaux nettement améliorée.Moreover and above all, the columns made using the machine according to the invention have a better structural continuity, especially at the interface between the two building materials. Indeed, the second material being discharged more quickly into the ground, the first and second materials have time to mix at the interface, whereby we obtain a structural continuity between the two materials significantly improved.

On obtient ainsi facilement et rapidement des colonnes mixtes de meilleure qualité, présentant des caractéristiques géométriques et structurelles améliorées.This results in easy and fast mixed columns of better quality, with improved geometric and structural characteristics.

Le premier matériau de construction est préférentiellement du béton, tandis que le deuxième matériau est préférentiellement du ballast, à la suite de quoi la portion inférieure de la colonne est constituée de béton, tandis que la portion supérieure de la colonne est constituée de ballast.The first building material is preferably concrete, while the second material is preferably ballast, after which the lower portion of the column is made of concrete, while the upper portion of the column is made of ballast.

De manière préférentielle, le réservoir présente un diamètre supérieur à celui de l'outil de perforation de sol, grâce à quoi la portion supérieure de la colonne présente avantageusement un diamètre supérieur à celui de la portion inférieure de la colonne.Preferably, the reservoir has a diameter greater than that of the soil perforation tool, whereby the upper portion of the column advantageously has a diameter greater than that of the lower portion of the column.

La machine selon l'invention permet donc de réaliser des colonnes mixtes, présentant un diamètre variable.The machine according to the invention thus makes it possible to produce mixed columns having a variable diameter.

Selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention, le porteur comporte en outre un mécanisme de déplacement pour déplacer le mât selon la direction longitudinale dudit mât, le réservoir étant fixé à l'extrémité inférieure du mât, et les moyens pour introduire le réservoir dans le sol comprenant ledit mécanisme de déplacement du mât.According to a first embodiment of the invention, the carrier further comprises a movement mechanism for moving the mast in the longitudinal direction of said mast, the reservoir being fixed at the lower end of the mast, and the means for introducing the reservoir. in the ground comprising said mechanism for moving the mast.

Par conséquent, le réservoir est introduit dans le sol par une translation longitudinale du mât du porteur. Pour ce faire, le mât est préférentiellement déplacé verticalement vers le sol, par exemple par le biais d'un vérin monté entre le châssis du porteur et le mât.Therefore, the tank is introduced into the ground by a longitudinal translation of the mast of the carrier. To do this, the mast is preferentially moved vertically to the ground, for example by means of a jack mounted between the frame of the carrier and the mast.

Selon un deuxième mode de réalisation, le réservoir est monté coulissant le long de l'extrémité inférieure du mât, et les moyens pour introduire le réservoir dans le sol comprennent des moyens pour faire coulisser le réservoir le long de l'extrémité inférieure du mât. On comprend donc que le réservoir peut être descendu le long du mât de manière à être introduit dans le sol, et que le réservoir et le chariot peuvent coulisser le long du mât, indépendamment l'un de l'autre.According to a second embodiment, the tank is slidably mounted along the lower end of the mast, and the means for introducing the tank into the ground comprise means for sliding the tank along the lower end of the mast. It is therefore understood that the tank can be lowered down the mast so as to be introduced into the ground, and that the tank and the carriage can slide along the mast, independently of one another.

Pour chacun de ces deux modes de réalisation, selon une première variante de réalisation, l'outil de perforation est avantageusement une aiguille de vibrofonçage, et le chariot est équipé en outre d'un vibreur.For each of these two embodiments, according to a first embodiment, the perforation tool is advantageously a vibrating needle, and the carriage is further equipped with a vibrator.

Dès lors, la perforation du sol est réalisée en enfonçant l'aiguille dans le sol tout en la faisant vibrer pour facilité son enfoncement.Therefore, the perforation of the ground is achieved by pushing the needle into the ground while making it vibrate for ease of penetration.

Par ailleurs, afin de faciliter l'introduction du réservoir dans le sol, la machine selon l'invention comporte en outre, de manière avantageuse, des moyens de solidarisation pour solidariser le réservoir avec l'outil de perforation. On comprend que lorsque le réservoir est solidarisé à l'aiguille, les vibrations générées par le vibreur du chariot sont transmises au réservoir. Le réservoir vibrant peut alors être plus facilement être introduit dans le sol, par déplacement du mât (premier mode de réalisation) ou par déplacement du réservoir le long du mât (deuxième mode de réalisation).Furthermore, in order to facilitate the introduction of the tank into the ground, the machine according to the invention furthermore advantageously comprises securing means for securing the tank with the perforation tool. It is understood that when the tank is secured to the needle, the vibrations generated by the vibrator of the carriage are transmitted to the tank. The vibrating reservoir can then be more easily introduced into the ground, by moving the mast (first embodiment) or by moving the reservoir along the mast (second embodiment).

De préférence, les moyens de solidarisation comportent au moins un vérin fixé au réservoir tout en étant arrangé pour exercer une pression transversale sur l'outil de perforation. Les moyens de solidarisation comprennent de préférence au moins une mâchoire qui est apte à venir enserrer l'outil de perforation.Preferably, the securing means comprise at least one jack attached to the reservoir while being arranged to exert a transverse pressure on the perforating tool. The securing means preferably comprise at least one jaw which is able to grip the perforation tool.

Dans chacun des deux modes de réalisation précédents, selon une deuxième variante, l'extrémité inférieure de l'outil de perforation porte un outil de coupe, et le chariot comporte en outre des moyens pour entrainer en rotation l'outil de perforation, par exemple un moteur. On comprend donc que la perforation est ici réalisée en entrainant l'outil de perforation en rotation autour de son axe.In each of the two previous embodiments, according to a second variant, the lower end of the perforation tool carries a cutting tool, and the carriage further comprises means for rotating the perforation tool, for example a motor. It is therefore understood that the perforation is here performed by driving the perforation tool in rotation about its axis.

Dans cette deuxième variante, le réservoir est préférentiellement muni d'un vibreur ou bien d'un oscillateur qui peut être activé de manière à faciliter l'introduction du réservoir dans le sol.In this second variant, the reservoir is preferably provided with a vibrator or an oscillator which can be activated so as to facilitate the introduction of the reservoir into the ground.

Par ailleurs et de manière avantageuse, le réservoir présente un corps cylindrique qui est coaxial à l'outil de perforation, tandis que son extrémité inférieure présente une forme tronconique. Cette forme en ogive permet de faciliter l'introduction du réservoir dans le sol. On peut néanmoins prévoir d'autres formes en fonction de la géométrie de la colonne que l'on souhaite obtenir.Furthermore and advantageously, the reservoir has a cylindrical body which is coaxial with the perforation tool, while its lower end has a frustoconical shape. This ogival shape facilitates the introduction of the tank into the ground. However, other forms can be provided depending on the geometry of the column that one wishes to obtain.

Pour contrôler l'évacuation du deuxième matériau de construction dans le sol, le réservoir présente avantageusement un clapet commandable permettant d'obturer l'ouverture du réservoir.To control the evacuation of the second building material in the soil, the reservoir advantageously has a controllable valve for closing the opening of the tank.

De préférence, le clapet est monté à l'extrémité d'un tube rotatif dans lequel l'outil de perforation peut coulisser. Ce tube rotatif constitue par ailleurs une chemise interne du réservoir. De préférence, une rotation du tube rotatif d'un quart de tour permet de faire passer l'ouverture du réservoir d'une position fermée à une position ouverte, et réciproquement, le pivotement du tube rotatif étant opéré grâce à un dispositif de pivotement.Preferably, the valve is mounted at the end of a rotary tube in which the perforating tool is slidable. This rotating tube also constitutes an internal jacket of the reservoir. Preferably, rotation of the rotary tube by a quarter of a turn makes it possible to pass the opening of the reservoir from a closed position to an open position, and conversely, the pivoting of the rotary tube being operated by means of a pivoting device.

Pour déverser le premier matériau de construction dans le sol, l'outil de perforation de la machine selon l'invention est, de préférence, également pourvu d'un obturateur apte à obturer l'orifice, ledit obturateur étant arrangé de telle manière qu'il obture l'orifice lorsque l'extrémité inférieure de l'outil de perforation vient au contact de l'extrémité inférieure du réservoir.In order to pour the first construction material into the ground, the perforation tool of the machine according to the invention is preferably also provided with a shutter capable of closing off the orifice, said shutter being arranged in such a way that it closes the orifice when the lower end of the perforating tool comes into contact with the lower end of the reservoir.

L'obturateur selon l'invention permet notamment de fermer l'extrémité de l'outil de perforation, et donc stopper le déversement du premier matériau de construction dans le sol, après que la portion inférieure de la colonne a été moulée.The shutter according to the invention allows in particular to close the end of the perforation tool, and thus stop the spill of the first building material in the soil, after the lower portion of the column has been molded.

La présente invention porte également sur un procédé de réalisation d'une colonne dans un sol à l'aide d'une machine selon l'invention, ladite colonne étant constituée d'une portion inférieure et d'une portion supérieure, le procédé comportant les étapes suivantes, ces dernières pouvant être réalisées plusieurs fois, et dans un ordre différent de celui indiqué ci-dessous:

  • on fait pénétrer dans le sol l'outil de perforation jusqu'à une profondeur prédéterminée;
  • on introduit le réservoir dans le sol ;
  • on remonte l'outil de perforation, tout en pompant le premier matériau de construction dans le sol au travers de l'orifice situé à l'extrémité inférieure de l'outil de perforation de manière à former la portion inférieure de la colonne ;
  • on remplit le réservoir avec un deuxième matériau de construction ;
  • on remonte le réservoir tout en déversant le deuxième matériau de construction dans le sol via l'ouverture, de manière à former la portion supérieure de la colonne.
The present invention also relates to a method for producing a column in a soil using a machine according to the invention, said column consisting of a lower portion and an upper portion, the method comprising the following steps, which can be done several times, and in a different order from that indicated below:
  • the perforating tool is penetrated into the ground to a predetermined depth;
  • the tank is introduced into the soil;
  • the perforation tool is raised while pumping the first construction material into the soil through the hole at the lower end of the perforating tool to form the lower portion of the column;
  • the tank is filled with a second building material;
  • the reservoir is raised while pouring the second building material into the soil via the opening, so as to form the upper portion of the column.

Ce procédé permet d'obtenir une colonne mixte. Il peut être mis en oeuvre avec l'une ou l'autre des première et deuxième variantes des premier et second modes de réalisation de la machine selon l'invention.This method makes it possible to obtain a mixed column. It can be implemented with one or the other of the first and second variants of the first and second embodiments of the machine according to the invention.

En particulier, la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé permet d'obtenir une colonne mixte dont la portion supérieure présente un diamètre supérieure à celui de la portion inférieure, lorsque le diamètre du réservoir est supérieur à celui de l'outil de perforation.In particular, the implementation of this method makes it possible to obtain a mixed column whose upper portion has a diameter greater than that of the lower portion, when the diameter of the reservoir is greater than that of the perforation tool.

On précise que le remplissage du réservoir peut également être réalisé avant son introduction dans le sol ou juste après.It is specified that the filling of the tank can also be performed before its introduction into the soil or just after.

L'invention porte également sur un procédé de réalisation d'une colonne dans un sol à l'aide d'une machine selon le premier mode de réalisation de l'invention, ladite colonne étant constituée d'une portion inférieure et d'une portion supérieure, procédé dans lequel :

  • on fait pénétrer dans le sol l'outil de perforation jusqu'à une profondeur prédéterminée tout en faisant vibrer l'outil de perforation ; puis
  • on solidarise le réservoir et l'outil de perforation ;
  • on descend, selon une première longueur, l'ensemble constitué du réservoir et de l'outil de perforation tout en faisant vibrer cet ensemble, de sorte que le réservoir pénètre dans le sol ;
  • on désolidarise le réservoir et l'outil de perforation ;
  • on remonte l'outil de perforation tout en pompant le premier matériau de construction dans le sol au travers de l'orifice situé à l'extrémité inférieure de l'outil de perforation de manière à former la portion inférieure de la colonne ;
  • on remplit le réservoir avec un deuxième matériau de construction ;
  • on solidarise le réservoir et l'outil de perforation ;
  • on remonte l'ensemble formé du réservoir et de l'outil de perforation tout en déversant le deuxième matériau de construction dans le sol de manière à former la portion supérieure de la colonne.
The invention also relates to a method for producing a column in a soil using a machine according to the first embodiment of the invention, said column consisting of a lower portion and a portion upper method, wherein
  • the perforation tool is penetrated into the ground to a predetermined depth while vibrating the perforating tool; then
  • the reservoir and the perforation tool are secured;
  • the set consisting of the reservoir and the perforating tool is lowered along a first length while vibrating the assembly so that the reservoir enters the ground;
  • the reservoir and the perforation tool are separated;
  • raising the perforation tool while pumping the first building material into the soil through the hole at the lower end of the perforating tool to form the lower portion of the column;
  • the tank is filled with a second building material;
  • the reservoir and the perforation tool are secured;
  • the assembly formed by the reservoir and the perforation tool is raised while pouring the second construction material into the ground so as to form the upper portion of the column.

Là encore, le remplissage du réservoir peut avoir lieu avant l'introduction du réservoir dans le sol ou juste après.Again, the filling of the tank can take place before the introduction of the tank into the ground or just after.

Selon une variante du procédé de réalisation d'une colonne dans un sol à l'aide d'une machine selon le premier mode de réalisation de l'invention, on réalise les étapes suivantes afin d'obtenir une colonne constituée d'une portion inférieure, d'une portion médiane et d'une portion supérieure :

  • on fait pénétrer dans le sol l'outil de perforation jusqu'à une profondeur prédéterminée tout en faisant vibrer l'outil de perforation ;
  • on solidarise le réservoir et l'outil de perforation ;
  • on descend, selon une première longueur, l'ensemble constitué du réservoir et de l'outil de perforation tout en faisant vibrer cet ensemble, de sorte que le réservoir pénètre dans le sol ;
  • on désolidarise le réservoir et l'outil de perforation ;
  • on remonte partiellement l'outil de perforation tout en pompant le premier matériau de construction dans le sol au travers de l'orifice situé à l'extrémité inférieure de l'outil de perforation, de manière à former la portion inférieure de la colonne ;
  • on remplit le réservoir avec un deuxième matériau de construction ;
  • on solidarise le réservoir et l'outil de perforation ;
  • on remonte légèrement l'ensemble formé du réservoir et de l'outil de perforation ;
  • on désolidarise le réservoir et l'outil de perforation ;
  • on remonte complètement l'outil de perforation tout en pompant le premier matériau dans le sol au travers de l'orifice situé à l'extrémité inférieure de l'outil de perforation de manière à former la portion médiane de la colonne ;
  • on remonte l'ensemble formé du réservoir et de l'outil de perforation tout en déversant le deuxième matériau de construction dans le sol afin de former la portion supérieure de la colonne.
According to a variant of the method for producing a column in a soil using a machine according to the first embodiment of the invention, the following steps are carried out in order to obtain a column consisting of a lower portion. , a middle portion and an upper portion:
  • the perforation tool is penetrated into the ground to a predetermined depth while vibrating the perforating tool;
  • the reservoir and the perforation tool are secured;
  • the set consisting of the reservoir and the perforating tool is lowered along a first length while vibrating the assembly so that the reservoir enters the ground;
  • the reservoir and the perforation tool are separated;
  • the perforation tool is partially raised while pumping the first construction material into the soil through the hole at the lower end of the perforating tool, so as to form the lower portion of the column;
  • the tank is filled with a second building material;
  • the reservoir and the perforation tool are secured;
  • the assembly formed of the reservoir and the perforation tool is slightly raised;
  • the reservoir and the perforation tool are separated;
  • the perforation tool is completely raised while pumping the first material into the soil through the hole at the lower end of the perforating tool so as to form the middle portion of the column;
  • the assembly formed of the reservoir and the perforation tool is raised while pouring the second construction material into the ground to form the upper portion of the column.

Ici encore, le remplissage du réservoir peut avoir lieu avant l'introduction du réservoir dans le sol ou juste après.Here again, the filling of the tank can take place before the introduction of the tank into the ground or just after.

Un autre objet de l'invention concerne un procédé de réalisation d'une colonne dont les portions inférieure et supérieure sont constituées par du premier matériau de construction, ce procédé étant mis en oeuvre à l'aide d'une machine selon le premier mode de réalisation de l'invention et comportant les étapes suivantes :

  • on fait pénétrer dans le sol l'outil de perforation jusqu'à une profondeur prédéterminée tout en faisant vibrer l'outil de perforation ; puis
  • on solidarise le réservoir et l'outil de perforation ;
  • on descend, selon une première longueur, l'ensemble constitué du réservoir et de l'outil de perforation tout en faisant vibrer cet ensemble, de sorte que le réservoir pénètre dans le sol ;
  • on désolidarise le réservoir et l'outil de perforation ;
  • on remonte partiellement l'outil de perforation tout en pompant le premier matériau de construction dans le sol au travers de l'orifice situé à l'extrémité inférieure de l'outil de perforation de manière à former la portion inférieure de la colonne ;
  • on remonte l'ensemble formé du réservoir et de l'outil de perforation tout en pompant le premier matériau de construction dans le sol au travers de l'orifice situé à l'extrémité inférieure de l'outil de perforation de manière à former la portion supérieure de la colonne.
Another object of the invention relates to a method of producing a column whose lower and upper portions are constituted by first construction material, this method being implemented using a machine according to the first embodiment of the invention. embodiment of the invention and comprising the following steps:
  • the perforation tool is penetrated into the ground to a predetermined depth while vibrating the perforating tool; then
  • the reservoir and the perforation tool are secured;
  • the set consisting of the reservoir and the perforating tool is lowered along a first length while vibrating the assembly so that the reservoir enters the ground;
  • the reservoir and the perforation tool are separated;
  • the perforation tool is partially raised while pumping the first construction material into the soil through the hole at the lower end of the perforating tool so as to form the lower portion of the column;
  • the assembly formed by the reservoir and the perforation tool is raised while pumping the first construction material into the ground through the orifice located at the lower end of the perforation tool so as to form the upper portion of the column.

La colonne obtenue est donc constituée du premier matériau de construction. De préférence, le diamètre du réservoir est supérieur à celui de l'outil de perforation de sorte que la colonne obtenue présente un diamètre non constant.The resulting column is made of the first building material. Preferably, the diameter of the reservoir is greater than that of the perforation tool so that the column obtained has a non-constant diameter.

L'invention porte également sur un procédé de réalisation d'une colonne mixte dans un sol à l'aide d'une machine selon le deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention, ladite colonne étant constituée d'une portion inférieure et d'une portion supérieure, procédé dans lequel :

  • on fait pénétrer dans le sol l'outil de perforation jusqu'à une profondeur prédéterminée tout en faisant tourner l'outil de perforation autour de son axe ; puis
  • on descend le réservoir tout en faisant vibrer ledit réservoir, de sorte que le réservoir pénètre dans le sol ;
  • on remonte l'outil de perforation tout en pompant le premier matériau de construction dans le sol au travers de l'orifice situé à l'extrémité inférieure de l'outil de perforation de manière à former la portion inférieure de la colonne ;
  • on remplit le réservoir avec un deuxième matériau de construction ;
  • on remonte le réservoir tout en déversant le deuxième matériau de construction dans le sol de manière à former la portion supérieure de la colonne.
The invention also relates to a method for producing a mixed column in a soil using a machine according to the second embodiment of the invention, said column consisting of a lower portion and a upper portion, wherein
  • the perforation tool is penetrated into the ground to a predetermined depth while rotating the perforation tool about its axis; then
  • the tank is lowered while vibrating said reservoir, so that the reservoir enters the ground;
  • raising the perforation tool while pumping the first building material into the soil through the hole at the lower end of the perforating tool to form the lower portion of the column;
  • the tank is filled with a second building material;
  • the reservoir is raised while pouring the second building material into the soil so as to form the upper portion of the column.

Ici aussi, le remplissage du réservoir peut également avoir lieu avant son introduction dans le sol ou juste après.Here too, the filling of the tank can also take place before its introduction into the ground or just after.

Par ailleurs, la descente du réservoir peut avoir lieu en descendant le mât ou en déplaçant le réservoir le long du mât.In addition, the descent of the tank can take place by lowering the mast or by moving the tank along the mast.

En outre, dans les procédés définis ci-dessus, on réalise de préférence une étape lors de laquelle on opère un déplacement alterné du réservoir et/ou de l'outil de perforation, lors de la remontée du réservoir et/ou de l'outil de perforation, de manière à compacter le deuxième matériau.In addition, in the processes defined above, a step is preferably carried out during which an alternating displacement of the reservoir and / or the perforation tool is carried out during the raising of the reservoir and / or the tool. perforation, so as to compact the second material.

Brève description des dessinsBrief description of the drawings

L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description détaillée faite ci-après, à titre indicatif mais non limitatif, en référence aux dessins annexés, sur lesquels :

  • la figure 1 représente une machine pour la réalisation de colonnes dans un sol selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention ;
  • la figure 2A est une vue de détail de la figure 1 montrant l'extrémité inférieure du mât portant le réservoir ;
  • la figure 2B est une vue en coupe de la figure 2A ;
  • la figure 3 illustre de manière schématique les moyens de solidarisation pour solidariser le réservoir et l'outil de perforation ;
  • la figure 4 est vue en perspective du réservoir de la figure 2B , montrant l'extrémité inférieure de l'outil de perforation et le tube rotatif déposé à l'intérieur du corps ;
  • les figures 5A et 5B illustrent le principe de fonctionnement de l'obturateur disposé à l'extrémité inférieure de l'outil de perforation ;
  • la figure 6 illustre les différentes étapes du procédé de réalisation d'une colonne, à l'aide de la machine de la figure 1 ;
  • les figures 7A à 7D montrent différentes colonnes pouvant être réalisées grâce à la machine selon l'invention ;
  • la figure 8 illustre une machine pour la réalisation de colonnes selon un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention ; et
  • la figure 9 illustre les différentes étapes du procédé de réalisation d'une colonne à l'aide de la machine de la figure 8 .
The invention will be better understood on reading the detailed description given below, by way of indication but without limitation, with reference to the appended drawings, in which:
  • the figure 1 represents a machine for producing columns in a soil according to a first embodiment of the invention;
  • the Figure 2A is a detail view of the figure 1 showing the lower end of the mast carrying the tank;
  • the Figure 2B is a sectional view of the Figure 2A ;
  • the figure 3 schematically illustrates the securing means for securing the reservoir and the perforating tool;
  • the figure 4 is perspective view of the reservoir of the Figure 2B , showing the lower end of the perforating tool and the rotating tube deposited inside the body;
  • the Figures 5A and 5B illustrate the principle of operation of the shutter disposed at the lower end of the perforating tool;
  • the figure 6 illustrates the different steps of the method of producing a column, using the machine of the figure 1 ;
  • the Figures 7A to 7D show different columns that can be made with the machine according to the invention;
  • the Figure 8 illustrates a machine for producing columns according to a second embodiment of the invention; and
  • the figure 9 illustrates the various steps of the method of producing a column using the machine of the Figure 8 .

Description détaillée de l'inventionDetailed description of the invention

Sur la figure 1 on a représenté machine 10 pour la réalisation de colonnes dans un sol S selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention.On the figure 1 there is shown machine 10 for producing columns in a soil S according to a first embodiment of the invention.

Cette machine 10 comporte un porteur à chenilles 12 qui est équipé d'un bras articulé 14. Ce bras articulé 14 comprend un organe de maintien 16 prévu pour maintenir un mât 18 qui s'étend selon une direction longitudinale. Plus précisément, le mât 18 peut coulisser, selon sa direction longitudinale, par rapport à l'organe de maintien 16. A cet effet, il est prévu un mécanisme de déplacement, en l'espèce un vérin 20 fixé à l'organe de maintien 16 d'une part, et au mât 18 d'autre part, permettant de déplacer le mât selon sa direction longitudinale. Dans l'exemple de la figure 1 , le vérin 20 permet de déplacer le mât selon une direction sensiblement verticale.This machine 10 comprises a crawler carrier 12 which is equipped with an articulated arm 14. This articulated arm 14 comprises a holding member 16 provided for holding a mast 18 which extends in a longitudinal direction. More specifically, the mast 18 can slide, in its longitudinal direction, relative to the holding member 16. For this purpose, there is provided a movement mechanism, in this case a jack 20 fixed to the holding member 16 on the one hand, and the mast 18 on the other hand, for moving the mast in its longitudinal direction. In the example of the figure 1 , the jack 20 moves the mast in a substantially vertical direction.

Par ailleurs, un chariot mobile 22 est monté coulissant le long du mât 18. Ce chariot mobile 22 peut être déplacé le long du mât 18 par des moyens connus par ailleurs et non représentés ici.Furthermore, a movable carriage 22 is slidably mounted along the mast 18. This movable carriage 22 can be moved along the mast 18 by means known elsewhere and not shown here.

Le chariot 22 comporte en outre un vibreur 24 relié à l'extrémité supérieure 26a d'un outil de perforation de sol longitudinal 26. Dans cet exemple, l'outil de perforation de sol 26 est une aiguille de vibrofonçage. Comme on le voit sur la figure 1 , l'aiguille de vibrofonçage 26 s'étend selon une direction parallèle au mât 18. On comprend donc que le vibreur 24 est prévu pour faire faire vibrer l'aiguille de vibrofonçage 26. The carriage 22 further includes a vibrator 24 connected to the upper end 26a of a longitudinal soil piercing tool 26. In this example, the soil piercing tool 26 is a vibrating needle. As we see on the figure 1 , the vibrating needle 26 extends in a direction parallel to the mast 18. It is thus clear that the vibrator 24 is provided to vibrate the vibrating needle 26.

L'extrémité supérieure 26a de l'aiguille de vibrofonçage 26 est reliée à des moyens d'alimentation (non représentés ici) en un premier matériau de construction, en l'espèce du béton.The upper end 26a of the vibrating needle 26 is connected to supply means (not shown here) in a first building material, in this case concrete.

L'extrémité inférieure 26b de l'aiguille de vibrofonçage 26 est quant à elle munie d'un orifice 28 pour le refoulement du premier matériau de construction dans le sol S. The lower end 26b of the vibrating needle 26 is provided with an orifice 28 for the discharge of the first building material in the soil S.

Selon l'invention, la machine 10 comporte en outre un réservoir 30 qui est fixé solidairement à l'extrémité inférieure 18a du mât 18. Ce réservoir 30 comporte un corps 32 présentant la forme générale d'un cylindre, tandis que l'extrémité inférieure 32a du corps 32 présente une forme tronconique. L'extrémité inférieure 32a du corps présente en l'espèce une ouverture 33 permettant de vider le réservoir 30. On constate également que le diamètre du corps 32 du réservoir 30 est supérieur à celui de l'aiguille de vibrofonçage. A titre d'exemple non limitatif, l'aiguille de vibrofonçage présente un diamètre de 270 mm, tandis que le réservoir présente un diamètre de 700 mm et une hauteur comprise entre 1 et 10 m.According to the invention, the machine 10 further comprises a reservoir 30 which is fixedly secured to the lower end 18a of the mast 18. This reservoir 30 comprises a body 32 having the general shape of a cylinder, while the lower end 32a of the body 32 has a frustoconical shape. The lower end 32a of the body has in this case an opening 33 for emptying the tank 30. It is also noted that the diameter of the body 32 of the tank 30 is greater than that of the vibrating needle. By way of non-limiting example, the vibrocapping needle has a diameter of 270 mm, while the reservoir has a diameter of 700 mm and a height of between 1 and 10 m.

L'extrémité supérieure du réservoir présente une portion formant entonnoir 34 qui permet de faciliter le remplissage du réservoir 30 ; avec un deuxième matériau de construction, en l'espèce du ballast.The upper end of the reservoir has a funnel portion 34 which facilitates the filling of the reservoir 30; with a second building material, in this case ballast.

Comme on le voit mieux sur les figures 2A et 2B , le réservoir 30 et l'aiguille de vibrofonçage sont coaxiaux, le réservoir 30 s'étendant autour de l'aiguille de vibrofonçage. Plus précisément, l'aiguille de vibrofonçage peut coulisser axialement au travers du réservoir 30 lors du déplacement du chariot mobile 22 le long du mât.As we see best on Figures 2A and 2B , The reservoir 30 and the needle are coaxial vibratory driving, the tank 30 extending around the vibratory driving needle. More specifically, the vibrating needle can slide axially through the reservoir 30 during movement of the movable carriage 22 along the mast.

On comprend donc que lorsque le chariot 22 est amené vers l'extrémité inférieure du mât, l'aiguille de perforation pénètre dans le sol tout en coulissant dans le réservoir 30. It is therefore understood that when the carriage 22 is brought towards the lower end of the mast, the perforation needle penetrates the ground while sliding in the reservoir 30.

La machine 10 est également équipée de moyens de solidarisation 36 pour permettre la solidarisation du réservoir 30 avec l'aiguille de vibrofonçage 26. Ces moyens de solidarisation, dont le principe de fonctionnement se comprend mieux à l'aide de la figure 3 , comprennent en l'espèce une paire de mâchoires 38 actionnés par des vérins 40 orientés transversalement par rapport à la direction longitudinale de l'aiguille de vibrofonçage. Ces moyens de solidarisation 36 sont préférentiellement disposés au dessus du réservoir 30. The machine 10 is also equipped with securing means 36 to enable the reservoir 30 to be secured to the vibro-smoothing needle 26. These securing means, whose operating principle is better understood by means of the figure 3 , comprise in this case a pair of jaws 38 actuated by jacks 40 oriented transversely to the longitudinal direction of the vibrating needle. These securing means 36 are preferably arranged above the tank 30.

Lorsque les vérins 40 sont actionnés, les mâchoires 38 viennent enserrer l'aiguille de vibrofonçage de sorte que cette dernière ne peut plus se déplacer par rapport au réservoir 30. Par suite, les vibrations générées par le vibreur 24 du chariot 22 sont avantageusement transmises au réservoir 30 par le biais des moyens de solidarisation. De ce fait, le réservoir peut être vibro-foncé dans le sol S. When the jacks 40 are actuated, the jaws 38 come to grip the vibrating needle so that the latter can no longer move relative to the reservoir 30. As a result, the vibrations generated by the vibrator 24 of the carriage 22 are advantageously transmitted to the tank 30 through the securing means. As a result, the tank can be vibro-dark in soil S.

En se référant maintenant à la figure 4 , on constate que la machine 10 comporte en outre un tube rotatif 42 disposé à l'intérieur du corps cylindrique 32 du réservoir 30. L'aiguille de vibrofonçage et le tube rotatif 42 sont coaxiaux.Referring now to the figure 4 it is found that the machine 10 further comprises a rotary tube 42 disposed within the cylindrical body 32 of the reservoir 30. The vibrating needle and the rotating tube 42 are coaxial.

De plus, le tube rotatif 42 présente un diamètre légèrement supérieur à celui de l'aiguille de vibrofonçage 26 de sorte que cette dernière peut coulisser à l'intérieur du tube rotatif 42. On précise que le tube rotatif 42 est monté pivotant à une platine 44, laquelle platine est solidaire du réservoir 30. En l'espèce, cette platine 44 porte les moyens de solidarisation 36 et est fixé à l'extrémité inférieure du mât 18. Le tube rotatif 42 s'étend jusqu'à l'extrémité inférieure du corps cylindrique 32. In addition, the rotating tube 42 has a diameter slightly greater than that of the vibrating needle 26 so that the latter can slide inside the rotary tube 42. It is specified that the rotating tube 42 is pivotally mounted to a plate 44, which plate is secured to the reservoir 30. In this case, the plate 44 carries the securing means 36 and is fixed to the lower end of the mast 18. The rotary tube 42 s extends to the lower end of the cylindrical body 32.

Par ailleurs, l'extrémité inférieure du tube rotatif comporte un clapet 46 présentant la forme d'une plaque incurvée dont les dimensions sont adaptées pour pouvoir recouvrir l'ouverture 33 du réservoir. Autrement dit, le clapet 46 est destiné à boucher l'ouverture 33. Furthermore, the lower end of the rotary tube comprises a valve 46 having the shape of a curved plate whose dimensions are adapted to be able to cover the opening 33 of the tank. In other words, the valve 46 is intended to plug the opening 33.

La machine 10 comporte en outre un vérin 48, fixé au réservoir, permettant de faire pivoter le tube rotatif 42 autour de son axe, de préférence d'un quart de tour.The machine 10 further comprises a jack 48, attached to the reservoir, for rotating the rotary tube 42 about its axis, preferably a quarter turn.

Ainsi, l'actionnement du vérin 48 permet de commander l'ouverture et la fermeture du clapet 46, et donc l'ouverture et la fermeture du réservoir 30. Thus, the actuation of the jack 48 makes it possible to control the opening and closing of the valve 46, and thus the opening and closing of the reservoir 30.

En se référant encore à la figure 4 , on comprend que le volume du réservoir s'étend radialement entre le tube rotatif 42 et le corps 32. En d'autres termes, le tube rotatif constitue avantageusement la chemise interne du réservoir.Referring again to the figure 4 it is understood that the volume of the reservoir extends radially between the rotary tube 42 and the body 32. In other words, the rotary tube advantageously constitutes the inner liner of the reservoir.

A l'aide des figures 5A et 5B , on va maintenant expliquer le principe de fermeture de l'orifice 28 qui est disposé à l'extrémité inférieure 26 de l'aiguille de vibrofonçage 26. With the help of Figures 5A and 5B , we will now explain the principle of closing the orifice 28 which is disposed at the lower end 26 of the vibrating needle 26.

Comme on l'a mentionné ci-dessus, le béton est destiné à s'écouler au travers de l'orifice 28, cet écoulement étant ici symbolisé par la flèche F. As mentioned above, the concrete is intended to flow through the orifice 28, this flow being here symbolized by the arrow F.

Comme on l'explique plus en détail ci-après, le pompage du béton est effectué lors de la remontée de l'aiguille de vibrofonçage 26. As explained in more detail below, the pumping of the concrete is carried out during the ascent of the vibrating needle 26.

On souhaite néanmoins que le pompage de béton s'arrête lorsque l'extrémité inférieure 26b de l'aiguille de vibrofonçage 26 vient au contact de l'extrémité inférieure 32a du corps du réservoir 30. It is nevertheless desired that the pumping of concrete stops when the lower end 26b of the vibrating needle 26 comes into contact with the lower end 32a of the body of the tank 30.

Pour ce faire, un obturateur 50 est monté pivotant à l'extrémité inférieure de l'aiguille de vibrofonçage, autour d'un axe de rotation 52. Plus précisément, l'obturateur 50 est fixé à une came 54 présentant une surface de butée 56. Cette came 54 est montée en liaison pivot par rapport à l'axe 52. Par ailleurs, l'extrémité inférieure 32a du corps cylindrique 32 comporte un doigt 58 faisant axialement saillie vers la surface de butée 56. To do this, a shutter 50 is pivotally mounted at the lower end of the vibrating needle, about an axis of rotation 52. More specifically, the shutter 50 is fixed to a cam 54 having a stop surface 56 . This cam 54 is mounted in pivot connection with respect to the axis 52. Furthermore, the lower end 32a of the cylindrical body 32 comprises a pin 58 projecting axially towards the abutment surface 56.

Dès lors, on comprend à l'aide des figures 5A et 5B que lorsque l'aiguille de vibrofonçage est remontée à proximité du réservoir, la surface de butée 56 vient au contact du doigt 58, ce qui provoque la rotation de la came 56 et donc de l'obturateur 50 à la suite de quoi ce dernier vient obturer l'orifice 28. Ainsi, l'écoulement de béton est stoppé. Therefore , we understand with the help of Figures 5A and 5B when the vibrating needle is raised close to the reservoir, the abutment surface 56 comes into contact with the finger 58, which causes the rotation of the cam 56 and therefore of the shutter 50 after which the latter comes closing the orifice 28. Thus, the flow of concrete is stopped.

De préférence, l'extrémité inférieure 26b de l'aiguille de vibrofonçage porte une butée 60 permettant de bloquer la remontée de ladite aiguille lorsque l'extrémité de cette dernière arrive au contact de l'extrémité inférieure du corps 32 du réservoir 30. Preferably, the lower end 26b of the vibrating needle carries a stop 60 for blocking the ascent of said needle when the end of the latter comes into contact with the lower end of the body 32 of the reservoir 30.

A l'aide de la figure 6 , on va maintenant décrire un exemple du procédé de réalisation d'une colonne C dans un sol S selon l'invention à l'aide de la machine 10 que l'on vient de décrire.Using the figure 6 , Will now be described an example of the method for producing a column C in a ground S according to the invention using the machine 10 as described above.

A l'étape (1), le mât est en position haute et le chariot 22 est positionné en haut du mât 18, de sorte que le réservoir 30 et l'aiguille de vibrofonçage 26 sont disposés hors du sol.In step ( 1 ), the mast is in the up position and the carriage 22 is positioned at the top of the mast 18, so that the reservoir 30 and the vibrating needle 26 are arranged out of the ground.

A l'étape (2), le vibreur 24 est actionné et le chariot 22 est amené à l'extrémité inférieure du mât 18 de sorte que l'aiguille de vibrofonçage pénètre dans le sol S sur une profondeur prédéterminée P. Au cours de cette étape, le réservoir n'est pas solidarisé avec l'aiguille de vibrofonçage 26. In step ( 2 ), the vibrator 24 is actuated and the carriage 22 is brought to the lower end of the mast 18 so that the vibrating needle penetrates the soil S to a predetermined depth P. During this step, the reservoir is not secured with the vibrating needle 26.

A l'étape (3), on solidarise le réservoir 30 avec l'aiguille de vibrofonçage afin de faire vibrer l'aiguille et le réservoir. On actionne le vérin 20 de manière à descendre le mât 18 verticalement, ce qui entraine l'introduction du réservoir 30 dans le sol S sur une profondeur L, d'une part, et le déplacement de l'aiguille de perforation jusqu'à une profondeur P' = P + L, d'autre part.In step ( 3 ), the reservoir 30 is secured with the vibrating needle in order to vibrate the needle and the reservoir. The actuator 20 is actuated so as to lower the mast 18 vertically, which causes the tank 30 to be introduced into the soil S to a depth L on the one hand, and the displacement of the perforation needle to a depth P ' = P + L, on the other hand.

A l'étape (4), on désolidarise le réservoir 30 de l'aiguille de vibrofonçage 26, puis on amène le chariot 22 vers l'extrémité supérieure du mât 18 de manière à remonter l'aiguille de vibrofonçage 26. Pendant la remontée de l'aiguille, l'obturateur 50 est ouvert et l'on pompe du béton dans le sol au travers de l'orifice 28, grâce à quoi on forme la portion inférieure de colonne C1. Dans cette étape, le réservoir 30 est donc maintenu enfoncé dans le sol sur la profondeur L. Comme on l'a vu précédemment, l'obturateur 28 se referme lorsque l'aiguille est remontée. A la fin de cette étape, on remplit le réservoir avec du ballast B. In step ( 4 ), the reservoir 30 is detached from the vibrating needle 26, then the carriage 22 is brought towards the upper end of the mast 18 so as to raise the vibrating needle 26. During the ascent of the needle, the shutter 50 is open and concrete is pumped into the soil through the orifice 28, whereby the lower portion of column C1 is formed. In this step, the container 30 is therefore pressed into the ground to the depth L. As noted above, the shutter 28 closes when the needle is raised. At the end of this stage, the tank is filled with ballast B.

A l'étape (5), on fait pivoter le tube rotatif de manière à ouvrir le clapet 46, puis on remonte le mât 18 de manière à remonter le réservoir 30. Au cours de cette étape, le ballast B est déversé dans le sol (au travers de l'ouverture 33 au dessus de la portion de colonne inférieure C1, de manière à former la portion de colonne supérieure C2. In step ( 5 ), the rotary tube is rotated so as to open the valve 46, then the mast 18 is raised to raise the reservoir 30. During this step, the ballast B is discharged into the ground (through the opening 33 above the lower column portion C1, so as to form the upper column portion C2.

Ainsi, à l'issue de l'étape (5), on obtient la colonne mixte C, constituée d'une portion inférieure C1 en béton, et d'une portion supérieure C2 en ballast.Thus, at the end of step ( 5 ), there is obtained the mixed column C, consisting of a lower portion C1 of concrete, and an upper portion C2 in ballast.

Cette colonne est mieux visible sur la figure 7A . This column is better visible on the 7A .

Entre les portions supérieure et inférieure, il existe une interface I où le ballast a pu se mélanger avec le béton avant le durcissement de ce dernier, grâce à la rapidité d'exécution du procédé selon l'invention.Between the upper and lower portions, there is an interface I where the ballast was able to mix with the concrete before the hardening of the latter, thanks to the speed of execution of the method according to the invention.

Cette interface I, constituée d'un mélange béton/ballast assure la continuité structurelle de la colonne C, grâce à quoi on obtient une colonne présentant une résistance mécanique améliorée.This interface I, consisting of a concrete / ballast mixture ensures the structural continuity of the column C, whereby a column having improved mechanical strength is obtained.

Sur les figures 7B à 7D , on a représenté d'autres types de colonnes que l'on peut obtenir à l'aide de la machine selon l'invention.On the Figures 7B to 7D Depicts other types of columns that can be obtained with the machine according to the invention.

Les colonnes C' et C" des figures 7B et 7C sont réalisées en réalisant les étapes (1) à (3) précités. Puis on réalise une étape (4') au cours de laquelle on remonte partiellement l'aiguille de vibrofonçage tout en pompant du béton dans le sol de manière à former les portions inférieures C'1 et C"1. A ce stade, l'obturateur est en position ouverte.Columns C ' and C " of Figures 7B and 7C are carried out by performing the steps ( 1 ) to ( 3 ) above. Then a step ( 4 ' ) is carried out during which the vibrating needle is partially raised while pumping concrete into the ground so as to form the lower portions C'1 and C "1. At this stage, the shutter is in the open position.

Au cours d'une étape (5'), on solidarise le réservoir 30 et l'aiguille de vibrofonçage 26, on remonte légèrement l'ensemble formé du réservoir et de l'aiguille, en l'espèce en remontant légèrement le mât 18. Puis, on désolidarise le réservoir 30 et l'aiguille 26. During a step ( 5 ' ), the reservoir 30 and the vibrating needle 26 are joined together, the assembly formed of the reservoir and the needle is slightly raised, in this case by slightly raising the mast 18. Then, the reservoir 30 and the needle 26 are separated .

Au cours d'une étape (6'), on remonte complètement l'aiguille de vibrofonçage tout en pompant du béton dans le sol de manière à former les portions médianes C'3 et C"3 des colonnes C' et C". A l'issue de cette étape (6'), l'obturateur 50 est en position fermée et obture l'orifice 28. In a step (6 '), is completely back the vibratory driving needle while pumping concrete into the ground so as to form the middle portions C'3 and C "3 columns C' and C". At the end of this step ( 6 '), the shutter 50 is in the closed position and closes the orifice 28.

En suite, au cours d'une étape (7'), le réservoir ayant été préalablement rempli avec du ballast, on ouvre le clapet 46 et on remonte complètement le mât tout en déversant le ballast dans le sol afin de former les portions supérieures de colonne C'2 et C"2. Then, during a step ( 7 ' ), the tank having been previously filled with ballast, the valve 46 is opened and the mast is completely raised while discharging the ballast into the ground to form the upper portions of the tank. column C'2 and C "2.

Ainsi, on obtient les colonnes mixtes C' et C" représentées sur les figures 7B et 7C . On précise que pour obtenir la colonne C" de la figure 7C , on remonte davantage l'ensemble formé du réservoir et de l'aiguille au cours de l'étape (5'), qu'il n'est remonté pour la réalisation de la colonne de la figure 7B . Thus, we obtain the mixed columns C ' and C " represented on the Figures 7B and 7C . It is specified that to obtain the column C " of the figure 7C , the assembly formed of the reservoir and the needle is further raised during the step ( 5 '), that it is not reassembled for the realization of the column of the Figure 7B .

Comme on le comprend à l'aide des figures 7B et 7C , l'interface I', I" entre le béton et le ballast présente une géométrie tronconique qui permet encore d'améliorer la continuité structurelle entre le ballast et le béton.As we understand it with the help of Figures 7B and 7C , The interface I ', I "between the concrete and the ballast has a tapered geometry that still allows to improve the structural continuity between the ballast and the concrete.

La machine 10 selon l'invention permet également de réaliser des colonnes C''' mono matière telle que celle représentée sur la figure 7D . Pour ce faire, on met en oeuvre les étapes (1) à (3) de la figure 6 . On réalise ensuite une étape (4") au cours de laquelle on remonte partiellement l'aiguille de vibrofonçage 26 tout en pompant du béton dans le sol de manière à former la portion inférieure C'''1. The machine 10 according to the invention also makes it possible to produce mono-material columns C ''' such as that shown in FIG. Figure 7D . To do this, steps ( 1 ) to ( 3 ) of the figure 6 . A step ( 4 " ) is then carried out during which the vibrating needle 26 is partially raised while pumping concrete into the soil so as to form the lower portion C '''1.

Puis, au cours d'une étape (5"), on remonte complètement l'ensemble formé du réservoir 30 et de l'aiguille de vibrofonçage 26, en l'espèce en remontant le mât 18, tout en pompant du béton dans le sol S de manière à former la portion supérieure de colonne C'''2. On comprend donc que les portions supérieure et inférieure sont constituées de béton.Then, during a step ( 5 " ), the assembly formed by the tank 30 and the vibrating needle 26 is completely raised , in this case by raising the mast 18 while pumping concrete into the ground. S to form the upper portion of column C '''2. It is therefore understood that the upper and lower portions are made of concrete.

Par suite, le procédé selon l'invention permet de réaliser rapidement et facilement une colonne mono-matière dont la portion supérieure présente un diamètre supérieur à celui de la portion inférieure.As a result, the process according to the invention makes it possible to quickly and easily produce a single-material column whose upper portion has a diameter greater than that of the lower portion.

A l'aide de la figure 8 , on va maintenant décrire un deuxième mode de réalisation de la machine 110 selon l'invention. Cette machine 110 comporte un mât longitudinal 118 fixé à un porteur 112. De préférence, l'extrémité inférieure du mât vient en appui sur le sol S. Using the Figure 8 , Will now be described a second embodiment of the machine 110 according to the invention. This machine 110 comprises a longitudinal mast 118 fixed to a carrier 112. Preferably, the lower end of the mast bears on the ground S.

La machine 110 comporte en outre un chariot 122 monté coulissant le long du mât 118, de manière similaire au chariot 22 du premier mode de réalisation.The machine 110 further comprises a carriage 122 slidably mounted along the mast 118, similarly to the carriage 22 of the first embodiment.

Par ailleurs, la machine 110 comprend également un réservoir 130 similaire au réservoir 30 du premier mode de réalisation.Furthermore, the machine 110 also comprises a reservoir 130 similar to the reservoir 30 of the first embodiment.

Dans ce mode de réalisation, le mât 118 n'est pas prévu pour être translaté selon sa direction longitudinale.In this embodiment, the mast 118 is not intended to be translated in its longitudinal direction.

Pour permettre l'introduction du réservoir 130 dans le sol, ce dernier est monté coulissant le long du mât 118. Autrement dit, les moyens pour introduire le réservoir 130 dans le sol S comprennent des moyens pour faire coulisser le réservoir 130 le long de l'extrémité inférieure 118a du mât 118. Ces moyens peuvent par exemple comprendre un câble de traction fixé au réservoir d'une part et à un treuil d'autre part, et passant par une poulie montée à l'extrémité supérieure du mât 118. To allow the introduction of the reservoir 130 into the ground, the latter is slidably mounted along the mast 118. In other words, the means for introducing the reservoir 130 into the ground S comprise means for sliding the reservoir 130 along the ground. 'end lower 118a of the mast 118. These means may for example comprise a traction cable attached to the reservoir on the one hand and a winch on the other hand, and passing through a pulley mounted at the upper end of the mast 118.

Le réservoir 130 peut donc passer d'une position haute, dans laquelle il est situé en dehors du sol, à une position basse, dans laquelle il est introduit dans le sol.The reservoir 130 can therefore move from a high position, in which it is located outside the ground, to a low position, into which it is introduced into the ground.

La machine 110 comporte également un outil de perforation 126 fixé au chariot 122 et traversant le réservoir 130. L'extrémité supérieure de l'outil de perforation 126 est reliée à des moyens d'alimentation en un premier matériau de construction, en l'espèce du béton, tandis que l'extrémité inférieure 126b est munie d'un orifice 128 pour le pompage du béton dans le sol.The machine 110 also comprises a perforation tool 126 fixed to the carriage 122 and passing through the tank 130. The upper end of the perforation tool 126 is connected to means for supplying a first building material, in this case concrete, while the lower end 126b is provided with an orifice 128 for pumping concrete into the ground.

Dans l'exemple représenté sur la figure 8 , l'outil de perforation 126 est un arbre rotatif dont l'extrémité intérieure 126b comporte un outil de coupe 127. Le chariot 122 comporte donc un moteur pour entrainer l'outil de coupe 127 en rotation.In the example shown on the Figure 8 , the perforation tool 126 is a rotary shaft whose inner end 126b has a cutting tool 127. The carriage 122 therefore comprises a motor for driving the cutting tool 127 in rotation.

On comprend donc que dans cet exemple, la pénétration de l'arbre rotatif dans le sol est réalisée en descendant le chariot 122 tout en faisant tourner l'arbre rotatif, ce dernier pouvant en effet tourner dans le réservoir 130 puisque ledit arbre présente un diamètre inférieur à celui du tube rotatif.It is therefore understood that in this example, the penetration of the rotary shaft into the ground is achieved by lowering the carriage 122 while rotating the rotary shaft, the latter can indeed rotate in the reservoir 130 since said shaft has a diameter less than that of the rotating tube.

Pour faciliter l'introduction du réservoir 130 dans le sol, ce dernier comporte en outre un vibreur 131. On comprend donc que le réservoir 130 est vibrofoncé dans le sol de manière autonome.To facilitate the introduction of the reservoir 130 into the ground, the latter further comprises a vibrator 131. It is therefore clear that the reservoir 130 is vibrated in the soil autonomously.

Il n'est donc pas prévu dans cet exemple de moyens de solidarisation de l'arbre rotatif avec le réservoir 130. In this example, it is not provided with means for securing the rotary shaft with the reservoir 130.

On précise que l'on pourrait tout à fait remplacer l'arbre rotatif par une aiguille de vibrofonçage telle que celle décrite dans le premier mode de réalisation. Dans ce cas, le chariot 122 est muni d'un vibreur et la machine comprend des moyens de solidarisation du réservoir avec l'aiguille de vibrofonçage.It is specified that one could quite replace the rotary shaft by a vibrating needle such as that described in the first embodiment. In this case, the carriage 122 is provided with a vibrator and the machine comprises means for securing the reservoir with the vibroforming needle.

De même, on peut également remplacer l'aiguille de vibrofonçage du premier mode de réalisation par un arbre rotatif muni d'un outil de coupe tel que celui décrit dans le deuxième mode de réalisation en référence à la figure 8 . Dans ce cas, le réservoir est préférentiellement muni d'un vibreur.Likewise, the vibrating needle of the first embodiment can also be replaced by a rotary shaft provided with a cutting tool such as that described in the second embodiment. reference to the Figure 8 . In this case, the reservoir is preferably provided with a vibrator.

A l'aide de la figure 9 , on va maintenant décrire un procédé selon l'invention de réalisation d'une colonne mixte D à l'aide du deuxième mode de réalisation de la machine 110 de la figure 8 . Using the figure 9 , We will now describe a method according to the invention for producing a mixed D column with the second embodiment of the machine 110 of the Figure 8 .

A l'étape (1), le chariot est disposé à l'extrémité supérieure du mât 122, tandis que le réservoir 130 est placé en position haute.In step ( 1 ), the carriage is disposed at the upper end of the mast 122, while the reservoir 130 is placed in the up position.

A l'étape (2), l'arbre rotatif 126 est entrainé en rotation et le chariot 122 est descendu vers l'extrémité inférieure du mât 118, à une profondeur P. In step ( 2 ), the rotary shaft 126 is rotated and the carriage 122 is lowered to the lower end of the mast 118 at a depth P.

A l'étape (3), le vibreur du réservoir 130 est actionné et celui-ci est introduit dans le sol jusqu'à une profondeur L. Simultanément, l'arbre rotatif 126 est descendu d'une même longueur L. Autrement dit, l'extrémité inférieure de l'arbre rotatif 126 atteint la profondeur P'=P+L. In step ( 3 ), the vibrator of the tank 130 is actuated and it is introduced into the ground to a depth L. Simultaneously, the rotary shaft 126 is lowered by the same length L. In other words, the lower end of the rotary shaft 126 reaches the depth P '= P + L.

A l'étape (4) on remonte l'arbre rotatif 126 tout en pompant du béton dans le sol (l'obturateur 150 étant ouvert) de manière à former la portion inférieure D1 de la colonne D. A l'issue de cette étape, l'arbre rotatif 126 est remonté de sorte que l'obturateur 150 est fermé, à la suite de quoi le déversement du béton est stoppé.In step ( 4 ) the rotary shaft 126 is raised while pumping concrete into the ground (the shutter 150 being open) so as to form the lower portion D1 of the column D. At the end of this step , the rotary shaft 126 is raised so that the shutter 150 is closed, after which the pouring of the concrete is stopped.

A l'étape (5), on remonte le réservoir, préalablement rempli, tout en déversant du ballast B dans le sol de manière à former la portion supérieure D2 de la colonne. De préférence, lors de la remontée du réservoir, on opère un déplacement alterné du réservoir, de manière à compacter le ballast.In step ( 5 ), the tank is refilled beforehand, while discharging ballast B into the soil so as to form the upper portion D2 of the column. Preferably, during the ascent of the tank, an alternating displacement of the tank is carried out so as to compact the ballast.

On obtient donc la colonne mixte D, similaire à la colonne mixte C de la figure 6 . We thus obtain the mixed column D , similar to the mixed column C of the figure 6 .

Bien évidemment, la machine 110 selon le second mode de réalisation de l'invention permet également d'obtenir les autres types de colonne illustrés aux figures 7B à 7D . Of course, the machine 110 according to the second embodiment of the invention also makes it possible to obtain the other types of column illustrated in FIGS. Figures 7B to 7D .

Claims (20)

  1. A machine (10, 110) for making columns in ground (S), the machine comprising:
    · a carrier (12, 112) provided with a mast (18, 118) having a longitudinal direction and a bottom end (18a);
    · a movable carriage (22, 122) mounted to slide along the mast;
    · a longitudinal ground drill tool (26, 126) fastened to the movable carriage, presenting a top end (26a, 26b, 126b) connected to means for feeding a first building material, and a bottom end provided with an orifice (28, 128) for discharging the first building material;
    · a tank (30, 130) for receiving a second building material, said tank presenting a bottom end (32a, 132a) provided with an opening (33) for delivering the second building material;
    · means for inserting the tank (30, 130) into the ground (S);
    the machine being characterized in that said tank is mounted at the bottom end of the mast while extending around the drill tool so that the drill tool is suitable for sliding through the tank.
  2. A machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the carrier (12) further includes a drive mechanism (20) for driving the mast (18) along the longitudinal direction of said mast, in that the tank (30) is fastened to the bottom end of the mast, and in that the means for inserting the tank into the ground comprise said mast drive mechanism.
  3. A machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the tank (130) is mounted to slide along the bottom end of the mast (118), and in that the means for inserting the tank into the ground comprise means for causing the tank to slide along the bottom end of the mast.
  4. A machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the drill tool is a vibrodriver needle (26), and in that the carriage (22) is further provided with a vibrator (24).
  5. A machine according to claim 4, characterized in that it further includes securing means (36) for securing the tank to the drill tool.
  6. A machine according to claim 5, characterized in that the securing means (36) include at least one jack (40) fastened to the tank and arranged to exert transverse pressure on the drill tool.
  7. A machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the bottom end (126b) of the drill tool (126) carries a cutter tool (127), and in that the carriage further includes means for driving the drill tool in rotation.
  8. A machine according to claim 7, characterized in that the tank (130) includes a vibrator device (131).
  9. A machine according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the tank (30, 130) presents a diameter greater than the diameter of the drill tool (26, 126).
  10. A machine according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the tank presents a cylindrical body (32, 132) that is coaxial about the drill tool (26, 126), while its bottom end (32a, 132a) presents a shape that is frustoconical.
  11. A machine according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the tank (30, 130) presents a controllable valve enabling the opening of the tank to be closed.
  12. A machine according to claim 11, characterized in that the valve (46) is mounted at the end of a rotary tube (42) in which the drill tool (26, 126) can slide.
  13. A machine according to claim 12, characterized in that it includes a pivot device (48) for causing the rotary tube (42) to pivot so as to open or close the valve.
  14. A machine according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the drill tool (26, 126) further includes a shutter (50, 150) suitable for shutting the orifice, said shutter being arranged in such a manner as to shut the orifice when the bottom end of the drill tool comes into contact with the bottom end of the tank.
  15. A method of making a column in ground using a machine according to any one of claims 1 to 14, said column being constituted by a bottom portion and a top portion, the method comprising the following steps:
    · causing the drill tool to penetrate into the ground to a predetermined depth;
    · inserting the tank into the ground;
    · raising the drill tool while pumping the first building material into the ground through the orifice situated at the bottom end of the drill tool so as to form the bottom portion of the column;
    · filling the tank with a second building material;
    · raising the tank while delivering the second building material into the ground via the opening, so as to form the top portion of the column.
  16. A method of making a column in ground using a machine according to claim 5 or claim 6, said column being constituted by a bottom portion and a top portion, the method comprising the following steps:
    · causing the drill tool to penetrate into the ground to a predetermined depth while causing the drill tool to vibrate; then
    · securing the tank to the drill tool;
    · lowering the assembly constituted by the tank and the drill tool along a first length while causing the assembly to vibrate, so that the tank penetrates into the ground;
    · separating the tank from the drill tool;
    · raising the drill tool while pumping the first building material into the ground through the orifice situated at the bottom end of the drill tool so as to form the bottom portion of the column;
    · filling the tank with a second building material;
    · securing the tank to the drill tool; and
    · raising the assembly formed by the tank and the drill tool while delivering the second building material into the ground so as to form the top portion of the column.
  17. A method of making a column in ground using a machine according to claim 5 or claim 6, said column being constituted by a bottom portion, a middle portion, and a top portion, the method comprising the following steps:
    · causing the drill tool to penetrate into the ground to a predetermined depth while causing the drill tool to vibrate;
    · securing the tank to the drill tool;
    · lowering the assembly constituted by the tank and the drill tool along a first length while causing the assembly to vibrate, so that the tank penetrates into the ground;
    · separating the tank and the drill tool;
    · raising the drill tool part-way while pumping the first building material into the ground through the orifice situated at the bottom end of the drill tool, so as to form the bottom portion of the column;
    · filling the tank with a second building material;
    · securing the tank to the drill tool;
    · raising the assembly formed by the tank and the drill tool a little;
    · separating the tank from the drill tool;
    · raising the drill tool completely while pumping the first building material into the ground through the orifice situated at the bottom end of the drill tool so as to form the middle portion of the column; and
    · raising the assembly formed by the tank and the drill tool while delivering the second building material into the ground so as to form the top portion of the column.
  18. A method of making a column in ground using a machine according to claim 5 or claim 6, said column being constituted by a bottom portion and a top portion, the method comprising the following steps:
    · causing the drill tool to penetrate into the ground to a predetermined depth while causing the drill tool to vibrate; then
    · securing the tank to the drill tool;
    · lowering the assembly constituted by the tank and the drill tool along a first length while causing the assembly to vibrate, so that the tank penetrates into the ground;
    · separating the tank from the drill tool;
    · raising the drill tool part-way while pumping the first building material into the ground through the orifice situated at the bottom end of the drill tool, so as to form the bottom portion of the column; and
    · raising the assembly formed by the tank and the drill tool while pumping the first building material into the ground through the orifice situated at the bottom end of the drill tool so as to form the top portion of the column.
  19. A method of making a column in ground using a machine according to claim 8, said column being constituted by a bottom portion and a top portion, the method comprising the following steps:
    · causing the drill tool to penetrate into the ground to a predetermined depth while causing the drill tool to rotate about its axis; then
    · lowering the tank while causing said tank to vibrate so that the tank penetrates into the ground;
    · raising the drill tool while pumping the first building material into the ground through the orifice situated at the bottom end of the drill tool so as to form the bottom portion of the column;
    · filling the tank with a second building material; and
    · raising the tank while delivering the second building material into the ground so as to form the top portion of the column.
  20. A method according to any one of claims 15 to 19, wherein the tank and/or the drill tool are caused to move in alternation while raising the tank and/or the drill tool.
EP11166557.6A 2010-05-27 2011-05-18 Machine and process for inserting columnes in the ground Active EP2390419B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1054090A FR2960571B1 (en) 2010-05-27 2010-05-27 MACHINE AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING COLUMNS IN A SOIL

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2390419A2 EP2390419A2 (en) 2011-11-30
EP2390419A3 EP2390419A3 (en) 2014-11-05
EP2390419B1 true EP2390419B1 (en) 2016-04-06

Family

ID=43558365

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11166557.6A Active EP2390419B1 (en) 2010-05-27 2011-05-18 Machine and process for inserting columnes in the ground

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2390419B1 (en)
FR (1) FR2960571B1 (en)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2669436B1 (en) * 2012-05-30 2014-12-31 ABI Anlagentechnik-Baumaschinen-Industriebedarf Maschinenfabrik und Vertriebsgesellschaft mbH Ramming and traction device
FR3026754B1 (en) 2014-10-01 2016-12-02 Soletanche Freyssinet MACHINE AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING COLUMNS IN A SOIL
DE102015105701A1 (en) * 2015-04-14 2016-10-20 Karl-Heinz Jörger Device for introducing hybrid columns into a ground for ground improvement
WO2018231274A1 (en) * 2017-06-12 2018-12-20 Ppi Engineering & Construction Services, Llc Combination pier
CN115288121A (en) * 2022-08-04 2022-11-04 李健 Rotary compaction type variable diameter pile construction process

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2659208A (en) * 1947-10-21 1953-11-17 Frankignoul Pieux Armes Drainage pile
GB8418991D0 (en) * 1984-07-25 1984-08-30 Cementation Piling & Found Ground treatment
US6382878B1 (en) * 1999-12-03 2002-05-07 Yue-Chyou Yang Multi-sectioned concrete support structure and method of manufacture
DE102005001227A1 (en) * 2005-01-10 2006-07-20 Keller Grundbau Gmbh Method for improving a foundation in the ground comprises inserting columns having a lower bound section made from mortar or cement and an upper bound section made from ballast

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2960571A1 (en) 2011-12-02
FR2960571B1 (en) 2012-06-22
EP2390419A3 (en) 2014-11-05
EP2390419A2 (en) 2011-11-30

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP3002371B1 (en) Machine and method for building columns in a floor
EP2390419B1 (en) Machine and process for inserting columnes in the ground
EP0265344B1 (en) Method for producting a pile in the ground, drilling machine and device for carrying out such a method
EP1146173B1 (en) Apparatus for producing drilled piles
EP1748108A1 (en) Auger for piling
EP3300819A1 (en) Device for manufacturing annular parts by selectively melting powder comprising a powder scraper
EP2156907B1 (en) Equipment and process for treating pollutants in a soil
EP1626129B1 (en) Machine for digging a trench and forming a wall in said trench
FR2680380A1 (en) METHOD FOR PRODUCING A UNIVERSAL FOUNDATION BODY AND DEVICE FOR IMPLEMENTING SAID METHOD
EP1878833B1 (en) Mixing tool for treating a portion of soil
EP0382607B1 (en) Device for forming piles in the soil using a continuous hollow screw
EP1471186B1 (en) Auger for installing piles
EP1132525B1 (en) Excavation apparatus for forming piles in the ground
EP3119939B1 (en) Boring and concreting equipment for producing a concrete pile in the ground, and corresponding method
FR2616365A1 (en) IMPROVED CLOSURE DEVICE WITH CLEANING A CASTING HOLE
FR2999200A1 (en) TOOL MIXER FOR TREATING A GROUND PORTION
EP2204500B1 (en) Excavator with pivoting kelly
LU85071A1 (en) METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING CONCRETE PILES IN SITU AND HAVING WIDE BASES
EP1035956B1 (en) Surfacing device
EP2393990B1 (en) Vibrating device powered by hydraulic motor for a vibrocompacting machine
EP3569774B1 (en) Excavating machine comprising a steering tube that enables the rotation of the chassis
EP2417304B1 (en) Soil excavation machine of the mill type provided with a movable carriage
FR3051205A1 (en) REALIZING PILES WITH A TELESCOPABLE TOOL DRILLING DEVICE.
FR3001250A1 (en) DRILLING METHOD COMPRISING A DEOLIDARIZATION STEP OF THE CUTTING TOOL
FR2523171A1 (en) Hollow pile driving system - involves compressed air raising earth lifted onto rotating auger bit by cutter on hollow rod

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A2

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: BA ME

PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

PUAL Search report despatched

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A3

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

AX Request for extension of the european patent

Extension state: BA ME

RIC1 Information provided on ipc code assigned before grant

Ipc: E02D 5/48 20060101ALI20140930BHEP

Ipc: E02D 3/08 20060101AFI20140930BHEP

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20150318

RBV Designated contracting states (corrected)

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

INTG Intention to grant announced

Effective date: 20150924

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: NOT ENGLISH

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: REF

Ref document number: 787994

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20160415

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: LANGUAGE OF EP DOCUMENT: FRENCH

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R096

Ref document number: 602011024815

Country of ref document: DE

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 6

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: LT

Ref legal event code: MG4D

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: MP

Effective date: 20160406

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: AT

Ref legal event code: MK05

Ref document number: 787994

Country of ref document: AT

Kind code of ref document: T

Effective date: 20160406

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20160531

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160406

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: PL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160406

Ref country code: FI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160406

Ref country code: IS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160806

Ref country code: NO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160706

Ref country code: LT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160406

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: HR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160406

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160808

Ref country code: LV

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160406

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160406

Ref country code: RS

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160406

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160707

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160406

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160406

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R097

Ref document number: 602011024815

Country of ref document: DE

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: EE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160406

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20160531

Ref country code: RO

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160406

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160406

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160406

Ref country code: CZ

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160406

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20160531

Ref country code: SK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160406

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: MM4A

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SM

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160406

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20170110

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20160706

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 7

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20160706

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20160518

Ref country code: SI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160406

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: PLFP

Year of fee payment: 8

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: HU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT; INVALID AB INITIO

Effective date: 20110518

Ref country code: CY

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160406

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160406

Ref country code: MT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160406

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20160518

Ref country code: TR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160406

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BG

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160406

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20160406

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R082

Ref document number: 602011024815

Country of ref document: DE

Representative=s name: CBDL PATENTANWAELTE GBR, DE

P01 Opt-out of the competence of the unified patent court (upc) registered

Effective date: 20230528

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Payment date: 20230420

Year of fee payment: 13

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20230420

Year of fee payment: 13

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20240418

Year of fee payment: 14